ASSIGNMENT

GAS
ENGINEERING
(CH-413)
DUA YOUSUF (CH-17018)
TAIMOOR AHMED KHAN (CH-17040)
BAZIL AHMED KHAN (CH-17309)
IFFAT SULTANA FOROOQI (CH-17310)

SUBMITTED TO
DR. FAIZAN RAZA
 STUDENT NAME
CONTRIBUTION
ROLL NO.
Designing of 3-phase vertical separator by
DUA YOUSUF (CH-17018)
methods of book
TAIMOOR AHMED KHAN Designing of 2-phase vertical separator by book
(CH-17040) method and software & result discussions

BAZIL AHMED KHAN Designing of 2-phase horizontal separator by sw2

(CH-17309) software and book method

Designing of 3-phase vertical separator by sw2 software

IFFAT FAROOQI (CH-17310)
and formatting of the assignment
TWO-PHASE HORIZONTAL SEPARATOR (By Kern Arnold)
Question 1:

The data of this problems is taken from Petroleum and Gas Field Processing by Hussein
K. Abdel-Aal, Mohamed Aggour, M. A. Fahim.

Determine the diameter and height (seam-to-seam length) of a horizontal separator for the following
operating conditions:

DATA
Liquid flowrate(oil) 3000 bbl/day
Gas flowrate 15 mmscfd
P 985 psia
T 60 ⁰F
SGg 0.6
Oil gravity 35 ⁰API

Viscosity (g) 0.013 cP

Time (tr) 3 min

Z 0.84
 Vessel Sizing Wizard Petrogas Jahan; LTD; CO.
Version 2.0

Status: All required data are filled. Now You can use OPTIMIZATION Button. Status: Optimized Optimize Reset Hide Detailed Calculation Steps Reset All
Quantity Symbol Unit Value Warning: By Pressing RESET ALL; All Input Data will be deleted permanently!
Pressure P Psig 970.5 =
Gas Density rV lb/ft 3 3.71
3
Liquid Density rL lb/ft 53
Liquid Mass Flow Rate mL lb/hr 37218
Vapor Mass Flow Rate mv lb/hr 231222 m 3 /s :
Vapor Volumetric Flow Rate Qv ft 3 /s 17.32 0.490
3
Liquid Volumetric Flow Rate QL ft /min 11.70 0.006
K_York Demister K ft/s 0.2715
K_GPSA K ft/s 0.2630
Min-K K ft/s 0.2630

X= #DIV/0!
Y= #DIV/0!
CD= #DIV/0!
K= #DIV/0!
K_Min K ft/s 0.2630

Extra Process Condition for K value modification

Mesh Pad
(Vapor velocity Modification):
Vapor Under Vaccume? Yes No

Glycol or Amine Solution? Yes No

Compressor suction scrubbers/mole sieve scrubbers/expander inlet separator Yes No

As per Table.1 of Article, Calculated K is equal to 0.13 ; Otherwise Enter Here: K ft/s Kalculator
Final K Value K ft/s 0.1315
Vertical Terminal Vapor Velocity UT ft/s 0.48
Vapor Velocity Uv ft/s 0.36
Final K Value_Finalized By User Input K ft/s 0.1315

Select a case to evaluate Holdup and Surge Time. Also you can enter them manually or enter surge+slug+ other extra volumes instead of surge time.

Select an operation case for the separator: A. Unit Feed Drum

Program's default value for your selected case is: TH=10min &Ts=5min.
if you wish to enter Holdup time and Surge time manually, check this checkbox and enter them.
Use my own value for TH &Ts

Holdup-Time= TH min 3
Surge-Time= TS min 0
Personal factor Experienced Trained Inexperienced multiply holdup time by 1;1.2 or 1.5 respectively. By default=1.

