Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chương 6: VITAMIN
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
NỘI DUNG
6.1. Đại cương về vitamin;
6.2. Vitamin tan trong chất béo;
6.3. Vitamin tan trong nước;
6.4. Các antivitamin;
6.5. Ứng dụng vitamin;
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
SUY NGẪM VỀ
VITAMIN
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng, ĐT: 0936036051
1
11/16/2021
MỤC TIÊU:
1. Khái niệm vitamin;
2. Vai trò vitamin trong y học, dinh dưỡng học;
3. Phân loại vitamin;
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
2
11/16/2021
VITAMINS SOURCES
Retinoids: Eggs, shrimp, fish, cheese
Vitamin A (retinoids and
Carotene: sweet potatoes, carrots, spinach, turnip
carotene)
greens
NATURAL Biotin
Whole grains, organ meats, egg yolks, fish, and
many more foods
SOURCES Vitamin C (ascorbic acid)
Fruits (especially citrus), potatoes, broccoli, bell
peppers, spinach, tomatoes
Choline Dairy, liver, salmon, peanuts, and many more foods
Vitamin D (calciferol) Fortified milks and juices, fortified cereals, fatty fish
Vitamin E (alpha- Vegetable oils, salad dressings, leafy green
tocopherol) vegetables, whole grains, and many more foods
Fortified grains and cereals, asparagus, spinach,
Vitamin B9 (folic acid)
broccoli, turnip greens, legumes
VAI TRÒ
VITAMIN
TRONG Y
HỌC
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
PHÂN LOẠI
VITAMIN THEO
TÍNH TAN
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
3
11/16/2021
MỤC TIÊU:
1. Lịch sử từng vitamin
2. Vai trò sinh học của các vitamin;
3. Cơ chế tác dụng của vitamin
4. Bệnh lý liên quan tới vitamin
10
VITAMIN A
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
11
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
12
4
11/16/2021
Essential for
vision Lycopene
may lower
prostate cancer
risk.
Sources of
Keeps tissues and
RETINOIDS AND retinoids: beef
skin healthy.
CAROTENE (vita liver, eggs,
Plays an Many people get
min A; includes shrimp, fish,
important role in too much
retinol, retinal, M: 900 mcg fortified milk,
bone growth and preformed vitamin
retinyl esters, and (3,000 IU)W: 700 butter, cheddar
in the immune A from food and
retinoic acid and mcg (2,333 IU) cheese, Swiss
system. supplements.
are also referred Some 3,000 mcg cheese
Diets rich in the Large amounts of
to as "preformed" supplements (about 10,000 IU)
carotenoids alpha supplemental
vitamin A. report vitamin A in Sources of beta
carotene and vitamin A (but not
Beta carotene can international units carotene: sweet
lycopene seem to beta carotene)
easily be (IU's). potatoes, carrots,
lower lung cancer can be harmful to
converted to pumpkins,
risk. bones.
vitamin A as squash, spinach,
Carotenoids act
needed.) mangoes, turnip
as antioxidants.
greens
Foods rich in the
carotenoids lutein
and zeaxanthin
may protect
against cataracts
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
13
VITAMIN D (CANCIPHEROL)
The modern history of vitamin D began in the mid-1800s, when it was noticed that city
children were more likely to have rickets than rural children. Half a century later, Palm
reported that children raised in sunny climates virtually never developed rickets.
McCollum isolated vitamin D, and Windaus its precursors, receiving the Nobel Prize.
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
14
CƠ CHẾ TÁC
DỤNG CỦA
VITAMIN D
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng, ĐT: 0936036051
15
5
11/16/2021
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
16
VITAMIN K (PHILOQUINON)
Vitamin K was first discovered in the early 1930s by the Danish biochemist Henrik Dam
who observed – while studying cholesterol metabolism in chickens – that chicks fed with a
diet free of sterols and low in fat tended to develop subcutaneous and intramuscular
haemorrhages. Further studies on different foods led to the discovery of an "anti-
haemorraghic factor", which was designated vitamin K (with the "K" standing for
"Koagulations-Vitamin") given that it was essential for normal haemostasis
Resource: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3021393/
17
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng, ĐT: 0936036051
18
6
11/16/2021
Intestinal
bacteria
Activates make a form
proteins and Cabbage, of vitamin K
calcium liver, eggs, that accounts
essential to milk, for half your
PHYLLOQUINONE, blood spinach, requirements
M: 120 mcg,
MENADIONE
clotting. Not known broccoli, .
