QUASAR3G DR QAZI SAIFUL HOQ 01712947514

QUASAR3G
ASSIGNMENT

 PREPARED BY : DR QAZI SAIFUL HOQ

 PHONE : 01712947514
 DR QAZI SAIFUL HOQ 01712947514

1 Fig. 1.1 shows a bird’s egg. Part of the shell has been removed. For
Examiner's
Use

shell

yolk

albumen

Fig. 1.1

Approximately 90 % of albumen is water. The remaining 10 % is made up of other

substances such as reducing sugar.

(a) Describe how you could safely test a sample of albumen for reducing sugar.

The albumen can be tested for reducing sugar by testing with Benidict reagent:

1. We need to add 2cm3 of the albumen in a test-tube followed by 2cm3 of Benedict's reagent.

2. Shake the test tube and then heat the solution by immersing it in bioling water for about 5
minutes.
3. The Benidict's solution will change color (blue to orange for weak presence of reducing sugar)
if reducing sugars are present.

[4]

(b) A student tested some albumen for the presence of protein using Biuret reagent.
The solution changed colour. It was a positive result.

Describe this colour change.

For positive result, Biuret reagent changes color from blue to purple.

[1]

BIOLOGY FOR LIFE

DR QAZI SAIFUL HOQ 01712947514

(c) Fig. 1.2 shows an experiment to investigate the effect of acid on albumen. For
Examiner's
Use

3 drops 3 drops of
of water dilute acid

test-tube 1 test-tube 2
Fig. 1.2

The test-tubes were observed after five minutes.

The results are shown in Table 1.1.

Table 1.1

test-tube observation

1 stayed as a clear liquid

2 changed from a clear liquid to a white solid

(i) State a conclusion that can be made from these results.

We can say the reducing sugars and protein in the albumen reacts with the acid and
forms a precepitate. The albumen does not react with water as it is 90% water.

[1]

(ii) State why water was added to test-tube 1.

It acts as a control setup.

[1]
DR QAZI SAIFUL HOQ 01712947514

(d) Fat is present in the yolk. For

A student carried out the emulsion test on a sample of yolk and it gave a positive result. Examiner's
State what the student would observe. Use

The solution goes cloudy and fat emulsions appear.

[1]

(e) Two students wanted to investigate the effect of concentration of acid on albumen.

For this investigation, suggest a suitable:

variable to change; conc. of acid

variable to measure or observe; amount of precepitate

variable to control. amount of albumen [3]

[Total: 11]

BIOLOGY FOR LIFE

 DR QAZI SAIFUL HOQ 01712947514

2 Fig. 2.1 shows the back leg of two animals. For

Examiner's
The animals belong to two different vertebrate groups. Use

P Q

animal A animal B
Fig. 2.1
(a) (i) Describe one similarity, visible in Fig. 2.1, between the leg of animal A and the
leg of animal B.

Both legs contain five fingers.

[1]

(ii) Complete Table 2.1 to state two differences, visible in Fig. 2.1 between the leg of
animal A and the leg of animal B.
Table 2.1

feature animal A animal B

webbed feet present

not present

nails present absent

[3]
DR QAZI SAIFUL HOQ 01712947514

(b) Make a large, labelled drawing of the leg of animal A. For

Examiner's
Use

[5]

(c) You are going to calculate the magnification of your drawing of the photograph of the
leg of animal A.

Length of line PQ in Fig. 2.1 is 36 mm.

Draw line PQ on your drawing in the same position as in Fig. 2.1.
72
Length of line PQ in drawing mm

Calculate the magnification of your drawing.

Show your working.

magnification = image/actual

= 72/36
=x2

magnification × 2 [3]

BIOLOGY FOR LIFE

DR QAZI SAIFUL HOQ 01712947514

(d) A population of animals was studied over nine years. The changes in the population of For
males are shown in Fig. 2.2 Examiner's
Use

700

600

500

estimated 400
number of
males 300

200

100

0
1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002

year
Fig. 2.2

(i) Use the graph to estimate the total population of males and females in 1992.
Assume that the number of males and females is equal.
Show your working.

5 boxes = 100
Therefore, each box is 100/5 = 20

Therefore, female in 1992 = 200+40 (4 boxes)

total population of males and females 240 [1]

(ii) Describe the changes in the population from 1992 to 2001.

[3]

[Total: 16]
 DR QAZI SAIFUL HOQ 01712947514

3 (a) An investigation was carried out on the growth of onion seedlings. For
Onion seedlings were grown in a tray. Examiner's
Use
One millimeter was removed from the tips of all of the onion seedlings on the left side
of the dividing line, as shown in Fig. 3.1.

tray
tips (1 mm) removed tips left on
from onion seedlings onion seedlings

Fig. 3.1

Ten onion seedlings were cut at soil level from each side of the tray.
The heights of these onion seedlings were measured and recorded.
These are shown as the start heights in Table 3.1.

