NORMAL

DISTRIBUTION
Learning Objectives
Learners are expected to:
 state and illustrate the properties of a normal curve
distribution.
 sketch the graph of a normal curve distribution.
 apply the concept of z-score in a random variable.
 determine the areas under normal curve given the z-values.
 convert a random variable to a standard normal variable
and vice-versa.
 identifying regions of areas under the normal curve.
 Data can be distributed or “spread out” in
different ways.

Spread-out to the left Spread-out to the right No definite pattern

 But there are many cases where the data tends to be
around a central value with no bias left or right, and it
gets close to a "Normal Distribution" like this:

The Bell Curve is a Normal Distribution.

The yellow histogram shows data that follows it closely, but not perfectly.
The graph of a normal distribution depends on
two factors
1. Mean - determines the location
of the center of the graph.
2. Standard Deviation –
determines the height and width
of the graph.

The red curve has larger value of standard deviation, therefore more
spread-out.
 Properties of the Normal
A normal curve canCurve
be identified by its different
1. Itproperties.
is bell shaped
2. The mean, median and mode are equal. They
are located at the center of the distribution.
3. It is symmetric about the mean.
4. The total area under the curve is 1.
5. The curve is asymptotic to the x- axis. This
means the curve gets nearer the x-axis but
never touches it. It extends indefinitely to the
left and to the right.
 Standard Normal
Distribution
Why convert Normal Distribution into Standard Normal
Distribution?
1. To standardized the distribution so that only one table of areas can be
used for all normal distribution.
2. To compare value from one normal distribution to another.
 Standard Score (Z- score)

The standard score is the

distance of the score from
the mean in terms of the
standard deviation (s).
Normal curves may have different heights and
widths, but in all cases the following
characteristics may apply.
EMPIRICAL RULE
For a normal distribution:
1. 68% of data falls within the
first standard deviation from
the mean.
2. 95% fall within two standard
deviations.
3. 99.7% fall within three
standard deviations.
 Areas under the Normal
  Curve
The table for the areas under curve gives the area from
(which represents the mean) to the whole right side of the
curve

Since the curve is symmetrical, the areas to the right shall

apply to the left side.
Example:
 
Find the area from and

 
The area between and is the
area between the mean ( center
of the curve ) and 1.25. Locate
the area for from the table.
Example:
 
Find the area from and
To find the area, subtract the area of 1.25 from the area of 2.0.
Example:
 
Find the area from and to the right of
Example:
 
Find the area from and to the left of
 Standard Score (Z- score)
To change an observed values (x)
into standard score, use the
 
�− equation:
�
´
�=
�
 
Example1:
In a given distribution, the mean is 65 and
the standard deviation is 6. Find the
corresponding standard score of;
1. 68
2. 59
3. 77
4. 47
Example2:

In the final examination in

Mathematics, the mean grade 82 and
the standard deviation was 8. In
English, the mean grade was 86 and
the standard deviation was 10. Joseph
scored 88 in Mathematics and 92 in
English. In which subject was his
standing higher?
 Determining Percentage of
Population
Example3:
If scores are normally distributed
with a mean of 30 and a standard
deviation of 5, what percent of the
scores is;
1. Equal or greater than 30?
2. Equal or greater than 37?
3. From 28 to 34?
 Determining Percentage of
Example4: Population
Two hundred eighty (280) incoming freshmen at
certain College were given IQ tests

Assuming that their IQs are normally distributed

with a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of
15, find how many freshmen have an IQ of:
1. 80 and lower
2. 105 and higher
3. Between 90 to 105
 Determining Percentage of
Example5: Population
A normally distributed data has a
mean of 200 and a standard deviation
of 20.
1. What is the lowest value that belongs to the upper 10% the
distribution?

