ANCHOR BLOCK

15.13

364.15
48.19 362.15
9.275 9.29

330
9.241
34 15

Basic data, Parameters and Loads

D = Diameter of the pipe = 2 m

h = Max head at the chainage point = 34.15 m
A = C/S area of the pipe at anchor π/4(D2) = 3.14 m
H = Max head at the chainage point including water hammer = 40 m
q = Total flow through pipes = 43.04 m3/sec
N = Number of pipes = 4 Nos.
Q = Flow in each pipe = 10.76 m3/sec
l = Intrerval of expansion joints in pipe = 48.19 m
w = Unit weight of water = 10 kN/m3
W = Weight of water in 48.19 m length of w Al = 1514 kN
V = Velocity through each pipe = 3.42 m/sec.
g = Acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m2/s
t = Thickness of the pipe at this point = 14 mm
L1 = Length of the pipe from anchor up hill to expansion joint = 48.19 m
L2 = Length of the pipe from anchor downhill to expansion joint = 15.13 m
αu = Slope angle of penstock upstream of anchor = 45 o

αd = Slope angle of penstock downstream of anchor = 15 o

dsteel = Density of the steel = 78.6 kN/m3

P = Dead weight of pipe from anchor uphill to expansion joint =
= (πD)x (t) (L1) x(dsteel) = 333.18 kN
P' = Dead weight of pipe from anchor downhill to expansion joint =
= (πD)x (t) (L2) x(dsteel) = 104.63 kN
μ = Co efficient of friction between packing and liner = 0.26
e = Packing length = 0.2 m
f' = Friction of expansion joint per m of circumference= 1.5μwHe = 31.20 kN/m
d = Inside diameter of the pipe = 2 mm
Length of anchor block = 5 m
Breadth of anchor block = 3 m
Depth of anchor block = 4 m
Permissible stress(Assumed) = 200 kN/m2
 Calculating Forces on Anchor Block as per IS 5330-1984

The various forces acting on the anchor block are as under

1 Hydrostatic force acting along axis of pipe on each side of bend = 1256.64 kN
Fs=wAH
2 Dynamic force acting against outside of bend = 37.51 kN
Fd = QwV/g
3 Force due to dead weight of pipe from anchor uphill to expansion = 236 kN
joint, tending to slide downhill over pier, Du = P sinαu
4 Force due to dead weight of pipe from anchor downhill to expansion
joint, tending to slide downhill over pier, Du = P' sinαd = 27
5 Sliding friction of uphill expansion joint
Seu = f'π(d+2t)/1000 = 3 kN
6 Sliding friction of downhill expansion joint
Sed = f'π(d+2t)/1000 3 kN

αd = 15o
15 o

αu = 45 o
X

1 2

2 4

3 6

Analysis and Design

For the purpose of design, anchor blocks for all the 4 pipes have been combined into a single
anchor block of size 3m(L) x 3m(B)x 4m(D)
 The various forces acting on anchor block are resolved into horizontal and vertical components
and then checked for sliding and stresses. The details are as under:

Tabulation of forces

Horizontal force Fx(kN) Vertical force Fy(kN)

Force1 888.5766 - 1256.64 -368.06 32.9

Force2 26.5249 - 37.51 -10.9870 1.0
Force3 235.596 235.60 6.2
Force4 27 27.08 0.0
Force5 - 2.94 2.94 0.1
Force6 - 2.94 -2.94 0.0

TOTAL -116.37kN 40.12kN

Checking for inclination of Resultant Force

Applied horizontal force, Fx

i.e. 4x -116.37 -465.49 kN

Applied vertical force i.e.

4 x 4.01E+01 160 kN
Weight of concrete block of size
5mx3mx4m minus 4pipes of dia2.0 m - 1253 kN

Net vertical force, Fy 1414 kN

Resultant force, R = (Fx)2+(Fy)2 1488.23 kN

Angle of resultant force with horizontal -71.77 o

Check for sliding factor

Factor of safety against sliding, i.e. Fx/ Fy 0.33

Less than 0.4,Hence O.K

Check for stresses

-71.77
161.77
 AD = 5cos161.78 = -4.75 m
BD = 5sin161.78 1.56 m
The vertical height from the centre of pipe to the bottom
of anchor block = 2 m
The horizontal distance of the resultant from the centre of
anchor block 2xtan161.78 = -0.66 m
The horizontal distance of the resultant from the end of
anchor block 2.5--0.66 = 3.16 m

The length of the modified base perpendicular to the

resultant force = -4.75 m

The length of the intercept of the modified base by

the resultant force = 3.16 m

Eccentricity of the resultant force along modified base (e)

