a.) solución de diseño de columna tomando momento uniaxial eje y-y .

f'c ≔ 350 fy ≔ 4200

Paso N° 1 Calculo de la resistencia requerida eje

MCM1 ≔ 25 MCV1 ≔ 20 MCS1 ≔ 10

MCM2 ≔ 20 MCV2 ≔ 25 MCS2 ≔ 15

PCM1 ≔ 60 PCV1 ≔ 75 PCS1 ≔ 10

PCM2 ≔ 55 PCV2 ≔ 70 PCS2 ≔ 12

((1)) PU1 ≔ 1.4 ⋅ PCM1 + 1.7 ⋅ PCV1 = 211.5

PU1 = 211.5 ton.

(2) PU2 ≔ 1.4 ⋅ PCM2 + 1.7 ⋅ PCV2 = 196

PU2 = 196 ton.

((1))((a)) MU1 ≔ 1.4 ⋅ MCM1 + 1.7 ⋅ MCV1 = 69

MU1 = 69 ton-m.

((b)) MU ≔ 1.25 ((MCM1 + MCV1)) + MCS1 = 66.25 ton-m.

MU ≔ 1.25 ((MCM1 + MCV1) - MCS1 = 46.25 ton-m.

PU ≔ 211.5
MU ≔ 69 ton-m.

Paso N° 2 Pre dimensionamiento

Paso N° 2 Pre dimensionamiento

PU ≔ 211.5 ⋅ 10 3 Kg.-m ρt ≔ 0.02

PU
Ag ≔ ――――――
0.45 ⋅ (f'c + fy ⋅ ρt))
(

Ag = 1082.949 Cm2

sección rectangular

((a)) 30 ⋅ 35 = 1050 b

((b)) 35 ⋅ 40 = 1400

(c) 35 ⋅ 45 = 1575 h

((d) 40 ⋅ 45 = 1800

Tomamos la sección de 35*45

b ≔ 30 Ag ≔ 30 ⋅ 35 h ≔ 45 PU = 2.115 ⋅ 10 5 MU ≔ MU ⋅ 10 5 = 6.9 ⋅ 10 6

PU MU
―― = 201.429 ――= 146.032
Ag Ag ⋅ h
MU e
e ≔ ―― = 32.624 ―= 0.725
PU h

h - 10
γ ≔ ―― = 0.778 No cumple
h
Aumentamos la sección a 40x45

b ≔ 45 h ≔ 50
h - 10
γ ≔ ―― = 0.8
h
Ag ≔ 45 ⋅ 50
PU MU
―― = 94 ――= 61.333
Ag Ag ⋅ h

MU e
e ≔ ―― = 32.624 ―= 0.652
PU h
 9.4

6.1

ρ ≔ 0.041 Se encuentra dentro del rango cumple

0.02 ≤ ρ ≤ 0.06

b = 45 h = 50

As ≔ ρ ⋅ b ⋅ h = 92.25 cm2

Paso N° 4 Detalle
Rec ≔ 5
As = 92.25
ϕ#9 ≔ 6.45

14 ⋅ ϕ#9 = 90.3

As ≔ 7 ⋅ ϕ#9 = 45.15

A's ≔ 7 ⋅ ϕ#9 = 45.15

dimensión de las separación de 1'' min según la norma

L.Compresion ≔ 6 ⋅ 2.865 + 7 ⋅ 2.54 + 2 ⋅ Rec = 44.97

L.traccion ≔ 6 ⋅ 2.865 + 7 ⋅ 2.54 + 2 ⋅ Rec = 44.97
 b) Diseño de Viga rectangular con momento biaxial para acero en las 4 caras

Para X MCMX1 ≔ 20 MCVX1 ≔ 15 MCSX1 ≔ 8

MCMX2 ≔ 20 MCVX2 ≔ 14 MCSX2 ≔ 12

PCM1 ≔ 60 PCV1 ≔ 75

PCM2 ≔ 55 PCV2 ≔ 70

((1)) PU1 ≔ 1.4 ⋅ PCM1 + 1.7 ⋅ PCV1 = 211.5

PU1 = 211.5 ton.

