Isolated Footing Design Page 1 of 44

Isolated Footing Design(ACI 318-05)

Design For Isolated Footing 70

Design For Isolated Footing 71

Design For Isolated Footing 72

Design For Isolated Footing 73

Footing No. Group ID Foundation Geometry

- - Length Width Thickness
70 16 0.650 m 0.650 m 0.250 m
71 17 0.650 m 0.650 m 0.250 m
72 18 0.650 m 0.650 m 0.250 m
73 19 0.650 m 0.650 m 0.250 m

Footing No. Footing Reinforcement Pedestal Reinforcement

- Bottom Reinforcement(Mz) Bottom Reinforcement(Mx) Top Reinforcement(Mz) Top Reinforcement(Mx) Main Steel Trans Steel
70 #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c N/A N/A
71 #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c N/A N/A
72 #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c N/A N/A
73 #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c #12 @ 500 mm c/c N/A N/A

Isolated Footing 70

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 600.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 600.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 2 of 44

Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Circular

Column Dia : 0.300m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 24.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 275.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #12
Maximum Bar Size : #20
Minimum Bar Spacing : 50.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 18.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 120.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 600.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 0.600 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 0.600 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1.000 x DL
102 1.000 x DL+1.000 x LL

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 3 of 44

103 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL

104 1.000 x DL+0.700 x ELX
105 1.000 x DL+0.700 x ELZ
106 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL+0.525 x ELX
107 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL+0.525 x ELZ
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
201 1.400 x DL
202 1.200 x DL+1.600 x LL
203 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL
204 1.200 x DL
205 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL+1.000 x ELX
206 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL+1.000 x ELZ
207 1.200 x DL+1.000 x ELX
208 1.200 x DL+1.000 x ELZ

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 0.833 0.026 -0.008 0.000 0.000
102 0.833 0.030 -0.009 0.000 0.000
103 0.833 0.029 -0.009 0.000 0.000
104 0.833 0.026 -0.008 0.000 0.000
105 0.833 0.026 -0.019 0.000 0.000
106 0.833 0.029 -0.009 0.000 0.000
107 0.833 0.029 -0.018 0.000 0.000

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
201 1.166 0.036 -0.011 0.000 0.000
202 0.999 0.037 -0.012 0.000 0.000
203 0.999 0.035 -0.011 0.000 0.000
204 0.999 0.031 -0.009 0.000 0.000
205 0.999 0.035 -0.011 0.000 0.000
206 0.999 0.035 -0.027 0.000 0.000
207 0.999 0.031 -0.010 0.000 0.000
208 0.999 0.031 -0.026 0.000 0.000

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 0.360 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 0.049 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 0.650 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 0.650 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 0.422 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 4 of 44

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

105 16.3591 16.6416 16.4323 16.1497 0.000

107 16.3339 16.6490 16.4574 16.1423 0.000

102 16.2844 16.6104 16.5069 16.1809 0.000

101 16.2975 16.5800 16.4939 16.2113 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero and the
pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

105 16.3591 16.6416 16.4323 16.1497

107 16.3339 16.6490 16.4574 16.1423

102 16.2844 16.6104 16.5069 16.1809

101 16.2975 16.5800 16.4939 16.2113

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 133.905 439.207 1141.937 348.153

102 116.056 365.473 950.229 301.746

103 120.057 381.484 991.857 312.148

104 133.580 434.578 1129.902 347.307

105 133.905 180.724 469.881 348.153

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 5 of 44

106 119.861 378.855 985.022 311.638

107 120.057 197.484 513.458 312.148

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 102

Governing Disturbing Force : 0.030 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 3.464 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 116.056
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 105
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.005 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 2.251 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 469.881

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 105

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.019 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 3.464 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 180.724
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 102
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.007 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 2.251 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 301.746

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 0.532 kN, Load Case # 201

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.918 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 764.404 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 718.801 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 509.602 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 382.202 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 6 of 44

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 86.369 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.652 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending about the
X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 64.777 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 201 0.000 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 86.369 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.652 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending about
the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 64.777 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 201 0.000 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 7 of 44

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete Design
(5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 201

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03783

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.173 m
a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.028 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.031 kNm

Required = 0.00001

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 158.886 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 12700.000 mm o.c.