Instrument factor Well Standard Poorly multiply holdup time by 1;1.2 or 1.5 respectively. By default=1.
Holdup time_Final TH min 3 1.00 tw
Surge Time_Final TS min 0

Holdup Volume VH ft 3 35.1

3
Surge Volume_final Vs ft 0.0
Set L/D L/D - 5 The proper L/D for this pressure is4~6
Inner Diameter of vessel_Initial guess D ft 2.46
Final D D ft 4.79
Total Cross-sectional Area AT ft 2 18.02
Height of LLL in the light liquid compartment HLLL in 9.4
HLLL/D x - 0.163
ALLL/AT y - 0.107
Low Liquid Area ALLL ft 2 1.92
Factor of Vapor space a - 0.73
Vapor Space Height Hv ft 3.39
Hv/D x - 0.71
Av/AT y - 0.758
Vapor Space cross-sectional Area Av ft 2 13.65

Length of accommodate holdup/surge L ft 14.37

L/D 3.00
Liquid Dropout Time fv s 9.44
Actual Vapor Velocity UVA ft/s 1.27
Min. L required for Vap. Liq. Design. L MIN ft 11.97

Status L>>Lmin

Surge volume based on Ts=0 min. is equal to 0 cubic meter. ( 0 cubic feet)
If you desire another one or needed to add extra volumes such as slug, enter Total Surge Volume here:
Surge Volume_based on Ts Vs ft 3 0.0
Time weight base on holdup tw 1.0
Final holdup volume based on Vs VH ft 3 35.1
Vs+VH ft 3 35.1

Enter Operating or Design Temperature and Material grade to evaluate Max. Stress and Density of alloy or Enter them manually.
Operating Temperature OT F 60
o
Design Temperature DT F 110

The design temp. calculated by program is equal to 43 C. (110 F)

If you desire another one enter here:
o
Design Temperature_Final DT F 110

Normal Operating Pressure NOP psig 970

Maximum Operating Pressure MOP psig 995

Design Pressure DP psig 1095

The design pressure calculated by program is equal to 75.5 Barg. (1095 Psig)
If you desire another one enter here:
Final Design Pressure DP psig 1095.0

Corrosion (Select Fluid Type or Enter corrosion allowance in below cell) Known Corrosive Condition
Corrosion Allowance based on your selected fluid type is 8.89 mm. (0.35 in.)
Otherwise enter it:
Final Corrosion Allowance tc in 0.35
Joint Efficiency (Typically=0.6~1.0) (0.85 for examined joints, 1.0 for 100% x-ray joints). If were left empty; program takes 0.85 as default.
Head Type 2:1 Eliptical
Select the Alloy Type from the list or enter Alloy properties (S & rM) in below cells. SA-515_70 Carbon Steel S for this material in the design temp.= 1207 Bar (17500 psi). You can customize it by entering it in below cell.
Max tensile stress: S= 1207 Bar (17500 psi). Otherwise enter here:
Shell Thickness ts in 2.563
Head Thickness tH in 2.481
Final thickness_Max t in 2.563
Shell Side Surface Area As ft 2 216
2
Head Surface Area AH ft 25.0
3
Volume of needed materials Vsteel ft 56.5
Density of the selected alloy =7850 kg/m3 (490 lb/ft3). Otherwise enter here: rM

Nozzle Sizing Enter design criteria for Nozzle Sizing: You can customize the design criteria by entering them.
Inlet Diverter User Input Criteria for Nozzle Sizing
Oversizing factor % ( Typically 0~1 ) V min (m/s) V max (m/s) r V 2 (Pa)
Oversizing factor_final

Inlet nozzle should be between 8.7 & 11.8 inches (Velocity Basis). Also it should be greater than 14.4" (Rho.V2 Basis) Or 10.5" (CEP Method). Select a proper NPS from below. Inlet 7~13 m/s or 1000 Pa (for no inlet device) / 1500 Pa (for half open pipe) by default.
Inlet Nozzle size dF inch #DIV/0!

The liquid outlet nozzle size should be between 1.7 & 3.3 inches. Select proper NPS from below. Liquid Outlet - 1~4 m/s by default.
Liquid Outlet Nozzle size dL inch #DIV/0!

The vapor outlet nozzle size should be between 5.7 & 8 inches (Velocity Basis) or greater than 11" (Rho.V2 Basis). Select proper NPS from below. Vapor Outlet 15~30 m/s or 3750 Pa by default.
Vapor Outlet Nozzle size dv inch #DIV/0!

