DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

SAFETY TOOL BOX USING RFID CARD

NAME ID NO
MUHAMAD SHAFFIZI BIN MAZLAN 01DKM19F2022

MOHAMAD YUSUF BIN ISMAIL 01DKM19F2025

NURUL AZREENA BT MUHAMMAD AZRAAI 01DKM19F2029

CLASS: DKM4B

SUPERVISOR: PUAN RAWAIDA BT MUHAMMAD

1
 Contents

Chapter Title Page

Chapter 1 Introduction
1.1 Introduction 3
1.2 Background of the study 3
1.3 Problem Statement 4
1.4 Objective 4
1.5 Study Question 4
1.6 Scope 5
1.7 Significance of the Study 5
1.8 Definition of Terms and Definition 5
1.9 Summary of Chapter 5

Chapter 2 Literature Review

2.1 Chapter Introduction 6
2.2 Concept Theory 6
2.2.1 Rectangular Aluminium Base 6
2.2.2 Nylon Handle 7
2.2.3 Enclosure Box 8
2.2.4 Tools Box 9
2.2.5 12vdc Magnetic Lock 9
2.2.6 Relay Module 10
2.2.7 Arduino RFID Card 11
2.2.8 Arduino Uno 12
2.2.9 Power Supply Adaptor 13
2.2.10 Voltage Regulator 14
2.3 Chapter Summary 15
Chapter 3 Methodology
3.1 Chapter Introduction 16
3.2 Research Design 16
3.3 Methods of data collection 16
3.4 Research instrument 17
3.5 Data analysis method 17
3.6 Chapter summary 27
Appendices Estimated cost 28
Gantt Chart 30
Reference 33

2
 BAB 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1 Introduction

Automation systems are a field that is rapidly growing and becoming the main choice
in the manufacturing sector where machines and tools are all automated. Automation is
basically a method that causes something tools or machines move automatically and it
will facilitate human work. One of the controls used is the arduino control which is one
of the control systems in this project. The system is widely used in an automation system
that produces various types of products. It is a multifunctional device or tool that can be
programmed repeatedly to do work in the manufacturing process.

1.2 Background of the Study

The title of this selected study is related to the spread of the epidemic (COVID-19)
which is spreading in every country today and found that one of the causes of the spread
of the epidemic is due to the contact of a person who has been infected with the virus
on an object and will be at high risk. to be infected to another person if a person touches
the same object. The virus can be absorbed into the human body if a person's hands are
not sanitized using alcoholic disinfectant liquids or using soap. In addition, this
infectious disease can also result in death if a person does not immediately seek
treatment by the hospital. After examining the research problems, researchers have
thought of preventive measures that can be done to reduce this epidemic from spreading
is to build an automatic access system on the toolbox in the workshop that can be used
by staff and students at the Polytechnic. This is because, the toolbox is always used by
most other students. To avoid many touches to open the toolbox by pressing the digit
number, the researcher would like to state the use of rfid card as an access to open the
toolbox and take items in the toolbox. This is because most toolboxes for use in the
workshop are repeatedly used while doing work in the workshop.

1.3 Problem Statement

If seen before, the way to use it is to open the toolbox. Researchers need to press
the access button to open it. There are a few individuals or groups of society are
still lazy to forget to maintain SOP and personal hygiene to do various activities
without sanitation on hands or things to be used before starting activities and at the
same time the virus can infect someone. Therefore, the use of RFID Card on the
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 toolbox is very important to prevent a person from being infected with the virus.
So, the researcher followed up this problem which is how to encourage a person to
use an RFID Card to open the toolbox and avoid using the access number button.

1.4 Objectives

i. To design secured toolbox with RFID card system

1.5 Study Questions

In the implementation of this project, the tools used are very many and have various
functions and uses. The questions raised by researchers such as 'Can this system have a
different impact from existing systems on the market?' the. In addition, the researcher also
proposed research questions such as ‘What are the main factors in the implementation of
this system? Researchers found that among the main factors of this problem is that
students who open the toolbox by using access numbers forgot the number and too many
touches on the access. However, this raises a question mark to the researcher that is ‘Is it
safe for the future.’ Yes, when using this RFID Card, access to the toolbox is only
available to certain people and cannot be used by others.