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 8 of 44

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.123 m
=
Try bar size # 12 Area of one bar = 113.097 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 2

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 226.193 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.194 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00179

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 500.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete Design
(5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 201

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor
from ACI 0.850
Cl.10.2.7.3
=
From ACI
Cl. 10.3.2, 0.03783
=
From ACI
Cl. 10.3.3, 0.02837
=
From ACI
Cl.7.12.2, 170285828775912630000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
=
From Ref. 15.406
1, Eq.
3.8.4a,
constant
m=

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 9 of 44

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for
flexure
about X
axis is
performed
at the
face of 0.173
the
column at
a
distance,
Dz =

Ultimate
0.027
moment,
Nominal
moment
capacity, 0.030
Mn =

Required
0.00001
=

Since OK

Area of
Steel
Required, 179975103726754580000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
As =

Selected Bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 12700.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.123 m
=
Try bar size # 12 Area of one bar = 113.097 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 2

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 226.193 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.178 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00195

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 500.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 10 of 44

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth and
surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03783

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.173 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.163 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.181 kNm

Required = 0.00004

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 147.966 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 11 of 44

#12 @ 500 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03783

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.173 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.163 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.181 kNm

Required = 0.00003

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 158.886 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 500 mm o.c.

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 12 of 44

Isolated Footing 71

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 600.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 600.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Circular

Column Dia : 0.300m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 13 of 44

Unit Weight of Concrete : 24.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2
Yield Strength of Steel : 275.000 N/mm2
Minimum Bar Size : #12
Maximum Bar Size : #20
Minimum Bar Spacing : 50.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 18.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 120.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 600.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 0.600 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 0.600 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1.000 x DL
102 1.000 x DL+1.000 x LL
103 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL
104 1.000 x DL+0.700 x ELX
105 1.000 x DL+0.700 x ELZ
106 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL+0.525 x ELX
107 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL+0.525 x ELZ
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
201 1.400 x DL
202 1.200 x DL+1.600 x LL
203 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL
204 1.200 x DL
205 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL+1.000 x ELX
206 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL+1.000 x ELZ
207 1.200 x DL+1.000 x ELX
208 1.200 x DL+1.000 x ELZ

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 0.833 -0.252 -0.001 0.000 0.000
102 0.833 -0.285 -0.002 0.000 0.000

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 14 of 44

103 0.833 -0.277 -0.002 0.000 0.000

104 0.833 -0.252 -0.001 0.000 0.000
105 0.833 -0.252 -0.012 0.000 0.000
106 0.833 -0.277 -0.001 0.000 0.000
107 0.833 -0.277 -0.009 0.000 0.000

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
201 1.166 -0.353 -0.002 0.000 0.000
202 0.999 -0.356 -0.002 0.000 0.000
203 0.999 -0.336 -0.002 0.000 0.000
204 0.999 -0.303 -0.002 0.000 0.000
205 0.999 -0.336 -0.002 0.000 0.000
206 0.999 -0.336 -0.017 0.000 0.000
207 0.999 -0.303 -0.001 0.000 0.000
208 0.999 -0.303 -0.017 0.000 0.000

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 0.360 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 0.049 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 0.650 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 0.650 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 0.422 m2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

102 17.9632 14.8453 14.8282 17.9461 0.000

105 17.8386 15.0815 14.9527 17.7098 0.000

104 17.7803 15.0238 15.0111 17.7675 0.000

102 17.9632 14.8453 14.8282 17.9461 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero and the
pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 15 of 44

