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GAEA ZAVN]
GI]ZAB MA VGX/VGI/VGB FAX]I BIZQI
MAV^V^E ^E]^B GNGNE^DA ]^LIV GI]NGI]ABI MIVIZ
MAV^V^E
COND 0
ZAVBI AOGAIE]A
KA]ZA IGIOAI
XZCMA LAPA
KIB^O]IV ]NBEAB
Biti Xnelietir
Xu`a syubu
Xu`a yuburr big
biga pie`
pie`it
itbi
bie
e bn dima
dimari
ritt ]udi
]udie
e yiel
yiel gidiidi buis
buisii itis
itis ridg
ridgit
itey
eyi,
i,
ibdareyi
ibdareyi biga mipit gneynons
gneynonsiabie
iabie gi
gibioid
bioid ae
aea.
a. Gibioid
Gibioid aea masusue
masusue mioig rielbi gngneuda
gngneuda
tulis mira mcsne giti buoaid gitngitabi misir snrti snjilia ifuie uetub biga jnoi`ir. Mnelie
imieyi gibioid aea sngcli mipit gngjietu gne`noisbie jnjnripi gitnra tietiel GI]ZABV
yiel ibie majidis pimi gibioid yiel biga juit. Vastng pimi pcoi pneyi`aie gitnra ma mioig
gibioidaea
gibio idaea ma upiyibi
upiyibie
e gigpu gneue`iel
gneue`iel pnemnbi
pnemnbitie
tie prc
prcsns
sns jno
jnoi`ir.
i`ir. Biga gneyim
gneyimira
ira jidwi
gibioid aea gisad `iud mira sngpurei. Biga ibie sielit jnroipiel mimi mie jnrjnsir dita,
ipijaoi imi yiel jnrbneie gngjnrabie bratab snrti sirie uetub
pnrjiabie gneyngpureibie gibioid aea.
MIK]IZ AVA
Jij [ Xneutup
>.9 Bnsagpuoie........................................................................................................
>.: Virie…..............................................................................................................
Miktir Xustibi....................................................................................................................../
JIJ A
XNEMID^O^IE
I. OI]IZ JNOIBIEL
Xneyusueie
Xneyusueie gib
gibioi
ioid
d aea imi
imioid
oid snjili
snjiliaa syirit
syirit png
pngneud
neudie
ie tul
tulis
is git
gitngit
ngitabi
abi mis
misir.
ir.
Gitnra yiel majidis mioig gibioid aea gnoaputa bnlaitie pngjnoi`irie tnetiel GI]ZABV.
Mioig pngjidisie
pngjidisie gibioid aea biga ibie gne`n
gne`noisbi
oisbie
e gitnr
gitnraa yiel ibie majidis snfiri
snfiri `noi
`nois.
s.
Mioig bndamupie sndira-dira bati snrael jnrdimipie mnelie pnrscioie yiel ipijaoi bati tnousura
tnreyiti gnrupibie gisioid gitngitabi. Mnelie gnelujideyi bnmioig jidisi itiu pnrsigiie
gitngitabi gibi pnrscioie tnrsnjut onjad gumid masnonsiabie. ]ntipa tnrbimiel suitu pnrscioie
snrael bioa gnguit onjad mira situ firi uetub gnemipitbie disao ibdar.
Gitrabs, pimi misireyi gnrupibie suitu ioit itiu aestrugne yiel fubup igpud uetub
gngnfi
gngnfidbie
dbie pnrsci
pnrscioie
oie tnr
tnrsnj
snjut.
ut. Mne
Mnelie
lie gne
gnellue
llueibi
ibie
e gitrab
gitrabss gngumid
gngumidbie
bie bati
bati uet
uetub
ub
gngjuit ieioasi-ieioasi yiel gnefibup dujuelie tnetiel pnrdatuelie mioig gitrabs yiatu
pne`ugoidie, pnrbioaie, mntnrgaeie, triespcsn yiel ibie ma jidis mioig gibioid aea.