(2) PU2 ≔ 1.4 ⋅ PCM2 + 1.7 ⋅ PCV2 = 196

PU2 = 196 ton.

((1))((a)) MUX ≔ 1.4 ⋅ MCMX1 + 1.7 ⋅ MCVX1 = 53.5

MUX = 53.5 ton-m.

(b) MUX ≔ 1.25 (MCMX1 + MCVX1) + MCSX1 = 51.75 ton-m.

MUX ≔ 1.25 ((MCMX1 + MCVX1) - MCSX1 = 35.75 ton-m.

Para Y MCMY1 ≔ 25 MCVY1 ≔ 20 MCSY1 ≔ 10

MCMY2 ≔ 20 MCVY2 ≔ 25 MCSY2 ≔ 15

PCM1 ≔ 60 PCV1 ≔ 75

PCM2 ≔ 55 PCV2 ≔ 70

((1)) PU1 ≔ 1.4 ⋅ PCM1 + 1.7 ⋅ PCV1 = 211.5

PU1 = 211.5 ton.

((2)) PU2 ≔ 1.4 ⋅ PCM2 + 1.7 ⋅ PCV2 = 196

PU2 = 196 ton.

((1))((a)) MUY ≔ 1.4 ⋅ MCMY1 + 1.7 ⋅ MCVY1 = 69

MUY = 69 ton-m.
 ((b)) MUY ≔ 1.25 ((MCMY1 + MCVY1)) + MCSY1 = 66.25 ton-m.

MUY ≔ 1.25 ((MCMY1 + MCVY1)) - MCSY1 = 46.25 ton-m.

f'c ≔ 350 fy ≔ 4200

PU ≔ 211.5 ton-m.

MUX ≔ 53.5 ton-m.

MUY ≔ 69 ton-m.

Paso N°1 Pre dimensionamiento

PU ≔ 211.5 ⋅ 10 3 Kg. ρt ≔ 0.02

b
PU
Ag ≔ ――――――
0.45 ⋅ ((f'c + fy ⋅ ρt))

Ag = 1082.949 Cm2 h

((1)) 25 ⋅ 25 = 625

((2)) 25 ⋅ 30 = 750

((3)) 30 ⋅ 35 = 1050

(4) 30 ⋅ 40 = 1200

((5) 35 ⋅ 40 = 1400

Tomamos el valor de 35*40

Paso N°2 Definimos la cantidad de acero

b ≔ 35 h ≔ 40 ρmin ≔ 0.02 ρmax ≔ 0.06

Ag ≔ b ⋅ h = 1400
Asumimos ρb ≔ 0.03

Asmin ≔ ρmin ⋅ h ⋅ b = 28

Asmax ≔ ρmax ⋅ h ⋅ b = 84
 As ≔ ρb ⋅ h ⋅ b = 42 β ≔ 0.85
As fy
ρ ≔ ―― = 0.03 q ≔ ρ ⋅ ――= 0.424
b⋅h β ⋅ f'c

Paso N°3 determinamos la resistencia

Calculo de la resistencia a la compresión Pura

Po ≔ ((β ⋅ f'c ⋅ ((Ag - As)) + fy ⋅ As)) = 580405

Po = 580405

Calculo de la resistencia PRX

rec ≔ 5
h - 10
γ ≔ ―― = 0.75
h

PU ≔ 211.5 ton.

MUX = 53.5 ton-m. MUY = 69 ton-m.

