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Pre - Calculus: Solving Situational Problems Involving Conic Sections
Pre - Calculus: Solving Situational Problems Involving Conic Sections
Pre - Calculus
Module 7:
Solving Situational Problems
Involving Conic Sections
AIRs - LM
LU_Pre-Calculus_Module7 LU_Pre-Calculus_Module7
STEM – Pre - Calculus
Module 7: Solving Situational Problems Involving Conic Sections
Second Edition, 2021
Copyright © 2021
La Union Schools Division
Region I
All rights reserved. No part of this module may be reproduced in any form without written
permission from the copyright owners.
Management Team:
LU_Pre-Calculus_Module7
Senior High School
Pre - Calculus
Module 7:
Solving Situational Problems
Involving Conic Sections
LU_Pre-Calculus_Module7
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions,
directions, exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to
understand each lesson.
Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-
by-step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.
In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how
they can best help you on your home-based learning.
Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any
part of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises
and tests. And read the instructions carefully before performing each task.
If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering
the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or
facilitator.
Thank you.
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Target
In your previous lesson, you are done with recognizing the equation
and important characteristics of the different types of conic sections. It is
only after transforming a given general equation 𝐴𝑥 2 + 𝐵𝑦 2 + 𝐶𝑥 + 𝐷𝑦 + 𝐸 = 0
to standard form that you can identify whether it is a non-degenerate case
(circle, parabola, ellipse, or hyperbola) or a degenerate case (point,
intersecting lines, or empty set).
This module will provide you with information and activities that will
help you understand how to solve problems involving conic sections.
Learning Objectives:
1. Recall the different properties of the conic sections
2. Recognize the standard form of equation of the different conic
sections
3. Apply the properties of conic sections in solving real-life problems
Pretest
Directions: Read carefully each item. Write only the letter of the correct
answer for each item. Use a separate sheet for your answers.
LU_Pre-Calculus_Module7
3. Which is the correct standard form of equation?
A. 𝑥 2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 102 B. 𝑥 2 + (𝑦 − 5)2 = 112
C. 𝑥 2 + (𝑦 − 6)2 = 52 D. 𝑥 2 + (𝑦 − 6)2 = 62
4. How far away from the center, horizontally, is the car when it is at an
altitude of 9 m?
A. 2 m B. 3 m C. 4 m D. 5 m
For numbers 6 and 7: An engineer plans to design a 15-ft wide and 4-ft deep
satellite dish with a parabolic cross-section.
6. Which equation models the problem given the vertex is at the origin?
A. 𝑥 2 = 4𝑐𝑦 B. 𝑥 2 = −4𝑐𝑦 C. 𝑥 2 = 15𝑦 D. 𝑥 2 = −15𝑦
For numbers 8 and 9: The cable of a suspension bridge hangs in the shape
of a parabola. The towers supporting the cable are 500 feet apart and 150
feet high and the cable, at its lowest, is 50 ft above the bridge at its
midpoint.
9. How high is the cable at a point 150 feet from the center of the bridge?
A. 66 ft B. 76 ft C. 86 ft D. 96 ft
11. How far from the center should the gentlemen stand if they would like to
whisper back and forth and hear each other?
A. 35 ft B. 40 ft C. 45 ft D. 50 ft
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For numbers 12 and 13: The arch of a bridge is in the shape of a semi-
ellipse, with its major axis at the water level. It is 30 ft high in the middle
and 140 ft across its major axis.
13. How high above the water level is the arch, at a point 40 ft from the
center horizontally?
A. 24.62 ft B. 25.74 ft C. 26.42 ft D. 27.45 ft
15. Two radar sites track an airplane flying on a hyperbolic path. Radar A is
located at (0,0) and shows to be 200 miles away at a certain time. Radar B is
located 160 miles east from Radar A and shows the airplane to be 100 miles
away at the same time. What is the equation of the hyperbola where the
plane could be located?