Normal Liquid Level Calculation

Low liquid volume VLLL ft 3 27.58
2
Normal level Area AN ft 4.362
AN/AT x - 0.242
HN/D y - 0.291
Normal Liquid Level HN ft 1.394
All required data are filled. Now You can use OPTIMIZATION Button. Feed Nozzle Vapor outlet
Sizing Summary
Diameter of Drum D mm 1460 Initial guess for D=750 mm; But it is modified to run solver. #VALUE! Min 12" ############
Vessel Tan-Tan Length L mm 4380 L/D= 3
Shell Thickness ts mm 65 Hv/D =0.71 Hv= 1035 mm
Head Thickness tH mm 63 Feed quality= 0.86
Total Weight W kg 13819 Min 12"
D=1460 mm

Inlet Nozzle size dF inch High Liquid Level H HLL = 425 mm

Liquid Outlet Nozzle size dL inch
Surge
Vapor Outlet Nozzle size dv inch Normal Liquid Level H NLL = 425 mm
Nozzle Oversizing Factor 0%
HoldUp
Low Liquid Level H LLL mm 239 Low Liquid Level H LLL = 239 mm
Normal Liquid Level H NLL mm 425 ############
High Liquid Level H HLL mm 425

Holdup Time TH min 3.0 Liquid Outlet

Surge Time TS min 0.0

MeshPad Yes If you would like to customize L/D Range; Enter them. L=4380 mm
Head Type 2:1 Eliptical (L/D) ≥ 3
Material/Alloy grade and type: SA-515_70; Carbon Steel (L/D) ≤ 4 User Input Option: User Input Option:
Max. Operating Pressure MOP Barg 67.721 If you leave them empty; program sets 3 for Min and 4 for Max. D= mm Hv/D= (0~1)
Design Pressure DP Barg 74.493 Initial guess for D=750 mm Before Enteing D & Hv/D; First Press RESET
o
Design Temperature DT C 43.333 Notice: First enter Diameter and then fill Hv/D.
After Using solver; Should Reset to recalculation all values! Be noticed that there is a high vapor load.
Corrosion Allowance C mm 8.89
Joint Efficiency E 0.85 (Examined joints)

Project: 0 Notes:
Client: 0
Case No.: 0
Case Description: 0
Date: 0
Revision: 0

Prepare: 0
Check: 0
Approve: 0
RESULTS DISCUSSION
The design calculation results of both simulation software (Sw2) and manually (Kern Arnold’s
Method) are as follow:

Parameters Sw2 Kern Arnold’s Method

Diameter 1460 mm (54 inch) 914.4 mm (36 inch)

Height 4380 mm (14.4 ft) 3785.6 mm (12.42 ft)

L/D 3 4.14

The above table shows that there is a relatively small error between Kern Arnold’s Method and
Sw2. So, we concluded that the manual method proves to be more accurate and reliable. The
reason we cannot depend on the software is because of the following reasons:

 At present, the problem taken has insufficient data like terminal velocity, nozzle size, etc.
 Not enough knowledge and unskilled to use Sw2 software.
 The basis of the Kern method is that it uses drag coefficient and Re which is used to find
length and diameter while the method which software use is unknown.
 To optimize in software, we need surge time and holdup time which is not used in the
calculation of Kern’s method.
 The software also includes the calculation of mist eliminator while in the book there is no
such formula for calculation of mist eliminator.
TWO-PHASE VERTICAL SEPARATOR
Question 2:

The data of this problems is taken from Petroleum and Gas Field Processing by Hussein
K. Abdel-Aal, Mohamed Aggour, M. A. Fahim.

Determine the diameter and height (seam-to-seam length) of a vertical separator for the following
operating conditions:

DATA
Liquid flow rate(oil) 3000 bbl/day
Gas flow rate 15 mmscfd
P 985 psia
T 60 ⁰F
SGg 0.6
Oil gravity 35 ⁰API