J. Z^G^VIE GIVIOID
Jnrmisirbie uriaie ma itis biga gnengubie pnrgisioidie snjilia jnrabut 0
9. Ip
Ipii pnel
pnelnr
nrttai
aie
e it
itiu
iu mnk
mnkaea
easa
sa git
itrrab
abss snr
snrti ji
jili
liag
agie
ieii pnel
pnelnr
nrta
taie
ie mnt
mntnrga
nrgaei
eie
e,
pne`ugoidie, pnrbioaie mie triespcsn pimi gitrabs3
:. Jili
Jiliagi
agiei
ei cp
cpnri
nrisa
sa pney
pneynon
nonsia
siaie
ie gi
gitra
trabs
bs mi
mie
e pnrgis
pnrgisioi
ioidie
die p
pimi
imi git
gitrab
rabs3
s3
F. ]^@^IE CJVNZ[IVA
M. GIEKII] CJVNZ[IVA
JIJ AA
OIEMIVIE ]NCZA
I. XN
XNEL
ELNZ
NZ]A
]AIE
IE GI]
GI]ZA
ZABV
BV
Gitrabs mioig
Gitrabs mioig git
gitngi
ngitab
tabii gnrupib
gnrupibie
ie bug
bugpuo
puoie
ie jaoieli
jaoielie,
e, sagjco
sagjco itiu
itiu nbs
nbsprn
prnsa
sa jnr
jnrjne
jnetub
tub
pnrsnla pie`iel yiel masusue gneurut jiras mie bcocg. Jaoielie-jaoielie yiel tnrmipit pimi
suitu gitrabs masnjut mnelie nongne itiu masnjut `uli iellcti mira suitu gitrabs. Fcetcd
gitrabs mnelie : jiras mie 6 bcocg yiatu snjilia jnrabut
J. CX
CXNZ
NZIV
IVAA MIVIZ
MIVIZ GI
GI]Z
]ZAB
ABV
V
Xne`ugoidie snrti pnelurielie mioig gitrabs dieyi mipit maoibubie ipijaoi bnmui gitrabs
gngpueyia uburie itiu tapn yiel sigi. Nongne-nongne mioig suitu gitrabs yiel ma`ugoidbie
itiu maburielie yiatu nongne
nongne yiel gngaoba pcsa
pcsasa/ontib
sa/ontib yiel sigi.
:. Xnrbioaie Vbioir
Xnrbioaie gitrabs maoibubie mnelie firi taip jiras mabioabie mnelie taip bcocg, snoie`uteyi
ma`ugoidbie pimi bcocg yiel sigi
mie
gibi
F. Git
Gitrab
rabss trie
triespc
spcsn
sn
Gitrabs tries
Gitrabs triespcsn
pcsn gnrupibie gitr
gitrabs
abs yiel gnelioiga pnrtubirie nongne mira bcocg
gne`ima jiras itiu snjioabeyi. Fcetcd 0
t
gibi gitrabs triespcsneyi (I ) imioid
M. Mntnrgaeie Vuitu Gitrabs
^etub gnenetubie mntnrgaeie mira suitu gitrabs mipit malueibie jnjnripi firi 0
^etub gnenetubie mntnrgaeie mira suitu gitrabs mipit malueibie jnjnripi firi 0
9. Ga
Gasi
sioe
oeyi
yi tnrm
tnrmip
ipit
it gitr
gitrab
abss yi
yiel
el jn
jnrc
rcrm
rmc
c :Ü:
:Ü: mi
mioi
oig
g gn
gnen
enet
etub
ubie
ie
mntnrgaeie
JIJ AAA
GN]CMN V^Z[NQ
I. ]NGXI]
]NGXI] MIE \IB]^
\IB]^ V
V^Z[
^Z[NQ
NQ
survny
survny mao
maoibub
ibubie
ie ma snbcoi
snbcoid
d VGX
VGX/VG
/VGI/V
I/VGB
GB FAX
FAX]I
]I BIZ
BIZQI,
QI, pim
pimii dir
diraa sij
sijtu,
tu,9=
9=
cbtcjnr :89<.
J. V^
V^J@
J@NB
NB V^Z[
V^Z[NQ
NQ
9. Mcsne
:. Luru
6. Gidisaswi
=. Vasw
Vaswi/
i/sa
sasswi
F. ]NBEAB
]NBEAB XNE
XNELIG
LIGJAOI
JAOIE
E MI]I
MI]I
:. Buasacenr
Biga gngjnra snmabat gitnra tnetiel cpnrisa gitrabs yiel ibie biga u`abie, mie
gngjnrabie scio yiel tnoid biga bugpuo uetub mau`abie bnpimi saswi/saswa sgb
bnois ax .
9:
9. Disao Bioa h R W 9:6
=>;
h 6 = imioid .....
