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1.0 m
3.0 m
.1
1.5 m
.2
Qu.1
1.0 m
3.0 m
.1
Assume flow is Down
Therefore, hloss acts 1.5 m
upwards HL .2
æ p1 V12 ö æ p2 V22 ö
ç + + z1 ÷ - H L = ç + + z2 ÷
è r g 2g ø è r g 2g ø
Qu.1
1.0 m
3.0 m
Assume flow is Down .1
Therefore, hloss acts
upwards 1.5 m
HL
.2
æ p1 V12 ö æ p2 V22 ö
ç + + z1 ÷ - H L = ç + + z2 ÷
è r g 2g ø è r g 2g ø
= 1.5 m =0m
V1 = V2 =1m =3m
HLoss = −0.5 m….. –Ve implies HL in opp direction, hence
Flow should be uphill
Qu.1
1.0 m
3.0 m
.2
1.5 m
HL
.1
Assume flow is Upwards
Therefore, hloss acts Down
æ p V 2 ö æ p V 2 ö
ç 1 + 1 + z1 ÷- H Losses = ç 2 + 2 + z2 ÷
èrg 2g ø èrg 2g ø
Qu.1
1.0 m
3.0 m
Assume flow is UP .2
Therefore, hloss acts
Down 1.5 m
HL .1
æ p V 2 ö æ p V 2 ö
ç 1 + 1 + z1 ÷- H Losses = ç 2 + 2 + z2 ÷
èrg 2g ø èrg 2g ø
=0m =1m
V1 = V2 =3m =1m
HLoss = + 0.5 m….. +Ve flow uphill is correct
Qu.2 Pump head
Hp (m)
Open tank
Pump curve
Hp = 20 −2000Q2
6m
pump
Flow rate
Q (m3/s)
diameter = 0.07 m
.1 Pump curve
Hp = 20 -2000Q2
Open tank
6m
pump
dia = 0.07 m
.2 Flow rate
Q (m3/s)
6m 0m
Q = 0.052 m3/s
Inlet
Qu 3 P1 = 415 kPa
Q = 4.5 m3/s
dia1 = 1 m
Turbine
3m
Outlet
P2 = 25 cm Hg vacuum
dia2 = 1.2 m
Turbine
3m
Outlet
P2 = 25 cm Hg vacuum
dia2 = 1.2 m
P1 (V1 )2 P2 (V2 )2
+ + z1 - H L - H turbine = + + z2
r g 2g r g 2g
Flow 8 cm dia
5 cm dia
orifice
An orifice meter is used to measure the water flow rate along a horizontal section
of a piping system. A 5-cm-diameter orifice plate is inserted into the 8-cm-
diameter pipe. If the water flowrate through the pipe is 0.03 m3/s, determine the
pressure difference indicated by a manometer attached to the flow meter.
Kinematic viscosity of water is given as 1.12×10−6 m2/s.
2 ( p1 - p2 )
Apply BE between 1 to 2 Q = Ao r (1- 4 )
æ p1 V12 ö æ p2 V2 2 ö This is ideal flow ; no Losses
ç + + z ÷ = ç + + z ÷
ç rg 2 g 1 ÷ ç rg 2 g 2 ÷
è ø è ø For actual flow :
2 ( p1 - p2 )
Qactual = Co Ao r (1- 4 )
Co is flow coef for orifice
Qu 4 orifice
Flow
8 cm dia .1 .2
5 cm dia
Find P1 –P2
Qu 4
2 ( p1 - p 2 )
To find P1 –P2 Q = Co Ao r (1- 4 )
Q is given
Ao is area at orifice
= d2/d1 = 0.50/0.80 = 0.625
Need to find Co
VD (5.97)(0.08)
Re = = = 4. 26 x10 5
1.12 x10 -6
Qu 4
From figure, with Re = 4.26×105 and = 0.625
Co = 0.608
2 ( p1 - p2 )
Q = Co Ao r (1- 4 )
Q = 0.03 m3/s
Co = 0.608
r = 1000 kg/m3
= 0.625
Pressure at point 1
Tutorial 5
Qu 5
Flow across nozzle is : = 50/80 = 0.625
2( p1 - p 2 ) p1 – p2 = gwaterh
Q = Cn An r (1- 4 ) p1 – p2 = (9810)7.3/1000
p1 – p2 = 71.5 Pa
Q = 0.0230Cn
dnozzle = 50 mm
VD(4.44)(0.08)
Re = = = 2.43x10 4
1.46x10 -5
= 0.625
Re No = 24300
Qu 5 Q = 0.0230Cn
Cn = 0.963
2) Cn = 0.963…gives… Q = 0.0221 m3/s
VD (4.40)(0.08)
Re = = = 2.41x10 4
1.46x10 -5