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

102 17.9632 14.8453 14.8282 17.9461

105 17.8386 15.0815 14.9527 17.7098

104 17.7803 15.0238 15.0111 17.7675

102 17.9632 14.8453 14.8282 17.9461

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 13.723 2654.088 6900.628 35.680

102 12.135 2211.740 5750.523 31.552

103 12.497 2307.902 6000.546 32.491

104 13.727 2964.129 7706.734 35.689

105 13.723 293.713 763.654 35.680

106 12.499 2476.864 6439.846 32.497

107 12.497 369.792 961.460 32.491

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 102

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.285 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 3.464 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 12.135
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 105
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.003 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 2.251 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 763.654

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 105

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.012 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 3.464 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 293.713
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 102

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 16 of 44

Governing Overturning Moment : 0.071 kNm

Governing Resisting Moment : 2.251 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 31.552

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 0.532 kN, Load Case # 201

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.918 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 764.404 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 718.801 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 509.602 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 382.202 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 86.369 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.652 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending about the

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 17 of 44

X axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 64.777 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 201 0.000 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 86.369 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.652 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending about
the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 64.777 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 201 0.000 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete Design
(5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 201

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03783

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 18 of 44

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.173 m
a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.042 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.047 kNm

Required = 0.00001

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 158.886 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 12700.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.123 m
=
Try bar size # 12 Area of one bar = 113.097 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 2

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 226.193 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.194 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00179

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 500.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 19 of 44

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete Design
(5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 201

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor
from ACI 0.850
Cl.10.2.7.3
=
From ACI
Cl. 10.3.2, 0.03783
=
From ACI
Cl. 10.3.3, 0.02837
=
From ACI
Cl.7.12.2, 170285828775912630000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
=
From Ref. 15.406
1, Eq.
3.8.4a,
constant
m=

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for
flexure
about X
axis is
performed
at the
face of 0.173
the
column at
a
distance,
Dz =

Ultimate
0.027
moment,
Nominal
moment
capacity, 0.030
Mn =

Required
0.00001
=

Since OK

Area of
Steel
Required, 179975103726754580000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
As =

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 20 of 44

Selected Bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 12700.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.123 m
=
Try bar size # 12 Area of one bar = 113.097 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 2

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 226.193 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.178 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00195

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 500.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth and
surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 21 of 44

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03783

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.173 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.163 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.181 kNm

Required = 0.00004

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 147.966 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 500 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 22 of 44

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03783

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.173 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.163 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.181 kNm

Required = 0.00003

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 158.886 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 500 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 72

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 23 of 44

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 600.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 600.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Circular

Column Dia : 0.300m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 24.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 24 of 44

Yield Strength of Steel : 275.000 N/mm2

Minimum Bar Size : #12
Maximum Bar Size : #20
Minimum Bar Spacing : 50.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 18.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 120.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 600.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 0.600 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 0.600 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1.000 x DL
102 1.000 x DL+1.000 x LL
103 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL
104 1.000 x DL+0.700 x ELX
105 1.000 x DL+0.700 x ELZ
106 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL+0.525 x ELX
107 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL+0.525 x ELZ
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
201 1.400 x DL
202 1.200 x DL+1.600 x LL
203 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL
204 1.200 x DL
205 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL+1.000 x ELX
206 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL+1.000 x ELZ
207 1.200 x DL+1.000 x ELX
208 1.200 x DL+1.000 x ELZ

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 0.833 0.026 -0.008 0.000 0.000
102 0.833 0.030 -0.010 0.000 0.000
103 0.833 0.029 -0.009 0.000 0.000
104 0.833 0.026 -0.008 0.000 0.000