RW
>;
:. ]ne
]netub
tubieo
ieoid
id mn
mntnr
tnrgae
gaeie
ie mira
mira gitra
gitrabs
bs 0
R W
9 : =
I) X7 : 6 √9
= > 6
R W
: = ;
J) Y7 6 9 <
9 > 1
6. . Gitraa
Gitraabs
bs X mie Y snj
snjili
iliaa jnr
jnrabu
abut0
t0
X
R W
9
6
:
=
Y
R W
i
j
x
y
]netubie XY !
=. `abi
`abi git
gitra
rabs
bs I
R W R W
9
6
:
=
J
9
8
9
9
mie F
R W
:
6
>
<
gibi Mnt (IJ + F) 7 ...
R W R W
√4 6 8 9 :6
>. `abi
`abi gi
gittrabs I :
rabs 8 =J =>;
= √= 8 <4 1
]netubieoid 0
I. I] mie J]
J. ( IJ)]
F. ( I+J )]
JIJ A[
I. Ligj
Ligjirie
irie Disao
Disao C
Cjsnr
jsnrvisa
visa
6
= ViazriidBI
O diyruueemaisiE
d aelrug :
: 6
6
> Iemrn = 9
; Eur Dioazid 8 >
< Bdircous Vagjcoce 6 :
4 Gudiggim Zikab ]ie`uel : 6
1
98
J. XN
XNGJ
GJID
IDIV
IVIE
IE
Xngjidisie mira scio yiel mau`abie snjilia jnrabut 2
R WR W
9:
9:6
9. Disao Bioa h h 6 = imioid .....
=>;
>;
Xngjidisie 0
R WR W
9:
9:6
=>;
h 6= 7
>;
R ( ) + : (6 ) + 6 ( > ) 9 ( : ) + : ( = ) + 6 ( ; )
9 9
= ( 9 ) + > ( 6 ) + ; ( >) = ( : ) + > ( = ) + ; ( ; ) W
7 ::
R W
:4
=1 ;=
R W
9 : =
i.) X 7 : 6 √9
= > 6
R W
: = ;
j.) Y 7 6 9 <
9 > 1
Xngjidisie 0
R W
9 : = 9 :
i.) |X| 7 : 6 √9 : 6
= > 6 = >
7 -9=
R W
: = ; : =
j.) |Y| 7 6 9 < 6 9
9 > 1 9 >
7 (:.9.1) + (=.<.9) + (;.6.>) ‖ (9.9.;) ‖ ( >.<.:) ‖ (1.6.=)
7 94 + :4 + 18 ‖ ; ‖ <8 ‖ 984
7 -=4
X
R W9
6
:
=
Y
R W
i
j
x
y
]netubie XY !
Xngjidisie0
X R W R W
9
6
:
=
Y
i
j
x
y
XY
R WR W
9
6
:
=
i
j
x
y
9. i + :. j 9. x + :. x
XY 6. i + =. j 6. x + =. y
R W
XY
R 9i +: j
6 i += j
9 x
+ : x
6 x + = y W
=. `abi gitrabs I
R W R W
9
6
:
=
J
9
8
9
9
mie F
R W
:
6
>
<
gibi Mnt (IJ + F) 7 ...
Xngjidisie0
9 : 9 9 : >
(IJ+F) 8 +
R WR W R W
6 = 9 6 <
R9 +8
6 +8W R W 9 +:
6 +=
+
:
6
>
<
R W R W
9
6
6
<
+
:
6
>
<
R W
6
; 9=
4
R W R W
√4 6 8 9 :6
>. `abi]ypnnqui
ypn nquita
tace
ce dnr
dnrnn . gitrabs I : 8 =J =>;
= √= 8 <4 1
]netubieoid 0
i. I] mie J]
j. ( IJ)]
f. ( I+J )]
Xneynonsiaie 0
i. I]
R W
√4 6 8
I :
8 =
= √= 8
√4 : =
R W
]
I 6 8√=
8 = 8
J]
R W
9 :6
J =>;
<4 1
R W
9=<
]
J :>4
6;1
j. ( IJ)]
R WR W
√4 6 8 9 :6
( IJ ) : 8 = =>;
= √= 8 < 41
R W
√ 4 +6 +8 √ ; + > + 8 √ := + 94 + 8
:+ 8 + :4 = + 8 + :4 ; + 8 + :4
=+ (√= ) + 8 = + (√= ) + 8 9: + (√= ) + 8
√> √9√ ;
68 6: 6=
R W
8 8 4
R W
√> 68 8
(IJ) ]
√9 6: 8
√; 6= 4
f. (I+J)]
R WR W
√4 6 8 9 :6
(I+J ) : 8 = + =>;
= √= 8 <4 1
R W R W
√< > 6 √< ; 99
; > 98 gibi(I+J )
]
> > √9:
99 √9: 1 6 98 1
9. Mir
Miraa scio ecgnr 9 cpnri
cpnrisa
sa gitrab
gitrabss pnrbio
pnrbioaie
aie , bnsuoa
bnsuoatie
tie itiu bnem
bnemioi
ioi gnr
gnrnbi
nbi yiat
yiatu
u
gnrnbi suoat gnelioabie ietiri jiras mie bcocg.
