Experimental Report 6

DETERMINATION OF SOUND WAVELENGTH AND VELOCITY USING

STANDING WAVE PHENOMENON
Verification of instructors
Name: Nguyễn Nam Hải
ID: 20213610
Class: CTTT – Kỹ thuật điện tử viễn thông (ET-E4)
Group: 2

I. EXPERIMENT RESULTS
1. Measurement results corresponding to 3 frequencies:
a. For f1=500±1Hz:
f1=500Hz
Trial
L1 (mm) L2 (mm) d1= L2 - L1 (mm)
1 164 515 351
2 163 513 350
3 162 511 349
4 164 510 346
5 161 509 348
5

∑τi
d 1= i=1 =348.8 ( mm )=348.8 ×10−3 (m)
5

√∑
5
s . d .= ¿ ¿ ¿¿
i=1

b. For f2=600±1Hz:
f2=600Hz
Trial
L’1 (mm) L’2 (mm) d2= L’2 – L’1 (mm)
1 136 428 292
2 137 429 292
3 138 429 291
4 135 427 292
5 137 426 289
 5

∑ τi
d 2= i=1 =291.2 ( mm ) =291.2× 10−3 (m)
5

√
5
s . d .= ∑ ¿ ¿ ¿¿
i=1

c. For f3=700±1Hz:
f3=700Hz
Trial
L’’1 (mm) L’’2 (mm) d3= L’’2 – L’’1 (mm)
1 109 359 250
2 111 361 250
3 108 358 250
4 110 359 249
5 108 359 251
5

∑ τi
i=1 −3
d 3= =250 ( mm )=250 ×10 (m)
5

√
5
s . d .= ∑ ¿ ¿ ¿¿
i=1

II. DATA PROCESSING

1. Determination of average value and absolute error of wavelength:

a. For f1=500±1Hz:
−3 −3
❑1=2. d 1=2 ×348.8 ×10 =697.6 ×10 ( m)

Δ ❑1=√ (Δd 1)2=√(0.77)2 =0.77 ( mm ) ≅ 0.8 ×10−3 (m)

Hence:
❑1=( 697.6± 0.8) ×10−3 ( m)

b. For f2=600±1Hz:
−3 −3
❑2=2. d 2=2 ×291.2 ×10 =582.4 ×10 ( m)

Δ ❑2=√( Δd 2) =√( 0.52) =0.52(mm)≅ 0.5× 10 (m)

2 2 −3

Hence:
−3
❑2=(582.4 ±0.5) ×10 ( m)

c. For f3=700±1Hz:
❑3=2. d 3=2 ×250 ×10−3=500 ×10−3( m)

Δ ❑3=√ (Δd 3)2= √(0.28)2=0.28(m m)≅ 0.3 ×10−3 (m)

Hence:
−3
❑3=(500.0± 0.3)× 10 (m)

2. Determination of average value and absolute error of sound velocity:

a. For f1=500±1Hz:
−3
v1 =❑1 . f 1=697.6 ×10 ×500=348.8(m/ s)

√( )( )
∆❑1 2 ∆ f 1 2
√( )( )
2 2
0.8 1
∆ v 1=v 1 . + =348.8 × + =0.8(m/s)
❑1 f1 697.6 500

Hence:
v1 =348.8± 0.8( m/s)

b. For f2=600±1Hz:
−3
v 2=❑2 . f 2=582.4 ×10 × 600=349.4 (m/s )

√( )( ) √(
2 2

) ( )
∆❑2 ∆f2 0.5 2 1 2
∆ v 2=v 2 . + =349.4 × + =0.7 (m/s)
❑2 f2 582.4 600

Hence:
v 2=349.4 ± 0.7(m/s )

b. For f3=700±1Hz:
−3
v 3=❑3 . f 3=500 ×10 × 700=350(m/s)

√( )( ) √(
2 2

)( )
∆❑3 ∆f3 0.3
2
1
2
∆ v 3=v 3 . + =350× + =0.5(m/ s )
❑3 f3 500 700

Hence:
v3 =350.0 ±0.5 (m/s)

3. Theoretical velocity of sound wave and experimental values:

- Theoretically, the velocity of sound wave at a temperature T can be calculated

as follows:
v=v 0 . √1+ αT
- Where v 0 = 332 m/s is the speed of sound at temperature of 0oC, and α = 1/
273 degree−1.

- At room temperature T= 29o C:

v¿ 332× √ 1+
1
273
×29 ≅ 349.2 (m/s)

- After comparing our experimental values to theoretical value, we can see that,
they are approximately to each other. In conclusion, the values obtained by
experiment are allowable.