Department of Education

SCHOOLS DIVISION OF CITY OF MEYCAUAYAN

Pag-asa St., Malhacan, City of Meycauayan, Bulacan

Activity Sheet 8
in
MATHEMATICS
Quarter 2 – Week 7:
Determining the Inverse,
Converse, and Contrapositive of
an If-then Statement (M8GE-IIf-1)
 DETERMINING THE INVERSE, CONVERSE, AND
CONTRAPOSITIVE OF AN IF-THEN STATEMENT

LET US KNOW

What if your sister told you, "If you do the dishes, then I will help you
with your module and activity sheet"? What's a statement that is logically
equivalent to what your sister said?
After going through with this activity sheet, the students will be able
to:
1. identify the hypothesis and the conclusion of if-then statements;
2. determine the inverse, converse and contrapositive of an if-then
statement; and
3. Use inductive and deductive reasoning in an argument.

LET US REVIEW

Identify the hypothesis and the conclusion for each of the following
statement.
1. If you live in Meycauayan City, then you live in the Philippines.
2. If you eat healthy foods, then you grow faster.
3. If a triangle is a right triangle, then the triangle has an interior angle
which measures 90º.
4. If 5x – 3 = 22, then x = 5.
5. If a number is a whole number, then it is an integer.

LET US STUDY

Converse, Inverse, and Contrapositive

-- Excerpts from Geometry by Harold Jacobs

Lewis Carroll, the author of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through

the Looking Glass, was a mathematics teacher and wrote stories as a hobby.
Consider the following conversation at the Mad Hatter's Tea Party:
"Then you should say what you mean," the March Hare went on.
"I do," Alice hastily replied, "at least -- at least I mean what I say -- That's the
same thing, you know."
"Not the same thing a bit!" said the Hatter. "Why, you might just as well say
that 'I see what I eat' is the same as "I eat what I see'!"
"You might just as well say," added the March Hare, "that 'I like what I get'
is the same thing as 'I get what I like'!"
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 "You might just as well say," added the Dormouse, who seemed to be talking
in his sleep, "that 'I breathe when I sleep' is the same thing as 'I sleep when
I breathe'!"
"It is the same thing with you," said the Hatter, and here the conversation
dropped, and the party sat silent for a minute.

Carroll is playing with pairs of related statements called converses. The

hatter, the Hare, and the Dormouse are right: the sentences in each pair
do not say the same thing at all. Consider the Dormouse's example. If we
change his two statements into "if-then" form, we get:
If I am sleeping, then I am breathing.
and
If I am breathing, then I am sleeping.
Although both statements may be true of the Dormouse, the first statement
is true and the second statement is false for most human beings.
Notice that the hypothesis and the conclusion are interchanged, and this
is called the converse. There are also two other statements that can be
formed from the conditional -- the inverse and the contrapositive -- and
they are summarized below: Conditional statement: If a, then b. Converse:
If b, then a. Inverse: If not a, then not b. Contrapositive: If not b, then not
a.
https://www.pleacher.com/mp/mlessons/geometry/ifthen3.pdf

The converse of the conditional statement is formed by interchanging

the hypothesis and the conclusion. For instance, the converse of p → q is
q → p . The converse may also be true or false.

Example:
Decide if the statement and its converse are both true.
If angle A measures 36º, then angle A is acute.
1. If angle B is 90º, then angle B is right angle.
Solution:
1. Statement: If angle A measures 36º, then angle A is acute.
The statement is true because 36 is less than 90º.

Converse: If angle A is acute, then the measure of angle A is 36º.

The converse is false because some acute angles do not
measure 36º.

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 2. Statement: If angle B is 90º, then angle B is right angle.
The statement is true because an angle that measures 90º
is a right angle.
Converse: If angle B is a right angle, then angle B measures 90º.
The converse is true because right angle measures 90º.

The other statements related to a conditional are its inverse and its
contrapositive.

To rewrite the inverse of a conditional statement, simply negate both

the hypothesis and the conclusion.
Example: Write the inverse of the following conditional statements:
1. If m A < 90º, then A is an acute angle.
2. If two distinct lines intersect, then they intersect at a point.

Solution:
1. Statement: If m A < 90º,then A is an acute angle.
Inverse: If m A is not < 90º, then A is not an acute
angle.

2. Statement: If two distinct lines intersect, then they

intersect at a point.
3. Inverse: If two distinct line do not intersect, then they
do not intersect at a point.

To form the contrapositive of a conditional statement, first, we get its

inverse. Then, interchange its hypothesis and conclusion.