AD/2-AE = -0.66

So, the stresses at the base given by equation

P/A (1+6e/d) = -209440 kN/m2
P/A (1-6e/d) 209652 kN/m2

Hence O.K
 ANCHOR BLOCK STAGE-II

15.13

+ 364.150
16.87 + 362.150
9.275 9.29

11.86

+ 352.290
9.263
12 15

Basic data, Parameters and Loads

D = Diameter of the pipe = 2 m

h = Max head at the chainage point = 35 m
A = C/S area of the pipe at anchor π/4(D2) = 3.14 m
H = 20 % of Max head at the chainage point
H = Max head at the chainage point including water hammer = 35 m
q = Total flow through pipes = 43.04 m3/sec
N = Number of pipes = 4 Nos.
Q = Flow in each pipe = 10.76 m3/sec
w = Unit weight of water = 10 kN/m3
L1 = Length of the pipe at up hill = 16.87 m
L2 = Length of the pipe at downhill = 15.13 m
V = Velocity in the shell = 3.43 m/sec
t = Thickness of the pipe = 14 mm
αu = Slope angle of penstock upstream of anchor = 45.00 o

αd = Slope angle of penstock downstream of anchor = 8.52 o

γs = Unit weight of steel = 78.60 kN/m3

P = Dead weight of pipe from anchor uphill to expansion joint
(πD)x (t) (L1) x(dsteel) = 116.65 kN
P' = Dead weight of pipe from anchor downhill to expansion joint =
(πD)x (t) (L2) x(dsteel) = 104.63 kN
W = Weight of water in pipe P
πd2/4 x L1 x w = 530.0 kN
W' = Weight of water in pipe P'
πd2/4 xL2 x w = 475.4 kN
p = Weight of pipe and contained water from anchor to adjacent
uphill pier = 646.70 kN
p' = Weight of pipe and contained water from anchor to adjacent
downhill pier = 580.04 kN
g = Acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s2
f= Coefficient of friction of pipe on piers = 0.15
Ref:IS:5330-1984,Cl.5.5
Grade of Concrete = M30
Grade of steel Fe415
Unit weight of R.C.C = 25 kN/m3

Length of anchor block = 3 m

Breadth of anchor block = 3 m
Depth of anchor block = 4.5 m
 Calculating Forces on Anchor Block as per IS 5330-1984
The various forces acting on the anchor block are as under
1 Hydrostatic force acting along axis of pipe on each side of bend
Fs=wAH = 1099.56 kN
2 Dynamic force acting against outside of bend
Fd = QwV/g = 37.57 kN
3 Force due to dead weight of pipe from anchor uphill ,
tending to slide downhill over pier, Du = P sinαu = 82 kN
4 Force due to dead weight of pipe from anchor downhill,
tending to slide downhill over pier, Du = P' sinαd = 16 kN
5 Sliding friction of the pipe on piers due to expansion or contraction
uphill from anchor Spu = f cosαu(P+W-p/2) = 34 kN
6 Sliding friction of the pipe on piers due to expansion or contraction
uphill from anchor Spu = f cosαd(P'+W'-p'/2) = 43 kN

αd = 8.52o

αu = 45o X

1 2

2 4

3 6

Resolving the forces horizontally and vertically

S.No.of Uphill Downhill

Force H V H V
1 777.5 777.5 1087.4 162.9
2 26.6 26.6 37.2 5.6
3 58.3 58.3 81.6 12.2
4 11.0 11.0 15.3 2.3
5 24.3 24.3 33.9 5.1
6 30.4 30.4 42.5 6.4
 Calculating the forces as per IS 5330
S.No.of
Uphill Downhill
Force
1 777.5 1087.4 = -309.9
2 26.6 37.2 = -10.6
3 58.3 = 58.3
4 15.3 = 15.3
5 24.3 = 24.3
6 42.5 = -42.5
ΣH -265kN
S.No.of
Uphill Downhill
Force
1 777.5 162.9 = 940.4
2 26.6 5.6 = 32.1
3 58.3 = 58.3
4 2.3 = 2.3
5 24.3 = 24.3
6 6.4 = -6.4

ΣV 1051kN
Checking for inclination of resultant force
Applied horizontal force Fx = 265 kN

Applied vertical force = 1051 kN

Vertical force due to weight of anchor block

3x3x4.5x25 = 1012.5 kN

Deduction for pipe = 236 kN

Deduction for stand pipe of 300 mm dia. = 1 kN

Therefore vertical weight due to anchor block = 776 kN

Therefore net vertical force Fy = 1827 kN

Resultant force,R
(Fx)2+(Fy)2 = 1846 kN

Angle of resultant force with horizontal = 81.74 o

This is greater than 30 Hence O.K

Check for sliding factor

Factor of safety against sliding, i.e.