Viscosity (g) 0.013 cP

Time (tr) 3 min

Z 0.84
 Vessel Sizing Wizard Petrogas Jahan; LTD; CO.
Version 2.0

Status: All required data are entered, use optimization button to find the solution. Status: Optimize Reset Hide Detailed Calculation Steps Reset All
Optimized
Quantity Symbol Unit Value Warning: By Pressing RESET ALL; All Input Data will be deleted permanently!
Pressure P Psig 970.5 =
Gas Density rV lb/ft 3 3.71
3
Liquid Density rL lb/ft 53
Liquid Mass Flow Rate mL lb/hr 133983612
Vapor Mass Flow Rate mv lb/hr 832400866 m 3 /s :
3
Vapor Volumetric Flow Rate Qv ft /s 62357.73 1765.774
3
Liquid Volumetric Flow Rate QL ft /min 42109.38 19.873
K_York Mist Eliminator K ft/s 0.2715
K_GPSA K ft/s 0.2630
Min-K K ft/s 0.2630

X= #DIV/0!
Y= #DIV/0!
CD= #DIV/0!
K= #DIV/0!
K_Min K ft/s 0.2630

Extra Process Condition for K value modification

MeshPad
(Vapor velocity Modification):
Vapor Under Vacuum? Yes No

Glycol or Amine Solution? Yes No

Compressor suction scrubbers/mole sieve scrubbers/expander inlet separator Yes No

As per Table.1 of Article, Calculated K is equal to 0.26 ft/s; Otherwise Enter Here: K ft/s Kalculator
Final K Value_Calculated K ft/s 0.2630
Vertical Terminal Vapor Velocity UT ft/s 0.96
Vapor Velocity Uv ft/s 0.72

Select a case to evaluate Holdup and Surge Time. Also you can enter them manually or enter surge+slug+ other extra volumes instead of surge time.
Select a True Value
Select an Operation case for the separator: B. Separators:

Select a proper case; Program database can not find appropriate Holdup Time and Surge Time.
Check below "checkbox" and Enter them manually.
Use my own value for TH &Ts

Holdup-Time= TH min 3
Surge-Time= TS min 0

Personal factor Experienced Trained Inexperienced

Instrument factor Well Standard Poorly

Holdup time_Final TH min 3 1
Surge Time_Final TS min 0 0
3
Holdup Volume VH ft 126328.1
3
Surge Volume_based on Ts Vs ft 0.0
Vapor Disengagement Diameter DVD ft 332.24
Inner Diameter of vessel D ft 332.61
Final D D ft 332.61
Height of LLL in the light liquid compartment HLLL in 6.0
Height from LLL to NLL HH ft 225.72
Height from NLL to HLL Hs ft 77.63
3
Mean Flow QM ft /s 63059.55
Lambda Factor l - 0.0111
Mean density rM lb/ft3 4.26
Min_Inlet Nozzle Size dN ft 52.545
Height of HLL in the enter line of Inlet Nozzle HLIN in 327.3
Height of Disengagement HD in 1995.7
Mist eliminator thickness Hmist in 6.00
Height of Mist eliminator to top of Vessel Htop ft 1.00

Surge volume based on Ts=0 min. is equal to 0 cubic meter. ( 0 cubic feet)
If you desire another one or needed to add extra volumes such as slug, enter Total Surge Volume here:

3
Surge Volume_Final Vs ft 0.0
Total Height of Vessel H ft 997.84
L/D 3.00
Operating Temperature OT F 60
o
Design Temperature DT F 110
The design temperature calculated by program is equal to 43 C. (110 F)
If you desire another one enter here:
o
Design Temperature_Final DT F 110
Normal Operating Pressure NOP psig 970
Maximum Operating Pressure MOP psig 995
Design Pressure DP psig 1095

The design pressure calculated by program is equal to 75.5 Barg. (1095 Psig)
If you desire another one enter here:
Design Pressure_Final DP psig 1095

Corrosion (Select Fluid Type or Enter corrosion allowance in below cell) Known Corrosive Condition
Corrosion Allowance based on your selected fluid type is 8.89 mm. (0.35 in.)
Otherwise enter it:
Final Corrosion Allowance tc in 0.35
Joint Efficiency (Typically=0.6~1.0) (0.85 for examined joints, 1.0 for 100% x-ray joints). If were left empty; program takes 0.85 as default.
Head Type Hemispherical Heads
Select the Alloy Type from the list or enter Alloy properties (S & rM) in below cells. SA-515_70 Carbon Steel S for this material in the design temp.= 1207 Bar (17500 psi). You can customize it by entering it in below cell.
Max tensile stress: S= 1207 Bar (17500 psi). Otherwise enter here:
Shell Thickness ts in 154.055
Head Thickness tH in 74.352
Final thickness_Max t in 154.055
Shell Side Surface Area As ft 2 1042684
2
Head Surface Area AH ft 173803.2
3
Volume of needed materials Vsteel ft 15539636.0
Density of theselected alloy =7850 kg/m3 (490 lb/ft3). Otherwise enter here: rM

