LESSON NOTES

Extensive Reading in Persian for

Intermediate Learners #29
Parrots

CONTENTS

Dialogue - Persian
Main
Romanization
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# 29
PERSIANPOD101.COM EXTENSIVE READING IN PERSIAN FOR INTERMEDIATE LEARNERS #29 1
‫‪DIALOGUE - PERSIAN‬‬
‫‪MAIN‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪1.‬‬

‫ﭘﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺧﺎص‬ ‫‪2.‬‬

‫آﯾﺎ ﺗﺎ ﮐﻨﻮن در ﯾﮏ ﻓﺮوﺷﮕﺎه ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ ﯾﺎ ﺑﺎغ وﺣﺶ ﯾﮏ ﻃﻮﻃﯽ را دﯾﺪهاﯾﺪ؟‬ ‫‪3.‬‬

‫ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﺷﻤﺎ دوﺳﺘﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﯿﺪ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ ﻃﻮﻃﯽ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ داﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪4.‬‬

‫ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﯾﮏ ﻃﻮﻃﯽ را دﯾﺪه ﺑﺎﺷﯿﺪ ﮐﻪ داﻧﻪ ﻣﯽﺧﻮرد ﯾﺎ ﺳﺮوﺻﺪا ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﯾﺎ ﺣﺘﯽ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪5.‬‬

‫ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﻤﯽ از ﭘﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ زﺑﺎن اﻧﺴﺎن را ﺑﻪ ﮐﺎر ﺑﺒﺮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬و ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎر را ﺑﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮﯾﻦ ﺷﮑﻞ اﻧﺠﺎم ﻣﯽدﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪6.‬‬

‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ درﺧﺸﺎن و رﻧﮕﺎرﻧﮓ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪7.‬‬

‫ﺑﻘﯿﻪ ﺳﻔﯿﺪ ﯾﺎ ﺧﺎﮐﺴﺘﺮی ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪8.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ در ﮐﻮﻫﺴﺘﺎنﻫﺎی ﺳﺮد ﯾﺎ ﺟﻨﮕﻞﻫﺎی ﺑﺎراﻧﯽ ﮔﺮم زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪9.‬‬

‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺑﺰرﮔﯽ ﯾﮏ ﮔﺮﺑﻪ ﯾﺎ ﮐﻮﭼﮑﯽ ﯾﮏ ﻫﻤﺴﺘﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪10.‬‬

‫ﭼﯿﺰﻫﺎی زﯾﺎدی ﺑﺮای ﮐﺸﻒ ﮐﺮدن در ﻣﻮرد ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ وﺟﻮد دارد‪.‬‬ ‫‪11.‬‬

‫اﻧﻮاع ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪12.‬‬

‫ﺑﯿﺶ از ‪ ۳۵۰‬ﻧﻮع ﻃﻮﻃﯽ وﺟﻮد دارد‪.‬‬ ‫‪13.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺗﺮﮐﯿﺒﯽ از رﻧﮓﻫﺎی ﻓﺮاوان دارﻧﺪ‪ ،‬در ﺣﺎﻟﯿﮑﻪ ﺳﺎﯾﺮﯾﻦ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﯾﮏ رﻧﮓ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪14.‬‬

‫ﻣﺘﺪاول ﺗﺮﯾﻦ رﻧﮓﻫﺎ ﺳﺒﺰ‪ ،‬آﺑﯽ‪ ،‬ﻗﺮﻣﺰ و زرد ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪15.‬‬

‫اﻧﻮاع ﮐﻤﯽ از ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ رﻧﮓﻫﺎی درﺧﺸﺎﻧﯽ ﻧﺪارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪16.‬‬

‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﭘﺮﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﺎﮐﺴﺘﺮی‪ ،‬ﺳﻔﯿﺪ‪ ،‬ﯾﺎ ﺳﯿﺎه دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪17.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻟﮑﻪﻫﺎﯾﯽ از رﻧﮓﻫﺎی درﺧﺸﺎن دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪18.‬‬

‫ﺑﺪن ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪19.‬‬

‫ﺗﻤﺎم ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﯿﻢ و ﻋﻤﻮد‪ ،‬ﺑﺮ روی دو ﭘﺎی ﻗﻮی ﻣﯽاﯾﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪20.‬‬

‫ﭘﺎﻫﺎی آﻧﻬﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر اﻧﮕﺸﺖ ﺑﺎ ﭘﻨﺠﻪﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﺑﺮای ﺑﺎﻻ رﻓﺘﻦ و ﻧﮕﻪ داﺷﺘﻦ دارد‪.‬‬ ‫‪21.‬‬

‫دو ﻧﮕﺸﺖ رو ﺑﻪ ﺟﻠﻮ‪ ،‬و دو اﻧﮕﺸﺖ رو ﺑﻪ ﻋﻘﺐ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪22.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﻧﻮکﻫﺎﯾﯽ ﻗﻮی و ﺗﯿﺰ دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪23.‬‬

‫ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﺑﺎﻻﯾﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺑﺰرگ و ﺧﻤﯿﺪه اﺳﺖ ﺑﺮ روی ﻗﺴﻤﺖ ﭘﺎﯾﯿﻨﯽ ﮐﻪ ﮐﻮﺗﺎهﺗﺮ اﺳﺖ ﺣﻠﻘﻪ ﻣﯽزﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪24.‬‬