Fx/Fy = 0.15 < 0.4
Hence O.K
3
Check for stresses

4.5

81.74
8.26
B
A E D
C
 AD = 3Cos8.26 = 2.97 m
BD = 3Sin8.26 0.43 m
The vertical height from the centre of pipe to the bottom
of anchor block = 2.25 m
The horizontal distance of the resultant from the centre of
anchor block 1.5xtan8.26 = 0.33 m
The horizontal distance of the resultant from the end of
anchor block 1.5-0.33 = 1.17 m

The length of the modified base perpendicular to the

resultant force = 2.97 m

The length of the intercept of the modified base by

the resultant force = 1.17 m

Eccentricity of the resultant force along modified base (e)

AD/2-AE = 0.33

So, the stresses at the base given by equation

P/A (1+6e/d) = 142.53 kN/m2
P/A (1-6e/d) = 29.91 kN/m2

DUE TO SEISMIC:

ΣH = -265kN
ΣV = 1051kN
Ref: IS :1893-1984
Horizontal seismic = αh
coefficient
= 0.03
Vertical seismic = αv
coefficient = 0.015

αh ΣH = 7.95 kN

αv ΣV = -15.77 kN

ΣH' = -273.10 kN
ΣV' = 1035.27 kN

Checking for inclination of resultant force

Applied horizontal force,Fx = 273 kN
Applied vertical force,Fy = 1035 kN
Vertical force due to weight of anchor block
3x3x4.5x25 = 1012.5 kN

Deduction for pipe = 236 kN

Therefore vertical weight due to anchor block = 776 kN

Therefore net vertical force Fy = 1035 + 776

= 1811 kN
Resultant force,R
(Fx)2+(Fy)2 = 1832 kN

Angle of resultant force with horizontal = Tan-1 Fy

Fx
= 81.43 o

This is greater than 30 Hence O.K

Check for sliding factor
Factor of safety against sliding, i.e.
Fx/Fy = 0.15 < 0.4
Hence O.K
Check for stresses

4.5

81.43
8.57
B
A
E C D
3

AD = 3Cos8.58 = 2.97 m
BD = 3Sin8.58 0.45 m
The vertical height from the centre of pipe to the bottom
of anchor block = 2.25 m
The horizontal distance of the resultant from the centre of
anchor block 1.5xtan8.58 = 0.23 m
The horizontal distance of the resultant from the end of
anchor block 1.5-0.23 = 1.27 m

The length of the modified base perpendicular to the

resultant force = 2.97 m

The length of the intercept of the modified base by

the resultant force = 1.26 m

Eccentricity of the resultant force along modified base (e)

AD/2-AE = 0.23

So, the stresses at the base given by equation

P/A (1+6e/d) = 125.22 kN/m2
P/A (1-6e/d) = 47.22 kN/m2

DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENT FOR ANCHOR BLOCK :

Nominal steel required Ast = 0.85
bd fy
Ast = 8992 mm2
For reinforcement details,Ref . Drawing of Reinf. Details in Anchor Block
DESIGN OF COLUMNS:
Total downward load = Net weight of the block + weight of water + weight of
steel
Weight of water = 3.14 x2 2 x3 x 10
4
= 94.2 kN
Weight of steel = 3.14 x2 x 0.014 x3 x 78.6
= 20.7 kN
Net load acting = 776.0 + 20.7 + 94.2
downward = 890.93 kN

Factored load = 1.5 x 890.93

= 1336.39 kN
say 1340 kN
Load coming on to = 1340
each column 4
= 335 kN
Height of column = 4.65 m
Height of column above = 3.15 m
Ground level
Effective length of = 4.65 x 1.2
column = 5.580 m
Assume,
Column size = 600 x 600 mm
Slenderness ratio = 5580
550
= 10.15 < 12
Short Column

Total horizontal load = 273 kN

Load on = 273
each column 4
= 68.28 kN

Moment due to = 68.28 x 4.65

horizontal load = 317 kN-m

Mu = 317.48 x 10 6
fck bd2 30 x 600 x 550 2
= 0.058
Pu = 335 x 1000
fck bd 30 x 600 x 550
= 0.03
d' = 0.1
D
From Chart - 44 of SP-16,
pt = 0.03
fck
pt = 0.9
Area of steel required = 0.9 x 600 x 600
100
= 3240 mm2
Provide 20 mm Φ 12 No.
Area of steel provided = 3768 mm2 > 3240 mm2
= Ast,req

Provide 8 mm Φ lateral ties @ 150 mm c/c

DESIGN OF FOUNDATION

Axial load = 1340 kN

Self weight of footing = 10 % of axial laod

Total load
Area of footing
Net upward soil reaction
Depth of foundation from G.L.
= 134 kN
= 1340 + 134
= 1474 kN
= 5 x5
= 25 m2
= 1474
25
= 58.96 kN/m2
= 1.5 m

Provide Overall depth of D = 500 mm

Consider 1 m width of strip,
Net upward pressure intensity = 1340
on the raft slab 12 x 1.4
= 79.76 kN/m2
Cantilever projection = 1 m on either side
Max.B.M. = 79.76 x 1.0 2
2