Nozzle Sizing
Inlet Diverter

Oversizing factor % (Typically 0~1)

The inlet nozzle size should be between 520.7 & 709.5 inches (Velocity Basis). Also it should be greater than 866.6" (Rho.V2 Basis) and 630.5" (CEP Method). Select proper NPS from below.
Inlet Nozzle size dF inch #DIV/0! 1500

The liquid outlet nozzle size should be between 99 & 198 inches. Select proper NPS from below.
Liquid Outlet Nozzle size dL inch #DIV/0!

The vapor outlet nozzle size should be between 340.8 & 482 inches (Velocity Basis) or greater than 662.1" (Rho.V2 Basis). Select proper NPS from below.
Vapor Outlet Nozzle size dv inch #DIV/0! 3750

Enter design criteria for Nozzle Sizing: You can customize the design criteria by entering them.
2
User Input Criteria for Nozzle Sizing V min (m/s) V max (m/s) rV (Pa)
Inlet 7~13 m/s or 1000 Pa (for no inlet device) / 1500 Pa (for half open pipe) by default.
Liquid Outlet - 1~4 m/s by default.
Vapor Outlet 15~30 m/s or 3750 Pa by default.

All required data are entered, use optimization button to find the solution.
Sizing Summary Vapor Outlet
Diameter of Drum D mm 101381
Vessel Tan-Tan Length L mm 304142 L/D= 3
Shell Thickness ts mm 3913
Head Thickness tH mm 1889 Feed quality= 0.86
305 mm
Total Weight W kg 3799228154
152 mm
Inlet Nozzle size dF inch Dv= 101381 mm
Liquid Outlet Nozzle size dL inch HD 16016 mm
Vapor Outlet Nozzle size dv inch Feed =50690 mm
Nozzle Oversizing Factor 0% Inlet 32031 mm
User Input Option:
Low Liquid Level H LLL mm 152 D= mm
Normal Liquid Level H NLL mm 68951 Initial calculated HT H LIN
High Liquid Level H HLL mm 92611 Diameter= 101381 mm =304142 mm =8313 mm

Holdup Time TH min 465.8

Surge Time TS min 160.2 After Using Optimization Button and HLL= 92611 mm
Before changing D or other Data Press Reset HS
MeshPad Yes =23660 mm NLL= 68951 mm
Head Type Hemispherical Heads If you would like to customize L/D Range; Enter them. HH
Alloy Type SA-515_70; Carbon Steel (L/D) ≥ 3 =68798 mm LLL= 152 mm
Max. Operating Pressure MOP Barg 67.72 (L/D) ≤ 4 H LLL
Design Pressure DP Barg 74.49 If you leave them empty; program sets 3 for Min and 4 for Max. =152 mm
o
Design Temperature DT C 43.33

Corrosion Allowance C mm 8.89

Joint Efficiency E 0.85 (Examined joints) Liquid Outlet

Project: 0 Notes:
Client: 0
Case No.: 0
Case Description: 0
Date: 0
Revision: 0

Prepare: 0
Check: 0
Approve: 0
 RESULTS DISCUSSION
The design calculation results of both simulation software (Sw2) and manually (Kern Arnold’s
Method) are as follow:

Parameters Sw2 Kern Arnold’s Method

Diameter 101384 mm (399 inch) 914.4 mm (36 inch)

Height 304142 mm (997 ft) 3400 mm (11.15 ft)

L/D 3.71 3

The above table shows that there is a huge difference between Kern Arnold’s Method and Sw2.
So, according to results the design of two phase vertical separator is not practical for this data.
However two phase vertical separator is much feasible to design for this data as done in previous
question. As vertical separators are commonly used in flow streams with low to intermediate gas-
liquid ratios.
THREE-PHASE VERTICAL SEPARATOR (By Kern Arnold)
Question 3

The data of this problems is taken from Petroleum and Gas Field Processing by Hussein
K. Abdel-Aal, Mohamed Aggour, M. A. Fahim.

