Pac

16 ASSTGNMENT ND. D2
dal & procHco
Chorocderstic
OP-AMP_
nd Lda Choro.cteyietics OP-AMÈ-
Ininide VOHoae_Gain{A
A ooqe dkterence at the hoo
fopusis mugniied_inYiniiel y
As Av- th6 dYereHTal Vo Hag e Vd
to
Dbtoin he moxiSum
OutputVolkaae Vcc) UOil\_ be negliq1ble
2ioitenpuetance
THe (Ri
nputYESTsTan ce Is the total
rEArstan& meagTEA betLoter oo
ioputHErminas an OP-CmD
he ioDUt Iegistance [Ri) ean foleal
OP-AMP_ is_*Tiie. D o this
he_ cur ren+_DcOinc in each tfsminal_
B.2er 0 Output resistane (o O).
he Dutput TeSiStance Oan bP- AMPP
TS he resiS+anc vieu e
butput termial
The Oan
T deot OP-AMP ig zeTo. Du R=
the ideal OP- AMP (an drive îniinite
Dumbe othe devicez
nite bondod:
Banduith ie he ange 0requepCie
LONEH ehich alAhe Siabal fquerci e
ate ampliied admost eguollu
C_banduordth e an Tdea OP AMPP
_inioi4e.So it Qàn amp
3equtncY Siqna rom 0hoc
 aical ChoMaCesieti(a OP-AN
p e n bop gain
0P-
cohe no ecdhoc ofserved
Pmtcally
Pra t s Seyeiai dhuland
peclan
inite uptecatly qrFate
ut s10q T
Toput tage i+ CaD bencseoged
upto Sever
hurdteds phrs.
3) Otp4 mpedanae
T PCally eo hupded Dhrs
hthe het
o negati ve
eed bark,_i+ can be Yeduced u
yalue IPke 1 or 2 Ohrms.
dwiol+h
The bandoidth et O Cal
Op *amp o Open 0Op piact
(on{iQutaticn
yey Small By capplicati on C
neqatiYe eedback it Can be Tncteat|
too destted value
2 Derive the expreion for VoHag e qai
TeTtTOa' amplii ing bP-h
R(Teedboe eesist
From 1h iJuNe, oe
CaD orite tha
V =JAu)
Yo
Aul
Where Av - Open loop qaio t OP- AMMP
Iw koOuo, Av J0F OP- AMP
Vd = Vo_/0 0
Bud, Vd V,- V2
V Vz - 0 -U)
AS posi+ive terminod s connec4 ed
TD ground V0
V2-( LFrom))
h VV2 is ate aTound potential
Sin ce Ioput Yesistce R - , the
Curert gpidg intd OP- AMP be 0
AS the inpt VoHage Vs is beinq
measue d oith Tespet to the qrotnd
gr'o und PoieniA), we
Can_Sag fhot the oput voltage
i s VoHade ACTOSS R vo Heqe v
Ouput Voltagt
he 4pfnput voltc ge, Vs iS
(2)
The putput Voltage Vo 1S i n Du
Vo- RE -(3)
Ne can voriie Eauation (2) &(8) because
V 1S at aroudd Potential
(losed Jbopgain, Avr o
rom,e) (3, Vs
Avr
2Drawexplatn circut dioagram
mu Hivibratbr P o g I(S
MMorosl able
Tme

Vc

THChold
555
Toe
Tr aPY

0.01uF

MonD Stable. Mul4vibroto is olso knotna

one Short
MuHivibrator As Hs namne
indicotes T+ hage Sta ble State
and + Swtch eS to unstable state
or a
predekefroioed +me Penod T
cohen s ggErd he Rme peñoc
T1s determinde b y h e RC e
Consta0+ Crcut Monostabe
S 5 Tmer is COmoo
sed or qenerotipg Pule Witth
Modulcitel °CPM)ave
CCuit Details
Pin 1 is gounded.
appliedo Trtgges oput rs
pio 2 n ute sceot
oput is P T Output his
ept a t +ec To Obtain
0btain
roihion Outpu rom Stable
0
OHe
Ouagi- Stable 6tote, a
 nguegoiogpulse
t h (a todn Srmaller h anaro
o expected
pulse oi ctn OfOutputt avejor ) and
amplude orme +hao +23 Vec
iSapp
Dm'pio3.
to i o 2 O utput i s taben
4 is
avord OCcidetal ree4.Pio
5 S around ed houah a 0. 6l Ju
opacitDP D ovoida norse piob Pin 6
ShoiAa p i n 1. A
S
Connect betuoEen
pio 6 & 8 * pios a lschoge
aPaator COnOfCfd hile piok
is 'connecied D $OPP Vec

G-4 l1h the help 0 fsequt cy sE3Ponse

explaie Dpeation 6 ist ofdles louo
Pals itei
An Frs+ Order low paS e 1 , asd
Anoon alOne pble loD- pas i t e r
shoto i n he igu re is
eaucnC response as Wel
VolHoge 901

P.C
nPico

Posbord pord

Arst Crder lo-pas iHer HequtnCy 1¬ptne

chaiotieristie
 he AC input d Constat ampltucle
s OPplied thmugh he RC nétuoora
he non- învèh+7na iDput e the
oP-AMP
Actualy fhe Voltage The
acfosS
non-inve
C
applied as input
n g fey oinal.
o
A+ loto e q u e n Ci e fhe reatance
CopacrtorG is large. tfence
e Part_ e input voltage
AppreaL aCross_
am'plifi ed b y f e non-inver4Hog
ampli?ier
fowe ver OIth_tocreae in
San al requLe NCythe capacitie
Yexis- redctance eCTeaRER 4
C aLs o eeseaies
Volage acrOSE
oi th ncreOXE tinh irequn
s cicc+

palgel hrou h the

atten uateS
SianaS bUt

o d pals iHer
idei4res o
OS List boplean
tabular for prove pe
Morgan

Theore m nas suagesHd

TLO0

De-MDTQan
hepres
OP Gate_
hND Aate
2 A
Ihis thEore m
an be veufied bu
a*uth tabe
-

Hrom the_ toble e

LS = 2. ttS

Hence provedd

This heórem Can be verfied bu-

orhg a truth table

he table_ W Can See fhatf

LH:S=R.H:S

i.e
prövedd.
+Cooce