STRUCTURAL SYSTEM II

CE 3503

FORCE ANALYSIS METHOD

THE DOUBLE INTEGRATION METHOD
 CONJUGATE BEAM METHOD

Theorem 1
The slope at a point in the real beam is numerically equal to the shear at the
corresponding point in the conjugate beam

Theorem 2
The disp. of a point in the real beam is numerically equal to the moment at the
corresponding point in the conjugate beam
INTERNAL ENERGY
VIRTUAL WORK PRINCIPLE
 FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS

When analyzing any indeterminate structure, it is necessary to sa>sfy

•  Principle of superposi>on
•  Compa>bility equa>ons
•  Equilibrium equa>ons
 FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS

When analyzing any indeterminate structure, it is necessary to sa>sfy

•  Principle of superposi>on
•  Determine the number of degrees n to which the structure is
indeterminate.
•  Specify the n unknown redundant forces or moments that must
be removed from the structure in order to make it sta>cally
determinate and stable.
•  Show the indeterminate structure to be equal to a series of
corresponding sta>cally determinate structures.
•  Compa>bility equa>ons
•  Equilibrium equa>ons
 FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS

When analyzing any indeterminate structure, it is necessary to sa>sfy

•  Principle of superposi>on
•  Compa>bility equa>ons
•  Write a compa>bility equa>on for displacement and rota>on at
each point where there is a redundant force or moment.
•  Determine all the deflec>ons and rota>ons.
•  Solve the compa>bility equa>ons for unknown redundants.
0 = θ A + M Aα AA + M Bα AB eqn (1)

0 = θ B + M Aα BA + M Bα BB eqn (2)

•  Equilibrium equa>ons
 FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS

When analyzing any indeterminate structure, it is necessary to sa>sfy

•  Principle of superposi>on
•  Compa>bility equa>ons
•  Write a compa>bility equa>on for displacement and rota>on at
each point where there is a redundant force or moment.
•  Determine all the deflec>ons and rota>ons.
•  Solve the compa>bility equa>ons for unknown redundants.
0 = θ A + M Aα AA + M Bα AB eqn (1)

0 = θ B + M Aα BA + M Bα BB eqn (2)

•  Equilibrium equa>ons
 FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS

0 = −Δ B + Δ' BB
Δ' BB = B y f BB

Δ ' BB = upward disp at B

B y = unknown reaction at B
f BB = linear flexibility coefficient

sub second eqn into first eqn, we get :

0 = −Δ B + B y f BB
FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS
FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS
 FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS

When analyzing any indeterminate structure, it is necessary to sa>sfy

•  Principle of superposi>on
•  Compa>bility equa>ons
•  Equilibrium equa>ons
•  Draw a free-body diagram of the structure.
•  AJer the calcula>on of redundant forces and/or moments,
remaining unknown reac>ons can be determined from the
equa>ons of equilibrium.
FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS
FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS
 FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS

•  If M/EI diagram for a beam simple segments, moment-area

theorems or the conjugate-beam method be used.

•  Beams with complicated M/EI diagram (parabolic, cubic…etc) can
be analyzed using the method of virtual work or Cas>gliona’s
theorem.
 PS- FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS

①  Determine the reactions at the supports, draw the shear and moment
diagrams.
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 PS- FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS
2-Determine the reactions at A and C
PS- FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS
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 FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS-TRUSS

3-Determine the force at AC member

 FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS-TRUSS

•  Principle of superposi>on
¡  The truss is indeterminate to the first degree

¡  Member AC will be chosen as the redundant

FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS-TRUSS

n  Compa>bility eqn
¡  Rela>ve disp Δ AC
which occurs at the
ends of the cut
member AC due to
the 2kN load plus
the rela>ve disp
FACδAC caused by the
r e d u n d a n t f o r c e
ac>ng alone to be
equal to 0

0 = Δ AC + FAC δf AC
FORCE METHOD OF ANALYSIS-TRUSS

nNL 16.8
Δ AC =∑ =−
AE AE

n 2 L 10.37
δf AC =∑ =
AE AE

16.8 10.37
0=− + FAC
AE AE
FAC = 1.62kN (T )