Determine the diameter and seam-to-seam length of a three-phase vertical separator for the
following operating conditions:

DATA
Qg 8 mmscfd Gas rate
Qo 6000 bbl/d Oil rate
Qw 3000 bbl/d Water rate
ρ'o 27.5 o
API Oil density
γo 0.87 Oil specific gravity
µo 10 cP Oil viscosity
γw 1.07 Water specific gravity
γg 0.6 Gas specific gravity
Z 0.88 Gas compressibility
P 500 psia Operating pressure
T' 90 o
F Operating temperature
T 550 o
R Operating temperature
tw 10 minutes Water retention time
to 10 minutes Oil retention time
Smallest water droplet size to
dm,w 500 micron
be removed
Smallest oil droplet size to be
dm,o 100 micron
removed
ρg 1.674 lb/ft3 Gas operating density
ρo 54.288 lb/ft3 Oil operating density
Cd 0.64 Drag Coefficient
Status: All required data are filled. Now You can use Optimization Button. Hide Detailed Calculation Steps
Status: Optimized Optimize Reset Reset All
Vessel Sizing Wizard Petrogas Jahan; LTD; CO.
Version 2.0
Quantity Symbol Unit Value Warning: By clicking on "Reset ALL"; All Input Data will be deleted permanently!
Pressure P psig 485.5
Vapor Density rV lb/ft 3 1.67 26.8
Vapor Mass Flow Rate Wv lb/hr 556725
Light Liquid Density rL lb/ft 3 54.3
Light Liquid Viscosity mL cP 10.00
Light liquid Flow Rate WLL lb/hr 76201
Heavy Liquid Density rH lb/ft 3 63.0
Heavy Liquid Viscosity mH cP 1.00
Heavy liquid Flow Rate WHL lb/hr 43794
Vapor Volumetric Flow Rate Qv ft3/s 92.38
Light Liquid Volumetric Flow Rate QLL ft3/min 23.39
Heavy Liquid Volumetric Flow Rate QHL ft3/min 11.59
Nozzle Sizing Inlet Diverter

Oversizing factor % ( Typically 0~1 ) 10% Enter design criteria for Nozzle Sizing: You can customize the design criteria by entering them.

The inlet nozzle size should be between 21 & 28.6 inches (Velocity Basis).Also dF> 29" (Rho.V2 Basis) or 20.1" (CEP Method). Select proper NPS from below. User Input Criteria V min (m/s) V max (m/s)
r V 2 (Pa)
Inlet Nozzle size dF inch 22 u=11.8 m/s Inlet 7~13 m/s or 1000 Pa (for no inlet device) / 1500 Pa (for half open pipe) by default.

The heavy liquid outlet nozzle size should be between 1.7 & 2.4 inches. Select proper NPS from below. Liquid Outlet (W) - 2~4 m/s (Water) by default.
Heavy Liquid Outlet Nozzle size d HL inch 2 u=3 m/s

The light liquid outlet nozzle size should be between 2.8 & 4.9 inches. Select proper NPS from below. Liquid Outlet (HC) - 1~3 m/s (Hydrocarbon) by default.
Light Liquid Outlet Nozzle size d LL inch 3 u=2.7 m/s

The vapor outlet nozzle size should be between 13.8 & 19.5 inches (Velocity Basis) or greater than 21.9" (Rho.V2 Basis). Select proper NPS from below. Vapor Outlet 15~30 m/s or 3750 Pa by default.
Vapor Outlet Nozzle size dv inch 14 u=29 m/s
K_York Demister K ft/s 0.2871
K_GPSA K ft/s 0.3115
Min-K K ft/s 0.2871

200
0.014
K_Min K ft/s 0.2871
Extera Process Condition for K value modification
Baffle Plate MeshPad
(Vapor velocity Modification):
Vapor Under Vaccume? Yes No

Glycol or Amin Solution? Yes No

Compressor suction scrubbers/mole sieve scrubbers/expander inlet seperator Yes No

