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y Umech huma

8UECO9

and st suctne
Mesphology deals Pov
Mathematfcal mobghaldgy in tool by ertaact
CMponents which usefal n sepesertrtiop
mag ch a boumhries
an d desesipton of seqion Shape
an d Conver hull
skeletons
Dtion
B s ebs Tn 2 , dilatfon ef Ab
athA and

dlenoted AB Fs defined

ADBz()A # #)
obtaiinq4 sefledtjon of
etion is base
The septection by amout2
ts o8Tgi and shifHing
a bout

isSetset of all dispkrema


of A by B hen
The lat Ton least 1 elemen
and oveslaps by
such usi ng
-
AOb z|U)n A7eA de
de dilat
in dilat
fo s stsucting
efet c e
O set 6 i s doinely convolutron Ma
considern
Stutusal elemevés Oe
whesea) coVvolutrovm
st openat fons
is boed on
altion
ps cess of fTffn B
baed
on AsTth met?c. Base
Basic
s sdes sat A
Saccesve ly Splan
ad O und
of pects al Conyollt a
thaloqo u
y.Umesh Kuma
SUECC

A AB

oth

A
deffnes
esosion

B
Fn he
Fsosiop Fos Sets AA
defined a
A B
b
A b - ) 2A -3
of lel
ointsz suh
points z su)
byBs
et of
set

of A
A
in A.
A
The exosion
Cont afhed
afned în
S Cont
+sanslated
hal

3/
A

AC
y.UmeshKuman

13UECO

9 eayy smoothes contto f


Open
nd
eliminatey he
ma
contetbs but
bu
Smooth section of cort&oAs
Tt ends to
clos Tng 9+ gehenatly som naseuD bseak
open ng
appOSed to
elmerts Small holes and f go
the qail s
and
to

Eoosion Dlation D:lotron Esan

openig. clo Sing

B A B (A OBOB
A oB=(AG8)
el is an abstsact mathemeica
abstoect mabeeco
A Colos mod
Colos Models Can be sepseserted
Sepseseted as
a
coloss
destsibfng
the 0y
model
Tumbens, tpically to thsee OX fou falue os

tuples of
components
colos colox model
Co mmon

Bie an
qMYK)
aseen
ite
Cyan c, 67 +B =uw-R
R+B= W-G
Mametite M
Wagndite yetla R+) UW-8
yellow Y
=

mest
Corm on colo models
Thee oe

RBCMY
1%UEOT

Rob colos
me de s ad fve color mod4
RaBcolet mode are
pimony coloss of ahd
sed,gseen e h e
n A a
seproduee a
sepsoduee
bsaad uy
bsaad uo
to
n Vaioa) onyS
togethen
added
T V rdeo
Ydeo
oF ce lass ase coles
dericos
RGB pP
rgpical
Cdedfals G
Geeen ( o A )

yelle(1, ,6)
Can

coitely 1,)
sedC1,0,0)
nagnefite additive
,b, 15
RGB

Red geen
G hite

Blue

omeexamples

(2s5,0,o) o) Red
Red
Gseen
fo, 255, o)
(o,o, 25t) Ble
( 2 s , [to, tta) ->|ght
blue
etc
RaP colo Moded
wosktng fo p n dple bekind

bc piintu rol
of micing
ditferest poptot
Blue Geen bqethen
Ked 4fesst o bes Red Gc
make oe
If ue
P
yK
ix

to moda
VTOdd
I f
Dlotc
RB
Tn io ct
intensity
sesubs

his
o
in (0,0 ) fke
mired

I (255,2S, 255)

uh fe
age hot tsansferable
DIsadvart
Comenoiy
Vlues
()RGB
w
unl fosm
device
b rot
penpekually
co less
of
t T d e r t 7 f i c a t o n

fos
Fos not nea
porfed
Not Colos
3) ffesence bo

u)he
metho d s based on
on
This
Homo moGphic
fHevng knoon
as hoonmosPhic

systems
systems
0f fo
to dppoad
poach

mbe
of
dals
d a
pplicatton
key
Pavtiulon
spedad thus sefl etancexe @Ma
sm
Syste ep
se r a d i o n of llarirakte

(uN) can cpeat


tsanfe fundtion

mo m o
phic
Ho o comfonccé

6 these
YUmesh Ruma
13UECO9

ent fox appeaname


Of an q
The mpoven

arge comp3esion coitrat


Simultaneou ntensify
bu expsessed as
an be
enhncement fmaqe f(x,y)
ilunination xeflatan ce
of
pOduct

(x) i(ky) «{xIy) opeate on


d7sectly to
be wsed
eun cannot
sftetace becat
eftetance becans
is ilumnatiYon
lmnatYon
of
components
iS
S nat Psodud
psodudt of
o
fseqn ot Psodut
tsansfosm
Fo wuen

tsans fosns

In f(x,y)
deffne 2(xy)
fwe
lo(1x) + In( slr,J)