= 39.88 kN-m
Ru,max = 0.36 x 30 x 0.48 x ( 1 - 0.42 x 0.48 )
= 4.14
Mu,max = 4.14 x 1000 xd 2
d = 39.88 x 10 6
4.14 x 1000

= 98.16 mm

Overall depth = 98.16 + 75 + 10

required = 183.16 mm
Overall depth = 500 mm
provided
R = Mu
bd2
= 39.88 x 10 6
1000 x 415 2

= 0.23
pt,req = 30 1- 1 - 4.598 x 0.23
100 2 x 415 30

= 0.001
pt = 0.1
Ast,req = 0.1 x 1000 x 500
100
= 324 mm2

Min. Reinforcement:
Ast = 0.85
bd fy
Ast = 0.85 x 1000 x 415
415
= 850 mm2
Provide 10 Φ
Spacing required = 1000 x 157
850
= 185 mm
Provide 10 Φ @ 100 mm c/c
Ast,provided = 785 mm2 < 850 mm2
= Ast,req
Check for shear:
Shear force = 80 x 1.0
= 80 kN
ζv = V
bd
= 80 x 1000
1000 x 415.0
= 0.19 N/mm2
pt = 0.19
Ref:Table-19 of IS:456-2000
pt ζc
0.25 0.37
0.5 0.5
ζc = 0.34 N/mm2 > 0.19 N/mm2
= ζv
Hence O.K.

Design of Bend

Bend is designed as per IS:11639 Part-III

The bends are provided for the delivery mains at El.(+) 364.150 & El.(+) 330.000 m

The deflection angle at El.(+) 330.000 m is 45 0

The deflection angle at El.(+) 364.150 m is 53.52 0

Deflection angle = 45 + 8.52

= 53.52 0
Diameter of pipe = 2 m

Thickness of pipe shell = 14 mm

Radius of bend = 3 to 5 D
= 6 to 10 m

Providing the radius of bend as 8 m

The deflection angle between the successive bends = 5 to 10 0

Providing the deflection angle between = 53.52

successive bends 7

= 7.65 0

Providing 6 segments each of deflection angle 7.65 0

Providing 2 segments at first and at end with deflection angle 3.822

Deflection angle = 45 0 ( @ El.(+) 330.000 m )

Providing the deflection angle
between the successuve bends as
Providing
Providing
= 45
7
= 6.43 0
6 segments each of deflection angle 6.43 0
2 segments at first and at end with deflection angle 3.21
 ANCHOR BLOCK STAGE-I

17.72

+ 346.000
13.76 + 341.000
3.893 3.91

9.455

+ 336.545
3.883
10.0 17

Basic data, Parameters and Loads

D = Diameter of the pipe = 2.8 m

h = Max head at the chainage point = 52 m
A = C/S area of the pipe at anchor π/4(D2) = 6.16 m
H = 40 % of Max head at the chainage point
H = Max head at the chainage point including water hammer = 72.8 m
q = Total flow through pipes = 84.96 m3/sec
N = Number of pipes = 4 Nos.
Q = Flow in each pipe = 21.24 m3/sec
w = Unit weight of water = 10 kN/m3
L1 = Length of the pipe at up hill = 13.76 m
L2 = Length of the pipe at downhill = 17.72 m
V = Velocity in the shell = 3.45 m/sec
t = Thickness of the pipe = 14 mm
αu = Slope angle of penstock upstream of anchor = 45 o

αd = Slope angle of penstock downstream of anchor = 14 o

γs = Unit weight of steel = 78.60 kN/m3

P = Dead weight of pipe from anchor uphill to expansion joint
(πD)x (t) (L1) x(dsteel) = 133.21 kN
P' = Dead weight of pipe from anchor downhill to expansion joint =
(πD)x (t) (L2) x(dsteel) = 171.52 kN
W = Weight of water in pipe P
πd2/4 x L1 x w = 847.4 kN
W' = Weight of water in pipe P'
πd2/4 xL2 x w = 1091.1 kN
p = Weight of pipe and contained water from anchor to adjacent
uphill pier = 980.62 kN
p' = Weight of pipe and contained water from anchor to adjacent
downhill pier = 1262.64 kN
g = Acceleration due to gravity = 9.81 m/s2
f= Coefficient of friction of pipe on piers = 0.15
Ref : IS : 5330-1984,Cl.5.5
Grade of Concrete = M30
Grade of steel Fe415
Unit weight of R.C.C = 25 kN/m3
Length of anchor block = 4 m
Breadth of anchor block = 3 m
Depth of anchor block = 9 m
 Calculating Forces on Anchor Block as per IS 5330-1984
The various forces acting on the anchor block are as under
1 Hydrostatic force acting along axis of pipe on each side of bend
Fs=wAH = 4482.68 kN
2 Dynamic force acting against outside of bend
Fd = QwV/g = 74.69 kN
3 Force due to dead weight of pipe from anchor uphill
tending to slide downhill over pier, Du = P sinαu = 94 kN
4 Force due to dead weight of pipe from anchor downhill
tending to slide downhill over pier, Du = P' sinαd = 41 kN
5 Sliding friction of the pipe on piers due to expansion or contraction
uphill from anchor Spu = f cosαu(P+W-p/2) = 52 kN
6 Sliding friction of the pipe on piers due to expansion or contraction
uphill from anchor Spu = f cosαd(P'+W'-p'/2) = 92 kN