As per Table.1 of Article, Calculated K is equal to 0.29 ft/s; Otherwise Enter Here: K ft/s Kalculator
Final K Value K ft/s 0.2871
Vertical Terminal Vapor Velocity UT ft/s 1.61
Vapor Velocity Uv ft/s 1.21

Select a case to evaluate Holdup and Surge Time. Also you can enter them manually or enter surge+slug+ other extra volumes instead of surge time.
Select a True Value
Select an operation case for the seperator: B. Separators:

Select a proper case; Program database could not find appropriate Holdup Time and Surge Time.
Check this "checkbox" and Enter them manually. Use my own value for TH &Ts

Holdup-Time= TH min 10
Surge-Time= TS min 8
Personal factor Exprienced Trianed Inexprienced muliply holdup time by 1;1.2 or 1.5 respectively. By default=1.
Instrument factor Well Standard Poorly muliply holdup time by 1;1.2 or 1.5 respectively. By default=1.
Holdup time_Final TH min 10 1
Surge Time_Final TS min 8 1

Surge volume based on Ts=8 min. is equal to 7.92 cubic meter. ( 279.8 cubic feet)
If you desire another one or needed to add extra volumes such as slug, enter Total Surge Volume here:
Holdup Volume VH ft 3 233.9
Surge Volume_Time Base Vs ft 3 279.8

The Light Liquid Nozzle (H-L) assumed to be 0.31 m (1 ft) above the Liq-Liq Interface.
If you desire another one, enter here:
Inner Diameter of vesse DVD ft 10.23
H-L_final ft 1.00
Final D D ft 10.23 10.23
Def. Height between LL Nozzle and Liq-Liq Interface_Final HL ft 5.64
A ft 2 82.22

The Heavy Liquid Height (H-H) assumed to be 0.31m (1 ft).

If you desire another one, enter here:
Height of Heavy Liquid_Final HH ft 5.64

The height of Light Liquid Nozzle to Main Baffle (H-R) is assumed by program and will be finalized at the end of calculation.
If you desire to force it to your costume value, enter here:
Dif. Heght between LL Nozzle and Main Baffle_final HoR in 34.14
3
X-value of graph (rL-rv) X lb/ft 52.61
Y'-value of graph (Height above Interface) Y' in 101.80
Allowable Down Flow G gph/ft 2 17446.07
Downcomer cross sectional area AD ft 2 0.90

The Downcomer wide (WD) is assumed to be 101.6mm (4 inch).

If you desire another one, enter here:
Downcomer Wide_final WD in. 4.00
WD/D x 0.0326
AD/A y 0.0103 0.850

Or Enter the particle size [HL in LL]; [LL in HL] (micron) Dp 500 200
Final Ks [HL in LL]; [LL in HL] ks 5.154 0.825
Settling velocity of heavy liquid out of the light liquid UHL in./min 4.49
Rising velocity of light liquid out of the heavy liquid ULH in./min 7.18
Time of Heavy liquid settling out of the distance tHL min 15.1
Time of light liquid rise through the distance tLH min 9.4
Max AD AD ft 2 0.900
2
AL ft 82.22
Residence Time of Light Liquid qLL min 19.82 OK
Residence Time of Heavy Liquid qHL min 40.01 OK
Holdup Height HR ft 2.85 OK
Surge volume _Final Vs ft 3 279.84
Surge Height Hs ft 3.40
Head Type 2:1 Eliptical

Enter Operating or Design Tempereture and Material grade to evaluate Max. Stress and Density of alloy or Enter them manually.
Operating Temperature OT F 90
o
Design Temperature DT F 140
The design temp. calculated by program is equal to 60 C. (140 F)
If you desire another one enter here:
o
Design Temperature_Final DT F 140

Normal Operating Pressure NOP psig 485

Maximum Operating Pressure MOP psig 510
Design Pressure DP psig 562
The design pressure calculated by program is equal to 38.7 Barg. (562 Psig)
Enter Design Pressure: Psia 500.0
Design Pressure_Final DP psig 485

Corrosion (Fluid Type) Known Corrosive Condition

Corrosion Allowance based on your selected fluid type is 8.89 mm. (0.35 in.)
Otherwise enter it:
Final Corrosion Allowance tc in 0.35
Joint Efficiency (Typically=0.6~1.0) (0.85 for examined joints, 1.0 for 100% x-ray joints). Program default value is 0.85