TIn nso
Z u ) F i(u,v)+ Fs(u,v)
In ftx,y)
hene Fr (u,v) F T o f
F.T of In s19)
Fru)
a filte trnsb
Can frlte Z(u,v) using
oe

funcd on ftu,v)so
that

Hu,u) 2/4, v
Suv)
H{u,v)g(n)
u, F:(u,) +
Fhened tiaqe
)T Sa,v)
1

H4N, Fi(4
H(u,v) slu
Ca wxfe
S 1/xiy)* Y{k1y)
takrg
Tahwal
atua

a fogmed by
because z(y) by tTakg
areng
Fivally SeyeS
seveSee
psOCess
psocess by
e
logasithm
of /
i/p
sesult to fosm o/p
fo fosm
image
C/p tmage
of f Heed
xponert al
sl9)
3,9)e
(x

io(x)K )

DF T PHlu,) exp
s,9) n
Y Unes h Muna
1SUECO

ned, Leaht Suanes frlHering


onst
Tn vedosi mdks7r f0%s
fom
equation
he
Hf+"
S MN we
fom frst Nelematl-
Fos ex if 9) size
df 1(xy\
ofvetes q b ing
usin mage elements sn S T e
fmage
Nelements fom 2d Souw
nert

Psoblem s sedutd
Bestosahon
The t ension ati tq
matsix manipulatf on
to smple
mUt be constsal ne by pomamters
The sestos at+on
aha degyed to ffnd
of psoblems at hand- thus
acditesion function
minuum
functfon is defYned as
csiteston
M- N-
to

Consts nt
estiMate st
ns
s fucli dean un dehos acdy ine
whene lall a a
ttis ti mi zton poblen
soution to
s e a Domal
ex pres sion

ofven by the
H (u,v
fu)- Glu)
that corstoairt safisfed
ohese = poameta

FOouen 7scnst o f u n t i on
P/uN)
y.mPuna)
,UECC1

a Lapladon hennd
nnel

PunctioV
seon
ze s a e Size
PM)H(uN) nust e
rut ebe
Functfon
this mean p (x)
MON
Size
IfH s of 6f
Of 2ea¬)
2ese)
MX N y
centse of N
PXy)
embeded
fopsesove
even yntsy.
in ovdey
be even
mut
weinen
OVen
wheseas value of
Advartaq scalan
tsue satio
Toatio
nation
Scala) apfoori
Othe Ts
S function of sie
Cuei'ne T Hon domon
K unbnoun fsee accwneite xu
oF
selecting manually
yields
So Leobt
Leabt
Saual
Saua Ftesn
filfesn
in
sedudion
s ete 0 Companed to
caseS
No1se m e d i u n j s e

frgh and

fob fos. lowndise, cal


ueine
frlterü ng cud ge sults
e n e r a t e e s M be knaun
be knawn

they
boh
noise
and
and pnage m
mage
Spetsa Bf
poop pouen
Poue
a CLSF ony aegaseg
whese
tsenen fIterüng
in
of noise,
Vauan ce
metn
.U Vin.
TUEC4|

Flfns
O s den statTsttes spatTal frlfers
whose sesponse fc
Une
Fhese the pixels contalne
oyderfn akina)
bas ed on
encomasse by ff Itey
an mage of sankel
peRcentle

Sepesents 50 h
medianfrlfey

set fF nuM Dern5


fxr medan 3S,t)

, t ) E Sxy seduction apacbilites

p s o v id e ekeellertnse

oith
oonsSderably
nsdenablq
hese random
noise
yoise
same
fy pes of
of
centadn
smooth q
fit
fos fhan
f no
bluvfn impulse
împulbe note
noke
ess
pantiauda
effective m
they oe
Si ze
noi
n d ise.
se.
salt peppen
os
Max min filte
Max filfe
) marl9s,b)
3EESxy bsg htest Pit
lten s useful in find the
This
have Ve?u

It reduces Peppe
nof se as theetheo

bsightest poln
intensity
hig hlights
lo
ank
a nk s chosen
100
penecet le
U e flima)
18OF Cc

fl e m'n (r11
he opecent ? e

t) Sy s dn okae a
cdankest pofnts
ften fnds
as a sEsult of min o p t
aS
eddces Sat no fse

yid Pofnt ff ltes


midpoin
fltersimply CoMpltes th
The
in Valuey ea encomp
m dpotnt b/ud
by Frtex ) ma Cals t}îo19(s,A){|
(Se Sxy
two type of filt ons
base d n linearity
7hese. ne
SPatial filtens
n em
Spatrol
2) Non nen
of moothinq Frlten
Jype Aveqogin9
)Mean Ftey per ghta average
den statistic frlte min
-M
medaq)
b y pes of shanpeninc t e
s s t sdez derivatro
devYvate
) 2nd 0xde

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