:. Mir
Miraa sci
scioo ecgnr : cpnrisa
cpnrisa mntn
mntnrga
rgaeie
eie gitr
gitrabs
abs , bnsuoa
bnsuoatie
tie gnrn
gnrnbi
bi yiatu snoi
snoiae
ae suoa
suoatt
gnelioabie jiras mnelie bcocg , gnrnbi suoat gne`ugoidbie mie gnelurielbie
jaoielie yiel jnreaoia enlitavn.
6. Mir
Miraa sci
scioo ecgnr
ecgnr 6 cpnris
cpnrisaa pnrbio
pnrbioaie
aie gitr
gitrabs
abs io`i
io`ijir
jir,, gnr
gnrnbi
nbi sumid jasi gnel
gnelioaioabie
bie
gntrafs yiel jnrcrmc :x: .
=. Mi
Mira
ra sc
scio
io ecgnr
ecgnr = cpnr
cpnris
isaa mntn
mntnrg
rgae
aeie
ie mi
mira
ra pn
pnrb
rbio
ioai
aie
e mi
mie
e pn
pne`
e`ug
ugoi
oidie
die gigitr
trab
abs,
s,
gnrnbii sumid pidig gnelneia
gnrnb gnelneia pne`ug
pne`ugoidie
oidie gitrabs eigue mioig pnrbioai
pnrbioaieeyi
eeyi
gnrnbi jnoug gngidiga jiliagiei gnelioabie jiras mie bcocg.
>. Mira sscio
cio ecgcr > cpnrisa
cpnrisa triespcsn
triespcsn pimi gitrab
gitrabs,
s, gnrn
gnrnbi bi gnelio
gnelioiga
iga bnsu
bnsuoati
oatie
e mioig
dio yiel sigi yiatu pnrbioaie gitrabs tntipa mioig cpnrisa triespcsn gnrnbi sumid
pidig.
JIJ [
XNE^]^X
I. BN
BNVA
VAGX
GX^O
^OIE
IE
Mira disao cjsnrvisa biga gneyagpuobie jidwi gisad jieyib saswi/saswa VGX/VGI/VGB
FAX]I
FAX]I BIZ
BIZQI
QI yiel jnoug
jnoug gngidi
gngidiga
ga cpn
cpnris
risaa misir
misir git
gitrab
rabs,
s, tnruti
tnrutigi
gi tne
tnetie
tiel
l pnr
pnrbio
bioaie
aie
gitrabs, tntipa ma pne`ugoidie gitrabs dieyi jnjnripi yiel jnoug gngidiga eyi, ma cpnrisa
triespcsn
triespcsn gitrabs `uli dieyi jnjnripi yiel sumid pidig mioig gnelli
gnellietabi
etabie
e bcocg gne`ima
jiras. Ma cpnrisa mntnrgaeie gnrnbi `uli sielit suoat gne`ugoidbie mig gnelurielbie
jaoielie mioig jnetub enlitavn mie pcsatak.
J. VIZIE
Mioig gneldatuel cpnrisa misir gitrabs gngjutudbie bntnoataie mioig
gnelioabie,gne`ugodbie mie gnelurielbie jaoielie-jaoielie pimi gitrabs, birnei `abi sioid
situ disao cpnrisa tnrsnjut sioid gibi disao ibdar mira cpnrisaeyi ibie sioid. Mngabaie gibioid
yiel biga juit sngcli jasi gne`ima pngjnoi`irie jila criel oiae mie bdususeyi uetub biga
pneuoas. Ipijaoi imi yiel sioid mioig pngjuitie gibioid aea biga gcdce giik birnei sncriel
gieusai tnroidar tamib sngpurei.
Miktir Xustibi