UNIVERSITI TEKNOLOGI MARA (UiTM)

PUNCAK ALAM CAMPUS

FACULTY OF HEALTH SCIENCES

BACHELOR OF PHYSIOTHERAPY (Hons.)

HS244

UPH654 KNOW YOUR MEDICINE

CASE STUDY 20%

PREPARED BY:
Muhammad Harith Ashraf bin Badrul Hisham
HS2444E

PREPARED FOR:
PN. NUR SABIHA BINTI MD HUSSIN

SUBMISSION DATE:
21st MAY 2021
SUBJECT DESCRIPTION
Name Pn. H
Age
51 years old

BMI Height: 154 cm

Weight: 65 kg
BMI: 27.4

Past & current Past Medications:

medications  NIL
Current Medications:
 Zynor Amlodipine 10mg

Social History  Occupation: Subject is a business women

 Marital status: Married and blessed with 5 children
 Home environment: Lives in a double-storey house
 ADL status: Subject is independent ADL
 Smoking and alcohol consumption: NA
 Dominant side: Right

Past & current Past Medical Condition:

medical condition  NKMI
Current Medical Condition:
 Patient diagnosed with Hypertension since one year ago.
 Medicine Information

Generic name
Amlodipine Besylate

Brand name
Zynor

Indication  Hypertension
 The main indication for Amlodipine is hypertension. This
drug lowers the blood pressure by relaxing and
widening the blood vessels. Amlodipine prevents
calcium from entering the arteries. This will make the
arteries to be easier to relax and thus improve the blood
flow in the body.
 Myocardial ischemia
 Amlodipine’s role in relieving stable angina is due to the
lowering of afterload secondary to its vasodilatory and
antihypertensive properties. Reducing afterload leads to
a lowering of myocardial oxygen demand at any level of
exertion as the heart does not need to work as hard to
pump blood into the systemic circulation. (Bulsara and
Cassagnol, 2020)
Strength
Amlodipine 10mg

Dosage  Adults: initial dose 5 mg once daily; maximum dose of 10 mg

per day
 Geriatric and Debilitated Patients: reduce initial dose to 2.5
mg once daily; maximum dose of 10 mg per day
 Adolescents and Children 6 years of age or older: 2.5 to 5
mg once daily; maximum dose of 5 mg per day
 Children 6 years of age or younger: 0.05 to 0.2 mg/kg per
day; maximum dose 0.3 to 0.6 mg/kg per day (up to 5 mg per
day)
(Bulsara and Cassagnol, 2020)
How to take 10mg of amlodipine is prescribed once daily with or without food
intake. This is because this drug has long half-life which will be
 beneficial for patient’s compliance. (Fares et al, 2016)

Formulation  Amlodipine besylate is chemically described as 3-Ethyl-5-

methyl (±)-2-[(2-aminoethoxy)methyl]-4-(2- chlorophenyl)-1,4-
dihydro-6-methyl-3,5-pyridinedicarboxylate,
monobenzenesulphonate.
 Its empirical formula is C20H25CIN2O5 •C6H6O3S,
 Molecular weight of 567.1
(RxList, 2020)
Route of
administration Oral Administration

Registration
number MAL06051323AZ

Medicine storage
Store in room temperature (below30’C)

Contraindications  Sensitivity towards dihydropyridines, amlodipine or any of the

the excipients.
 Cardiogenic shock
 Aortic stenosis
 Unstable angina

Adverse reaction Common

 Headache
 Oedema
 Fatigue
 Somnolence
 Nausea
 Abdominal pain
 Flushing
 Palpitations
 Dizziness
 Less Common
 Alopecia
 Altered bowel habits
 Arthralgia
 Asthenia
 Back pain
 Dyspepsia
 Dyspnea
 Gingival
 Hyperplasia
 Gynecomastia
 Hyperglycemia
 Impotence
 Increased urinary frequency
 Leucopenia
 Malaise
 Mood swings
 Dry mouth
 Muscle cramps
 Myalgia
 Peripheral neuropathy
 Pancreatitis
 Increased sweating

Pregnancy
dosage Research in animals has shown negative effects to the fetus when the
mother takes amlodipine. However, there haven’t been enough studies
done in humans to be certain how the drug might affect a human
pregnancy. Tell your doctor if you’re pregnant or plan to become
pregnant. Amlodipine should be used during pregnancy only if the
potential benefit justifies the potential risk. (Medical News Today, 2018)

Shape of
medicine Oval-shaped (11.0mm x 6.0mm) normal convex tablet
Colour of
medicine White

Photo of
medicine
REFERENCES

Bulsara, K. G., & Cassagnol, M. (2020, November 4). Amlodipine. StatPearls

[Internet]. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519508/.

Fares, H., DiNicolantonio, J. J., O'Keefe, J. H., & Lavie, C. J. (2016). Amlodipine in
hypertension: a first-line agent with efficacy for improving blood pressure and
patient outcomes. Open Heart, 3(2). https://doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2016-
000473

Medical News Today. (2018, July 5). Amlodipine: Side effects, dosage, uses, and
more. Medical News Today.
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/amlodipine-oral-tablet#dosage.

RxList. (2020, October 27). Norvasc (Amlodipine Besylate): Uses, Dosage, Side
Effects, Interactions, Warning. RxList. https://www.rxlist.com/norvasc-drug.htm.

SingHealth. (n.d.). Amlodipine. SingHealth. https://www.singhealth.com.sg/patient-

care/medicine/amlodipine/side-effects.

Xepa. (2016, August 3). Zynor® Tablets 10mg - Xepa-Soul Pattinson (Malaysia) Sdn
Bhd 196901000419 (8504-M). Xepa. http://xepasp.com/?popuppress=zynor-
tablets-10mg.

Zynor Amlodipine 10mg.specific product characteristic.2014