1.6 Scope

The scope of this project is to implement the use of RFID cards on this toolbox is as
security. Next, it is also an approach tool in maximizing the touch on the toolbox
when using the access number that needs to be pressed to open this toolbox. Since
the outbreak of this epidemic, all contact with tools, especially those that are always
held, should be minimized. However, this is sometimes impossible to control its
movement, so the researcher of this project uses a system that has been planned

4
 1.6 Significance of the study

In order to implement something, especially in the production of a new product, field

research is very necessary to understand all the things that want to be developed,
including design, analysis, requirements, acceptance and others. This can make the
study achieve the desired objectives and it is very beneficial to users who use the
products of the study. It is more meaningful, if the product produced can solve the
consumer’s problem
.
1.6 1.6 Definition of terms and operations.

This implemented system works with the use of electricity in 12 voltages only.
It requires electrical energy to activate all the systems in this operation to function.
It is very easy to carry and move to all the places the place promises to have electricity
supply. As a precaution for any undesirable circumstances such as the absence of
electricity supply etc., energy from the battery source will be supplied to ensure
that the system operates properly and stably.

Overall summary.

To implement this system as a whole, it is necessary to combine the important things in

its development such as mechanical design, electrical and electronic connections as well
as the ability to implement the programming system to run the process on this project
well and smoothly.

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 CHAPTER 2

LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Chapter Introduction

The purpose of this chapter is to provide a review of past research related

to this project is machine and component in develop of safety toolbox using
RFID CARD. This chapter also expose what component we use to create this
project.

2.2 Concept theories

2.2.1 Rectangular aluminium base

Aluminum does not exist in a pure state in nature. The production of primary
aluminum metal begins with bauxite ore, which is composed of hydrated
aluminum oxide (40% to 60%) mixed with silica and iron oxide. It takes
approximately 4 to 5 tonnes of bauxite ore to produce 2 tonnes of alumina.

History

Aluminium (or aluminum) metal is very rare in native form, and the process
to refine it from ores is complex, so for most of human history it was
unknown. However, the compound alum has been known since the 5th
century BCE and was used extensively by the ancients for dyeing. During the
Middle Ages, its use for dyeing made it a commodity of international
commerce. Renaissance scientists believed that alum was a salt of a new
earth; during the Age of Enlightenment, it was established that this earth,
alumina, was an oxide of a new metal. Discovery of this metal was announced
in 1825 by Danish physicist Hans Christian Ørsted, whose work was extended
by German chemist Friedrich Wöhler A key benefit of aluminum is its natural
resistance to rust and corrosion. Unlike steel, aluminum is protected by a layer
of aluminium oxide, which acts to protect the metal from exposure with air
and oxygen — two elements that are needed for the oxidative effects of
corrosion.
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2.2.2 Nylon Handle

Nylon is a synthetic thermoplastic linear polyamide (a large molecule whose

components are bound by a particular type of bond) that was first produced in
1935 by American chemist Wallace Carothers, who was then working at the
DuPont research facility in Delaware. Wallace produced what is technically
known as Nylon 66 (still one of the most common variants). Demand for
synthetic materials in general, and Nylon in particular, grew during World War
II when natural items like silk, rubber, and latex were in significantly shorter
supply.

Advantages Disadvantages

It can be useful to make different types of Nylon is hygroscopic in nature, so even

fabric products from the air it easily absorbs water.

Crinkled nylon is in use to make elastic Nylon swells and deteriorates rapidly
hosiery when it gets wet.

