Science 10

Science – Grade 10
Quarter 2 – Module 2: Electromagnetic Waves
First Edition, 2020

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Published by the Department of Education Division of Pasig City

Development Team of the Self-Learning Module

Writer: Marissa E. Tadeja
Editor: Jocelyn A.Prado
Reviewers: Jocelyn A. Prado (Content and Language)
Aillen G. Sumagaysay (Technical)
Illustrator: Edison P. Clet
Layout Artist: Mark Kihm G. Lara
Management Team: Ma. Evalou Concepcion A. Agustin
OIC-Schools Division Superintendent
Carolina T. Rivera, CESE
OIC-Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
Victor M. Javeña EdD
Chief, School Governance and Operations Division and
OIC-Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Education Program Supervisors

Librada L. Agon EdD (EPP/TLE/TVL/TVE)

Liza A. Alvarez (Science/STEM/SSP)
Bernard R. Balitao (AP/HUMSS)
Joselito E. Calios (English/SPFL/GAS)
Norlyn D. Conde EdD (MAPEH/SPA/SPS/HOPE/A&D/Sports)
Wilma Q. Del Rosario (LRMS/ADM)
Ma. Teresita E. Herrera EdD (Filipino/GAS/Piling Larang)
Perlita M. Ignacio PhD (EsP)
Dulce O. Santos PhD (Kindergarten/MTB-MLE)
Teresita P. Tagulao EdD (Mathematics/ABM)

Printed in the Philippines by Department of Education – Schools Division of

Pasig City
Science 10
Quarter 2
Self-Learning Module 2
Electromagnetic Waves
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:

Welcome to the Science 10 Self-Learning Module 2 on Electromagnetic

Waves
This Self-Learning Module was collaboratively designed, developed and
reviewed by educators from the Schools Division Office of Pasig City headed by its
Officer-in-Charge Schools Division Superintendent, Ma. Evalou Concepcion A.
Agustin, in partnership with the City Government of Pasig through its mayor,
Honorable Victor Ma. Regis N. Sotto. The writers utilized the standards set by the K
to 12 Curriculum using the Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC) in
developing this instructional resource.
This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and
independent learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims
to help learners acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely:
Communication, Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while
taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.

In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:

Notes to the Teacher

This contains helpful tips or strategies
that will help you in guiding the learners.

As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them
to manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist
the learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
 For the Learner:

Welcome to the Science 10 Self-Learning Module 2 on Electromagnetic

Waves
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an
active learner.

This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

Expectations - This points to the set of knowledge and skills

that you will learn after completing the module.

Pretest - This measures your prior knowledge about the lesson

at hand.

Recap - This part of the module provides a review of concepts

and skills that you already know about a previous lesson.

Lesson - This section discusses the topic in the module.

Activities - This is a set of activities that you need to perform.

Wrap-Up - This section summarizes the concepts and

application of the lesson.

Valuing - This part integrates a desirable moral value in the

lesson.

Posttest – This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
 EXPECTATIONS

In your previous Science classes you were introduced with basic concepts
about Electromagnetic Waves. You learned that it is a form of energy traveling
through space. Electromagnetic radiation is one of the many ways that energy
travels through space. Light from the sun, the X-rays used by your doctor, heat
from a fire as well as the energy used to cook food in a microwave are all forms of
electromagnetic radiation. While these forms of energy might seem quite different
from one another, they are related in that they all exhibit wave like properties.
There are two (2) types of waves, mechanical waves and electromagnetic
waves. All types of waves are characterized with wavelength, frequencies and
velocities. How do mechanical waves differ with electromagnetic waves?

After reading this module you are expected to:

1. define electromagnetic waves.
2. describe the direction of electric and magnetic field to the propagation
of electromagnetic waves.
3. realize the importance of using electromagnetic waves appropriately
and safely as a tool for wireless communication.

PRETEST

Choose the letter of the correct answer

1. Electromagnetic waves (EM) can transfer energy without a (an)
A. Medium
B. Electric field
C. Magnetic Field
D. A change in Electric and Magnetic Field

2. The electric and magnetic field that makes up an electromagnetic waves

are travelling perpendicular to each other. What kind of wave is EM wave?
A. Longitudinal Wave
B. Mechanical Wave
C. Transverse Waves
D. Transverse and Longitudinal Waves

3.Which of the following DOES NOT correctly describe Electromagnetic

waves?
A.EM waves show transverse wave property.
B.EM waves travel with the same speed in a vacuum.
C. EM waves wavelength and frequency are directly proportional.
D.EM waves are disturbances in a the field rather than in a medium.
4.How do you compare the speed of EM waves to the speed of light as it propagates
in space or vacuum?
A. Changing depending on the medium
B. Slower than the speed of light
C. Faster than the speed of light
D. Equal to the speed of light

5. Cell phones and other gadgets are now being used in text based instruction as a
new learning modality adopted by the department of education. Knowing that we
are exposed in a certain amount of electromagnetic radiation, which of the
following should be avoided to reduce radiation exposure from mobile devices?
A. Don’t sleep next to your phone or other devices.
B. Unplug from your usual device usage as much as possible.
C. Don’t keep your phone next to your body such as in a pocket.
D. Keep on using your mobile phone or gadget after the online class for
gaming and relaxation.

