NEBOSH

MANAGEMENT OF HEALTH AND SAFETY

UNIT IG1:
For: NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety

MANAGEMENT OF INTERNATIONAL HEALTH AND SAFETY

UNIT IGC1:
For: NEBOSH International General Certificate in Occupational Health and Safety
NEBOSH International Certificate in Construction Health and Safety
NEBOSH International Certificate in Fire Safety and Risk Management

Open Book Examination

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Available for 24 hours from: 28 October 2020, 09:00 GMT

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Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0002-ENG-OBE-V1 Oct20 © NEBOSH 2020 page 1 of 10

Task 1: Discussing moral reasons for managing health and safety

Question 1
1.Moral Duties: The company is managing their moral duties quite effectively as they
have an excellent Health and safety culture and other organizations look up to them for
benchmarking

2. Motivated Workers: The organizations employees are highly motivated which shows
that the organization is well aware of its moral responsibilities and providing a safe
working environment to their employees

3. Safe Working Conditions: For carrying out the plant modifications the organization
has carried out a risk assessment and issuing Permits to Contractors which show they
are fulfilling their moral obligation of protecting everyone on their premises

4. Insurance: The organization has provided insurance coverage to their employees

which show that the suffering of their employees is morally unacceptable to them

5. Living up to societal expectations: The organization is legally compliant which show

that are living up to the expectations of the society

6. Absence & sickness: The low absence and sickness rates show that the organization
is taking care of their moral obligation of protection of the health & safety of their
employees

7. Incident statistics: The organization has low incident and accident rates and they are
investigating accidents and learning lessons which show that they are doing everything to
prevent the suffering of their workers

8. Good Communication: The organization listens to their workers and takes on board
there comments which shows that they are morally inclined to make their workers feel
comfortable and safe at work

9. PPE: The organization has provide personal protective equipment to the workers to
carry out the modification to the plant which show they are fulfilling their moral and legal
duty of providing PPE to their workers

10. Safe System of Work: The origination has put in place Permit to Work system for
plant modifications which shows they are fulfilling their moral and legal obligation of
providing a safety system of work

11.Basic rights of the workers: From the scenario it is evident that the organization is
aware of the basic right of the workers that they are reaching home safely to their families
as organization has taken many steps to ensure their safety , health & wellbeing

Task 2: Roles and responsibilities

Question 2
1.Risk Assessment: It is the employers responsibility to provide a suitable and sufficient
risk assessment for the activities which the organization has fulfilled by carrying out a
suitable and sufficient risk assessment for the plant modification

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0002-ENG-OBE-V1 Oct20 © NEBOSH 2020 page 2 of 10

 2. Communication & Consultation: The employer has responsibility of communicating and
consulting with their employees which the organization if fulfilling quite effectively as they
have clear lines of communication between the employer and the workers

3. Document Responsibilities: There is evidence in the scenario that the organization has
clearly defined and document roles and responsibilities which can ensure that the
employer and the workers carry out their roles and responsibilities effectively

4. Provision of resources: in the meeting for carrying the modifications to the plant it is
agreed that adequate resources will be provide to complete the modifications which if
done properly will show that the responsibilities have been carried out effectively

5. Safe System of Work: Employers have a responsibility to provide a Safe System of

Work to their employees which the origination has carried out effectively by putting in
place Permit to Work system for plant modifications

6. Induction training for all contractors: The employer has a responsibility to provide
trainings and instruction to the workers which it can effectively fulfil if they deliver the
training and induction to their contractors as proposed in the risk assessment they
conducted

7. Supervision: Another responsibility of the employer is to provide adequate supervision

which is being effectively fulfilled as the employer has assigned myself (process operator)
and an independent site contact to liaise and monitor the contractor

8. Control of Premises: The owner of premises is responsible for ensuring access control
to the premises which has been fulfilled effectively by assigning the site contact to
manage contractor site entry and exit control.