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2.2.3 Plastic Enclosure Box

Plastic enclosures are designed to house and protect sensitive electronic and
electrical components in a variety of applications. Some popular non-metallic
enclosure applications include desktop and handheld devices, remote sensors,
industrial control boxes, wireless and telecommunication devices, and more.
While the power of a hardware product comes from its internal components, a
product is typically recognized by its enclosure, the outer shell that encloses
electronic products, making them appealing and user-friendly. An enclosure,
according to the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA), is a
surrounding case constructed to provide a degree of protection to personnel
against incidental contact with the enclosed equipment and to provide a degree of
protection to the enclosed equipment against specified environmental

Advantages Disadvantages

Lesser price than a metal one Not good for wet conditions

Easy to install as well due to its lesser if exposed too long to hot rainy
weight and easy handling weather, it will quickly deteriorate

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2.2.4 Tools Box

A toolbox (also called toolkit, tool chest or workbox) is a box to organize, carry,
and protect the owner's tools. They could be used for trade, a hobby or DIY, and
their contents vary with the craft.

2.2.5 12v Magnetic lock

There are two main types of electric locking devices. Locking devices can be either "fail
safe" or "fail secure". A fail-secure locking device remains locked when power is lost.
Fail-safe locking devices are unlocked when de-energized. Direct pull electromagnetic
locks are inherently fail-safe. Typically the electromagnet portion of the lock is attached
to the door frame and a mating armature plate is attached to the door. The two
components are in contact when the door is closed. When the electromagnet is
energized, a current passing through the electromagnet creates a magnetic flux that
causes the armature plate to attract to the electromagnet, creating a locking action.

Advantages Disadvantages

inability to jam continuous power supply

long service life lock loses its ability to hold the door if no
power supply

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2.2.6 5v Relay Module (1 pole)

A relay is an electrically operated switch. It consists of a set of input terminals for

a single or multiple control signals, and a set of operating contact terminals. The
switch may have any number of contacts in multiple contact forms, such as make
contacts, break contacts, or combinations thereof. Relays are used where it is
necessary to control a circuit by an independent low-power signal, or where several
circuits must be controlled by one signal. Relays were first used in long-distance
telegraph circuits as signal repeaters: they refresh the signal coming in from one
circuit by transmitting it on another circuit. Relays were used extensively in
telephone exchanges and early computers to perform logical operations.

The traditional form of a relay uses an electromagnet to close or open the contacts,
but other operating principles have been invented, such as in solid-state relays
which use semiconductor properties for control without relying on moving parts.
Relays with calibrated operating characteristics and sometimes multiple operating
coils are used to protect electrical circuits from overload or faults; in modern
electric power systems these functions are performed by digital instruments still
called protective relays.

Advantages Disadvantages

Compact size and low cost Used only low current application

Easy install and troubleshoot Low speed of application

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2.2.7 Arduino RFID Card

RFID is an acronym for “radio-frequency identification” and refers to a technology

whereby digital data encoded in RFID tags or smart labels (defined below) are
captured by a reader via radio waves. RFID is similar to barcoding in that data from
a tag or label are captured by a device that stores the data in a database. RFID,
however, has several advantages over systems that use barcode asset tracking
software. The most notable is that RFID tag data can be read outside the line-of-
sight, whereas barcodes must be aligned with an optical scanner. If you are
considering implementing an RFID solution, take the next step and contact the
RFID experts at AB&R® (American Barcode and RFID).

RFID belongs to a group of technologies referred to as Automatic Identification

and Data Capture (AIDC). AIDC methods automatically identify objects, collect
data about them, and enter those data directly into computer systems with little or
no human intervention. RFID methods utilize radio waves to accomplish this. At a
simple level, RFID systems consist of three components: an RFID tag or smart
label, an RFID reader, and an antenna. RFID tags contain an integrated circuit and
an antenna, which are used to transmit data to the RFID reader (also called an
interrogator).