Enter S and density of the alloy in below cells or Select the Alloy Type from this list: SA-516_70 Carbon Steel S for this material in the design temp.= 17500 psi. You can costomize it by entering it in below cell.
Max tensile stress: S= 1207 Bar (17500 psi). Otherwise enter here:
Shell Thickness ts in 2.394
Head Thickness tH in 2.360
Final thickness_Max t in 2.394
Shell Side Surface Area As ft 2 987
Head Surface Area AH ft 2 88.1
3
Volume of needed materials Vsteel ft 231.5
Density of theselected alloy =7850 kg/m3 (490 lb/ft3). Otherwise enter here: rM
Mean Liq Density rL lb/ft 3 57.5 920.54
3/s
Min Flow QM ft 92.96 2.63
Lambda Factor l - 0.00627
Mean density rM lb/ft 3 2.02 32.42
Min_Inlet Nozzle Size dN ft 1.675 20.10
Height of Disengagement HD ft 9.75
HA ft 0.50
HBN ft 4.82
Hmist ft 1.5
HT ft 30.70
HT/D 3.00 OK

All required data are filled. Now You can use Optimization Button.
Sizing Summary Vapor 14"
Diameter of Drum D mm 3119 Nozzle
Vessel Tan-Tan Length L mm 9356 L/D= 3 :OK

Shell Tickness ts mm 61 Feed quality= 0.82

Head tickness tH mm 60 Light liquid Residence time is OK
305 mm
Weight of Vessel W kg 56597 Heavy liquid Residence time is OK
HR is OK 152 mm

Nozzle Sizing: HD= 2973 mm

Inlet Nozzle size dF inch 22 Feed Nozzle D= 3119 mm
Heavy Liquid Outlet Nozzle size dHL inch 2
Heavy Liquid Outlet Nozzle size dLL inch 3 Notice: 22"
Vapor Outlet Nozzle size dv inch 14 After Using find Button; Should Reset to recalculation all values! HBIN= 1469 mm
Nozzle Oversizing Factor 10% User Input Option: Max. Liquid Level 1" Vent
D= mm
Surge HS= 1037 mm
Holdup Time TH min 10.0 Initial value of D=3119 mm
Surge Time TS min 8.0 HT Baffle HA= 152 mm
If you would like to costomize L/D Range; Enter them. =9356mm WD AL
(L/D) ≥ 3 =102 mm HR= 867 mm
(L/D) ≤ 5 Light Liquid Nozzle
If you leave them empty; program sets 3 for Min and 5 for Max. Hpldup 3"
Baffle Plate No Light Liquid
MeshPad Yes HL= 1718 mm
Head Type 2:1 Eliptical Interface
Material/Alloy grade and type: SA-516_70; Carbon Steel
Max. Operating Pressure MOP Barg 34.73 Heavy Liquid HH= 1718 mm
Dessign Pressure DP Barg 38.20
o
Dessign Temperature DT C 60.00

Corrosion Allowance C mm 8.89 Heavy Liquid

Joint Efficiency E 0.85 (Examined Joints) 2" Nozzle

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 RESULTS DISCUSSION
The design calculation results of both simulation software (Sw2) and manually (Kern Arnold’s
Method) are as follow:

Parameters Sw2 Kern Arnold’s Method

Diameter 3119 mm (112.8 inch) 1981 mm (78 inch)

Height 9356 mm (30.7 ft) 6431 mm (21.1 ft)

L/D 3 3..09

The above table shows that there is a relatively small error between Kern Arnold’s Method and
Sw2. So, we concluded that the manual method proves to be more accurate and reliable. The
reason we cannot depend on the software is because of the following reasons:

 At present, the problem taken has insufficient data like terminal velocity, nozzle size, etc.
 Not enough knowledge and unskilled to use Sw2 software.
 The basis of the Kern method is that it uses drag coefficient and Re which is used to find
length and diameter while the method which software use is unknown.
 To optimize in software, we need surge time and holdup time which is not used in the
calculation of Kern’s method.
 The software also includes the calculation of mist eliminator while in the book there is no
such formula for calculation of mist eliminator.