αd = 14 0

αu = 45o X

1 2

2 4

3 6

Resolving the forces horizontally and vertically

S.No.of Uphill Downhill

Force H V H V
1 3169.7 3169.7 4349.5 1084.5
2 52.8 52.8 72.5 18.1
3 66.6 66.6 91.4 22.8
4 29.3 29.3 40.3 10.0
5 36.8 36.8 50.5 12.6
6 65.0 65.0 89.2 22.2
 Calculating the forces as per IS 5330
S.No.of
Uphill Downhill
Force
1 3169.7 4349.5 = -1179.8
2 52.8 - 72.5 = -19.7
3 66.6 = 66.6
4 - 40.3 = 40.3
5 36.8 = 36.8
6 - 89.2 = -89.2

ΣH -1145kN
S.No.of
Uphill Downhill
Force
1 3169.7 1084.5 = 4254.2
2 52.8 18.1 = 70.9
3 66.6 = 66.6
4 10.0 = 10.0
5 36.8 = 36.8
6 22.2 = -22.2

ΣV 4416kN

Checking for inclination of resultant force

Applied horizontal force Fx = 1145 kN

Applied vertical force = 4416 kN

Vertical force due to weight of anchor block

4x3x9x25 = 2700 kN

Deduction for pipe = 462 kN

Deduction for stand pipe of 300 mm dia. = 1.06 kN

Therefore vertical weight due to anchor block = 2237.1 kN

Therefore net vertical force Fy = 6653 kN

Resultant force,R
(Fx)2+(Fy)2 = 6751 kN

Angle of resultant force with horizontal = 80.24 o

This is greater than 30 Hence O.K

Check for sliding factor

Factor of safety against sliding, i.e.

Fx/Fy = 0.17 < 0.4
Hence O.K
4
Check for stresses

80.24
9.76
B
A E D
C
 AD = 4Cos9.77 = 3.94 m
BD = 4Sin9.77 0.68 m
The vertical height from the centre of pipe to the bottom
of anchor block = 4.5 m
The horizontal distance of the resultant from the centre of
anchor block 2xTan9.77 = 0.77 m
The horizontal distance of the resultant from the end of
anchor block 2-0.78 = 1.23 m

The length of the modified base perpendicular to the

resultant force = 3.94 m

The length of the intercept of the modified base by

the resultant force = 1.23 m

Eccentricity of the resultant force along modified base (e)

AD/2-AE = 0.77

So, the stresses at the base given by equation

P/A (1+6e/d) = 475.16 kN/m2
P/A (1-6e/d) = -102.31 kN/m2

DUE TO SEISMIC:

ΣH = -1145kN
ΣV = 4416kN
Ref: IS :1893-1984
Horizontal seismic = αh
coefficient
= 0.03
Vertical seismic = αv
coefficient = 0.015
αh ΣH = 34.35 kN

αv ΣV = -66.24 kN

ΣH' = -1179.31 kN
ΣV' = 4350.01 kN
Checking for inclination of resultant force

Applied horizontal force,Fx = 1179 kN

Applied vertical force,Fy = 4350 kN

Vertical force due to weight of anchor block
4x3x9x25 = 2700 kN

Deduction for pipe = 462 kN

Therefore vertical weight due to anchor block = 2237.1 kN

Therefore net vertical force Fy = 4350 + 2237

= 6587 kN
Resultant force,R
(Fx)2+(Fy)2 = 6692 kN

Angle of resultant force with horizontal = Tan-1 Fy

Fx
= 79.85 o

This is greater than 30 Hence O.K

Check for sliding factor
Factor of safety against sliding, i.e.
Fx/Fy = 0.18 < 0.4
Hence O.K

Check for stresses

79.85
10.15
B
A
E C D
4

AD = Cos10.16 = 3.94 m
BD = Sin10.16 0.70 m
The vertical height from the centre of pipe to the bottom
of anchor block = 4.5 m
The horizontal distance of the resultant from the centre of
anchor block 2xtan10.16 = 0.36 m
The horizontal distance of the resultant from the end of
anchor block 2-0.36 = 1.64 m

The length of the modified base perpendicular to the

resultant force = 3.94 m

The length of the intercept of the modified base by

the resultant force = 1.62 m

Eccentricity of the resultant force along modified base (e)

AD/2-AE = 0.36

So, the stresses at the base given by equation

P/A (1+6e/d) = 319.93 kN/m2
P/A (1-6e/d) = 52.92 kN/m2

DESIGN OF REINFORCEMENT FOR ANCHOR BLOCK :