(vitamin K) W: 90 mcg
May help sprouts, kale, If you take
prevent hip collards, and an
fractures other green anticoagulant
(ngừa gãy vegetables , keep your
xương) vitamin K
intake
consistent.
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
19
VITAMIN E (Tocopherol)
Vitamin E was discovered by Evans and Bishop in 1922. Work in the 1930s revealed the
chemical structure and the biological function of alpha-tocopherol. In the 1940s Filer and
others demonstrated that vitamin E protects tissue unsaturated fatty acids against
oxidation. The 1940s and the 1950s marked the beginning of interest in the role of
vitamin E in infant nutrition.
Resource: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3300257/
20
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng, ĐT: 0936036051
21
7
11/16/2021
Acts as an
Wide variety of
antioxidant,
foods,
neutralizing
M: 15 mg, W: including
unstable
15 mg (15 mg vegetable oils,
molecules that
equals about 1,000 mg salad Vitamin E does
can damage
22 IU from (nearly 1,500 dressings and not prevent
ALPHA- cells. Protects
natural IU natural margarines wrinkles or
TOCOPHEROL vitamin A and
sources of vitamin E; made with slow other
(vitamin E) certain lipids
vitamin E and 2,200 IU vegetable oils, aging
from damage.
33 IU from synthetic) wheat germ, processes.
Diets rich in
synthetic leafy green
vitamin E may
vitamin E) vegetables,
help prevent
whole grains,
Alzheimer's
nuts
disease.
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
22
MỤC TIÊU:
1. Lịch sử từng vitamin
2. Vai trò sinh học của các vitamin;
3. Dạng hoạt động của vitamin (coenzyme hoặc hormone)
4. Bệnh lý liên quan tới vitamin
23
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
24
8
11/16/2021
VITAMIN B1
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
25
VITAMIN B1
Helps
convert
food into Pork
energy. chops,
Needed brown rice, Most
THIAMIN for healthy ham, nutritious
M: 1.2 mg,
(vitamin skin, hair, Not known soymilk, foods have
W: 1.1 mg
B1 ) muscles, watermelo some
and brain ns, thiamin.
and is acorn
critical for squash
nerve
function.
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
26
VITAMIN B2
Vitamin B2 còn được gọi là Riboflavin, một
vitamin nhóm B tan trong nước.
Cơ chế tác dụng vitamin B2 được biến đổi
thành 2 co-enzym hoạt động cần cho sự hô
hấp của mô là FMN (flavin mononucleotid)
và FAD (flavin adenin dinucleotid).
Vitamin B2 hiện diện trong hầu hết các tế bào
của cơ thể.
Ở trạng thái tự nhiên, vitamin B2 là những
tinh thể màu vàng, không mùi, có vị đắng,
hòa tan trong nước, tương đối chịu nhiệt
nhưng dễ bị ánh sáng phân hủy;
Khi cơ thể thiếu vitamin B2 sẽ gây ra những
tổn thương đến da, niêm mạc và cơ quan thị
giác.
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
27
9
11/16/2021
VITAMIN B2
Vitamin B2 (riboflavin) had been discovered in 1922 by Richard Kuhn (1900–1967)
in Germany and Theodor Wagner-Jauregg (1903–1992) in Austria. The compound
was isolated in 1933 by Kuhn and Paul György (1893–1976) in Germany. Kuhn
also developed a synthetic route to riboflavin which was licensed to the German
company I. G. Farben
Milk, eggs,
yogurt,
Helps
cheese,
convert
meats, Most
food into
green Americans
RIBOFLA energy.
M: 1.3 mg, leafy get
VIN (vitami Needed Not known
W: 1.1 mg vegetables enough of
n B2 ) for healthy
, whole this
skin, hair,
and nutrient.
blood, and
enriched
brain (não)
grains and
cereals.