(𝑥−80)2 𝑦2 (𝑥−50)2 𝑦2
A. − =1 B. − =1
2,500 3,900 5,000 6,400
(𝑥−80)2 𝑦2 (𝑥−50)2 𝑦2
C. − 2,000 = 1 D. − 2,000 = 1
6,400 5,000
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Jumpstart
2. Center
3. Vertex (Vertices)
4. Co-Vertex (Co-vertices)
5. Focus (Foci)
6. Directrix
(𝑥−ℎ)2 (𝑦−𝑘)2
7. + =1
𝑎2 𝑏2
8. 𝑥 = 4𝑐𝑦
2
9. (𝑥 − ℎ)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑘 )2 = 𝑟 2
(𝑥−ℎ)2 (𝑦−𝑘)2
10. − =1
𝑎2 𝑏2
Directions: Read and understand the problem below. Answer what is being
asked.
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3. Which graph illustrates the problem?
A. B.
C. D.
5. Which is the approximated height of the tunnel at the edge of each lane?
A. 3.56 ft B. 5.68 ft C. 7.48 ft D. 8.19 ft
Discover
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Example 1: A single-lane street with two lanes, each 10 ft wide, goes
through a semicircular tunnel with radius 13 ft. How high is the tunnel at
the edge of each lane? (Round off answer to 2 decimal places)
Given:
Circle
C (0,0)
r = 13 ft
Unknown:
height of the
tunnel at the edge of 10
ft wide lane
Solution:
a. The equation is
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 132 , since
(ℎ, 𝑘 )is (0,0)
Given:
Parabola, (5,4)
V(0,0)
Point on the parabola (5,4)
Unknown: c
distance from the vertex to the
focus, c
Solution:
a. The equation is 𝑥 2 = 4𝑐𝑦, since the vertex is at the origin and opens
upward
b. Substitute given point (5,4) in the equation; (5)2 = 4𝑐(4). That is,
25
c=16 or approximately 1.56 ft.
Conclusion:
The distance from the vertex to the receiver is approximately 1.56 ft.
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Example 3: A whispering gallery is a room where whispers can be heard in
some parts of the gallery. It has a semielliptical ceiling that is 9 m high and
30 m long. How high is the ceiling above the two foci? (Round off answer to 2
decimal places.)
-15 15
Given:
Ellipse;
major axis=30m;
half of the minor axis=9m
Unknown:
height of the ceiling above the two foci
Solution:
𝑥2 𝑦2
a. The equation is 152 + 92 = 1, since the center is at the origin, half of
the major axis is 15 m, and 9 m is the half of the minor axis.
b. Solve for c, the distance from the center to the focus. Thus, 𝑐 2 =
𝑎2 − 𝑏2 = 152 − 92 = 12. This means that the distance from the
center to the focus is 12 m.
122 𝑦2
c. Substitute the given in the equation: + 92 = 1. Solving for y>0.
152
𝑦2 144 27
81
= 1 − 225. This yields y= 5 which is approximately 5.40 m.
Conclusion:
The height of the ceiling above each focus is approximately 5.40 m.
Given:
Hyperbola
rate=0.80 km/sec
time of delay between two
signals=6 secs
C(0,0)
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Unknown: location of the ship if 1.2 km from the shore
Solution:
a. Difference between the distances travelled by the two signals is
calculated by the rate multiplied by the time. This gives us 𝑑 =
(0.80)(6) = 4.8 𝑘𝑚. Remember that this difference is equal to twice
the distance from the center to the vertex, 2a=4.8.
With 𝑎 = 2.4 and 𝑐 = 3, substituting in the formula 𝑏2 = 𝑐 2 − 𝑎2 gives
𝑏 = 1.8 𝑘𝑚.
𝑥2 𝑦2
b. The equation is − 𝑏2 = 1. Substitute the values of a and b in the
𝑎2
𝑥2 𝑦2
equation which gives − =1
5.76 3.24
c. The ship is located at point (x, 1.2) since it is 1.2 km from the
shore. Substitute the value of y=1.2 in the equation. This results to
𝑥2 (1.2)2
5.76
− 3.24 = 1. Since the signal from Station B was received first,
then the ship is closer to B than A which means it is on the left
branch of the hyperbola. As a result, x is approximately 2.88 km.
Conclusion: The ship is located at (2.88, 1.20) if is 1.20 km away from the
shore.
Explore
Activity 3: Let the Light Guide Me!
Directions: Solve the given problem using the table below on a sheet of
paper.
Graph
Unknown:
Solution:
Conclusion:
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Deepen
Problem:
A semielliptical tunnel
has a height 9 ft and a
width of 30 ft. Which
Truck A is 12 ft wide truck will be able to Truck B is 10 ft wide
and 8.3 ft high. pass through this and 8.3 ft high.
tunnel?
