DRUG STUDY

Name of Student:_____Aljean Altheo L. Artillo_________ Section and Group number:_BSN-3B GRP 1__________
Name of CI: _______Tita Senal RN, MN, PhD___________ Area of Exposure: _Bacolod City Menal Health Care Center

Dosage/ Nursing
Mechanism of
Name of Drug Frequency/ Indication Contraindication Adverse Effect Responsibilities
Action
Timing/Route
Generic Name: 2mg, 1 tab, BID Though its precise Schizophrenia in The following CNS:  Monitor and
Risperidone mechanism of action is adults and conditions are NEUROLEPTIC report signs of
not fully understood, adolescents age 13– contraindicated MALIGNANT neuroleptic
Brand name: current focus is on the 17 yr. Bipolar mania with this drug. SYNDROME, malignant
Risperdal ability of risperidone (oral only) in adults Check with your aggressive syndrome,
to inhibit the D2 and children 10–17 yr physician if you behavior, including
Classification: dopaminergic in adults and children have any of the dizziness, hyperthermia,
Atypical receptors and 5-HT2A 10–17 yr; can be following: extrapyramidal diaphoresis,
antipsychotics serotonergic receptors used with lithium or reactions, generalized
in the brain. valproate (adults  breast cancer headache, muscle rigidity,
Schizophrenia is only). Treatment of  diabetes increased dreams, altered mental
thought to result from irritability associated  a high prolactin increased sleep status,
an excess of with autistic disorder level duration, tachycardia,
dopaminergic D2 and in children age 5–16  excessive fat in insomnia, changes in
serotonergic 5-HT2A yr. the blood sedation, fatigue, blood pressure
activity, resulting in  dehydration impaired (BP), and
overactivity of central  overweight temperature incontinence.
mesolimbic pathways  very low levels regulation, Symptoms
and mesocortical of nervousness, typically occur
pathways, granulocytes, a tardive within 4–14
respectively. type of white dyskinesia. days after
blood cell initiation of
D2 dopaminergic  low levels of EENT: pharyngitis, drug therapy,
receptors are white blood rhinitis, visual but can occur
transiently inhibited cells disturbances. at any time
by risperidone,  low levels of a during drug
reducing dopaminergic type of white Resp: cough, use.
neurotransmission, blood cell dyspnea. CV:
therefore decreasing called arrhythmias,  Assess motor
positive symptoms of neutrophils orthostatic function, and
schizophrenia, such as  confusion hypotension, be alert for
delusions and tachycardia. GI: extrapyramidal
hallucinations. constipation, symptoms.
Risperidone binds diarrhea, dry Report these
transiently and with mouth, nausea, symptoms
loose affinity to the abdominal pain, immediately,
dopaminergic D2 anorexia, especially
receptor, with an ideal dyspepsia, tardive
receptor occupancy of increased dyskinesia,
60-70% for optimal salivation, because this
effect. Rapid vomiting, weight problem may
dissociation of gain, weight loss, be
risperidone from the polydipsia. irreversible.Co
D2 receptors mmon
contributes to GU: decreased extrapyramidal
decreased risk of libido, symptoms
extrapyramidal dysmenorrhea/m include:
symptoms (EPS), enorrhagia,
which occur with difficulty Tardive dyskinesia
permanent and high urinating, (uncontrolled
occupancy blockade of polyuria. Derm: rhythmic
D2 dopaminergic itching/skin rash, movement of
receptors. Low-affinity dry skin, mouth, face, and
binding and rapid increased extremities, lip
dissociation from the pigmentation, smacking or
D2 receptor increased puckering, puffing
distinguish risperidone sweating, of cheeks,
from the traditional photosensitivity, uncontrolled
antipsychotic drugs. A seborrhea. chewing, rapid or
higher occupancy rate worm-like
of D2 receptors is said Endo: movements of
to increase the risk of galactorrhea, tongue).
extrapyramidal hyperglycemia.
symptoms and is Pseudoparkinsonis
therefore to be MS: arthralgia, m (shuffling gait,
avoided. back pain. rigidity, tremor, pill-
rolling motion, loss
Increased serotonergic of balance control,
mesocortical activity in difficulty speaking
schizophrenia results or swallowing,
in negative symptoms, mask-like face).
such as depression
and decreased Akathisia
motivation. The high- (restlessness or
affinity binding of desire to keep
risperidone to 5-HT2A moving).
receptors leads to a
decrease in Other dystonias and
serotonergic activity. dyskinesias
In addition, 5-HT2A (dystonic muscle
receptor blockade spasms, twisting
results in decreased motions, twitching,
risk of extrapyramidal inability to move
symptoms, likely by eyes, weakness of
increasing dopamine arms or legs).
release from the
frontal cortex, and not  Assess heart
the nigrostriatal tract. rate, ECG, and
Dopamine level is heart sounds,
therefore not especially
completely inhibited. during exercise
Through the above (See
mechanisms, both Appendices G,
serotonergic and D2 H). Report a
blockade by rapid heart
risperidone are rate
thought to (tachycardia)
synergistically work to or signs of
decrease the risk of other
extrapyramidal arrhythmias,
symptoms. including
palpitations,
Risperidone has also chest
been said to be an discomfort,
antagonist of alpha-1 shortness of
(α1), alpha-2 (α2), and breath,
histamine (H1) fainting, and
receptors.13 Blockade fatigue/weakn
of these receptors is ess.
thought to improve
symptoms of  Assess BP
schizophrenia, when patient
however the exact assumes a
mechanism of action more upright
on these receptors is position (lying
not fully understood at to standing,
this time. sitting to
standing, lying
REFERENCE: to sitting).
https:// Document
go.drugbank.com/ orthostatic
drugs/DB00734 hypotension
and contact
physician when
systolic BP falls
>20 mm Hg or
diastolic BP
falls >10 mm
Hg.