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
28
VITAMIN PP (B3)
Nicotinic acid and nicotinamide, collectively
referred to as niacin, are nutritional precursors
of the bioactive molecules nicotinamide
adenine dinucleotide (NAD) and
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate
(NADP). NIACIN
NAD and NADP are important cofactors for
metabolism
NAD also serves as a cosubstrate for a large
number of ADP-ribosylation enzymes with
varied functions
Tinh thể màu trắng
Phòng ngừa bệnh prevent pellagra - PP;
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
29
VITAMIN B3
Pellagra was first described for its dermatological effect in Spain in 1735 by Gaspar
Casal. He explained that the disease causes dermatitis in exposed skin areas such
as hands, feet and neck and that the origin of the disease is poor diet and
atmospheric influences
Niacin
Helps Meat, occurs
convert poultry, naturally in
food into fish, food and
energy. fortified can also
NIACIN (vi
Essential and whole be made
tamin B3, M: 16 mg,
for healthy 35 mg grains, by your
nicotinic W: 14 mg
skin, blood mushroom body from
acid)
cells, s, the amino
brain, and potatoes, acid
nervous peanut tryptophan
system butter , with the
help of B6.
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
30
10
11/16/2021
VITAMIN B5
Its name is derived from the Greek
pantothen which means “from
everywhere.”
Pantothenic acid, a component of
coenzyme A; PANTOTHENIC ACID
Coenzyme A is also used as a means of
transporting carbon atoms within the cell
by catalyzing the production of acetyl-
CoA.
Giúp da, tóc và mắt khỏe mạnh; duy trì
chức năng hoạt động của hệ thần kinh,
gan và đường tiêu hóa; tạo ra các tế
bào hồng cầu, mang oxy đi khắp cơ thể;
cũng như hỗ trợ các hormone ở tuyến
thượng thận.
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
31
VITAMIN B5
In the severely malnourished World War II prisoners of the Philippines, Burma, and
Japan, painful burning sensations in the feet were improved with administration of
pantothenic acid (Bibile et al., 1957).
The synthesis of vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) followed, reported by Merck in 1940.
Wide variety
Helps
of nutritious
convert food
foods,
into energy.
including Deficiency
Helps make
PANTOTHE chicken, egg causes
lipids (fats),
NIC M: 5 mg, W: yolk, whole burning feet
neurotransm Not known
ACID (vitami 5 mg grains, and other
itters,
n B5) broccoli, neurologic
steroid
mushrooms, symptoms.
hormones,
avocados,
and
tomato
hemoglobin
products
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
32
VITAMIN B6
Vitamin B6 thường có sẵn trong thức ăn
và không cần uống thêm. Tuy nhiên,
vitamin B6 được dùng trong dự phòng
bệnh đa dây thần kinh và điều trị lao.
Ngoài ra, thừa hoặc thiếu vitamin B6
cũng đều dẫn tới bệnh đa dây thần kinh.
Vitamin B6 (pyridoxine) was discovered
in 1934 by György and colleagues, and
the active compound was first isolated
by Samuel Lepovsky (1901–1984) of
the University of California, Berkeley,
in 1938.
Folkers and his Merck colleague
Stanton Harris (1902–1992) determined
the structure of pyridoxine in 1939,
simultaneously with Kuhn in Germany.
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
33
11
11/16/2021
VITAMIN B6
Aids in lowering
homocysteine
levels and may
reduce the risk
of heart disease
Helps convert Meat, fish,
tryptophan to poultry,
niacin and 31–50 years legumes, tofu
PYRIDOXINE (
serotonin, a old: M: 1.3 mg, and other soy Many people
vitamin B6,
neurotransmitte W: 1.3 mg; 51+ products, don't get
pyridoxal, 100 mg
r that plays key years old: M: potatoes, enough of this
pyridoxine,
roles in sleep, 1.7 mg, W: 1.5 noncitrus fruits nutrient.
pyridoxamine)
appetite, and mg such as
moods. Helps bananas and
make red blood watermelons
cells Influences
cognitive
abilities and
immune
function
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
34
VITAMIN C
Ascorbic means “against scurvy,”
Ascorbic acid is most importantly
needed as an enzymatic cofactor in the
synthesis of collagen
The symptoms of scurvy result from the
ASCORBIC ACID
breakdown of tissues dependent on
collagen.