RECAP

You have learned from the previous lesson about several electromagnetic
theories formulated by different scientists based on the studies and
experimentations conducted.

YES IT’S ME!

Write on a separate sheet the names of the scientists with their important
contributions in the development of Electromagnetic Wave Theory

1. André-Marie Ampère

2. Michael Faraday

3. Heinrich Rudolf Hertz

4. James Clerk Maxwell

5. Hans Christian Oersted

 LESSON

Home based learning or more commonly known as distance learning is

now adopted as a “new normal” learning modality in most of public and private
secondary schools in the Philippines due to the health risk caused by covid19
pandemic. The Department of Education utilizes different means such as
television, radio and different social media sites to make home based learning
possible. Likewise teachers and students should have either a laptop, desktop
computer, tablet PC or at least mobile phones to cope with the DepEd’s learning
platform, the text based instruction. Access to stable internet connection with the
use of Wi-fi routers at home is also a must in facilitating distance and on line
learning.

Figure 1: On line Class Learning Platform

https://www.google.com/search?q=online+classes+images

All electronic devices, gadgets such as television, laptop, desk top,

computers, tablet PC, mobile phones and Wi-fi routers can be used in home based
learning because of certain type of wave that facilitates wireless communication.We
refer to that wave as Electromagnetic waves (EM). EM waves are emitted by a
variety of electrical and electronic appliances that influence an integral part of our
lives. Now that we are facing covid 19 pandemic, we tend to utilize all these devices
for different work from home activities, on line classes, webinars, news and social
media updates and for relaxation.
Nature of Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic waves or EM waves are waves that are created as a result of
vibrations between an electric field and a magnetic field. EM waves are composed of
oscillating magnetic and electric fields. The figure below shows the magnetic field
(red) and electric field (blue) that constitute travelling electromagnetic waves in
space.

Figure 2: Electromagnetic Waves

Photo credit: https://www.toppr.com/guides/physics/communication-
systems/propagation-of-electromagnetic-waves/
The creation of Electromagnetic waves is possible when an electric field (E)
comes in contact with a magnetic field (B). Notice that the electric field and
magnetic field of an electromagnetic wave are perpendicular (at right angles) to
each other. They are also perpendicular to the direction of the EM wave. A
wavelength is labelled as the distance from a crest to another crest in the EM wave
train.
The figure below shows electric field (E) and magnetic field (B) of a point
charge. Both electric and magnetic fields have a direction so they are vector
quantities. Noticed that electric fields are directed away from a positive charge, and
moving towards a negative charge. Uncharged particle does not create electric field
lines. On the other hand, a moving charged particle is surrounded by a magnetic
field. Magnetic field is not possible for a charged particle that is not moving or
stationary.
EM waves occur when electrically charged particles move. Charged particles
exert an electric force on each other, so they have electric fields. A moving charged
particle creates a magnetic force, so a moving charge also has a magnetic field
around it. When electrically charged particles move quickly, they can start a
disturbance of electric and magnetic fields. The fields vibrate at right angles to each
other, as shown in the diagram above. Electromagnetic wave travels in the form of
these vibrating fields.
 Figure 3: Electric and Magnetic Fields

https://www.google.com/search?q=elctric+field+and+amgnetic+field+images
Speed and Properties of Electromagnetic Waves
Electromagnetic waves travel with a constant velocity of 3.00 x 10 8 m/s in a
vacuum. The speed of EM waves is equal to the speed of light (c). An
electromagnetic wave can travel through anything - be it air, a solid material or
vacuum. It does not need a medium to propagate or travel from one place to
another. Like all waveforms, EM waves have some properties as well. Let us have a
look at the properties of electromagnetic wave propagation. They are deflected neither
by the electric field, nor by the magnetic field. However, they are capable of showing
interference or diffraction. EM waves are transverse waves therefore they can
also be polarized. A detailed concepts of the different properties of EM waves will
be discussed in the next modules.
Electromagnetic waves like mechanical waves are measured and
characterized by the wave’s amplitude (height) and wavelengths (distance between
the highest/lowest points of two consecutive waves), and frequencies (number of
waves produced in a unit of time). The wavelength (λ) and frequency (f) of the EM
waves can be related in this equation, c = f. λ ,where c is the speed of light (3.0 x 10
8 m/s).
 ACTIVITIES

The succeeding activities will engage you to discover more about

Electromagnetic waves. Simple materials are needed but be cautious in using them
to avoid harm. Be mindful in following the instructions and taking notes while
observing and performing the activity is highly advised.

ACTIVITY 1: Electromagnetic Wave Model

Learning Competency: Compare the relative wavelengths of different forms of
electromagnetic waves (S10FE-IIa-47) S10FE-IIa-47.2

Objectives: At the end of the activity you should be able to :

1. create a model of EM Wave; and

2. demonstrate patience in doing tasks.
II. MATERIALS:

• Two colors of drinking straws (red- Electric field, blue- Magnetic field)
• Cartolina ( red – Electric field, blue Magnetic field )
• Scissors
• Bamboo stick ( 1meter)
• Stapler
• Staple wire
III. PROCEDURES:

1. Cut the straws with their corresponding sizes following the shape and color
of the Electromagnetic wave.
2. Make (2) strips of paper from cartolina ( red and blue ) ( 1meter in length
and 6 cm in width ).
3. Staple strips of paper to the straws ( end cut ).
4. Attach the straws to the bamboo stick.
 Blue Straw

Bamboo stick

Red Straw

Source: https://sureshemre.files.wordpress.com/2014/04/electromagneticwave.gif
Closure: Describe the orientation of electric field and magnetic field and
relate the direction to the motion of EM waves.
 WRAP-UP

Activity 2: EM Waves Graphic Organizer

Learning Competency: Compare the relative wavelengths of different forms of
electromagnetic waves (S10FE-IIa-47) S10FE-IIa-47.2

Objectives: At the end of the activity you should be able to:

1. describe the nature of Electromagnetic Wave; and
2. define Electromagnetic wave.
Procedure: Make your own or complete the Graphic Organizer below using the
terms in the WORD POOL

WORD POOL
Electromagnetic waves
Electric field

Magnetic field
Perpendicular
Transverse

Space/vacuum ,
3.0 x 10 8 m/s , frequency

Constant speed, wavelength

Sample graphic organizer

Closure: How are electromagnetic waves produced? Define and describe EM waves.

__________________________________________________________________________________
 VALUING

REFLECTIVE ACTIVITY

Activity 3: Safety with Gadgets

Learning Competency: Compare the relative wavelengths of different forms of

electromagnetic waves (S10FE-IIa-47)

Objective: At the end of the activity the learner should be able to realize the
importance of proper utilization of electromagnetic waves.

Make a short reflection about the issue presented below: Write your answer
on a separate sheet of paper.
Worry or worry not on
Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Exposure?

Most of us are used to the

conveniences of modern life. But few of us
are aware of the possible health risks
presented by the gadgets that make our
world work.
It turns out that our cell phones, Wi-
Fi routers, computers, and other appliances
send out a stream of invisible energy (EM)
waves that some experts are concerned
about. Should we be concerned?
Several studies on low-frequency
EMFs suggest these energy fields may cause
various neurological and psychiatric
problems in people. Studies found a link
between EMF exposure and changes in
human nerve function throughout the body,
affecting things like sleep and mood.
According to the latest research, EMFs are
unlikely to cause any adverse health effects.
You should feel safe using your cell phones,
and appliances.

Closure: Suggest ways on how you can be protected with EMF’s exposure and be
prevented from any adverse health effects.
 POSTTEST

Choose the letter of the correct answer

1. In which of the following can the speed of an Electromagnetic wave be
determined?
A. Wavelength divided by Frequency
B. Frequency divided by Wavelength
C. Wavelength times Frequency
D. Wavelength plus Frequency

2. Which of the following best describes EM waves?

A. EM waves are transverse waves produced by electrically charged particles.
B. EM waves are longitudinal waves produced by electrically charged
particles.
C. EM waves consist of travelling Electric and Magnetic fields that are
parallel in space.
D. EM waves consist of travelling Electric and Magnetic fields that require a
medium for its propagation.

3. In a vacuum or space EM waves have the same:

A. Amplitude
B. Frequency
C. Velocity
D. Wavelength

4. Which of the following can be a source that is responsible for the creation of
Electromagnetic waves?
A. Charges in uniform motion
B. Stationary charges
C. Moving charges
D. Unlike charges

5. Which of the following can be a good practice to ensure less radiation

exposure from electromagnetic waves while using mobile phones?
A. Put your phone down when you aren’t using it.
B. Leave your phone in another room when you sleep.
C. Use the speaker function or ear buds so it doesn’t have to be by your ear.
D. All of the above
KEY TO CORRECTION
 References
https://www.healthline.com/health-news/fcc-investigating-smart-phone-radiation-
iphones-emitting-double-reported-levels
https://www2.lbl.gov/MicroWorlds/ALSTool/EMSpec/

http://abyss.uoregon.edu/~js/glossary/electromagnetic_radiation.html
https://www.khanacademy.org/science/physics/light-waves/introduction-to-light-
waves/a/light-and-the-electromagnetic-spectrum

https://www.worldofchemicals.com/475/chemistry-articles/hans-christian-
oersted-discoverer-of-electromagnetism.html
https://www.famousscientists.org/andre-marie-
"What Is EMF?". 2017. Electromagnetic Field (EMF) Safety From Safe Space Protection.
https://www.safespaceprotection.com/emf-health-risks/what-is-emf/.

"Effects Of Radiation". 2017. My Radiation Protection.

http://www.myradiationprotection.com/effects-of-radiation/.

http://www.classzone.com/vpg_ebooks/sci_sc_8/accessibility/sci_sc_8/page_506.
pdf