Example: Write the contrapositive of the following conditional statements:

1. A circle is not a polygon.
2. If m A+m B = 90º, then A and B are
complementary.
Solution:
1. Statement: A circle is not a polygon.
Inverse: If a figure is not a circle, then it is a polygon.
Contrapositive: If a figure is a polygon, then it is not a circle.

3. Statement: If m A+m B = 90º, then A and B are

complementary.
Inverse: If m A+m B = 90º, then A and B are not
Complementary.
Contrapositive: If A and B are not complementary, then
m A+m B ≠ 90º.

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 To easily rewrite a statement in its inverse, converse, and contrapositive
forms, use the following as reference:

Conditional Statement : If p, then q.

Converse : If q, then p.
Inverse : If not p, then not q.
Contrapositive : If not q, then not p.

If a statement is true, its contrapositive is also true. Moreover, if the

converse is true, its inverse is also true.

LET US PRACTICE
Directions: Write the converse, inverse and contrapositive of each
conditional statement and decide if each statement is true or false.
Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. If the sun is shining, then it is 12:00 noon.

Converse: ______________________________________________
Inverse: _______________________________________________
Contrapositive: ________________________________________

2. If the number is divisible by 3, then the number is odd.

Converse: ______________________________________________
Inverse: _______________________________________________
Contrapositive: ________________________________________

3. If an angle measures 100º, then it is obtuse.

Converse: ______________________________________________
Inverse: _______________________________________________
Contrapositive: ________________________________________

4. If water is frozen, then its temperature is below 0º C.

Converse: ______________________________________________
Inverse: _______________________________________________
Contrapositive: ________________________________________

5. If a point is a midpoint, then it divides a segment into two

congruent segments.
Converse: ______________________________________________
Inverse: _______________________________________________
Contrapositive: ________________________________________

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 LET US REMEMBER

The converse of the conditional statement is formed by interchanging

the hypothesis and the conclusion. The inverse of a conditional statement is
the negation of both the hypothesis and the conclusion, and the
contrapositive of a conditional statement is formed by first, getting the inverse
of the conditional statement then interchanging the hypothesis and the
conclusion.

Conditional Statement : If p, then q.

Converse : If q, then p.
Inverse : If not p, then not q.
Contrapositive: : If not q, then not p.

LET US APPRECIATE

Directions: Write the converse, inverse, and contrapositive of

each true conditional statement. Determine whether each related conditional
is true or false. If a statement is false, find a counter example. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. If a number is divisible by 2, then it is divisible by 4.

2. All whole numbers are integers.

LET US PRACTICE MORE

Directions: Write the statement in if-then form. Write your answer

on a separate sheet of paper.
1. Two angles ate supplementary if they measure 180º.
2. You can’t teach the old dog new tricks.
3. A carabao is albino if it has white fur.
4. It is time for dinner if it is 6 o’clock in the afternoon.
5. You have a fever if your body temperature is 103º.

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 EVALUATION

A. Determine the truth value of each conditional statement. If it is

false give counter example. Write your answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. If a number is odd, then it is divisible by 5.

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

2. If a polygon has 6 sides, then it is a regular polygon.

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

3. If two angles are congruent, then they are vertical angles.

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

4. If a bird is an ostrich, then it cannot fly.

_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

5. If two angles have the same measure, then the angles are
congruent.
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________

A. Write the converse, inverse and contrapositive of each conditional

statement and decide if each statement is true or false. Write your
answer on a separate sheet of paper.

1. If you like basketball, then you watch a basketball game.

Converse: ______________________________________________
Inverse: _______________________________________________
Contrapositive: ________________________________________

2. If you are a guitar player, then you are an artist.

Converse: ______________________________________________
Inverse: _______________________________________________
Contrapositive: ________________________________________

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3. If two circles have the same diameter, then they have the
same circumference.
Converse: ______________________________________________
Inverse: _______________________________________________
Contrapositive: ________________________________________

4. If an animal is an elephant, then it lives in the forest

Converse: ______________________________________________
Inverse: _______________________________________________
Contrapositive: ________________________________________

5. If 3x + 10 = 34, then x = 8.
Converse: ______________________________________________
Inverse: _______________________________________________
Contrapositive: ________________________________________

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 All Right Reserved
2020

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

CAROLINA S. VIOLETA, EdD

Schools Division Superintendent

JERRY D. CRUZ, PhD, CESE

Asst. Schools Division Superintendent

DOMINADOR M. CABRERA, EdD

Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

EDWARD C. JIMENEZ, PhD

Education Program Supervisor- LRMDS

JOCELYN A. MANALAYSAY, PhD

Education Program Supervisor- Mathematics

JOSEPH S. MARTIN
Layout Artist

LANY F. ROSARIO
Developer/Writer