‫اﯾﻦ ﺷﮑﻞ از ﻧﻮک ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ اﺟﺎزه ﻣﯽدﻫﺪ ﺗﺎ داﻧﻪﻫﺎی ﺳﺨﺖ و ﻣﯿﻮهﻫﺎی ﻣﻐﺰ دار را ﺑﺸﮑﻨﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎز ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪25.‬‬

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 ‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از ﻧﻮک ﺧﻮد ﺑﺮای ﺗﻤﯿﺰ ﮐﺮدن ﭘﺮﻫﺎﯾﺸﺎن و ﻧﮕﻪ داﺷﺘﻦ اﺷﯿﺎء اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪26.‬‬

‫زﺑﺎن ﺑﺰرگ و ﻗﻮیﺷﺎن ﺑﺮای ﺟﺪا ﮐﺮدن ﭘﻮﺳﺖ ﻣﯿﻮهﻫﺎی ﻣﻐﺰدار و داﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﮐﺎرآﻣﺪ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪27.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﺑﺮای اﯾﻤﻦ ﻣﺎﻧﺪن ﺑﻪ ﺑﯿﻨﺎﯾﯽ ﺧﻮد ﺑﯿﺶ از ﺣﻮاس دﯾﮕﺮﺷﺎن واﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪28.‬‬

‫ﭼﺸﻤﺎن آﻧﻬﺎ در دو ﻃﺮف ﺳﺮ ﺑﺰرﮔﺸﺎن ﻗﺮار دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪29.‬‬

‫در ﻧﺘﯿﺠﻪ‪ ،‬آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﻘﺮﯾﺒﺎ ً در ﻫﺮ ﺟﻬﺘﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺑﯽ ﺑﺒﯿﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪30.‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ اﯾﻦ ﺣﺎل‪ ،‬ﭼﺸﻤﺎن آﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﻤﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﺣﺮﮐﺖ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪31.‬‬

‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺮای ﺑﻬﺘﺮ دﯾﺪن ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺳﺮﺧﻮد را ﺑﭽﺮﺧﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪32.‬‬

‫ﮐﺎﮐﺎﺗﻮﻫﺎ و ﮐﺎﮐﺎﺗﯿﻞﻫﺎ ﮐﺎﮐﻞ—ﭘﺮﻫﺎی ﻓﺎﻧﺘﺰی در ﺑﺎﻻی ﺳﺮﺷﺎن دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪33.‬‬

‫آﻧﻬﺎ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﻫﺎ را ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ و ﻣﯽﺧﻮاﺑﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺷﮑﺎرﭼﯿﺎن را ﺑﺘﺮﺳﺎﻧﻨﺪ و ﻓﺮاری دﻫﻨﺪ و ﺑﺎ ﺳﺎﯾﺮ ﭘﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎن ارﺗﺒﺎط ﺑﺮﻗﺮار ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪34.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی ﻓﻦ ﻗﺮﻣﺰ ﭘﺮﻫﺎی ﮔﺮدن رﻧﮕﺎرﻧﮕﯽ دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪35.‬‬

‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﻫﺎ را ﺑﻠﻨﺪ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﮑﻞ ﯾﮏ ﺑﺎدﺑﺰن در ﺑﯿﺎﯾﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪36.‬‬

‫اﯾﻦ ﺷﮑﻞ ﺑﺎدﺑﺰن ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺎﻋﺚ ﻣﯽﺷﻮد اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﺰرﮔﺘﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﺮﺳﻨﺪ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﮐﻤﮏ ﮐﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺷﮑﺎرﭼﯿﺎن‬ ‫‪37.‬‬
‫دور ﺑﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی وﺣﺸﯽ‬ ‫‪38.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی وﺣﺸﯽ در ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﻣﻨﺎﻃﻖ ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻒ دﻧﯿﺎ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪39.‬‬

‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ در ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎﯾﯽ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ آب و ﻫﻮای ﮔﺮم دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪40.‬‬

‫آﻣﺮﯾﮑﺎی ﻣﺮﮐﺰی و ﺟﻨﻮﺑﯽ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی وﺣﺸﯽ اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪41.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ در اﺳﺘﺮاﻟﯿﺎ‪ ،‬آﻓﺮﯾﻘﺎ‪ ،‬آﺳﯿﺎ‪ ،‬و ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎﯾﯽ از ﻣﮑﺰﯾﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪42.‬‬

‫ﺗﻌﺪاد ﮐﻤﯽ از ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ در آب و ﻫﻮای ﺳﺮد زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪43.‬‬

‫ﮐﯿﺎ در ﻧﯿﻮزﯾﻠﻨﺪ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪44.‬‬

‫اﯾﻦ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻃﻮﻃﯽ ای اﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ در ﺑﺎﻻی ﮐﻮﻫﺴﺘﺎن زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪45.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽ ﻣﻨﻘﺎر ﭘﻬﻦ و ﻃﻮﻃﯽ ﭘﯿﺸﺎﻧﯽ ﺧﺮﻣﺎﯾﯽ در ﺟﻨﮕﻞﻫﺎی ﺧﻨﮏ ﻣﮑﺰﯾﮏ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪46.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی وﺣﺸﯽ اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ از ﻏﺬاﻫﺎ را ﻣﯽﺧﻮرﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪47.‬‬

‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ اﻧﻮاع ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﻏﺬاﻫﺎی ﮔﯿﺎﻫﯽ را ﻣﯽﺧﻮرﻧﺪ‪ ،‬از ﺟﻤﻠﻪ داﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﯿﻮهﻫﺎی ﻣﻐﺰدار‪ ،‬ﻣﯿﻮه‪ ،‬ﮔﻞ‪ ،‬ﺟﻮاﻧﻪ و ﺑﺮگ‪.‬‬ ‫‪48.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﻫﺮ از ﭼﻨﺪ ﮔﺎﻫﯽ ﺣﺸﺮه و ﺣﻠﺰون ﻣﯽﺧﻮرﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪49.‬‬

‫ﻟﻮرﯾﮑﯿﺖﻫﺎ از ﮔﺮده‪ ،‬ﭘﻮدری ﻏﺒﺎر ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﮔﯿﺎﻫﺎن ﮐﻤﮏ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ ﺗﺎ داﻧﻪ ﺑﺴﺎزﻧﺪ ﺗﻐﺬﯾﻪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪50.‬‬

‫ﻟﻮرﯾﮑﯿﺖﻫﺎ ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺷﻬﺪ—ﺷﯿﺮه ﮔﻞﻫﺎ را ﻣﯽﻧﻮﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪51.‬‬

‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎ در ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ دﻧﯿﺎ ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎﯾﯽ دارﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻪ آﻧﺠﺎ ﻧﯿﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪52.‬‬

‫اﯾﻦ ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽای ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻓﺮار ﮐﺮده و وﺣﺸﯽ ﺷﺪهاﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪53.‬‬

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 ‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی ﻓﺮار ﮐﺮده ﺑﺮای ﺳﺎﻟﻬﺎی ﺑﺴﯿﺎری ﺗﻮﻟﯿﺪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﮐﺮدهاﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪54.‬‬

‫ﺑﺎ ﮔﺬﺷﺖ زﻣﺎن‪ ،‬ﯾﮏ ﮔﺮوه ﮐﻮﭼﮏ از ﭘﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ ﯾﮏ دﺳﺘ ٔ ﺑﺰرگ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪55.‬‬

‫ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎی ﻃﻮﻃﯽ‬ ‫‪56.‬‬

‫ﺑﯿﺸﺘﺮ اﻧﻮاع ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ از ﺳﻮراخﻫﺎی درﺧﺖ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﻻﻧﻪ اﺳﺘﻔﺎده ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪57.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻻ ً در ﻫﺮ ﻧﻮﺑﺖ ﺑﯿﻦ دو ﺗﺎ ﻫﺸﺖ ﺗﺨﻢ ﻣﯽﮔﺬارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪58.‬‬

‫واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﺑﺖ ﺗﺨﻢﻫﺎ را ﮔﺮم ﻧﮕﻪ ﻣﯽدارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪59.‬‬

‫ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮع ﻃﻮﻃﯽ ﺑﻌﺪ از ﻫﺠﺪه ﺗﺎ ﺳﯽ روز از ﺗﺨﻢ ﺑﯿﺮون ﻣﯿﺎﯾﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪60.‬‬

‫واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﺑﺎ ﻫﻢ از ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪61.‬‬

‫ﻣﺎده در ﻃﯽ ﻣﺎه اول زﻧﺪﮔﯽﺷﺎن ﺑﺎ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽﻣﺎﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪62.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽ ﻧﺮ ﺑﺮای ﻣﺎده ﻏﺬا ﻣﯿﺎورد‪.‬‬ ‫‪63.‬‬

‫او ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ از ﻣﺎده و ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎ در ﻣﻘﺎﺑﻞ ﺷﮑﺎرﭼﯿﺎن ﻣﺤﺎﻓﻈﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪64.‬‬

‫ﺑﻪ زودی ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎ ﺑﺮای ﻻﻧﻪ ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺰرگ ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪65.‬‬

‫ﺑﻌﺪ ﻫﺮ دوی واﻟﺪﯾﻦ ﺧﺎرج از ﻻﻧﻪ از ﺟﻮﺟﻪﻫﺎ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪66.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی ﺟﻮان ﺑﻌﺪ از ﺣﺪود ﺳﻪ ﻫﻔﺘﻪ ﺷﺮوع ﺑﻪ درآوردن ﭘﺮﻫﺎی ﺑﺰرﮔﺴﺎﻟﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪67.‬‬

‫ﻗﺒﻞ از آﻧﮑﻪ ﺑﺘﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺮواز ﮐﻨﻨﺪ ﭘﺮﻫﺎی ﺑﺎل آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﺎﯾﺪ ﺑﻠﻨﺪ و ﻗﻮی ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪68.‬‬

‫ﭘﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﺎﻫﻮش‬ ‫‪69.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺑﺴﯿﺎر ﺑﺎﻫﻮﺷﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪70.‬‬

‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺎزلﻫﺎ را ﺣﻞ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ و اﺷﯿﺎء را از ﯾﮏ ﮔﺮوه ﺟﺪا ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪71.‬‬

‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﮐﺎرﻫﺎﯾﯽ را اﻧﺠﺎم دﻫﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﯾﮏ ﮐﻮدک ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﻗﺎدر ﺑﻪ اﻧﺠﺎﻣﺸﺎن اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪72.‬‬

