Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
National Capital Region
Division of City Schools - Valenzuela
Valenzuela City School of Mathematics and Science
A. Pablo St., Malinta, Valenzuela City
BASIC CALCULUS
15 March 20222 HPS= 20 points

Name: Basa, John Allen d. P. Grade & Section: 11-Confucius Score: ____

1. Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 % − 6𝑥 + 9 at 𝑥 = 2.

The problem is asking for the equation of the line tangent to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 % − 6𝑥 + 9 at x=2.
Solution:

First, we need to find the point of tangency, by solving the value of its y-coordinate. This can be
solved by substituting 𝑥 = 2 into the equation of the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 % − 6𝑥 + 9.

Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 % − 6𝑥 + 9
Substitute 𝑥 = 2 on 𝑓(𝑥), thus 𝑓(2) = 2% − 6(2) + 9 = 4-12+9 = 1
Hence, the point of tangency is (2,1)

6(3)76(5)
Second, we must get the slope using the formula, 𝑚 = lim 375
, where a is the x-coordinate
3→5
of (2,1).
Substitute the values,
(𝑥 % − 6𝑥 + 9) − 1
𝑚 = lim
3→% 𝑥−2
Simplify numerator
(𝑥 % − 6𝑥 + 8)
𝑚 = lim
3→% 𝑥−2
Factor out the numerator,
(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 4)
𝑚 = lim
3→% 𝑥−2
Simplify,
𝑚 = lim 𝑥 − 4
3→%
Substitute x=2 and evaluate,
𝑚 = 2 − 4 = −2
Hence, the slope is -2
Lastly, construct the equation of the tangent line using point-slope form. (m= -2, (2,1))
y-1= -2(x-2)
y-1= -2x+4
𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 5
Therefore, the equation of the tangent line to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 % − 6𝑥 + 9
at 𝑥 = 2 is 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 5

(02) 8291-5591
Valmasci.hs@deped.gov.ph
www.valmasci.depedvalenzuela.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
National Capital Region
Division of City Schools - Valenzuela
Valenzuela City School of Mathematics and Science
A. Pablo St., Malinta, Valenzuela City
%3
2. Find the equation of the tangent line to the curve y = (3<=)> at the point (0, 0).
Solution:
This problem is similar to the previous one but with the point of tangency already given.
%3
Let 𝑓(𝑥) = (3<=)>
6(3)76(5)
Get the slope using the formula, 𝑚 = lim , where a is the x-coordinate of (0,0).
3→5 375
Substitute the values,
2𝑥
−0
(𝑥 + 1)%
𝑚 = lim
3→? 𝑥−0
Simplify
2𝑥
(𝑥 + 1)%
𝑚 = lim
3→? 𝑥
2𝑥 1
𝑚 = lim %
×
3→? (𝑥 + 1) 𝑥

2
𝑚 = lim
3→? (𝑥 + 1)%
Substitute x=0 and evaluate,
2 2
𝑚= %
= =2
(0 + 1) 1
Hence, the slope is 2
Next, construct the equation of the tangent line using point-slope form. (m= 2, (0,0))
y-0=2(x-0)
y=2x
%3
Therefore, the equation of the tangent line to the curve y = > at the point (0, 0) 𝑖𝑠 𝑦 = 2𝑥
(3<=)

(02) 8291-5591
vcsms.valenzuela@gmail.com
www.valmasci.depedvalenzuela.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
National Capital Region
Division of City Schools - Valenzuela
Valenzuela City School of Mathematics and Science
A. Pablo St., Malinta, Valenzuela City
3. Find the slope and the equations of the tangent and normal lines to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 M at at 𝑥 = 1.

The problem is similar to question 1 however it also requires the equation and slope of the normal
line that passes perpendicularly trough the slope.

Solution:

Solve for point of tangency by substituting x=1 into equation of curve.

Let 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 M
Substitute 𝑥 = 1 on 𝑓(𝑥), thus 𝑓(1) = 1M = 1
Hence, the point of tangency is (1,1)

6(3)76(5)
Solve the slope using the formula, 𝑚 = lim 375
, where a is the x-coordinate of (1,1).
3→5
Substitute the values,
𝑥M − 1
𝑚 = lim
3→= 𝑥 − 1
Factor out the numerator,
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 % + 𝑥 + 1)
𝑚 = lim
3→= 𝑥−1
Simplify,
𝑚 = lim (𝑥 % + 𝑥 + 1)
3→=
Substitute x=1 and evaluate.
𝑚 = 1% + 1 + 1 = 3
Hence, the slope is 3
Next, construct the equation of the tangent line using point-slope form. (m= 3, (1,1))
Substituting, y-1= 3(x-1)
y-1=3x-3
y=3x-2
7=
For the normal line, 𝑢𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑔 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑓𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑢𝑙𝑎 𝑚Y = Z ,
[
Substituting values,
=
y-1= − (x-1)
M
= =
y-1=− Mx∓M
𝟏 𝟒
y=− 𝟑 𝒙 + 𝟑
Therefore, the equation of the tangent line to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 M at 𝑥 = 1 is y=3x-2 with a slope of 3 while
= a
the equation of normal line is y=− M 𝑥 + M with a slope of -1/3

(02) 8291-5591
vcsms.valenzuela@gmail.com
www.valmasci.depedvalenzuela.ph
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
National Capital Region
Division of City Schools - Valenzuela
Valenzuela City School of Mathematics and Science
A. Pablo St., Malinta, Valenzuela City
4. Find the equation of the tangent line to a curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 % − 1 that is parallel to the line 2x + y=6.

The problem is similar to question 1 but without the x-coordinate of the point of tangency given but
rather an equation of a line parallel to the tangent line. This problem will require a different approach of
solution. We will use derivative or the rate of change to solve for x-coordinate of the point of tangency
since it also defines as slope of the curve at a point.

Solution:
To solve for the slope,
Rearrange 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 6 to 𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 6,
Since slope of tangent line and this line is parallel,
Hence, the slope of the tangent line is also -2

For the x-coordinate of point of tangency,

Use the derivative formula on the equation of the curve,

𝑓(𝑥 + ℎ) − 𝑓(𝑥)
𝑚 = 𝑓 b (𝑥) = lim
c→? ℎ
Transform,
(𝑥 + ℎ)% − 1 − (𝑥 % − 1)
𝑚 = lim
c→? ℎ
Simplify
𝑥 % + 2ℎ𝑥 + ℎ% − 1 − 𝑥 % + 1
𝑚 = lim
c→? ℎ

2ℎ𝑥 + ℎ%
𝑚 = lim
c→? ℎ

𝑚 = lim 2𝑥 + ℎ
c→?
Substitute h=0,
𝑚 = 2𝑥
Equate the two slopes to get x,
2𝑥 = −2
𝑥 = −1

Substitute 𝑥 = −1 on 𝑦 = 𝑥 % − 1 to find the y-coordinate,

𝑦 = (−1)% − 1 = 0
Substitute the values to the point-slope form of a line
𝑦 − 0 = −2(𝑥 − (−1))
𝑦 = −2(𝑥 + 1)
𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 2
Therefore, the equation of the tangent line to the curve 𝑦 = 𝑥 M at 𝑥 = 1 is 𝑦 = −2𝑥 − 2.

(02) 8291-5591
vcsms.valenzuela@gmail.com
www.valmasci.depedvalenzuela.ph