Nominal steel required Ast = 0.85
bd fy
Ast = 18208 mm2

For reinforcement details,Ref . Drawing of Reinf. Details of Anchor Block

Design of Bend
Bend is designed as per IS:11639 Part-III
The bends are provided for the delivery mains at El.(+) 346.000 & El..(+) 294.000 m
The deflection angle at El.(+) 294.000 m is 45 0
The deflection angle at El.(+) 346.000 m is 59 0
Deflection angle = 45 + 14
= 59 0
Diameter of pipe = 2.8 m

Thickness of pipe shell = 14 mm

Radius of bend = 3 to 5 D
= 8.4 to 14 m
Providing the radius of bend as 10 m
The deflection angle between the successive bends = 5 to 10 0
Providing the deflection angle between = 59
successive bends 7
= 8.43 0

Providing 6 segments each of deflection angle 8.43 0

Providing 2 segments at first and at end with deflection angle 3.822

Deflection angle = 45 0 ( @ El.(+) 294.000 m )

Providing the deflection angle
between the successuve bends as = 45
7
= 6.43 0
Providing 6 segments each of deflection angle 6.43 0
Providing 2 segments at first and at end with deflection angle 3.21
Column reinforcement
No of bars = 12 No.
Dia of bar = 25 mm
Ast provided = 5890 mm2
No of columns = 4
Length of the each bar = 6.8 m
Total length of the bar = 81.6
Weight of the steel in Kg/m = 3.86 kg/m
Weight of steel in each column = 314.81 kg
Total weight of steel in four columns = 1259.3 kg
Perimeter of each stirrup = 2.48 m say 2.6
No. of stirrups = 45.33 Say 46.0
Weight of total stirrups = 461.42 kg

Footing reinforcement
Dia of the bar = 16 mm
No of bars = 40 bars
Two ways = 80 bars
Total length of the bar = 480 m
Total weight os steel = 1852 kg

Total weight of steel in column and footing = 3572.5 kg

 DESIGN OF SADDLE

Avg ground level = + 330.145 m

Thickness of the block = 1m

Width of the block = 4m

Height of the block on anchor = 1.6 m

block side

Height of the block on pump = 0.6 m

house side

Average height of the saddle = 1.3 m

Volume of the saddle support = 1 x4 x 1.30

= 5.2 m3

Weight of the saddle support = 5.2 x 25.0

= 130 kN

Weight of the column = 1 x 0.4 x 6.35 x 25

= 63.5 kN

Total dead load = 130 + 63.5

= 193.5 kN

Inclined length of the pipe line = 12.5 m

from the intermediate support to
anchor block

Inclined length of the pipe line = 5m

from the pump house side to
intermediate support
Dia. of the pipe = 2.8 m
Unit weight of water = 10 kN/m3

Unit weight of steel = 78.6 kN/m3

Weight of the water and the steel = 71.22 kN/m

per m length

Weight on the support = 71.22 x ( 12.5 + 5.0 ) x 0.5

= 623.16 kN

Total load due to wt of water = 934.75 kN

and steel
Horizontal load = 228.6 kN
(10% of total load)
Designing as a portal frame
934.75

B C
2.75 m

7.62 m

A D

Height of the column = 7.62 m(h)

Length of the beam = 2.75 m(L)
Size of beam = 1000 x600 mm(I2)
Size of the column = 1000 x800 mm(I1)
I1 = 1000 x 800 3
12
= 4.27E+10 mm4
I2 = 1000 x 600 3
12
= 1.80E+10 mm4
Ref : Table-72 "Framed structures:portal frames:special cases" of "Reinforced Concrete
Designer's Handbook" TENTH EDITION BY Charles E.Reynolds and James C.Steedman
K = I2 h
x
I1 L
K = 1.17
k1 = K +2
= 1.17 + 2
= 3.17 m
MA = MD = 1402.12 x 2.75
8 x 3.17
= 152.09 kN-m
MB = MC = 1402.12 x 2.75
4 x 3.17
= 304.19 kN-m
Mmax = 1402.12 x 2.75 - 304.19
4
= 659.77 kN-m
VA = VC
= 1402.12
2
= 701.06 kN
Self weight of the beam = 1 x 0.6 x 25.0
= 15 kN/m
22.5 kN/m

B 2.75 m C

7.620 m
A D
Ref : Table-72 "Framed structures:portal frames:special cases" of "Reinforced Concrete
Designer's Handbook" TENTH EDITION by Charles E.Reynolds and James C.Steedman

MA = MD = 15 x 2.75 2
12 x 3.17
= 2.98 kN-m
MB = Mc = 15 x 2.75 2
6 x 3.169
= 5.966 kN-m