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 25 of 44

105 0.833 0.026 -0.019 0.000 0.000

106 0.833 0.029 -0.009 0.000 0.000
107 0.833 0.029 -0.018 0.000 0.000

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
201 1.166 0.036 -0.011 0.000 0.000
202 0.999 0.037 -0.012 0.000 0.000
203 0.999 0.035 -0.011 0.000 0.000
204 0.999 0.031 -0.010 0.000 0.000
205 0.999 0.035 -0.011 0.000 0.000
206 0.999 0.035 -0.027 0.000 0.000
207 0.999 0.031 -0.010 0.000 0.000
208 0.999 0.031 -0.026 0.000 0.000

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 0.360 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 0.049 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 0.650 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 0.650 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 0.422 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

105 16.3592 16.6418 16.4321 16.1495 0.000

107 16.3341 16.6492 16.4573 16.1421 0.000

102 16.2846 16.6106 16.5067 16.1807 0.000

101 16.2976 16.5802 16.4937 16.2111 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero and the
pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 26 of 44

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

105 16.3592 16.6418 16.4321 16.1495

107 16.3341 16.6492 16.4573 16.1421

102 16.2846 16.6106 16.5067 16.1807

101 16.2976 16.5802 16.4937 16.2111

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 133.895 437.376 1137.179 348.126

102 116.045 364.090 946.633 301.716

103 120.046 380.008 988.021 312.118

104 133.569 425.638 1106.658 347.280

105 133.895 180.433 469.125 348.126

106 119.849 373.299 970.578 311.608

107 120.046 197.105 512.474 312.118

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 102

Governing Disturbing Force : 0.030 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 3.464 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 116.045
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 105
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.005 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 2.251 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 469.125

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 105

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.019 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 3.464 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 180.433
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 102
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.007 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 2.251 kNm

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 27 of 44

Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 301.716

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 0.532 kN, Load Case # 201

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.918 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 764.404 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 718.801 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 509.602 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 382.202 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 86.369 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.652 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending about the
X axis.

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 28 of 44

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 64.777 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 201 0.000 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 86.369 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.652 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending about
the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 64.777 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 201 0.000 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete Design
(5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 201

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03783

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 29 of 44

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.173 m
a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.028 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.031 kNm

Required = 0.00001

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 158.886 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 12700.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.123 m
=
Try bar size # 12 Area of one bar = 113.097 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 2

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 226.193 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.194 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00179

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 500.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 30 of 44

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete Design
(5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 201

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor
from ACI 0.850
Cl.10.2.7.3
=
From ACI
Cl. 10.3.2, 0.03783
=
From ACI
Cl. 10.3.3, 0.02837
=
From ACI
Cl.7.12.2, 170285828775912630000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
=
From Ref. 15.406
1, Eq.
3.8.4a,
constant
m=

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for
flexure
about X
axis is
performed
at the
face of 0.173
the
column at
a
distance,
Dz =

Ultimate
0.027
moment,
Nominal
moment
capacity, 0.030
Mn =

Required
0.00001
=

Since OK

Area of
Steel
Required, 179975103726754580000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
As =

Selected Bar Size = #12

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 31 of 44

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 12700.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.123 m
=
Try bar size # 12 Area of one bar = 113.097 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 2

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 226.193 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.178 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00195

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 500.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth and
surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 32 of 44

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03783

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.173 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.163 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.181 kNm

Required = 0.00004

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 147.966 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 500 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

0.03783

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 33 of 44

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, =

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.173 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.163 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.181 kNm

Required = 0.00003

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 158.886 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 500 mm o.c.

Isolated Footing 73

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 34 of 44

Input Values

Footing Geomtery

Design Type : Calculate Dimension

Footing Thickness (Ft) : 250.000 mm
Footing Length - X (Fl) : 600.000 mm
Footing Width - Z (Fw) : 600.000 mm
Eccentricity along X (Oxd) : 0.000 mm
Eccentricity along Z (Ozd) : 0.000 mm

Column Dimensions

Column Shape : Circular

Column Dia : 0.300m

Pedestal

Include Pedestal? No
Pedestal Shape : N/A
Pedestal Height (Ph) : N/A
Pedestal Length - X (Pl) : N/A
Pedestal Width - Z (Pw) : N/A