After three days, ten more onion seedlings were cut from each side, measured and
recorded. The heights are shown in Table 3.1.

(i) Suggest why the onion seedlings were cut and removed from the tray before they
were measured.

[1]

(ii) State why a sample of ten onion seedlings is better than a sample of three onion
seedlings.

[1]

BIOLOGY FOR LIFE

DR QAZI SAIFUL HOQ 01712947514

Table 3.1 shows the heights of the onion seedlings at the start and of those measured For
after three days. QUASAR
Examiner's
Use
Table 3.1

height of seedling / mm

tips removed tips left on

start after three days start after three days

84 70 70 63

61 76 79 65

54 63 57 83

57 76 58 79

56 80 53 83

62 71 52 74

68 73 61 76

45 60 63 60

64 76 51 85

49 75 76 62

total height / mm 600 620

mean height / mm 60 62

(iii) Complete Table 3.1 by calculating the total height and mean height of the onion
seedlings after three days. [2]

(iv) Calculate the mean increase in height of the onion seedlings:

tips removed mm

tips left on mm [1]

DR QAZI SAIFUL HOQ 01712947514

(b) The experiment was repeated with another tray of onion seedlings. For
The same experiment was then performed on beetroot seedlings. QUASAR
Examiner's
The results are shown in Table 3.2. Use

Table 3.2

mean increase in height / mm

onion seedlings beetroot seedlings

tips removed tips left on tips removed tips left on

10 9 1 7

(i) Draw a bar chart on Fig. 3.2 to show the data in Table 3.2.

Fig. 3.2
[4]

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(ii) Describe the effect of removing the tips on the growth of onion and beetroot
seedlings.

onion

beetroot

[2]

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(iii) Suggest where growth takes place in the shoots of onion and beetroot seedlings.

onion

beetroot

[2]

[Total: 13]

1 Apple tissue changes colour in the air. Apple cells are thought to contain an enzyme which For
is a catalyst for the reaction: Examiner's
Use

enzyme
colourless compounds + oxygen in the air coloured compounds

Some students investigated this reaction.

The students cut a slice of apple with a knife as shown in Fig. 1.1.

cut surfaces
skin

Fig. 1.1

This slice was broken into two pieces as shown in Fig. 1.2.

cut surface

broken surface
Fig. 1.2

Each piece was put into a different dish. The dishes were labelled 1 and 2.

A few drops of water were put on the cut surface and the broken surface of the piece of
apple in dish 1.

A few drops of lemon juice were put on the cut surface and the broken surface of the piece
of apple in dish 2.

Every five minutes for 20 minutes the students observed the pieces of apple and recorded
their observations in Table 1.1.
 3

Table 1.1 For

Examiner's
Use
dish 1, apple with water dish 2, apple with lemon juice
time /
minutes
broken surface cut surface broken surface cut surface

5 no change very light brown no change no change

10 no change light brown no change no change

light brown with
15 very light brown dark brown no change no change
patches
20 light brown dark brown no change no change

The lemon juice was tested with litmus paper. It changed colour from blue to red.

(a) State the meaning of this colour change.

[1]

(b) Look at Table 1.1. Describe the differences between the appearance of the cut
surfaces in dish 1 and dish 2 during the experiment.

[1]

(c) The colour changes are thought to involve enzyme activity.

(i) Explain how the observations in Table 1.1 and your description in (b) support this
statement.

[3]

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(ii) Using your knowledge of enzyme activity, describe another experiment that would For
test the idea that enzymes are involved in this colour change. Examiner's
Use

[3]

(d) (i) Look at Table 1.1. Describe the differences between the appearance of the broken
surface and the cut surface in dish 1 during the experiment.

[2]

(ii) Cutting the apple with a knife damages cells, releasing the contents.

Suggest, from the observations in Table 1.1 and your description in (d)(i), how
breaking instead of cutting the apple may affect the cells.

[1]

[Total: 11]
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2 Fig. 3.1 is a photograph of the flower of Amaryllis, Hippeastrum aglaiae. For

Examiner's
Use

A ...............................................

B ...............................................

C ...............................................

D ...............................................

Fig. 3.1

(a) (i) On Fig.3.1, name the parts of the flower labelled A, B, C and D.

Write your answers on the lines in Fig.3.1 [4]

Plant breeders use small paint brushes to pollinate flowers of Amaryllis artificially.

(ii) State the letter of the part from which the pollen is taken.

[1]

(iii) State the letter of the part on which the pollen is put.

[1]

(iv) State one visible feature in Fig. 3.1 which shows that this flower is usually
pollinated by insects.

[1]

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Fig 3.2 shows four pollen grains from an Amaryllis flower.

 200

Fig. 3.2

(b) Measure the length of a pollen grain in mm.

Length of pollen grain mm

Calculate the actual length of the pollen grain that you measured in mm.

Show your working.

actual length of pollen grain mm [3]

[Total: 10]