9. Worker Safety Representative: The employer has assigned me as worker safety

representative hence fulfilling their responsibility effectively, now the worker safety
repetitive has to fulfil his responsibility which he can do so by sharing the concerns of the
workers with the employer

10. Personal Protective Equipment: The contactor has agreed to use personal protective
equipment which carrying out the job, but we still need to ensure it is carried out
effectively and confirm that the PPE is provided to the workers free of cost. Then only we
can say the responsibility has been carried out effectively

Task 3: Influencing health and safety culture

Question 3
1. Low accident and incident rate: As per the scenario, The organization has a low
incident and accident rate and other companies use them as a benchmark which is an
indicator a positive safety culture

2. High workers morale: it is evident that the workers are highly motivated and have a
high morale and want to continuously improve their roles which is an indicator of positive
safety culture

3. Reporting & investigation of incidents: As per the scenarios the organization

investigates it incidents and accidents which gain indicates a positive safety culture

4. Learning from lessons. Another good indicator of their safety culture is that the
company is learning lessons from their previous incidents

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0002-ENG-OBE-V1 Oct20 © NEBOSH 2020 page 3 of 10

 5. Workers Representative assigned: The process operator has been selected and
assigned as the workers representative which also indicates a positive safety culture

6. Clear objectives and target: The organization has set clear objectives and targets
which are met and are legally compliant hence indicating a positive safety culture

7. Clearly Defined Roles & responsibilities: the organization has document and clearly
defines roles and responsibilities which have been communicated to the workers.

8. Good Consultation with workers: As per the scenario the organization pays attention to
and listens to the workers concerns and have also appointed a worker safety represented
both of which are indicators of a positive safety culture

9. Sickness & Absence rates: Low sickness and absence rates mentioned in the scenario
indicate the workers are looked after and indicates a positive safety culture

10. Management Commitment: There are many instances where we can observe
commitment from the management such as, listening to the workers, providing full
insurance to workers, addressing the complaints of workers and customers all show good
commitment towards health & safety which is one the most important indicators of a
positive safety culture.

11. Provision of resources: In the ting between the corporate and locate site
management it was agreed to provide adequate resource and fi they organization does
so it also indicates a positive safety culture

12. Staff turnover: One of the employees is with organization for over 25 years and the
scenario also mentioned that most of the workers are retained and motivated which
shows that the staff turnover is low and workers are satisfied in continuing their
employment with the organization which is a very strong indicator of positive safety
culture.

13. Compliance with Safety Rules: It is evident form that scenario that there is strong
compliance with the safety rules and regulations and it is also mentioned that the
organization is legally complaint which means a good safety cultures exists

14. Resolving complaints: The organizations listens to the workers and have clearly
defined responsibilities and the workers and customer complaints are handled and
resolved very efficiently and in a professional manner

15. Effective communication: in addition to resolving complaints in a timely manner there

are clear lines of internal and external communication which allows for the message to
reach everyone effectively and hence indicates aa positive safety culture

16. Training: it was agreed in the risk assessment session that training and induction will
be provide to the contractors which is an indicator of positive safety culture

17. Good Reputation: It is mentioned din the scenario that the company has a very good
reputation and other companies benchmark it and the company has a reputation for a
world class safety culture which is another positive indicator of safety culture

18. Competence: The company employs a lot of competent workers include the
experience process operator and a senior engineer who has been with organization for
over 25 years who has worked on many multinational plant modification projects which
indicates that the company employs competent personnel

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0002-ENG-OBE-V1 Oct20 © NEBOSH 2020 page 4 of 10

 19. Good HSE Performance: It is evident form the scenarios that the organization has a
very good heath ad safety performance record and having good HSE performance
indicates a positive culture

20. Workers working safely because they want to: it is also evident from the scenario that
the workers want to behave and work safely because they want to and not because they
are told to. As is evident that the staff got together to do a risk assessment and discussed
on the controls to carry out the plant modification safely which show they are doing so
because they want to which s an indicator of a positive safety culture.

Task 4: Why lessons should be learnt from incidents

Question 4
1. To prevent recurrence: It is very important to learn lessons from previous incidents as
it will help them prevent future accidents as if we do not learn lessons from incidents we
will be unable to prevent future accidents

2. To show due diligence: Learning lessons from incidents and improving you
management system shows that the company is prepared to move forward and is doing
its best to improve.

3. Demonstrate commitment: Taking appropriate actions in light of the lessons learnt

shows that the management of the organization is committed to the health & safety of the
employees which makes the workers fee comfortable and demonstrates commitment in
front of legal authorities and unions

4. Raise workers morale: If the workers feel that the management are making
improvements to protect them after learning lessons from incidents it will raise their
morale and make them feel protected

5. Identify gaps in the management system: Learning lessons from previous incidents will
help the organization identify gaps or holes in their management system so they can
address those shortcomings and plug the gaps

6. Continual improvement: One of the most important element of management system is

continual improvement which can be fulfilled by learning lessons from previous incident. It
will help the organization to continually improve their management system and their
performance

7. Legal Compliance: Learning lessons from the previous incident will also helps the
company comply with legal requirement as legally compliance are required to investigate
accidents. Also the incident might have happened due to a legal non compliance

8. To improve HSE performance: If the organization can investigates incidents and learn
lessons from them it will help them reduce incidents in the future and hence improve their
HSE performance

9. Better Claim management: If the company learns lessons from previous incidents it will
help them handle their claims in a better way as they might be taken to court for
compensation. If they learn lessons they can avoid future incidents and handle claims in
a better way as well.