Design Parameters

Concrete and Rebar Properties

Unit Weight of Concrete : 24.000 kN/m3

Strength of Concrete : 21.000 N/mm2

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 35 of 44

Yield Strength of Steel : 275.000 N/mm2

Minimum Bar Size : #12
Maximum Bar Size : #20
Minimum Bar Spacing : 50.000 mm
Maximum Bar Spacing : 500.000 mm
Pedestal Clear Cover (P, CL) : 50.000 mm
Footing Clear Cover (F, CL) : 50.000 mm

Soil Properties

Soil Type : UnDrained

Unit Weight : 18.000 kN/m3
Soil Bearing Capacity : 120.000 kN/m2
Soil Surcharge : 0.000 kN/m2
Depth of Soil above Footing : 600.000 mm
Undrained Shear Strength : 0.000 kN/m2

Sliding and Overturning

Coefficient of Friction : 0.500

Factor of Safety Against Sliding : 1.500
Factor of Safety Against Overturning : 1.500

------------------------------------------------------

Design Calculations

Footing Size

Initial Length (Lo) = 0.600 m

Initial Width (Wo) = 0.600 m

Load Combination/s- Service Stress Level

Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
101 1.000 x DL
102 1.000 x DL+1.000 x LL
103 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL
104 1.000 x DL+0.700 x ELX
105 1.000 x DL+0.700 x ELZ
106 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL+0.525 x ELX
107 1.000 x DL+0.750 x LL+0.525 x ELZ
Load Combination/s- Strength Level
Load Combination
Load Combination Title
Number
201 1.400 x DL
202 1.200 x DL+1.600 x LL
203 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL
204 1.200 x DL
205 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL+1.000 x ELX
206 1.200 x DL+1.000 x LL+1.000 x ELZ
207 1.200 x DL+1.000 x ELX
208 1.200 x DL+1.000 x ELZ

Applied Loads - Service Stress Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
101 0.833 -0.252 -0.001 0.000 0.000
102 0.833 -0.285 -0.002 0.000 0.000
103 0.833 -0.277 -0.002 0.000 0.000
104 0.833 -0.252 -0.001 0.000 0.000

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 36 of 44

105 0.833 -0.252 -0.012 0.000 0.000

106 0.833 -0.277 -0.001 0.000 0.000
107 0.833 -0.277 -0.009 0.000 0.000

Applied Loads - Strength Level

Axial Shear X Shear Z Moment X Moment Z
LC
(kN) (kN) (kN) (kNm) (kNm)
201 1.166 -0.353 -0.002 0.000 0.000
202 0.999 -0.356 -0.002 0.000 0.000
203 0.999 -0.336 -0.002 0.000 0.000
204 0.999 -0.303 -0.002 0.000 0.000
205 0.999 -0.336 -0.001 0.000 0.000
206 0.999 -0.336 -0.017 0.000 0.000
207 0.999 -0.303 -0.001 0.000 0.000
208 0.999 -0.303 -0.017 0.000 0.000

Reduction of force due to buoyancy = 0.000 kN

Effect due to adhesion = 0.000 kN
Area from initial length and width, Ao = L X W = 0.360 m2
o o
Min. area required from bearing pressure, Amin = P / q
max
= 0.049 m2

Note: Amin is an initial estimation.

P = Critical Factored Axial Load(without self weight/buoyancy/soil).
qmax = Respective Factored Bearing Capacity.

Final Footing Size

Length (L2) = 0.650 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Width (W2) = 0.650 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Depth (D2) = 0.250 m Governing Load Case : # 101

Area (A2) = 0.422 m 2

Pressures at Four Corners

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Area of footing

corner 1 corner 2 corner 3 corner 4 in uplift (Au)
Load Case (q1) (q2) (q3) (q4)
(kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (m2)

102 17.9632 14.8453 14.8281 17.9460 0.000

105 17.8386 15.0816 14.9527 17.7098 0.000

104 17.7795 15.0231 15.0118 17.7682 0.000

102 17.9632 14.8453 14.8281 17.9460 0.000

If Au is zero, there is no uplift and no pressure adjustment is necessary. Otherwise, to account for uplift, areas of negative pressure will be set to zero and the
pressure will be redistributed to remaining corners.

Summary of Adjusted Pressures at 4 corners Four Corners

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 37 of 44

Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at Pressure at

corner 1 (q1) corner 2 (q2) corner 3 (q3) corner 4 (q4)

Load Case (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2) (kN/m2)

102 17.9632 14.8453 14.8281 17.9460

105 17.8386 15.0816 14.9527 17.7098

104 17.7795 15.0231 15.0118 17.7682

102 17.9632 14.8453 14.8281 17.9460

Check for stability against overturning and sliding

Factor of safety against Factor of safety against

-
sliding overturning

Load Case Along X- Along Z- About X- About Z-

No. Direction Direction Direction Direction

101 13.723 2641.941 6869.045 35.680

102 12.135 2206.105 5735.872 31.552

103 12.497 2301.003 5982.607 32.491

104 13.727 3330.049 8658.127 35.689

105 13.723 293.599 763.357 35.680

106 12.499 2660.050 6916.129 32.497

107 12.497 369.656 961.106 32.491

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - X Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along X-Direction : 102

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.285 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 3.464 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 12.135
Critical Load Case for Overturning about X-Direction : 105
Governing Overturning Moment : -0.003 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 2.251 kNm
Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 763.357

Critical Load Case And The Governing Factor Of Safety For Overturning And Sliding - Z Direction

Critical Load Case for Sliding along Z-Direction : 105

Governing Disturbing Force : -0.012 kN
Governing Restoring Force : 3.464 kN
Minimum Sliding Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 293.599
Critical Load Case for Overturning about Z-Direction : 102
Governing Overturning Moment : 0.071 kNm
Governing Resisting Moment : 2.251 kNm

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 38 of 44

Minimum Overturning Ratio for the Critical Load Case : 31.552

Shear Calculation

Punching Shear Check

Total Footing Depth, D = 0.250m

Calculated Effective Depth, deff = D - Ccover - 1.0 = 0.175 m 1 inch is deducted from total depth to cater bar dia(US Convention).

For rectangular column, = Bcol / Dcol = 1.000

Effective depth, deff, increased until 0.75XVc Punching Shear Force

Punching Shear Force, Vu = 0.532 kN, Load Case # 201

From ACI Cl.11.12.2.1, bo for column= 1.918 m

Equation 11-33, Vc1 = 764.404 kN

Equation 11-34, Vc2 = 718.801 kN

Equation 11-35, Vc3 = 509.602 kN

Punching shear strength, Vc = 0.75 X minimum of (Vc1, Vc2, Vc3) = 382.202 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vu hence, OK

Along X Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global X Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 86.369 kN

Distance along X to design for shear,

Dx = 0.652 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vux where Vux is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending about the
X axis.

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 39 of 44

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 64.777 kN

Critical load case for Vux is # 201 0.000 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vux hence, OK

One-Way Shear Check

Along Z Direction

(Shear Plane Parallel to Global Z Axis)

From ACI Cl.11.3.1.1, Vc = 86.369 kN

Distance along X to design for shear, Dz = 0.652 m

Check that 0.75 X Vc > Vuz where Vuz is the shear force for the critical load cases at a distance deff from the face of the column caused by bending about
the Z axis.

