ENVIRONMENAL CHEMISTRy

Dfgtacdable pallutantc Discatded yegefable

Slculy Ocgtadabje. DOT plastHc mateials
heavy metal SNuleat uastt ttt-

Irepasphet 2 The l o ut egion6fataOSphere 0

uhicb tHe humaD being lana with Other or0anismDs
iue is caled ttoposphere
Lo_km
entende upta the igh
fho m Sea 1evel-
cloud ftmation turbulen

StHatosphere Abaye the thoposphetehetuieeD laand

S km abaurSea teuel
Contains dinitrgoen dioxLgen iZan
Ihe pEESeDC Of 0zane inStHatOSphetE pEEVEDL

Tropospheni poilution

Oxide Of SUIpbur-S02 i s agas Ahat ir pciseneue

to both aninals and plant2

oO CoDcentHaHan of SuIphut dionide caus
Asthomabtanchitis emphysema iritation to eyy

2High cencenHrationof[eadg StiffDess af flaues

bud
(02S0 +02 2SC 99-
SO2 H 0 HasC4 Laa
oxides 0f Nitrogen NO2 is aridised to
U.
Ditrate lan N0 i t Sevu as a fertilizet )_

1483CK). 2 NOLg-
N2 +02 9)

NO t 02- 2 NO2 8)

(3) N0 19) 0 N02+02

Highe CopceDttatian_of N02 damage the jeave

Of plants
N0g i s a ung ithitant
and
t iC also hatmfLl f o uariausteXEilutibtu
Metal1s.

Hydrocatbong formed by_incemplete.

Cumbutian of fuls
(tludtocarbans are carcinogenic The cause

Cncet

Oxides of Catbon
Carban Monoxi.des Co ic tHe most SetiouuS
Qir puit utants
colourless bdouHess gas
1 t block tHe deliyey of oxygEN to +he okgang

Souce2 combustionOE Catban Calfitti0odpeto

pinds ta haemaglobin tafaEM_cabony
baem9lobin
headatheuea eysiabtNtHNaunu and
Catdiauaseulat_ disatder
etc
 Carban dioxide co2 releasedby rtuPitation
burnin9 of fassi fulcifor enetgYdtcampositicn
Of i mestone duHng olcanie êIEptian-

The ncreased agmountcf cO2 in air is

mainlyrspansible for alabal Loatmira

labal_waming
J
ond areenhouse effectS
AbaLIt s : of Ahe sala eneroyeachingtht eoHh-
is_abgatbedby the eath Sutface abiuh incHeaRes
itisttmperOturt

Someof-the heatis ttapped bY gases Sucha

CO Methane ozane CFCs Ond ater yapcur etc,
This causes Qlobal watming_

f+he Qmaunt dE Con crOSSes the delicate

propAtion of oa3 the atial greenh1te halanee
Ma aet dictLurbcd

qreen heuse gaeico methane wattr uapat

02cfCc ad or0NF CHt
CECc Damaging zone laye

Acid eair
PH Malur of nomal tain Later - 5:6

2 When the pH Of Ahe rain

u a t e r dtops belao S:6
lt is called q.cid tain
 SO and NO2 areresponcible

aS0 02 HO HSO04 dq
4 NOo t 0 2 t 2Ha0 4 HN0 a4)-

Acid ain iç batMfyl fot agricultuhetteec and

plants
Corodeswater pipesi EtSul ting i n thi leathing

OFLton. Lead coppot in_drinking watt

A d rains damage huildings madtof ston.e ar
metas
The TaLmabal has been affected by acid rain

Cacog+HS04

SmoA T h e LWOrd Smoq 1s deived from-

SmoKeand f09
(1)classical Smog OcCLIS LD_COal bumid climatE
ixtuYe of SMOKe fag and
S02
1 is also called a s
edUung SMog

se ( photochemical Smag OcCur iDWArM Ldy

Cnd SunNy CliamAt e
Sunliqht LUNSOHurated hydtacatbon NO
oxidicing Smeg
NOn19). h NO O C8)

0+00 -

NO t 03-
N00+024
02one 1S_a t0xic 90S OdDOtb_NO2 ADd 03-
Ate_Sttang oxidicinq agenK-

23CH4 t203 3 CH=0 H90

foroldehyde
PAN_ petOXLacetsl Nitate

COmnan coDpOnEDts 0zODE LitHic OXide ackolein

fOImaLde hyde and PAN
HAtM cauce headache chet paung dtynecr ofE
thtOatES co tEO sian af me talg Ctac kinq of ubbe

GtYOtospheic polion
Ozane ptabett UC fro hatmfu ulttavicte radiatian

cOuse SKin cOncc melanoma)

02 uV L4)+08)
UV
O19 02

2one ic Ahttmodybamicailu unAtablu:

CfCç fteanc) ic the main reacon bf 0zonne
1auer depietions uCd in Eeftiqetatais AC

Uv cfacla
Ct clo
2 lo_+ 02
Co +_O

Effe cti Skin cadre cataract Sundun

 Causeg f water poilutior
SeriousLuaterpollutaDtS-
pathogens The mast
a t e t h e disease Causing aQeDEE CaliedpathaqeN

DahagensLngude bac}eHa a n d otder OkqanisM

HuMaN batte ria Suth ai

excreta_ContaiD
fascalil
ESChe ticha cali and SHe sP taccLL

rgonic wasteg Such as eaveS 910SS

in Cald a t t r Dissotyed oxygen Do) C a n

DO n uater ic yey impattanEfaraquaHC

ife
f_concenttatien of DO Of uaeic belao Spp.m-
the aaLIth OE fichAt 10dibtea-

Biochemicat oxygen_gemand (8od) >Theamount

Of OXyAEDequitecd by balttria to bteak doun

O f aSample: of uatet

clean watEr wauid haue OD Value lecctban

SPp
Hiqblu palleutG ater could pae_AoD yalue
 iDtersationa Standards for drinking waier

Ofuoride > IEs deiciency ndinking uatet ic

Namfu t0 MaN and cauuse tooth deouy
beLpPM
ConceNtratian ofE fLUOtide inNaftELhoLd

Ih f i o n s n a K e tbe enam.ei an teeth MLuch_

harder(fLuetapatite[3lcagtpO4)2 cafa1

2 f ian caDcenttatian abaVE 9ppM caLSeA hraton-

MaHling af £t tth
EXCe S_fLLAELde_ o ppm caLLSeS harm fui effeu

Lead The presctibed upper timi Concenttatian

afeadindinking Luate ic abalt 5Oppb
Lead can damage () ridney
01)ivEL(uU)_reprOductive Ayktem

gutphote EXcessiue sulphate-t mert thcLn S00ppm

n drinking maler cauces 1aNative efftCt

Nittate 2 he Madimum limitof nittatt iD dinking-

ate JSSbppm.

fe
MD
AL
0

OOS
The ptesernce of Salubie fLuOide 1onupto |Ppm
ConceDttatian n dinking ua4tr is
CA SAfe f a 4eeth
( harmfIL to Skin

hakMf UL_to boDeS

Ie Candition that indicates a polluted enviraDMen

A 0 0 uaue of 5Pem-
La EuHTOPhicatian

EUHtOphicaiah D EutLophicatian nuttitAEenHthe

LOaEEr badie_Suppott a ence plantpapujahion
Lubich kii1g animal iifeby_dephivino it af
Onygen and Fuultc io Ubiquent JOs of biadivtiity

(A)Theprocesc of calcinatian and realting in metal

urgica Jnductie resptthvelsCan Rad to
(A)G1cbalwatming and phatochemical cmoq
phdtochemical mog andazone lauer depieiar
C_photochemical smeg and glo bai watming
0 1o balOaning anod aud Rain

ccinaOn CO lobal uatmlng

R.oating rltau c0q atid tain
 Match th follmoiD-

aSnoke-
(1 Oam
) elL fuid

(iijAeroco c) elli
v) EMultian d_Fubder
(e) ftoth
(E milK

i=_c ( i -a ((V)_
An (i= e
$dapathtr
faan fr0th d ipptd Cream
Cheece bUtte lli

EMultian mHL

incAttect CAOtemeDtc egading acid tan ic

L Ibe
i can Cottode uate pipe
a
Can Aama0e CtHULHUEEA madeUp of tOne
(b
¢ a l t e u i p i t a t a t y _ a i l m e n t k an animal!
c tcannat

Ans Cand

hetna nOLuer plantz Canleadt o

A 02 cDe 1atuet depieHad
( ) Blue babt tund tome
IC ÉUtOphication
ADL cid taiA
(A The Statement hat ic not ttue abaut o2ane iç
AD the S{tatOs phele CEC tease chloriDe free
tadicalk ) Labith ttattk uith 0g 0giv
chlain diooide tadicais
G 1t iç_a taxic ga and t Heactian with.
NO giss N0
C n the atmaiphere i t i c depleted h c£Cs
(n n the stratasphtreitfatmi a piattckive
Shield agains v adiatioD:

AMang the 0u 0)-t)heaQL that CQuLe

Qreenhauge effec afe
C CO (b)H20 C) cC

ADS abCe

pbototbemica Smog is
a) ackalein.
(b 02ane
c) Su!phur diooide
( Nittogen odide

The cotketSeE OF Specits typoncible for the

photochemicalSmog is
(A No NO20 ang hydiocarbang
N No andbyd tacatbang
cO2NO C0 nd_hydtocatbong
(0 O . 090nd hydocazboDg