Matter

 Anything that has mass and occupies space

 Made up of Elements and Compounds

States of Matter
 Solid
 Hard Molecules packed together
*In other words high density sya or sobrang dikit dikit sila
 Holds their own shape
*May set shape na sya mismo tas di nag iiba shape masyado kung hindi sya
gagalawin
 Atoms of a solid doesn’t move much however they do vibrate
*Pwede mag vibrate ung atoms nung solid pero di sya gagalaw ng Malaya or
madali
 Liquid
 High-Medium Density
*Mejo spread apart ung atoms nya compared sa solid
 Undefinite shape
*Wala sya definite shape dahil kinukuha nya lang ung shape nya sa container
from the buttom up
 Fluid
*Pwede gumalaw molecules nya unlike solids at depende sa viscosity yung speed
 Gas
 Low Density
*Sobrang spread apart ng molecules nya
 Undefinite Shape
*Unlike sa liquids eto naman ung shape talaga mismo ng container kasi ung
molecules nya mag sprespread ean sa bawat sulok ng container di tulad sa liquid
na depende sa dami ng liquid ung maabot na shape
 Fluid
*Pwede gumalaw ng Malaya ung molecules
 Plasma (ADVANCE WARNING)
*Pwede mo sya isipin as SUPERHEATED MATTER dahil pag pina init ng sobra ang gas to
the point na natatangal na electrons nung atom na eon kaya nafoform ionized gas which
is plasma inshort gas na mainit ang plasma
 Bose-Einstein Condesate (BEC) (ADVANCE WARNING)
*Kung Plasma superheated matter, eto naman super cooled matter since nafoform lang
sya pag yung mga gas of bosons pinalamig ng sobra (near absolute zero) tas nag dikit
dikit ung molecules/ in short specific na gas na sobrang malamig ang BEC
SUMMARY FOR STATES OF MATTER

Properties of Matter
 Physical
*Observable using our senses
 Intensive
 *Hinde dependent on the amount of matter present
 Color
 Melting Point
 Density
 Solubility
 Conductivity
 Malleability
 Luster
 Viscosity
 Boiling Point
 Temperature
 Odor
 Extensive
*Dependent on the amount of matter present
 Mass
 Volume
 Length

 Chemical
*Need tools para macheck
*If it has something to do with the change of composition of the matter
 Combustibility
*Ability to go EXPLOSIONNN!!!!
 Stability
*Ability to decompose easily/mabulok ng mabilis
 Reactivity
*Ability to react with acids, bases, oxygen and gasses or not
 Relative Family
*More active or not sa mga kasama sa chemical family nya
 Ionization
*Kung masisira ba ito into charged particles in solution or water
 Toxicity
*Kung nakakasama ito sa organisms or ppl

Classifications of Matter
 Pure Substances
*One type of substance only/ walang halo ibang substance
  Element
*One type of atom
 Compound
*More than 1 type of atom
 Mixture
*More than 1 type of substance / may halo
 Homogenous
*The substance is uniform in appearance and cannot be separated using
hands
 Heterogenous
*The substance is not uniform in appearance and can be separated easily
Suspension – particles are scattered throughout
Colloid - particles are scattered throughout
Tyndal effect

Particles Composing Matter

 Atom
*Smallest unit of matter
 Molecules
*Groups of two or more atoms
 Ions
 *Particles that gained or lost valence electrons

Separation Method of Mixtures

 Filtration
 *Filtration is a physical or chemical separation process that separates solid
matter and fluid from a mixture using a filter medium that has a complex
structure through which only the fluid can pass.
 Decantation
*Wait for solid particles to settle down and then the liquid is drained into
another container
 Evaporation
*Convert liquids to gas
 Distillation
*heats up homogenous mixtures that are made up of different liquids with
different boiling point
 Magnetic Separation
*use magnet
 Melting
*solid to liquid
 Chromatography
*ink in a paper with the end of the paper being submerged into water and letting
the ink run
 Sieving
*used when we have large quantities of materials to sort and involves different
particle sizes
 Centrifugation
*spin mixture so fast they separate and takes advantage of density and size
 Crystallization
*starts by dissolving the solute in a solvent which is partially soluble
 Sublimation
*starts by dissolving the solute in a solvent which is partially soluble, turning and
solid to gas