From above calculations, 0.75 X Vc = 64.777 kN

Critical load case for Vuz is # 201 0.000 kN

0.75 X Vc > Vuz hence, OK

Design for Flexure about Z Axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis)

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the X direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete Design
(5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 201

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03783

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 40 of 44

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about Z axis is

performed at the face of the column at 0.173 m
a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.042 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.047 kNm

Required = 0.00001

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 158.886 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 12700.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.123 m
=
Try bar size # 12 Area of one bar = 113.097 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 2

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 226.193 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.194 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00179

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, 500.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = Min. User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Design for Flexure about X axis

(For Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis)

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 41 of 44

Calculate the flexural reinforcement along the Z direction of the footing. Find the area of steel required, A, as per Section 3.8 of Reinforced Concrete Design
(5th ed.) by Salmon and Wang (Ref. 1)

Critical Load Case # 201

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor
from ACI 0.850
Cl.10.2.7.3
=
From ACI
Cl. 10.3.2, 0.03783
=
From ACI
Cl. 10.3.3, 0.02837
=
From ACI
Cl.7.12.2, 170285828775912630000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
=
From Ref. 15.406
1, Eq.
3.8.4a,
constant
m=

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for
flexure
about X
axis is
performed
at the
face of 0.173
the
column at
a
distance,
Dz =

Ultimate
0.027
moment,
Nominal
moment
capacity, 0.030
Mn =

Required
0.00001
=

Since OK

Area of
Steel
Required, 179975103726754580000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000
As =

Selected Bar Size = #12

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 42 of 44

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 12700.000 mm o.c.

Required development length for bars = =0.305 m

Available development length for bars, DL

0.123 m
=
Try bar size # 12 Area of one bar = 113.097 mm2

Number of bars required, Nbar = 2

Because the number of bars is rounded up, make sure new reinforcement ratio < ρmax

Total reinforcement area, As_total = Nbar X (Area of one bar) = 226.193 mm2
deff = D - Ccover - 0.5 X (dia. of one bar) 0.178 m
=

Reinforcement ratio, = 0.00195

From ACI Cl.7.6.1, minimum req'd clear max (Diameter of one bar, 1.0, Min. 500.000 mm
distance between bars, Cd = User Spacing) =

Check to see if width is sufficient to accomodate bars

Bending moment for uplift cases will be calculated based solely on selfweight, soil depth and surcharge loading.

As the footing size has already been determined based on all servicebility load cases, and design moment calculation is based on selfweight, soil depth and
surcharge only, top reinforcement value for all pure uplift load cases will be the same.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to Z Axis

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mx. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 43 of 44

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, = 0.03783

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl. 7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.173 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.163 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.181 kNm

Required = 0.00004

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 147.966 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 500 mm o.c.

Design For Top Reinforcement Parallel to X Axis

First load case to be in pure uplift #

Calculate the flexural reinforcement for Mz. Find the area of steel required

The strength values of steel and concrete used in the formulae are in ksi

Factor from ACI Cl.10.2.7.3 = 0.850

0.03783

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020
Isolated Footing Design Page 44 of 44

From ACI Cl. 10.3.2, =

From ACI Cl. 10.3.3, = 0.02837

From ACI Cl.7.12.2, = 0.00140

From Ref. 1, Eq. 3.8.4a, constant m = 15.406

Calculate reinforcement ratio for critical load case

Design for flexure about A axis is

performed at the face of the column 0.173 m
at a distance, Dx =

Ultimate moment, 0.163 kNm

Nominal moment capacity, Mn = 0.181 kNm

Required = 0.00003

Since OK

Area of Steel Required, As = 158.886 mm2

Selected bar Size = #12

Minimum spacing allowed (Smin) = 50.000 mm

Selected spacing (S) = 500.000 mm

Smin <= S <= Smax and selected bar size < selected maximum bar size...

The reinforcement is accepted.

According to ACI 318-05 Clause No- 10.6.4
Max spacing for Cracking Consideration = 448.142 mm

UnSafe for Cracking Aspect.

Based on spacing reinforcement increment; provided reinforcement is

#12 @ 500 mm o.c.

Print Calculation Sheet

file:///C:/Staad.foundation%205.3/CalcXsl/footing.xml 23/12/2020