The signs of the disease are caused by
alteration of the extracellular matrix in
the blood vessels, bones, skin, gums,
and tendons, which result in skin
lesions, hemorrhages, and fragile bone
(Fain, 2005).
BỆNH SCORBUT
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
35
VITAMIN C
Foods rich in vitamin C may
lower the risk for some
cancers, including those of the
mouth, esophagus, stomach, Fruits and fruit
and breast. Long-term use of juices
Evidence
supplemental vitamin C may (especially
that
protect against cataracts. citrus),
M: 90 mg, vitamin C
Helps make collagen, a potatoes,
ASCORBIC W: 75 helps
connective tissue that knits 2,00 broccoli, bell
ACID (vitamin mg Smoke reduce
together wounds and supports 0 mg peppers,
C) rs: Add 35 colds has
blood vessel walls. Helps spinach,
mg not been
make the neurotransmitters strawberries,
convincin
serotonin and norepinephrine tomatoes,
g.
Acts as an antioxidant, Brussels
neutralizing unstable sprouts
molecules that can damage
cells. Bolsters the immune
system
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
36
12
11/16/2021
VITAMIN B12
The discovery of vitamin B(12), the
elucidation of its role in metabolism, and
the effects and treatment of its deficiency
occurred in distinct phases over more than
100 years, and it was the subject of two
separate Nobel Prizes.
The valuable contribution of clinical reports
and studies of patients with pernicious
anemia throughout the 19th century
resulted in enough clinical definition to
allow Minot and Murphy to put together
the first hallmark study on treatment of the
condition, leading them to a Nobel Prize.
The vitamin was isolated by two groups
simultaneously and was crystallized and
characterized in the laboratory of Dorothy
Hodgkin, contributing to her Nobel Prize in
1964.
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
37
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
38
VITAMIN B12
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
39
13
11/16/2021
VITAMIN H
Còn được gọi là vitamin H hay biotin
giúp cơ thể chuyển đổi thức ăn thành
năng lượng.
Từ “biotin” có nguồn gốc từ tiếng Hy
Lạp cổ đại, nghĩa là “cuộc sống” hoặc
“chất bổ dưỡng”. Biotin giúp giữ cho da,
tóc, mắt, gan và hệ thần kinh của bạn
khỏe mạnh.
Hầu hết mọi người đều nhận đủ
lượng vitamin H cần thiết từ chế độ ăn
uống lành mạnh.
Nhiều chuyên gia cho biết bổ sung thêm
biotin có thể điều chỉnh lượng đường
trong máu, kích thích mọc tóc, thúc đẩy
làn da và móng khỏe mạnh, cũng như
giúp các bà mẹ mang thai sinh con khỏe
mạnh hơn.
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
40
VITAMIN H
Vitamin H, or biotin, was discovered by Vincent du Vigneaud and his colleagues in 1942.
They noticed that when farm animals were fed raw eggs, they developed a biotin deficiency.
Avidin, a protein in raw eggs, binds to biotin and inhibits its enzymatic activity. Biotin binds
to the active site of pyruvate carboxylase, which promotes the formation of glucose.
Helps convert
food into Many
Some is made
energy and foods,
by bacteria in
synthesize including
the
glucose. whole
gastrointestinal
Helps make M: 30 mcg, Not grains,
BIOTIN tract. However,
and break W: 30 mcg known organ
it's not clear
down some meats,
how much of
fatty acids. egg yolks,
this the body
Needed for soybeans,
absorbs.
healthy bones and fish
and hair
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
41
VITAMIN B9
42
14
11/16/2021
VITAMIN B9
Folate and its role in human biochemical functioning was first identified by
researcher Lucy Wills in 1931. She found that the nutrient was needed to
prevent anemia during pregnancy. Dr. Wills demonstrated that anemia could be
reversed with brewer's yeast
Vital for new cell creation
Helps prevent brain and
spine birth defects when
Fortified grains
taken early in pregnancy;
and cereals, Many people don't get
should be taken regularly by
asparagus, okra, enough of this nutrient.
all women of child-bearing
spinach, turnip Occasionally, folic acid
FOLIC age since women may not
greens, masks a B12 deficiency,
ACID (vitam know they are pregnant in M: 400 mcg,
1,000 mcg broccoli, which can lead to severe
in B9, folate, the first weeks of pregnancy. W: 400 mcg
legumes like neurological complications.
folacin) Can lower levels of
black-eyed peas That's not a reason to avoid
homocysteine and may
and chickpeas, folic acid; just be sure to get
reduce heart disease risk
orange juice, enough B12.
May reduce risk for colon
tomato juice
cancer. Offsets breast cancer
risk among women who
consume alcohol
Resource: https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/listing_of_vitamins
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
43
VITAMIN P
Vitamin P bao gồm phần lớn là những
sắc tố trong thực vật góp phần làm cho
các loại rau quả thêm hấp dẫn bởi vẻ
muôn màu, muôn sắc của chúng. Các
flavonoid bao gồm: flavon, flavonol và
isoflavon: là nhóm chất chống oxy hóa
nguồn gốc thực vật có tác dụng chống Albert Szent-Györgyi
ung thư.
vitamin P còn có tác dụng phòng chống Albert Szent-Györgyi, a Hungarian
biochemist, discovered vitamin C and
ung thư và tác hại của tia X, giảm nguy
rutin (vitamin P). The role of these
cơ bệnh tim mạch và các tác hại của gốc vitamins in the body and their
tự do. application to dermatology is vast. For
Khi thiếu vitamin P trong thức ăn, tính the discovery of vitamin C and the
thấm của mao quản tăng lên, dễ xuất description of oxidation, Albert Szent-
huyết bất thường, mệt mỏi nhanh. Györgyi received a Nobel Prize in
medicine in 1937.
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
44
Vitamin tan trong nước Nhu cầu trung bình 1 Coenzyme tương ứng
ngày, mg
B1 (Thiamin) 2-3 TDP
B2 (Riboflavin) 1,8-2,6 FAD, FMN
PP/B3 (Acid nicotinic,
nicotinamid, niacin) 15-25 NAD, NADP
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
45
15
11/16/2021
46
47
ANTI-VITAMIN FACTORS
Anti-vitamin factors
Description Anti-vitamin factors are a group of compounds having an anti-vitamin
activity. They include (Tacon, 1997):
- Anti-vitamin A destroys carotene – phá hủy caroten
- Anti-vitamin D interferes with calcium and phosphorus absorption – cản trở hấp
thu;
- Anti-vitamin E causes liver necrosis (hoại tử) and muscular dystrophy – rối loạn
- Anti-thiamine factor (thiaminase) causes deficiencies in vitamin B1 - gây thiếu
B1
- Anti-pyridoxine
- Anti-vitamin B12
Treatment: They are heat-labile and are readily destroyed by heat treatment. Some
of them can also be removed by water extraction (Tacon, 1997 – Francis et al.,
2001).
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
48
16
11/16/2021
49
Bảng 5.3: Một số bệnh thường gặp do thiếu vitamin (Spirichevy, 2001)
NGUYÊN NHÂN
STT BIỂU HIỆN BỆNH (AVITMINOSIS)
DO THIẾU VITAMIN
1 Da, niêm mạc xanh xao C, B12, PP, Bc, Biotin, A
2 Khô da C, B6, Biotin, A
3 Bong tróc da B2, B6, Biotin, A
4 Phát ban (mụn đầu đen, nhọt) B6, PP, A
5 Xuất huyết C, E, K
6 Các bệnh về tóc (tóc khô, rụng tóc, gàu, bạc B6, Biotin, A
tóc)
7 Viêm kết mạc B2, B6, A
8 Quáng gà, chứng sợ ánh sáng A, B2
9 Bệnh viêm môi (bệnh cheylosis) B2, B6, PP
10 Lở miệng B2, B6
11 Phì đại đầu lưỡi B2, B6, PP
12 Viêm lưỡi (lở lưỡi) B2, B6, B12, PP, Biotin, Bc
50
Biên soạn: TS. Bùi Xuân Đông - Trường ĐH Bách khoa Đà Nẵng,
ĐT: 0936036051
51
17