Advantages Disadvantages

RFID Capabilities. RFID systems can Scanning Issues.

scan multiple items simultaneously
Scanning Range. An RFID reader can RFID Security and Privacy Concerns.
scan a tag as long as it is within
frequency range

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2.2.8 Arduino Uno

Arduino is an open-source electronics platform based on easy-to-use hardware and

software. Arduino boards are able to read inputs - light on a sensor, a finger on a
button, or a Twitter message - and turn it into an output - activating a motor, turning
on an LED, publishing something online. You can tell your board what to do by
sending a set of instructions to the microcontroller on the board. To do so you use
the Arduino programming language (based on Wiring), and the Arduino Software
(IDE)?, based on Processing. Over the years Arduino has been the brain of
thousands of projects, from everyday objects to complex scientific instruments. A
worldwide community of makers - students, hobbyists, artists, programmers, and
professionals - has gathered around this open-source platform, their contributions
have added up to an incredible amount of accessible knowledge that can be of great
help to novices and experts alike.

The Arduino software is easy-to-use for beginners, yet flexible enough for
advanced users. It runs on Mac, Windows, and Linux. Teachers and students use it
to build low cost scientific instruments, to prove chemistry and physics principles,
or to get started with programming and robotics. Designers and architects build
interactive prototypes, musicians and artists use it for installations and to
experiment with new musical instruments.

Advantages Disadvantages

Small, portable and cheap Limited Processing power

Programmable Logic No data Storage

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2.2.9 Power Supply adaptor 12vdc 2amp

A power supply is an electrical device that supplies electric power to an electrical

load. The primary function of a power supply is to convert electric current from a
source to the correct voltage, current, and frequency to power the load. As a result,
power supplies are sometimes referred to as electric power converters. Some power
supplies are separate standalone pieces of equipment, while others are built into the
load appliances that they power. Examples of the latter include power supplies
found in desktop computers and consumer electronics devices. Other functions that
power supplies may perform include limiting the current drawn by the load to safe
levels, shutting off the current in the event of an electrical fault, power conditioning
to prevent electronic noise or voltage surges on the input from reaching the load,
power-factor correction, and storing energy so it can continue to power the load in
the event of a temporary interruption source power (uninterruptible power supply).
All power supplies have a power input connection, which receives energy in the
form of electric current from a source, and one or more power output or rail
connections that deliver current to the load. The source power may come from the
electric power grid, such as an electrical outlet, energy storage devices such as
batteries or fuel cells, generators or alternators, solar power converters or others.

Advantages Disadvantages

don’t get electrocuted
don’t damage or destroy electrical
equipment
Those who do not see the safety precautions
you used may improperly replicate and injure
or kill themselves
safety precautions add to job work time and
may make it more difficult or impossible to
complete the work

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2.2.10 Voltage Regulator

A voltage regulator is a system designed to automatically maintain a constant

voltage. A voltage regulator may use a simple feed-forward design or may include
negative feedback. It may use an electromechanical mechanism, or electronic
components. Depending on the design, it may be used to regulate one or more AC
or DC voltages.

Electronic voltage regulators are found in devices such as computer power

supplies where they stabilize the DC voltages used by the processor and other
elements. In automobile alternators and central power station generator plants,
voltage regulators control the output of the plant. In an electric power distribution
system, voltage regulators may be installed at a substation or along distribution
lines so that all customers receive steady voltage independent of how much power
is drawn from the line

Advantages Disadvantages

Versatility of kVA rating, voltage and Poor current overload capacity (except the
configuration series transformer design)

No restrictions on the number of More expensive than mechanical voltage

correction cycles regulators

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2.3 Chapter summary

In this chapter, a study has been made for all components involved in the production
of this safety toolbox project using RFID CARD. In addition, in this chapter we will
focus on the history of the background study of each component. We also add other
information where each equipment in terms of mechanical or electronic and
electrical is given information about the weaknesses and shortcomings of the
equipment. This is because it is easier to assess when the project implementation
process is implemented so that other problems will not arise.

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 CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

3.1 Chapter Introduction

From the problem statements identified in chapter 1 based on the case study as well
as some searches on existing designs, the design are expanded and convenience of this
product. These objectives and designs are able to meet customer needs and solve
problem statements, several questionnaire forms are distributed to all groups of people
according to Google Forms and receive feedback that can help the product case study.