‫ﻣﯿﻤﻮنﻫﺎی ﺑﺰرگ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎﺗﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻐﯿﺮ از اﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ اﯾﻦ ﮐﺎرﻫﺎ را اﻧﺠﺎم دﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪73.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﮐﻼم اﻧﺴﺎنﻫﺎ را ﯾﺎد ﺑﮕﯿﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪74.‬‬

‫ﯾﮏ ﮐﺎﺳﮑﻮی ﻣﻌﺮوف ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎم اﻟﮑﺲ ﺑﯿﺶ از ﯾﮑﺼﺪ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ را ﻣﯽﻓﻬﻤﯿﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪75.‬‬

‫او ﺑﺎ اﻓﺮادی ﮐﻪ روی او ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﮐﺮدﻧﺪ ﺻﺤﺒﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﺮد‪.‬‬ ‫‪76.‬‬

‫اﻟﮑﺲ ﺳﻮاﻻت ﺳﺎده ﻣﯽﭘﺮﺳﯿﺪ و از ﭘﺎﺳﺦﻫﺎ ﭼﯿﺰﻫﺎی ﺗﺎزه ﯾﺎد ﻣﯽﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪77.‬‬

‫او رﻧﮓ ﺧﺎﮐﺴﺘﺮی را ﺑﺎ ﻧﮕﺎه ﮐﺮدن ﺑﻪ آﯾﻨﻪ و ﭘﺮﺳﯿﺪن اﯾﻨﮑﻪ او ﭼﻪ رﻧﮕﯽ اﺳﺖ ﯾﺎد ﮔﺮﻓﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪78.‬‬

‫در ﻧﺰدﯾﮑﯽ ﭘﺎﯾﺎن زﻧﺪﮔﯽ اﻟﮑﺲ‪ ،‬او در ﺣﺎل ﯾﺎدﮔﯿﺮی ﺧﻮاﻧﺪن ﺻﺪای ﺣﺮوف ﺑﻮد‪.‬‬ ‫‪79.‬‬

‫او ﻣﯽﻓﻬﻤﯿﺪ ﺻﺪاﻫﺎ ﮐﻠﻤﺎت را درﺳﺖ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬و ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﺴﺖ ﺗﺎ ﺷﺶ ﺑﺸﻤﺎرد‪.‬‬ ‫‪80.‬‬

‫ﺻﺎﺣﺐ اﻟﮑﺲ‪ ،‬دﮐﺘﺮ اﯾﺮن ﭘﭙﺮﺑﺮگ‪ ،‬ﻓﮑﺮ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ او ﺑﻪ ﺑﺎﻫﻮﺷﯽ ﯾﮏ ﮐﻮدک ﺳﻪ ﯾﺎ ﭼﻬﺎر ﺳﺎﻟﻪ ﺑﻮده اﺳﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪81.‬‬

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 ‫او ﺗﺎ اﻣﺮوز ﻫﻤﭽﻨﺎن ﺑﺮ روی ﮐﺎﺳﮑﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﻪ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪82.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫‪83.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ ﭘﺮﻃﺮﻓﺪاری ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪84.‬‬

‫ﻣﺎﮐﺎﺋﻮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﮐﺎﮐﺎﺗﻮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺮغ ﻋﺸﻖﻫﺎ و ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی ﺑﺮزﯾﻠﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺘﺪاوﻟﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻌﻨﻮان ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ‬ ‫‪85.‬‬
‫ﻧﮕﻬﺪاری ﻣﯽﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﭘﺮﺳﺮوﺻﺪا و ﻧﺎﻣﺮﺗﺐ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬اﻣﺎ ﺑﺴﯿﺎری اﻓﺮاد در ﻫﺮ ﺻﻮرت از ﻧﮕﻬﺪاری آﻧﻬﺎ ﻟﺬت ﻣﯽﺑﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪86.‬‬

‫ﯾﺎدﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺗﻤﺎم ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺮﺑﻮط ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﻗﺒﻞ از ﺷﺮﯾﮏ ﺷﺪن ﺧﺎﻧﻪای ﺑﺎ ﯾﮑﯽ از آﻧﻬﺎ دارای اﻫﻤﯿﺖ ﻣﯽﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪87.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﻋﺸﻖ و ﺗﻮﺟﻪ زﯾﺎدی ﻧﯿﺎز دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪88.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ ﺗﺎ ﯾﮑﺼﺪ ﺳﺎل زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﻣﯽﮐﻨﻨﺪ!‬ ‫‪89.‬‬

‫آﻧﻬﺎ ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﺑﺮای ﺗﻤﺎم ﻃﻮل زﻧﺪﮔﯿﺸﺎن ﻣﯽﺧﻮاﻫﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪90.‬‬

‫ﺣﺘﯽ اﻧﻮاع ﮐﻮﭼﮑﺘﺮ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﻨﺪ ﺑﺮای ﭘﺎﻧﺰده ﯾﺎ ﺑﯿﺴﺖ ﺳﺎل زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﮐﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪91.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ اﺳﺒﺎب ﺑﺎزی و زﻣﺎن ﺑﺎزی زﯾﺎدی ﻧﯿﺎز دارﻧﺪ ﺗﺎ ﺷﺎد ﺑﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪ و ذﻫﻦ ﺧﻮد را ﻫﻮﺷﯿﺎر ﻧﮕﻪ دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪92.‬‬

‫ﻏﺬا دادن ﺑﻪ ﯾﮏ ﻃﻮﻃﯽ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺳﺎدﮔﯽ آب و داﻧﻪ دادن ﺑﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪93.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی وﺣﺸﯽ اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ از ﻏﺬاﻫﺎ را ﻣﯽﺧﻮرﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪94.‬‬

‫ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ ﻧﯿﺰ ﺑﻪ اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﯽ از ﻏﺬاﻫﺎ ﻧﯿﺎز دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪95.‬‬

‫ﺳﻼﻣﺖ ﻧﮕﻬﺪاﺷﺘﻦ ﯾﮏ ﻃﻮﻃﯽ ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ ﻫﻤﯿﺸﻪ ﺳﺎده ﻧﯿﺴﺖ‪.‬‬ ‫‪96.‬‬

‫ﭘﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺧﯿﻠﯽ ﺑﺎ ﺳﮓﻫﺎ و ﮔﺮﺑﻪﻫﺎ ﺗﻔﺎوت دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪97.‬‬

‫ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺎن ﻻزم اﺳﺖ در ﻣﻮرد اﻧﻮاع ﻣﺨﺼﻮص ﻣﺮاﻗﺒﺘﯽ ﮐﻪ آﻧﻬﺎ ﻧﯿﺎز دارﻧﺪ ﯾﺎد ﺑﮕﯿﺮﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪98.‬‬

‫دﯾﺪن ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ‬ ‫‪99.‬‬

‫ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﻤﮑﻦ اﺳﺖ آﻧﻘﺪر ﺧﻮش ﺷﺎﻧﺲ ﺑﺎﺷﯿﺪ ﮐﻪ در ﻣﻨﻄﻘﻪای دارای ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی وﺣﺸﯽ زﻧﺪﮔﯽ ﮐﻨﯿﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪100.‬‬

‫ﺑﺴﯿﺎری از ﻓﺮوﺷﮕﺎهﻫﺎی ﺣﯿﻮاﻧﺎت ﺧﺎﻧﮕﯽ و ﻫﻤﭽﻨﯿﻦ ﺑﺮﺧﯽ از ﺑﺎغ وﺣﺶﻫﺎ ﻃﻮﻃﯽ دارﻧﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪101.‬‬

‫ﺑﺮﺧﯽ ﻣﮑﺎنﻫﺎ ﻧﻤﺎﯾﺸﮕﺎهﻫﺎﯾﯽ دارﻧﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻣﯽﺗﻮاﻧﯿﺪ در آﻧﻬﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻟﻮرﯾﮑﯿﺖﻫﺎ ﻏﺬا ﺑﺪﻫﯿﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪102.‬‬

‫در اﯾﻨﺘﺮﻧﺖ وﯾﺪﺋﻮﻫﺎی زﯾﺎدی در ﻣﻮرد ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎی وﺣﺸﯽ در ﺳﺮاﺳﺮ ﺟﻬﺎن وﺟﻮد دارد‪.‬‬ ‫‪103.‬‬

‫ﻫﺮﺟﺎ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻃﻮﻃﯽﻫﺎ را ﻣﯽﺑﯿﻨﯿﺪ‪ ،‬اﯾﻦ ﭘﺮﻧﺪﮔﺎن ﺑﺎﻫﻮش و زﯾﺒﺎ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺷﮕﻔﺘﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫‪104.‬‬

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ROMANIZATION

1. tooti-haa

2. parandegaan-e khaas

3. aayaa taa konoon dar yek forooshgaah-e heyvaanaat-e khaanegi yaa baagh-e vahsh yek tooti raa
dide-'id?

4. momken ask shomaa doosti daashte baashid ke yek tooti-ye khaanegi daashte baashad.

5. shomaa momken ast yek tooti raa dide baashid ke daane mikhorad yaa sar-o sedaa mikonad, yaa
hattaa sohbat mikonad.

6. tanhaa te'daad-e kami az parandegaan mitavaanand zabaan-e ensaan raa bekaar bebarand, va
tooti-haa in kaar raa be behtarin shekl anjaam midahand.

7. besyaari az tooti-haa derakhshaan va rangaarang hastand.

8. baqye sefid yaa khaakestari hastand.

9. tooti-haa mitavaanand dar koohestaan-haa-ye sard yaa jangal-haa-ye baaraani-ye garm zendegi
konand.

10. aanhaa mitavaanand be bozorgi-ye yek gorbe yaa koochaki-ye yek hamester baashand.

11. chiz-haa-ye ziaadi baraaye kashf kardan dar mored-e tooti-haa vojood daarad.

12. anvaa'e besyaari az tooti-haa

13. bish az sisad-o panjaah no' tooti vojood daarad.

14. barkhi tarkibi az rang-haa-ye faraavaan daarand, darhaalike saayerin bishtar yek-rang hastand.

15. motedaavel-tarin rang-haa sabz, aabi, qermez va zard hastand.

16. anvaa'e kami az tooti-haa rang-haa-ye derakhshaani nadaarand.

17. aanhaa par-haa-yi khaakestari, sefid, yaa siaah daarand.

18. barkhi tanhaa lakke-haa-yi az rang-haa-ye derakhshaan daarand.

19. badan-e tooti-haa

20. tamaam-e tooti-haa mostaqim va amood, bar rooye do paa-ye qavi mi'istand.

21. paa-haa-ye aanhaa chaahaar angosht baa panje-haa-yi baraaye baalaaraftan va negah-daashtan
daarad.

22. do angosht roo be jelo, va do angosht roo be aqab hastand.

23. tooti-haa nok-haa-yi qavi va tiz daarand.

24. qesmat-e baalaayi ke bozorg va khamide ast ber rooye qesmat-e paayini ke kootah-tar ast halqe
mizanad.

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25. in shekl az nok be tooti-haa ejaaze midahad taa daane-haa-ye sakht va mive-haa-ye maghz-daar
raa beshkanand va baaz konand.

26. aanhaa hamchenin az nok-e khod baraaye tamiz kardan-e par-haa-yeshaan va negah daashtan-e
ashyaa' estefaade mikonand.

27. zabaan-e bozorg va qavi-shaan baraaye jodaa kardan-e poost-e mive-haa-ye maghzdaar va daane-
haa kaaraamad ast.

28. tooti-haa baaraaye 'imen maandan be binaayi-ye khod bish az havaas-e digareshaan vaabaste
hastand.

29. chashmaan-e aanhaa dar do taraf-e sar-e bozorgeshaan qaraar daarand.

30. dar natije, aanhaa mitavaanand taqriban dar har jahati be khoobi bebinand.

31. baa in haal, chashmaan aanhaa nemitavaanand kheyli harkat konand.

32. aanhaa baraaye behtar didan baayad sar-e khod raa becharkhaanand.

33. kaakaatoo-haa va kaakaatil-haa kaakol—par-haa-ye faantezi dar baalaaye sareshaan daarand.

34. aanhaa in par-haa raa boland mikonand va mikhaabaanand taa shekaarchiaan raa betarsaanand
va faraari dahand va baa saayer-e parandegaan ertebaat barqaraar konand.

35. tooti-haa-ye fan qermez par-haa-ye gardan-e rangaarangi daarand.

36. aanhaa mitavaanand in par-haa raa boland konand taa be shekl-e yek baadbezan dar biaayand.

37. in shekl-e baadbezan maanand baa'es mishavad in parandegaan bozorg-tar benazar beresand va
hamchenin momken ast komak konad taa shekaarchiaan door bemaanand.

38. tooti-haa-ye vahshi

39. tooti-haa-ye vahshi dar besyaari az manaateq-e mokhtalef-e donyaa zendegi mikonand.

40. bishtar-e tooti-haa dar makaan-haa-yi zendegi mikonand ke aab-o havaa-ye garm daarand.

41. aamrikaaye markazi va jonoobi khaane-ye bishtar-e tooti-haa-ye vahshi ast.

42. tooti-haa hamchenin dar ostoraaliaa, aafriqaa, aasiaa, va qesmat-haa-yi az mekzik zendegi
mikonand.

43. te'daad-e kami az tooti-haa dar aab-o havaa-ye sard zendegi mikonand.

44. kiaa dar niyooziland zendegi mikonad.

45. in tanhaa tooti-'i ast ke dar baalaaye koohestaan zendegi mikonad.

46. tooti-ye menqaar pahn va tooti-ye pishaani khormaayi dar jangal-haa-ye khonak-e mekzik zendegi
mikonand.

47. tooti-haa-ye vahshi anvaa'e mokhtalefi az ghazaa-haa raa mikhorand.

48. bishtar-e tooti-haa anvaa'e besyaari az ghazaa-haa-ye giaahi raa mikhorand, az jomle daane, mive-
haa-ye maghz-daar, mive, gol, javaane, va barg.

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49. tooti-haa hamchenin har az chand gaahi hashare va halazoon mikhorand.

50. lorikit-haa az garde, poodri ghobaar maanand ke be giaahaan komak mikonad taa daane
besaazand taghzie mikonand.

51. lorikit-haa hamchenin shahd—shire-ye gol-haa raa minooshand.

52. besyaari az makaan-haa dar saraasar-e donyaa tooti-haa-yi daarand ke mote'alleq be aanjaa
nistand.

53. in tooti-haa heyvaanaat-e khaanegi'i hastand ke faraar karde va vahshi shode-and.

54. barkhi az tooti-haa-ye faraar-karde baraaye saal-haa-ye besyaari tolid-e mesl karde-and.

55. baa gozasht-e zamaan, yek gorooh-e koochak az parandegaan momken ast yek daste-ye bozorg
shavand.

56. jooje-haa-ye tooti

57. bishtar-e anvaa'e tooti-haa az sooraakh-haa-ye derakht be'onvaan-e laane estefaade mikonand.

58. tooti-haa ma'moolan dar har nobat beyn-e do taa hasht tokhm migozaarand.

59. vaaledeyn be nobat tokhm-haa raa garm negah midaarand.

60. jooje-haa baste be no'-e tooti ba'd az hejdah taa si rooz az tokhm biroon miaayand.

61. vaaledeyn baa ham az jooje-haa moraaqebat mikonand.

62. maadde dar teyye maah-e avval-e zendegi-eshaan baa aanhaa mimaanad.

63. tooti-ye nar baraaye maadde ghazaa miaavarad.

64. oo hamchenin az madde va jooje-haa dar moqaabel-e shekaarchiaan mohaafezat mikonad.

65. be zoodi jooje-haa baraaye laane kheyli bozorg mishavand.

66. ba'd har-do-ye vaaledeyn khaarej az laane az jooje-haa moraaqebat mikonand.

67. tooti-haa-ye javaan ba'd az hodood-e se hafte shorro' be daraavardan-e par-haa-ye bozorgsaali
mikonand.

68. qabl az aanke betavaanand parvaaz konand par-haa-ye baal-e aanhaa baayad boland va qavi
shavand.

69. parandegaan-e baahoosh

70. tooti-haa heyvaanaat-e besyaar baahooshi hastand.

71. aanhaa mitavaanand paazel-haa raa hal konand va ashya' raa az yek gorooh jodaa konand.

72. aanhaa mitavaanand kaarhaayi raa anjaam dahand ke yek koodak-e chaahaar saale qaader be
anjaameshaan ast.

73. meymoon-haa-ye bozorg tanhaa heyvaanaati hastand ke begheyr az ensaan mitavaanand in kaar-
haa raa anjaam dahand.

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74. barkhi tooti-haa mitavaanand kalaam-e ensaan-haa raa yaad begirand.

75. yek kaasko-ye ma'roof be naam-e aleks bish az yeksad kalame raa mifahmid.

76. oo baa afraadi ke rooye oo motaale'e mikardand sohbat mikard.

77. aleks so'aalaat-e saade miporsid va az paasokh-haa chiz-haa-ye taaze yaad migereft.

78. oo rang-e khaakestari raa baa negaah kardan be aayene va porsidan-e inke oo che rangi ast yaad
gereft.

79. dar nazdiki-ye paayaan-e zendegi-ye aleks, oo dar haal-e yaadgiri-ye khaandan-e sedaa-ye horoof
bood.

80. oo mifahmid sedaa-haa kalamaat raa dorost mikonand, va mitavaanest taa shesh beshomaarad.

81. saaheb-e aleks, doktor 'iren peperberg, fekr mikonad oo be baahooshi-ye yek koodak-e se yaa
chaahaar saale boode ast.

82. oo taa emrooz hamchenaan bar rooye kaasko-haa motaale'e mikonad.

83. tooti-haa be'onvaan-e heyvaanaat-e khaanegi

84. tooti-haa heyvaanaat-e khaanegi-ye portarafdaari hastand.

85. maakaa'o-haa, kaakaatoo-haa, morgh-e eshq-haa va tooti-haa-ye berezili barkhi az anvaa'e

motedaaveli hastand ke be'onvaan-e heyvaanaat-e khaanegi negahdaari mishavand.

86. tooti-haa mitavaanand porsarosedaa va naamorattab baashand, ammaa besyaari afraad dar har
soorat az negahdaari-ye aanhaa lezzat mibarand.

87. yaadgereftane tamaam-e masaa'el-e marboot be tooti-haa qabl az sharik shodan-e khaane'i baa
yeki az aanhaa daaraaye ahamiat mibaashad.

88. tooti-haa-ye khaanegi be eshq va tavajjoh-e ziaadi niaaz daarand.

89. barkhi az tooti-haa taa yeksad saal zendegi mikonand!

90. aanhaa moraaqebati baraaye tamaam-e tool-e zendegishaan mikhaahand.

91. hattaa anvaa'e koochektar mitavaanand baraaye paanzdah yaa bist saal zendegi konand.

92. tooti-haa asbaab-baazi va zamaan-e baazi-ye ziaadi niaaz daarand taa shaad bemaanand va zehn-e
khod raa hoshyaar negah-daarand.

93. ghazaa daadan be yek tooti-ye khaanegi be saadegi-ye aab-o daane daadan be aanhaa nist.

94. tooti-haa-ye vahshi anvaa'e mokhtalefi az ghazaa-haa raa mikhorand.

95. tooti-haa-ye khaanegi niz be anvaa'e mokhtalefi az ghazaa-haa niaaz daarand.

96. salaamat negahdaashtan-e yek tooti-ye khaanegi hamishe saade nist.

97. parandegaan kheyli baa sag-haa va gorbe-haa tafaavot daarand.

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98. saahebaan laazem ast dar mored-e anvaa'e makhsoos-e moraaqebati ke aanhaa niaaz daarand
yaad begirand.

99. didan-e tooti-haa

100. shomaa momken ast aanqadr khosh-shaans baashid ke dar mantaqe-'i daaraaye tooti-haa-ye
vahshi zendegi konid.

101. besyaari az forooshgaah-haa-ye heyvaanaat-e khaanegi va hamchenin barkhi az baagh-e vahsh-

haa tooti daarand.

102. barkhi makaan-haa namaayeshgaah-haa-yi daarand ke shomaa mitavaanid dar aanhaa be lorikit-
haa ghazaa bedahid.

103. dar internet video-haa-ye ziaadi dar mored-e tooti-haa-ye vahshi dar saraasar-e jahaan vojood
daarad.

104. har jaa ke shomaa tooti-haa raa mibinid, in parandegaan-e baahoosh va zibaa mojeb-e shegefti
hastand.

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ENGLISH

1. PARROTS

2. SPECIAL BIRDS

3. Have you ever seen a parrot in a pet store or a zoo?

4. Maybe you have a friend who has a pet parrot.

5. You may have seen a parrot eating seeds or squawking, or even speaking!

6. Only a few kinds of birds can use human language, and parrots do it best.

7. Many parrots are bright and colorful.

8. Others are white or gray.

9. Parrots can live in cold mountains or warm rain forests.

10. They can be as big as a cat or as small as a hamster.

11. There is so much to discover about parrots.

12. MANY KINDS OF PARROTS

13. There are more than 350 kinds of parrots.

14. Some are a mix of many colors, while others are mostly one color.

15. The most common colors are green, blue, red, and yellow.

16. A few kinds of parrots are not brightly colored.

17. They have gray, white, or black feathers.

18. Some have just a splash of bright color.

19. PARROT BODIES

20. All parrots stand tall and upright on strong legs.

21. Their feet have four toes with claws for climbing and holding things.

22. Two toes point forward, and the other two point backward.

23. Parrots have strong, sharp beaks.

24. The large, curved top part hooks over the shorter bottom part.

25. This shape of beak allows parrots to break open hard seeds and nuts.

26. They also use their beaks to clean their feathers and hold objects.

27. Their large, strong tongue comes in handy for removing the shells of nuts and seeds.

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28. To stay safe, parrots depend on their eyesight more than other senses.

29. Their eyes are on the sides of their large head.

30. As a result, they can see well in almost every direction.

31. However, their eyes can’t move much.

32. They must turn their head to get a better look at things.

33. Cockatoos and cockatiels have crests—fancy feathers on top of their head.

34. They raise and lower these feathers to scare away predators and to communicate with other
birds.

35. Red-fan parrots have colorful neck feathers.

36. They can raise these feathers to form a fan.

37. The fan makes these birds look larger and may also help keep predators away.

38. WILD PARROTS

39. Wild parrots live in many different parts of the world.

40. Most parrots live in places where the climate is warm.

41. Central and South America are home to most wild parrots.

42. Parrots also live in Australia, Africa, Asia, and parts of Mexico.

43. A few parrots live in cold climates.

44. The kea lives in New Zealand.

45. It is the only parrot that lives high in the mountains.

46. The maroon-fronted parrot and thick-billed parrot live in cool forests in Mexico.

47. Wild parrots eat many different kinds of foods.

48. Most parrots eat many different plant foods, including seeds, nuts, fruit, flowers, buds, and leaves.

49. Parrots also eat insects and snails from time to time.

50. Lorikeets feed on pollen, a powdery dust that helps plants make seeds.

51. Lorikeets also drink nectar—the juice of flowers.

52. Many places around the world have parrots that do not belong there.

53. These parrots are pets that have escaped and become wild.

54. Some escaped parrots have been breeding for many years.

55. Over time, a small group of birds may become a large flock.

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56. PARROT CHICKS

57. Most kinds of parrots use holes in trees as nests.

58. Parrots usually lay between two and eight eggs at the same time.

59. The parents take turns keeping the eggs warm.

60. Chicks hatch after eighteen to thirty days, depending on the kind of parrot.

61. The parents work together to care for chicks.

62. The female stays with them during the first month of their life.

63. The male parrot brings food to the female.

64. He also protects the female and chicks from predators.

65. Soon the chicks grow too big for the nest.

66. Both parents then care for the chicks outside the nest.

67. Young parrots start to grow adult feathers after about three weeks.

68. Their wing feathers must grow long and strong before they can fly.

69. SMART BIRDS

70. Parrots are very smart animals.

71. They can solve puzzles and pick out objects from a group.

72. They can accomplish tasks that four-year-old children can do.

73. Great apes are the only other animals besides humans that can do these things.

74. Some parrots can learn to speak human words.

75. A famous African grey parrot named Alex understood more than one hundred words.

76. He talked to the people who studied him.

77. Alex asked simple questions and learned new things from the answers.

78. He learned the color gray by looking in a mirror and asking what color he was.

79. Near the end of Alex’s life, he was learning to read the sounds of letters.

80. He understood that sounds make up words, and he could count to six.

81. Alex’s owner, Dr.Irene Pepperberg, thinks he was about as smart as a three- or four-year-old
human child.

82. She still studies African grey parrots today.

83. PARROTS AS PETS

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84. Parrots are popular pets.

85. Macaws, cockatoos, parakeets, and lovebirds are some common kinds kept as pets.

86. Parrots can be noisy and messy, but many people enjoy keeping them anyway.

87. It is important to learn all about parrots before deciding to share a home with one.

88. Pet parrots need a lot of love and attention.

89. Some parrots live up to one hundred years!

90. They need a lifetime of care.

91. Even the smaller kinds can live for fifteen or twenty years.

92. Parrots need lots of toys and play time to stay happy and keep their minds sharp.

93. Feeding a pet parrot is not as easy as giving it seeds and water.

94. Wild parrots eat many different kinds of food.

95. Pet parrots also need different kinds of food.

96. Keeping a pet parrot healthy is not always simple.

97. Birds are very different from dogs and cats.

98. Owners need to learn about the special kinds of care they need.

99. SEEING PARROTS

100. You may be lucky enough to live in an area with wild parrots.

101. Many pet stores have parrots, and so do some zoos.

102. Some places have exhibits where you can feed lorikeets.

103. The Internet has many videos of wild parrots around the world.

104. Wherever you see parrots, these smart, beautiful birds are sure to amaze.

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