2. What are the two extreme scores, outside of which only 5%

of the distribution are expected to fall?
 Determining Percentage of
Example6: Population
The average grade of 2nd year students
majoring in Business Management is
normally distributed with a mean of 84 and
a standard deviation of 5.
1. What percent of the students majoring in Business Management has a
grade between 83 and 87?
2. If there are 1000 students, how many of them received a grade of 74
and below?
Seatwork(1 whole yellow paper )
A. Determine the areas under the normal curve of the
following.
1. Above z = 1.13
2. Between z = -0.8 and z = 1.4
3. Below z = 0.4
B. The population mean height of SHS students is 165 cm, and the
standard deviation is 10 cm. What percent of SHS students has a
height of 175 cm and above?
If there are 3000 SHS students, how many of them has a height of
150 cm and below?
Assignment

Research about the process of

finding probabilities and
percentiles using a normal
curve.
DAY 2 NORMAL
DISTRIBUTION
Learning Objectives
Learners are expected to:
• express areas under the normal curve as
probabilities or percentages.
• determine probabilities and percentiles
for the standard normal random variable
z.
• use probability notation to express areas
under the normal curve.
• compute for z-scores when probabilities
 Finding Probabilities of Normally
Distributed Random Variables
 
The area of the left of is the probability from , denoted
by .
 
The area of the right of is the probability from , denoted
by .
 
In general, the area between two values and is the probability
between and , denoted by
Example7:
In a certain high school, the heights of
the students are normally distributed
with a mean of 160 cm and a standard
deviation
1. Find the probability ofselected
that a randomly 10 cm. student will be less than
158 cm tall.

2. Find the probability that a randomly selected student will be taller than
164 cm.

3. Find the probability that the height of a randomly student will be

between 156 cm and 165 cm.
Example8:
In a certain factory of rags, the time it takes
for the workers to finish one rag is normally
distributed with a mean of 27 minutes and a
standard deviation of 8 minutes.
1. Find the proportion of rags that will be finished in less than 25
minutes.
2. Find the proportion of rags that will be finished in more than 33
minutes
3. Find the proportion of rags that will be finished between 19
minutes and 31 minutes .
4. If 10000 rags are produced in a day, how many are done in less
than 25 minutes?
Example9:
The scores of the students in the final
examination are normally distributed with a
mean of 72 and a standard deviation of 8.

1. Find the percentage of students who scored less than 60.

2. Find the percentage of students who scored more than 70.
3. Find the percentage of students who scored between 82 and 96.
4. Above what score do you find the upper 10% of the students’ scores?
 Locating Percentile under the
Normal Curve
Percentile – a point in the distribution such that the given
number of cases is below it.
In general, we will identify what z corresponds to the
point given the probability and determine the percentile
rank of a given random variable.
Example10:
 
1. Determine the z – value of
2. Determine the z – value of
3. Determine the z – value of
Example11:

The result of a nationwide aptitude

test in Mathematics are normally
distributed with mean of 80 and
standard deviation of 15. determine
the percentile rank of the following
scores:

1. 84 2. 75 3. 98 4. 70
Example12:

The result of a nationwide

aptitude test in Mathematics are
normally distributed with mean
of 80 and standard deviation of
15. In what raw scores does 70%
of the cases are below it? In
what raw scores does 90% of the
SEATWORK (1 whole yellow paper copy and
answer)
A. The height of Grade 11 students are
normally distributed with mean of 165
cm and standard deviation of 11 cm.
Determine the following probabilities:
1. That a student has a height of 150 cm above.
2. That a student has a height between 144cm
and 176 cm.
3. That a student has a height of less than 160
cm.
B. Find the area and plot the graph:
SEATWORK ( 1 whole yellow paper copy and
 
A.The height answer )
of Grade 11 students
are normally distributed with mean
of 165 cm and standard deviation of
11 cm. Determine the percentile
rank of the following height:
1. 160 cm 2. 177 cm 3. 186 cm
B. 4.Determine the z – value of
5. Determine the z – value of
6. Determine the z – value of
1 whole yellow paper ( copy and
answer )
Find the area and plot the
graph of:

1.To the right of z= 1.75

2.To the left of z = 1.75
3.Greater than z = -0.75
4.Less than z = -0.75
5.Between and from z = -2 and z = 2
ASSIGNMEN
T

Research about sampling

distribution.