3.2 Research Design

Based on the case study in the workshop, most student who use this key -shaped toolbox
experience problems such as lost keys, the equipment taken does not know who and the
equipment used is not put back in the toolbox. Because of this, a development system
to implement a toolbox that uses the rfid method is implemented.

3.3 Methods of Data Collection

The method of data collection of this project is to conduct research and observation
through the dissemination of questionnaires and opinion ideas among group members.
The purpose of this questionnaire is to gather information on the shortcomings of the
product so that the product can be improve to be easier to use. The questionnaire was
answered by 76 respondents consisting of women and men. Respondents who answered
included teenagers aged between 15 to 30 years as much as 90.8%, those aged 31 to 50
as much as 7.9%and those aged 51 and above as much as 1.3%.

16
3.4 Research Instrument
 Questionnaire: All Category People

1. Gender

2. Age

3. Ever used toolbox in the workshop before?

4. Do you think the toolbox has security features ?

5. In your opinion, do you think the whether it is suitable to be upgraded from a

commonly used key to an automated RFID system

3.5 Data Analysis Method

 Pie chart: Questionnaire 1(Gender)

Gender

perempuan
20%
lelaki

perempuan
lelaki
80%

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 Pie chart: Questionnaire 2 (Age)

Age

19 tahun
8%

20% 40%
20 tahun

21 tahun

32%
22 tahun

 Pie chart: Questionnaire 3 (Ever used toolbox in the workshop before)

Ever used toolbox in the workshop

before

0%

have used

never

100%

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 Pie chart: Questionnaire 4 (Do you think the toolbox has security features)

Safety or not?

20%

safety

no safety

80%

 Pie chart: Questionnaire 5

(do you think the whether it is suitable to be upgraded using RFID system)

0%

yes

no

100%

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House of Qualities

SOLUTIONS

Technical Provide Provide a Provide Provide Provide

requirement the productive the the more
ecofriendly and spare specifica safety
equipment. durable part tion and machines.
system. easily manual
Customers find in to use it.
needs every
store.
The RFID
Toolbox long
lasting
operation
Easy to use and
portable

Need low
power supply to
save cost

Light and
economic with
friendly user

Available in
every area
household

TOTAL 15 8 4 9 10
RANGKING 1 4 5 3 2

Very Important = 5 Important = 3 Least Important = 1

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  Morphology Chart

Functions / Option 1 Option 2 Option 3

Options (Idea by Yusuf) (Idea by Syafizi) (Idea by Nana)

Aluminium
Base

Handle

Enclosure
Box

Tools Box

21
Functions / Option 1 Option 2 Option 3
Options (Idea by Yusuf) (Idea by Syafizi) (Idea by Nana)

Magnetic Lock

Relay

RFID
Card

Arduino
Uno/Mega
/Nano

22
Functions / Option 1 Option 2 Option 3
Options (Idea by Yusuf) (Idea by Syafizi) (Idea by Nana)

Power Supply
Adaptor12vdc

Voltage
Regulator

23
  Designs

Design 1(Design by Yusuf,Syafizi & Design 1(Design by Yusuf,Syafizi &

nana) nana)

RF
ID

Design 1(Design by Yusuf,Syafizi & Design 1(Design by Yusuf,Syafizi &

nana) nana)

RF
ID

24
  Pugh chart

DESIGN
CONCEPT 1 2 3 4
TECHNICAL
REQUIREMENT
CORNER SHAPE +1 +1 +1 -

ROUND SHAPE - - - +1

PORTABLE +1 +1 +1 +1

HAZARD SIGN +1 - - -

SAFETY EQUIPMENT +1 +1 +1 +1

TOTAL 4 3 3 3

 Design 1 has been selected as a actual design for Project 1.

 Design 1 got more weightage than other 3 design.