Mmax = 15 x 2.75 2 -5.966

8
= 8.21 kN-m
VA = Vc
= 15 x 2.75
2
= 20.63 kN
Design of column
Size of the column = 1000 x800 mm
Effective depth of the column = 947.5 mm
Effective depth of the column = 747.5 mm
Concentrated load at centre = 934.75 kN
Load due to weight of the block = 30.94 + 701.06
and weight of the steel and water = 732.00 kN

Load on each column = 732.00 kN

Factored load = 732.00 x 1.5
= 1098.00 kN
Moment in transverse direction = 310.15 kN-m
(Muy)
Height of column = 7.620 m
Horizontal load on each column = 228.65 kN
Moment in longitudinal direction = 228.65 x 7.620
(Mux) = 1742.29 kN-m
Effective length of the column = 7.620 m
Slenderness ratio = 7620
800
= 9.53 < 12
Short column
Column is designed as a member subjected to combined axial load and bi-axial bending.
Ref : Cl.39.6 of IS:456-2000
αn αn
Mux + Muy ≤ 1
Mux1 Muy1
Pu = 732.00 x 1.5
= 1098.00 kN

Puz = 0.45 x fck x Ac + 0.75 x fy x Asc

Assuming1.4% of steel
Ast,req = 1.4 x 1000 x 800
100
= 11200 mm2
Provide 25 Φ of 24 No.
Ast,provided = 11775 mm 2
> 11200 mm2 O.K.
Puz = 0.45 x 30 x 790400 + 0.75 x 415 x 9600
= 13658400 N or 13658.4 kN
pt provided = 1.47
Pu = 1098.00
Puz 13658.4

= 0.080 < 0.2

αn = 1
Pu = 0.046
fckbd
pt = 0.049
fck
d' = 0.07
D

Ref : Chart-45 of SP-16

Mux1 = 0.09
fckbD2
Mux1 = 2160 kN-m

To calculate Muy1
Pu = 0.046
fckbd
d' = 0.05
D

Ref : Chart-43 of SP-16

Muy1 = 0.09
fckbD2
pt = 0.049
fck
Muy1 = 1728.00 kN-m
 1.0 1.0
Mux + Muy ≤ 1
Mux1 Muy1

1742.29 + 310.15
2160 1728

0.81 + 0.179 = 0.99 < 1

Hence O.K.
Provide 10 TOR @ 150 mm c/c as transverse reinforcement

Design of beam ( 1000 x 600 mm)

Span of the beam = 2.75 m
Effective depth = 762.5 mm
Maximum B.M. = 659.77 + 8.21
= 667.98 kN-m

Mu = 667.98 x 10 6 x 1.5
bd2 1000 x 762.5 2
= 1.72
From Table No.4 of SP-16 Page No.50

for Mu = 1.72
bd2
pt = 0.475
pt
Ast,req = 0.475 x 1000 x 763
100
= 3622 mm2
Provide 25 TOR 6 Nos as main reinforcement at bottom
Ast,provided = 2944 mm2 < 3622
Ast,req = mm2
Maximum negative B.M. = 5.97 + 304.19
= 310.15 kN-m
Mu = 310.15 x 10 6 x 1.5
bd2 1000 x 763 2
= 0.80
From Table No.4 of SP-16,Page No.50
For Fe-415,
Mu
pt
bd2
0.9 0.259
0.95 0.274
pt = 0.229 %
Ast required = 0.229 x 1000 x 763
100
= 1747 mm2
Provide 20 TOR 7 Nos as top reinforcement.
Ast provided = 2198 mm2 > 1747
Ast req = mm2

Shear Force = 732.00 kN

Nominal shear stress = 732.00 x 1000 x 1.5

1000 x 763
= 1.44 N/mm2
pt = 100 Ast
bd
= 100 x 2198.00
1000 x 763
= 0.29
Permissible shear stress,ζc = 0.38 N/mm2

Vus(Sheear to be resisted) = 732.00 x 1.5 x 10 3

- 0.380 x 1000 x 763
= 808245 N
Provide 10 Φ
Sv = 0.87 x 415 x 4 x 78.5 x 763
808245
= 106.95 mm
Provide 10 Φ 4L - stirrups @ 100 mm c/c
Design of foundation
Axial load = 130 + 732.00
= 862.00 kN
Factored axial load = 1293.00 kN
Self weight of footing = 129.30 kN
(10% of axial load)
Total factored load = 1293.00 + 193.95
= 1486.94 kN
Area of the footing = 6 x 8.0
= 48 m2
Moment in the longitudinal = 1742.29 kN-m
direction
Moment in the tranverse = 310.15 kN-m
direction
The resultant soil pressure at any section is given by
pmax = 1486.94
48
+
1742.29
6 x 8.0 2
6
+
310.15
8.0 x 6.0 2
6

= 31.0 + 27.2 + 6.5

= 64.7 kN/m2

pmin = 1486.94
48
-
1742.29
6 x 8.0 2
6
-
310.2
6 x 8.0 2
6
= 31.0 - 27.2 - 4.8
= -1.1 kN/m2
Pressure at the face of column = 40.55 kN/m2