10. Improved Risk Assessments: Once an incident happens and the investigation takes
place an important aspect of learning lessons is to review and improve your risk
assessments

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0002-ENG-OBE-V1 Oct20 © NEBOSH 2020 page 5 of 10

 11. Satisfying Insurance companies: By learning lessons from previous incidents you can
satisfy insurance company and possibly lower or manage your insurance premiums in a
better way.

Task 5: Risk assessment

Question 5 a
1. The risk assessment is not suitable and sufficient in terms of who might be affected as
it did not consider the workers of the contractor nor did it consider the visitors who might
be present on the premises during the plant modification

2. Also the risk assessment is not suitable and sufficient as it did not consider vulnerable
groups such as pregnant mothers who might be working in the plant or young or
inexperience workers who may be in the plant, neither did it consider personnel with
disabilities

3. However the risk assessment did refer that the release of the chemicals will be
catastrophic to the workers of the organization will be also affect the adjacent businesses
located near the plant

4. The risk assessment also referred to the general public as it mentioned that the
release of the chemicals will be catastrophic to the residential houses and schools

Question 5 b
1. Overall, The risk assessment can be considered suitable and sufficient in terms of the
precautions proposed as most of the controls proposed are adequate apart from the fact
that they did not consider emptying the process tank and removing the toxic chemical
from it before doing the modifications. This control measure was not economically viable
as it would entail the shutdown of the process plant which was not possible due to
financial reasons.

2. The risk assessment can be considered suitable and sufficient as it considered mostly
administrative control measure which were most logical and other controls in hierarchy
were not practical and could not be considered for example elimination, substitution or
engineering controls were all not practical as we the organization and to keep the plant
operational.

3. The Control measures for establishing a safe system of work i.e., the Permit to work
can be considered suitable and sufficient as it would enable a detailed study of the work
activity and identifies the controls measure along with the personal protective equipment
that needs to be worn by the contractor employees.

4. Also the trainings and inductions were also identified in the risk assessment which
would give awareness of the hazards of the job to the contractor employees which is a
very important and effective control

5. In addition to the above supplementary emergency control measure were also

considered which would help in managing any unwanted incident such as release of toxic
material.

6. Overall the precautions can also be considered suitable and sufficient as the risk was
reduced from high category to low risk category which show that the risk has been to an

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0002-ENG-OBE-V1 Oct20 © NEBOSH 2020 page 6 of 10

 acceptable or tolerable level which is he aim of the risk assessment i.e., to reduce eh risk
to As low as reasonably practical (ALARP)

Task 6: Permit-to-work system

Question 6
1. High risk activity: The process modification is considered a high risk activity due to the
involvement of toxic chemical hence a PTW must be in place in order to manage this high
risk activity

2. To avoid conflicts: It is also important to have a Permit to work in place in order to

avoid any conflict of activities as their might be other works that need to be carried out on
the process plant hence this needs to be managed and the best tool to manage and
avoid conflicting acidities is a PTW.

3. External contractor engaged: The contractor working on the modifications is an

external contractor and may not be familiar with the safe working requirements of the
organization, the PTW will help enforce safe working methodologies that are required to
do the work safely

4. Provide clear written guidelines: A PTW is required for this job as it will provide clearly
defined and written guidelines and will avoid any kind of confusions in what controls
measure need to be put in place

5. Authorize or validate the work: A PTW is also necessary for this job in order to ensure
that no unauthorized work is carried out in the process plant as the plant contains toxic
comical which if released could have catastrophic consequences

6. Live & operational plant: The process plant is live and running and any kind of
modifications or work on a live plant or any live source must be controlled under a PTW
system it manage the risk adequately

7. Supervision of the works: The PTW will enable the organization to supervise this high
risk activity as they will be the issuing authority and they will be able to ensure that
adequate suppression is in place

8. Careful planning: The PTW is also needed for this job as this a critical job and needs
careful planning, the PTW will serve as a planning tool and help plan the job

9. Control Simultaneous Operations: As the plant is in operation so maintenance or

modification of the plant is an operation which will be done in parallel with the operations
of the plant and simultaneous operations can be very hazardous if not managed properly
the PTW will help manage SIMOPS

Task 7: Managing contractors

Question 7
1. PTW Implementation: the organization has decided to implement the permit to work
system which shall help effectively manage the contractor as all work will be authorized
by the organization and they can manage the contractor

2. Communication with Contractor: The Precautions listed on the permit to work have
been communicated to the contractor and it also mentions how the precautions will be
enforced. The organization will be carrying out active monitoring to ensure that the
contractor is following all the precaution listed.

