& LLOY

Dr Mohd Faiz Nasruddin

[BDS (Mal), PhD in Restorative Dentistry (Ire)]
Define Nobel and base metal alloys and their importance in
dentistry

Describe the classification and properties of metal alloy

Identify their uses in dentistry

Describe the composition and usages of stainless steel alloy in

dentistry

Discuss the ideal properties of metal denture base materials

Describe the metals used in fabrication of denture bases

Introduction of titanium used in dentistry

Discuss titanium alloy usage in prosthodontics & implant

dentistry
• CHEMICAL SUBSTANCE
ELECTRICAL AND THERMAL
CONDUCTOR POLISHED IS
A GOOD REFLECTOR

• UNIONS 2 OR MORE
METAL
Noble alloys
60% Noble metals (40% gold), 40% Base metal
(Precious)

Noble metals 15% Noble metals (No gold requirement), 75% base metal

Base alloys <15% noble metals

metal elements that resist
oxidation, tarnish, and corrosion

during heating, casting, or soldering

and when used intraorally

examples include gold, Palladium,

Silver and platinum.

Good metallic surface that retain

their surface in dry air
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• TYPE I
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• TYPE II
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• TYPE III
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• TYPE IV
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1.
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2.
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3.
• SILVER-PALLADIUM ALLOYS (AG-PD)
• CHEMICAL PROPERTIES:
• PIGMENTATION AND RESISTANCE TO CORROSION
IF PROPERLY HANDLED

• CLINICAL APPLICATION
• CROWNS
• FIXED PARTIAL DENTURE
• ENDOPOST
 PALLADIUM-SILVER
ADVANTAGES DISADVANTAGES
ALLOY (Pd-Ag)
• Have high melting • Good physical • The likely change
point and which properties and in color of
support the firing bonding with porcelain
of ceramics of ceramics • Expensive
porcelain. • Biocompatible
(1400°C)
• SILVER-TIN ALLOY (AG-SN)
• THESE ALLOYS HAVE BEEN USED FOR DECADES IN DENTISTRY
• INDICATIONS: TEMPORARY INLAYS.
• ADVANTAGES
• CHEAP
• EASY HANDLING
• DISADVANTAGES
• FRAGILE MARGINAL EDGES, PIGMENTATION, CAN NOT BE WELDED, SLIGHT CORROSION RESISTANCE, LOSE
ITS SHINE
reacts with the environment and
are use to protect an alloy
against corrosion by passivity.

COBALT-CHROMIUM ALLOYS (Co-

Cr)
High Mechanical Resistance Cheap
Good gloss
hardness strength to corrosion
• DEVELOPMENT OF BASES IN REMOVABLE DENTURES

• EXAMPLES : CO-CR, NI-CR

• ADVANTAGES
• CHEAP
• VERY LIGHT
• DURABLES

• DISADVANTAGES
• EXCESSIVE HARDNESS
• MINOR CASTING ACCURACY
• COMPLICATED HEAT TREATMENT
• To make the material
physically stronger

• No material in dentistry is
pure metal – always an
element of mixture
• Substitute
• Interstitial
• substitute and
interstitial
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• Examples

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DENTURE BASE

•
RESTS ON ORAL MUCOSA TEETH ARE
ATTACHED
• B
• A

• D

• P
• R
• E
• S
• L
• L
• L
• L
• D
• S
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• THIN BASE STRONG

• BIOCOMPATIBLE, HYGIENIC
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Secondary
Wax-up Flasking Dewax Polishing
impression
COCRMO
fabrication
 COMPOSITION CO-CR-MO

Composition Percentage (%)

Cobalt 59
Chromium 25
Tungsten 9.5
Molybdenum 3.5
Silica 1
Other (C, Fe, Mn, N) 1.5
Elements Role
Cobalt Hardness, Strength, rigidity, high melting
point
Chromium Corrosion resistance, reduce melting
Nickel Decrease strength, hardness but increase
ductility
Molybdenum/tungsten Increase strength, hardeners, refine grain
structure
Silica Oxide scavengers, increase castability
Carbon hardness
Boron Deoxidizer and hardener
Fe, Cu, Berrylium Reduce fusion temperature
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The Metals Handbook (1992)

APPLIED DENTAL MATERIALS –McCABBES AND WALLS

Philipps Dental Material

1441