MUX ⋅ 100 fy
e ≔ ―――― = 25.296 q ≔ ρ ⋅ ――= 0.424
PU β ⋅ f'c

e
―= 0.632
h
Del diagrama de Interacción se obtiene Kx
 Kx ≔ 0.21

Donde:

Px ≔ Kx ⋅ b ⋅ h ⋅ f'c = 102900

Calculo de la resistencia PRY

rec ≔ 5
b - 10
γ ≔ ―― = 0.714
b

PU = 211.5 ton-m.

MUX = 53.5 ton-m. MUY = 69 ton-m.

MUY ⋅ 100 fy
e ≔ ―――― = 32.624 q ≔ ρ ⋅ ――= 0.424
PU β ⋅ f'c

e
― = 0.932
b

Volviendo al diagrama de Interacciones Obtenemos Ky

Ky ≔ 0.7
Donde:

Py ≔ Ky ⋅ b ⋅ h ⋅ f'c = 343000

Paso N°5 Usamos la formula de Bresler para el calculo de la resistencia nominal

1
Pn ≔ ―――――= 91653.232
1 1 1
―― + ――- ――
Px Py Po
 Multiplicando la resistencia nominal por el factor de reducción FR=0.75
FR ≔ 0.75 PU ≔ PU ⋅ 10 3

PR ≔ FR ⋅ Pn = 68739.924 Kg PU = 211500 Kg

68739.924 ≤ 211500

No cumple la resiste Pr es menor al Pu

Paso N° 7 Recalculamos cambiando la sección 50x55 y variamos el acero asumido

b ≔ 50 h ≔ 55 ρmin ≔ 0.02 ρmax ≔ 0.06

Ag ≔ b ⋅ h = 2750

Asumimos ρb ≔ 0.041

Asmin ≔ ρmin ⋅ h ⋅ b = 55

Asmax ≔ ρmax ⋅ h ⋅ b = 165

As ≔ ρb ⋅ h ⋅ b = 112.75 β ≔ 0.85
As fy
ρ ≔ ―― = 0.041 q ≔ ρ ⋅ ――= 0.579
b⋅h β ⋅ f'c

Calculo de la resistencia a la compresión Pura

Po ≔ (β ⋅ f'c ⋅ (Ag - As) + fy ⋅ As) = 1258131.875

Po = 1258131.875

Calculo de la resistencia PRX

rec ≔ 5
h - 10
γ ≔ ―― = 0.818
h

PU ≔ 211.5 ton-m.

MUX = 53.5 ton-m. MUY = 69 ton-m.

 MUX ⋅ 100 fy
e ≔ ―――― = 25.296 q ≔ ρ ⋅ ――= 0.579
PU β ⋅ f'c

e
―= 0.46
h

Del diagrama de Interacción se obtiene Kx

Kx ≔ 0.49

Donde:

Px ≔ Kx ⋅ b ⋅ h ⋅ f'c = 471625

Calculo de la resistencia PRX

rec ≔ 5
b - 10
γ ≔ ―― = 0.8
b
 PU = 211.5 ton-m. f'c = 350

MUX = 53.5 ton-m. MUY = 69 ton-m.

MUY ⋅ 100 fy
e ≔ ―――― = 32.624 q ≔ ρ ⋅ ――= 0.579
PU β ⋅ f'c

e
― = 0.652
b
Volviendo al diagrama de Interacciones Obtenemos Ky

Ky ≔ 0.48
Donde:
Py ≔ Ky ⋅ b ⋅ h ⋅ f'c = 462000
Paso N°8 Usamos la formula de Bresler para el calculo de la resistencia nominal

1
Pn ≔ ―――――= 286532.822
1 1 1
―― + ――- ――
Px Py Po

Multiplicando la resistencia nominal por el factor de reduccion FR=0.75

FR ≔ 0.75 PU ≔ PU ⋅ 10 3

PR ≔ FR ⋅ Pn = 214899.616 PU = 211500

214899.616 ≥ 211500 Cumple

La resistencia proporciona es la suficiente

Paso N°9 Detalle Rec ≔ 5

b = 50 h = 55
As = 112.75 As#9 ≔ 6.45
18 As#9 = 116.1
3 As#9 = 19.35

6 As#9 = 38.7
6 As#9 = 38.7
 3 As#9 = 19.35

2) Diseñar la escalera de dos tramos para conectar los entrepisos de un edificio destinado
a oficinas que tiene un ancho de 1.40m y un descanso de 1.40 x 2.80.