25
 Design 1 in AutoCAD

RFID

26
 Bill of Material

3.6 Chapter Summary

This project is inspired based on experience and problems that have been studied. The
design and research that has been implemented on the shape of this toolbox is
appropriate because it takes into account the size and physical of the product that will
use this toolbox. Study on the use of materials appropriate to the project, because it
will affect the physical movement of the toolbox project later. With good operation
will be able to achieve the targets that have been planned by us.

27
 Appendices

Estimated Cost

No. Item Description Quantity Price (RM)

1 Rectangular Dimension: 1 RM120.00
aluminium base 600mmx 300mm
Thickness: 30mm
Type steel: Black steel

2 Nylon Handle Type: Nylon 2 RM50.00

Thickness: 50mm
Dimension: 120cm long
3 Power adaptor Brand: Sony 1 RM95.00
Voltage: 12V
Amp: 2A
Input voltage:220-240AC
4 Magnetic Model: MD12xd 1 RM50.00
Lock Power supply:
110~220VAC ,50/60Hz;12V/2
4V DC
Power consumption: 12amp
5 Arduino Uno Brand: Arduino 1 RM35.00
Type:Uno

Voltage input:5v

6 Rfid Card Brand: RFID 1 RM55.00

Type:mfrc255
Voltage input:3.3 v to 5v

7 Material: Plastic Nylon 1 RM70.00

Toolbox
Size: 165mm x395mm x 223mm

8 Cable duct Thickness: 50x50mm 1 RM60.00

Length:10f

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9 MCB Spec:6AMP 1 RM28.00
Voltage: 220-240ac

10 Cable Material: Copper 1 RM50.00

Connector
Spec:2.0mm
Type : Multicore
Colour: red
11 Cable Material: Copper 1 RM50.00
Connector
Spec:2.0mm
Type : Multicore
Colour: black
12 Cable Material: Copper 1 RM50.00
Connector
Spec:2.0mm
Type : Multicore
Colour: blue
Total: RM713.00

29
 Appendices

GANTT CHART
SESSION DECEMBER 2020
DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
COURSE/CODE DJJ 40182 (TOOLBOX USING RFID CARD)

(08/3-14/3)

(15/3-21/3)

(22/3-28/3)

(29/3-04/4)

(05/4-11/4)

(12/4-18/4)

(19/4-25/4)

(26/4-02/5)

(03/5-09/5)

(17/5-23/5)

(24/5-30/5)

(31/5-06/6)

(14/6-20/6)
STATUS

(07/6-13/6)
W1

W10

W11

W12

W14
WEEK /

W2

W3

W4

W5

W6

W7

W8

W9

W13
PROJECT’S ACTIVITIES

 Briefing for project

P
 Discussion for title of
Project 1 with supervisor. A
 Start do proposal for P
Chapter 1. A
 Design the model of
P
project using autocadd
software. A

 Research about P

30
 component and material
A
for project.
Customer survey using Google
forms.
P
 Survey of understanding
of project.
 Collect data
 Build a data analysis using A
pie chart
Do Chapter 3 for proposal.
 Option use another P
material
 House of quality
A
 Morphology Chart
 Supervisor checked the
latest proposal P
 Make corrections and
improvements of the
A
proposal

31
  Preparation slide
 Presentation to panel of P
Project 1.
 Submit Final proposal and
Logbook to course A
lecturer and supervisor.

Note:
P:Planned
A:Actual

32
 Reference

 Lambert M. Surhone, Miriam T.Timpledon. (2010), Proteus (Design Soffware)

.4th .ed. United Kindom:VDM.

 M. N. Bandyopadhya.(2006), Control Engineering Theory and Practice. 2 nd.

New Delh: Prentice Hall of India.

 Presi,T,P,et al. Design and development Of PIC microcontroller based vehicle

monitoring system using Controller Area Network (CAN) protocol.Information

Communicatoin and Embedded System (ICICES).21 February.Chennai:

IEEE.2013 .1070 – 1076..

 Rao Ganesh.(2010), Control Engineering. 4th. ed. New Delhi:Dorling

Kindersley.

 https://forum.arduino.cc/

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