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0002-ENG-OBE-V1 Oct20 © NEBOSH 2020 page 7 of 10

 3. Regular checks: In addition to the above the organization will be carrying out routine
plant checks to ensure plant safety and at the same time organization will check and
monitor the contractor on the progress of the modification of the plant

4. Regular supervision: The organization has assigned myself (process operator) and an
independent site contact to liaise and monitor the contractor whilst they are carrying out
their activities which will enable the organization to manage the contractor effectively

5. Site Entry & Exit Control: The independent contact who has been assigned by the
organization will also ensure that the entry and exit of the contractor employees is
adequately controlled.

6. Conflict/Query resolution: The independent contact has been assigned by the

organization to resolve any queries from the contractor and to ensure supervision
standard is up to the organizations expectations and contractor is supervised properly

7. Method statement: the contractor has provided a method statement to carry out the
activities which will enable the organization to review and monitor the contractors work
effectively

8. Monitoring Progress: The organization has assigned myself (Process operator) and the
independent site contact to check to see if the plant modification activities are being
controlled and the progress is in line with the planned arrangements

9. Active Monitoring: As per the scenario the compliance with precautions mentioned on
the PTW will be ensured through active monitoring which can be done by developing the
precautions into a checklist and will enable to manage the contractor work effectively

10. Inspections: I will be involved with the site contact to carry out regular inspections of
the contractors work and ensure that they are working as per the agreed arrangements

Task 8: Health and safety performance (management) review

Question 8
1. Objectives & Targets set for the year should be reviewed to determine if they were
achieved or not

2. The level of legal compliance should be reviewed in the annual management review as
the organization is legally complaint at the moment and management would like to keep it
this way

3. Recommendations / Actions from Previous Reviews should be reviewed to determine if

they were implemented or not and to determine their effectiveness

4. Findings from inspections are also a source of information which should be reviewed
so that management can gauge the level of compliance and take decision if required

5. Internal & External Audit findings are also a very important source of information as
they will provide Information on how effective the existing management system is and
what is the level of implantation

6. The previous year’s HSE performance reported should also be reviewed as they will
show how the organization is performing

7. Legal Notices/Enforcement actions received by the organization should also be review

in the management review to understand level legal compliance

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0002-ENG-OBE-V1 Oct20 © NEBOSH 2020 page 8 of 10

 8. Customer complaints are also an important piece of information which can help
management understand the level of customer satisfaction

9. Accident incident rates should be review such as LTI frequency rates, LTI severity rate
and incidence rates. These can be used in benchmarking.

10. Absence & Sickness data is also reviewed in annual review meeting as currently the
organization has very low sickness and absence rates

11. Latest developments & best practices which have been recently introduced in the
industry should be review as they will help keep the HSEMS & SOPs up to date

12. Result of consultation & participation is also an important information reviewed

annually which enable management to determine satisfaction of employees and gauge
their morale

13. Adequacy of existing policies and the effectiveness of existing policies is reviewed to
determine whether any changes are required to them

14. Actions for Improvement should also be proposed to the management so they can
make appropriate decisions in the management review

15. Monitoring data from active and reactive monitoring should also be reviewed to
enable management to make decisions

16. New objectives for the next years should also be proposed to the management and
agreed upon in the management review

17. Updates in legal requirements should also be reviews as they will help keep the
company up to date with legal changes

18. Results of health / medical surveillance as the workers of the plant are work with toxic
chemicals hence it is important to review health surveillance records and ensure there is
no adverse effect on their health

19. Training Summary should also be review to ensure that workers are being adequately
trained ad if any improvement is required.

20. Summary of Non Compliance Reports and the effectiveness of corrective actions
taken should also be reviewed

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Documents and course books,

sources of information HSG65 Managing for health and safety
you used in your Hse.gov.uk
examination
Oshad.ae
Ilo.org
Given Scenario

Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0002-ENG-OBE-V1 Oct20 © NEBOSH 2020 page 9 of 10

End of examination

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Examinations: Technical Learner Guide. All Open Book Examination guidance documents
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Answer sheet IG1_IGC1-0002-ENG-OBE-V1 Oct20 © NEBOSH 2020 page 10 of 10