Paso N°1 Pre dimensionamiento

P ≔ 25 El mínimo oficina

2 CP + P = (60-64) rango

2 ⋅ CP + P ＝ 60
60 - P
CP ≔ ――― = 17.5
2
calculo de número de pasos Tomando CP=17.5

altura ≔ 2.6
altura
#pasos ≔ ――― = 14.857
0.175
#pasos ≔ 15
 Ln ≔ 2 ((7)) ⋅ 0.25 = 3.5 m.
Ln ≔ 350
Ln Ln
t ≥ ―― ―― = 14
25 25

se toma : t ≔ 15

Calculo de espesor efectivo (t1)

z ≔ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
25 2 + 17.5 2 = 30.516

15
t1 ≔ ―― = 18.31
25
―
z
altura equivalente efectiva
CP
h ≔ t1 + ―― = 27.06
2

Paso N° 03 calculamos la carga

Peso del acabado

Pesoacabado ≔ 100 Kg/m2

h
Peso Propio h ≔ ―― = 0.271
100
γc ≔ 2400

PesoPropio ≔ h ⋅ γc = 649.436 Kg/m2

total de la carga muerta

CM ≔ Pesoacabado + PesoPropio = 749.436 Kg/m2

Carga viva( tomamos lo que recomienda la Norma)

CV ≔ 500 Kg/m2

Paso N° 03 calculamos la carga requerida

Wu ≔ 1.4 CM + 1.7 CV = 1899.21 Kg/m2

Wu ⋅ 1.4
Wu ≔ ―――= 2.659 Tn/m2
1000

Paso N°4 Idealización estructural

 CM2 ≔ 2400 ⋅ 0.15 + 100 = 460

Wu2 ≔ 1.4 CM2 + 1.7 CV = 1494 Kg/m2

Wu2
Wu2 ≔ ――= 1.494 tn/m2
1000
Wu2 ≔ Wu2 ⋅ 1.4 = 2.092 tn/m

Paso N° 5 analisis estructural Ln ≔ 1.75 Ln1 ≔ 1.4

Wu ⋅ Ln 2
M2 ≔ ――― = 0.679
12

Wu ⋅ Ln 2
M4 ≔ ――― = 0.339
24

Wu2 ⋅ Ln1 2
M1 ≔ ――――= 0.342
12

Wu2 ⋅ Ln1 2
M3 ≔ ――――= 0.171
24

Mupostivo ≔ M2 = 0.679 tn-m/m

MuNegativo ≔ M4 = 0.339 tn-m/m

Usamos el primer criterio Mu ≔ Mupostivo ⋅ 10 5 = 6.786 ⋅ 10 4 fy ≔ 4200

rec ≔ 3
 rec 3
d ≔ t - rec f'c ≔ 210
d = 12
d
Primera iteración a ≔ ―= 2.4
5

Mu
As ≔ ―――――= 1.662
⎛ a⎞
0.9 ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠
b ≔ 100 b puede ser todo el ancho
As ⋅ fy
a ≔ ―――― = 0.391
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b

Segunda iteración
Mu
As ≔ ―――――= 1.521
⎛ a⎞
0.9 ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠

As ⋅ fy
a ≔ ―――― = 0.358
0.85 ⋅ f'c ⋅ b

Mu
As ≔ ―――――= 1.519
⎛ a⎞
0.9 ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―⎟
⎝ 2⎠

As = 1.519

ϕ#3 ≔ 0.952 As ≔ 2 ⋅ ϕ#3 = 1.904