Given
Graph
Solution
Conclusion
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Activity 5: Text Twist!
Directions: Complete the statements below by arranging the jumbled letters
inside the parenthesis. Based your responses from Activity 4: Which Truck.
Write your answers on a separate sheet of paper.
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Gauge
Directions: Read carefully each item. Write only the letter of the correct
answer for each item. Use a separate sheet for your answers.
4. How far away from the center, horizontally, is the car when it is at an
altitude of 25 m?
A. 12 m B. 14 m C. 16 m D. 18 m
For numbers 6 and 7: A flashlight shaped like a paraboloid has its light
source at the focus located 1.25 cm from the base and is 12 cm wide at its
opening.
6. Which equation models the problem given the vertex is at the origin?
A. 𝑥 2 = 5𝑦 B. 𝑥 2 = 5.25𝑦 C. 𝑥 2 = 6𝑦 D. 𝑥 2 = 12𝑦
LU_Pre-Calculus_Module7
For numbers 9 and 10: A whispering gallery is in a shape of a semi-elliptical
arch. Two gentlemen are standing in this 30-ft high and 100 ft-wide gallery.
9. What is the equation of the ellipse?
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
A. + 900 = 1 B. + 800 = 1
1500 1500
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
C. + 900 = 1 D. + 800 = 1
2500 2000
10. How far from the center should the gentlemen stand if they would like to
whisper back and forth and hear each other?
A. 40 ft B. 45 ft C. 50 ft D. 55 ft
For numbers 11 and 12: The arch of a bridge is in the shape of a semi-
ellipse, with its major axis at the water level. It is 20 ft high in the middle
and 120 ft across its major axis.
11. What is the equation of the ellipse?
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
A. + =1 B. + =1
400 3600 3600 400
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
C. + 1000 = 1 D. + 200 = 1
3000 3600
12. How high above the water level is the arch, at a point 20 ft from the
center horizontally?
A. 16.75 ft B. 17.92 ft C. 18.86 ft D. 19.08 ft
For numbers 13 to 15: Two control towers are located at points M(-500,0)
and N(500,0), on a straight shore where the x-axis runs through (all
distances are in meters). At the same time, both towers sent a radio signal to
a ship out at sea, each traveling at 400 m/µs. The ship received the signal
from tower N 2 µs (microseconds) before the message from M.
13. Which equation gives the possible location of the ship?
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
A. − 90,000 = 1 B. − 75,000 = 1
160,000 125,000
𝑥2 𝑦2 𝑥2 𝑦2
C. − 80,000 = 1 D. − 25,000 = 1
100,000 60,000
14. Which is TRUE about the difference between the distances travelled by
the two signals?
A. It is equal to the distance between the foci.
B. It is half the distance between the vertices.
C. It is equal to the distance between the vertices.
D. It is half the distance between the co-vertices.
15. What are the coordinates of the ship if it is 200 m from the shore
(y=200)?
A. (357.18, 200) B. (430.76, 200)
C. (480.74, 200) D. (518.25, 200)
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References
Printed Materials:
Website:
Analytical Rubric for Math Problem Solving. Retrieved July 25, 2020 from
https://www.pinterest.ph/pin/332351647472784932/
T7-2 HW odds and evens3.pdf (nrcs.net). Retrieved August 13, 2021 from
https://www.nrcs.net/Downloads/T72%20HW%20odds%20and%20e
vens3.pdf
Geogebra Application
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Pretest:
1. B 2. C 3. C 4. C 5. A
6. A 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. A
11.C 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. A
Activity 1: Property Check!
Circle Parabola Ellipse Hyperbola
1. /
2. / / /
3. / / /
4. / /
5. / / /
6. /
7. /
8. /
9. /
10. /
Activity 2: How High is the Tunnel?
1. A 2. B 3. B 4. D 5. C
Activity 3: Let the Light Guide Me!
The light source should be placed 1.25 in from the vertex.
Activity 4: Which Truck?
Truck B will pass through the tunnel since y=8.48 which is greater
than its height 8.3 ft.
Activity 5: Text Twist!
1. width 2. major axis 3. covertex 4. origin 5. greater
Gauge:
2. B 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. B
12.A 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. A
11.B 12. C 13. A 14. C 15. C
Answer Key
For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:
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