Bending Moment (Section for bending moment is taken at the face of column)

Max. B.M. = 40.55 x 1.5 x 3.5 2

2
= 372.58 kN-m
Provide overall depth of 500 mm with effective depth of 440
mm for shear considerations
Mu = 372.58 x 10 6
bd2 6000 x 440 2
= 0.32
From Table No.4 of SP-16,Page No.50
Mu
pt
bd2
1 0.289
2.35 0.724
pt = 0.289
Ast,req = 0.289 x 1000 x 500
100
= 1445 mm2

Provide 16 TOR @ 120 mm c/c on both ways

Ast,provided = 1675 mm2 > 1445
Ast,req mm2
Check for one way shear
Critical section is taken at distance d away from the face of column
Vu = 40.55 x 1.5 x ( 3.50 - 0.440 )
= 186.14 kN/m2
Nominal shear stress,ζv = 186.14 x 10 3 x 1.5
6000 x 440
= 0.11 N/mm2
pt = 100 Ast
bd
= 100 x 1675
1000 x 440
= 0.38
Permissible shear stress,ζc = 0.64 N/mm2 > 0.11
Hence O.K. N/mm2
Check for Two way shear
The critical section is taken at distance d/2 from the face of the column
Vu = 40.55 x 2.38 x 1.5

= 144.8 kN

ζc' = ks x ζc
ks = 0.5 + βc
βc = 800
1000
= 0.8
ks = 0.5 + 0.8
= 1.3
ks = 1
Ref : IS:456-2000,Cl.31.6.3.1
ζc' = 1 x 0.25 ( 30 )

= 1.37 N/mm2

Nominal shear stress = 144.8 x 1000

2 ( 800 + 440 ) + 2 ( 1000 + 440 ) x 440

= 0.06 N/mm2 < 1.37 N/mm2

Hence O.K.
 DESIGN OF COMBINED FOOTING
CF 1
Col 'A' Col 'B'
Load Mx Mz Load Mx Mz
862 1742.3 310.15 862 1742.5 310.15

1.38
Sbc of soil 400 kN/m² L1 L2 L3
Fck 30 N/mm²
Clear cover 50 mm
Fy 415 N/mm²

2.75
A B
Size of A 0.80 1.00 m
Size of B 0.80 1.00 m
Dist between cols 'L2' 2.75 m
2.125 2.750 2.125
Area of footing 4.74 m² 7.00
B 2.75 m
L 7.00 m 6.97 Ft 9.02 Ft 6.97 Ft
L1 2.125 m
L3 2.125 m

C.G.of Load from 'A' 1.375 m

GUP 324 kN/m² which is less than S.B.C

NUP 315 kN/m²
Max factored N.U.P 473 kN/m²
Upward pressure per m lg 1300 kN/m
Shear force analysis -1468 kN 2761 kN
S.F just LHS of Col A 'V1' -2761 kN
S.F just RHS of Col A 'V2' -1468 kN + +

- 1.38 -
S.F just LHS of Col B 'V1' 2761 kN
S.F just RHS of Col B 'V2' 1468 kN -2761 kN 1468 kN

Pt of zero shear 1.38 m SFD

Max BM from LHS of 'A' 6181.59 kNm Tension at bottom

Max BM from RHS of 'B' 6181.59 kNm Tension at bottom
BM A+ 1933.42 kNm
BM B+ 1933.42 kNm

6181.59
Transverse Moment
Up pressure under'A' 470 kN/m 1933.42 1933.42
T-Moment 'A' 180 kNm BMD(kNm)
Up pressure under'B' 470 kN/m
T-Moment 'B' 180 kNm

Mmax 6181.59
d req 737 169 169
D 1500
d 1437.5 mm or 1.4375 m

dia of bar steel req Min steel No of bars Spacing

provided (mm)
Main -ve longitudinal Steel 25 12460 4744 25 108 c/c
Steel at Col A 20 3777 4744 15 187 c/c
Steel at Col B 20 3777 4744 15 187 c/c
Trans steel under col A 20 347 5621 18 181 c/c
Trans steel under col B 20 347 5621 18 181 c/c
Distribution steel at top 20 4744 15 187 c/c
 Check for oneway shear
Shear force for Col A 374 kN
Shear force for Col B 374 kN

Nominal shear stress tv 'A' 0.09 N/mm²

Nominal shear stress tv 'B' 0.09 N/mm²

Percent tension steel 'p' 0.32

Tc 0.41 safe

Check for twoway shear

Shear force for Col A 1293 kN
Shear force for Col B 1293 kN
tc 1.37
V 'A' 915 kN
bo 'A' 9.35 m
V 'B' 915 kN
bo 'B' 9.35 m
Nominal shear stress tv 'A' 0.07 N/mm²
Nominal shear stress tv 'B' 0.07 N/mm² safe