 Report any
troublesome
respiratory
problems,
including
severe or
prolonged
cough,
nasopharyngea
l irritation, or
difficult/labore
d breathing.
  Be alert for
signs of
hyperglycemia,
including
confusion,
drowsiness,
flushed/dry
skin, fruit-like
breath odor,
rapid/deep
breathing,
polyuria, loss
of appetite,
and unusual
thirst. Patients
with diabetes
mellitus should
check blood
glucose levels

Generic Name: 1 tab, OD P.O Multivitamins are a Multivitamins are The following Constipation,  The nurse must
Multivitamins combination of used to provide conditions are diarrhea, or upset assess the
different vitamins vitamins that are not contraindicated stomach may patient for
Brand name: normally found in food taken in through the with this drug. occur. These signs and
Centrum sources. They are used diet. Multivitamins Check with your effects are usually symptoms of
to provide vitamins are also used to treat physician if you temporary and vitamin
Classification: that are not taken in vitamin deficiencies have any of the may disappear as deficiency
Iron Products, through your diet. (lack of vitamins) following: your body adjusts before
Vitamins, Basically, caused by illness, to this beginning
Combos multivitamins help pregnancy, poor Conditions: medication. If any vitamin
bridge some nutrient nutrition, digestive  Iron of these effects therapy
gaps so you can meet disorders, and many metabolism last or get worse, because
the recommended other conditions. disorder tell your doctor or vitamin
amount of nutrients. causing pharmacist therapy could
increased iron promptly. result in a toxic
storage. effect if the
 An overload of patient does
iron In the not have a
blood. vitamin
 a type of blood deficiency.
disorder where
the red blood  In addition, the
cells burst patient must
called be assessed for
hemolytic debilitating
anemia. diseases and GI
 An ulcer from disorders that
too much may disrupt
stomach acid. the absorption,
 A type of metabolism,
stomach and excretion
irritation called of vitamins
gastritis used to treat
 Ulcerative vitamin
colitis, an deficiency.
inflammatory
condition of
the intestines.
 Diverticular
disease
 Excess iron due
to repeat blood
transfusions
Generic Name:

Brand name:

Classification:

Generic Name:

Brand name:

Classification: