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Digitalna Materijalnost - FFZG 2017-05-30
Digitalna Materijalnost - FFZG 2017-05-30
ma͡t̴e̡rijal̶n͞
0_ključne točke
● (1) ● (2)
kontekstualizacija konkretizirajuća
raznolikih digitalnih demonstracija
praksi u kulturnom i materijalnosti samih
računalnom području formata — spremnika,
novomedijske umjetnosti kodeka, programa i licenci
koja nastaje uslijed kao bitnih gradbenih
otvorenog i slobodnog elemenata digitalnog
znanja i softvera ekosustava
1_uvod — ideologije i taktike
→ digitalna umjetnost : Umjetnost kreirana ili
modificirana uz pomoć računala ili drugog
digitalnog medija.
[http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/digital-art]
///
Lamassu
Material Speculation: ISIS (2015 – 2016)
Nefertiti Hack (by Nora Al-Badri and Jan Nikolai Nelles)
via jonCates
Untitled game [spawn] - Jodi - Joan Heemskerk & Dirk Paesmans
[http://www.eai.org/titles/9872]
Mark Klink
glitch i glitch art
- zabilježavanje estetike zvučne ili vizualne
manifestacije grešaka izazvanih u sustavima
digitalnih slika, video i audio zapisa.
Umjetnost namjerne greške, oštećenih ili neispravnih digitalnih datoteka, estetika
neočekivanog u tehnološkim procesima, koja vlastitom nasumičnošću razotkriva
unutrašnjost računalnih sustava.
Glitch umjetnici namjerno stvaraju slučajnost eksperimentirajući vizualnim i
digitalnim kodom i time u pukotinama novih medija kreiraju novu kulturnu sintaksu
digitalne pismenosti.
img: A Vernacular of File Formats, Rosa Menkman at Born Digital, Moti, Breda__cc-by2.0, via Roͬ͠͡ s͠ ͬ aͬ͠ Menkman
→ nove karakteristike objekata novih medija
(“prirodna estetika digitalnog”) su:
→ databending [ᚼᾋᚼ৬ڇᎻᚼНᚼ⒓]
Umjetnički rad je "objekt, situacija ili događaj,
tj. otvorena situacija, događaj ili tekst koji
autor ne nudi kao završeno i zatvoreno djelo nego
permanentno razvija, transformira ili publika
dovršava recepcijom."
Šuvaković, Miško (2005) Pojmovnik suvremene umjetnosti. Ghent i Zagreb: Vless&Beton i
Horetzky, 646
http://kulturanova.hr/podrska/program-podrske-2016-rok-2792016/pojmovnik
- “true glitch”
databending
Name and Current TIFF 6.0 (Tagged Image File GIF 89a (Graphics JPEG (Joint Photographic JP2-JPX/ Flashpix� 1.0.2 ImagePac, Photo PNG 1.2 (Portable Network PDF 1.4� (Portable
Version Format) Interchange Format) Expert Group)/JFIF (JPEG JPEG 2000 CD Graphics)� Document Format)
File Interchange Format)
Extension(s) .tif, .tiff .gif .jpeg, jpg, .jif, .jfif .jp2, .jpx, .j2k, .j2c .fpx .pcd .png .pdf
Bit-depth(s) 1-bit bitonal; 4- or 8-bit grayscale or 1-8 bit bitonal, grayscale, or 8-bit grayscale; 24-bit color supports up to 214channels, 8-bit grayscale; 24 bit 24-bit color 1-48-bit; 1/2/4/8-bit palette 4-bit grayscale; 8-bit color;
palette color; up to 64-bit color[1] color each with 1-38 bits; gray or color color or grayscale, 16-bit up to 64-bit color support
color grayscale, 24/48-bit
truecolor
Compression Uncompressed Lossless: ITU-T.6, Lossless: LZW[2] Lossy: JPEG Uncompressed Uncompressed Lossy: “Visually Lossless: Deflate, an LZ77 Uncompressed Lossless:
LZW, etc. Lossless:[3] Lossless/Lossy: Wavelet Lossy: JPEG lossless” Kodak derivative ITU-T.6, LZW. JBIG
Lossy: JPEG proprietary format[4] Lossy: JPEG
Standard/ Proprietary De facto standard De facto standard JPEG: ISO 10918-1/2 ISO/IEC 15444 parts 1-6, 8-11 Publicly available Proprietary ISO 15948 (anticipated)[6] De facto standard[7]
JFIF: de factostandard[5] specification
Color Mgmt. RGB, Palette, YCbCr,[8] CMYK, Palette YCbCr Palette, YCbCr, RGB, sRGB, PhotoYCC and NIF PhotoYCC Palette, sRGB, ICC RGB, YCbCr, CMYK
CIE L*a*b* some ICC[9] RGB,[10]ICC (optional)
Web Support Plug-in or external application Native since Microsoft� Native since Microsoft� Plug-in Plug-in Java™ applet or Native since Microsoft� Plug-in or external
Internet Explorer 3, Netscape Internet Explorer 2, Netscape external application Internet Explorer 4, application
Navigator� 2 Navigator� 2 Netscape� Navigator 4.04,
(but still incomplete)
Metadata Support Basic set of labeled tags Free-text comment field Free-text comment field Basic set of labeled tags[11] Extensive set of labeled Through external Basic set of labeled tags Basic set of labeled tags
tags databases; no plus user-defined tags.
inherent metadata
Comments Supports multiple images/file[12] May be replaced by PNG; Progressive JPEG widely Multiple resolutions, Provides multiple Provides 5 or 6 May replace GIF, though Preferred for printing and
interlacing and transparency supported by Web progressive display, tiling, resolutions of each different resolutions market penetration has been viewing multipage
support by most Web browsers[13] region of interest coding and image; wide industry of each image; spotty documents; strong
browsers many other advanced features support, but limited unclear future government use
current applications
Home Page Unofficial TIFF home page GIF specification JPEG home page JPEG 2000 home page FlashPix home page Photo CD home PNG home page PDF home pagespecs
page
formati /formalne karakteristike
● svaki piksel predefiniran je određenim brojem podataka (color depth=bits per
pixel / ‘bpp’ >> “bitmapped” image / ‘bitmap’; .bmp)
● digitalne slike mogu biti rasterske (kompresirane i nekompresirane), vektorske
● veličina slike je rezultat broja piksela, količine informacija o boji, i
kompresije
kompresija rasterskih datoteka može biti lossless (npr .gif, .png,..) ili lossy
(npr .jpg)
[ veličina vektorske datoteke ne ovisi o veličini slike, već o broju elemenata ]
For example, a 640 * 480 pixel image with 24-bit color would occupy almost a megabyte of space:
640 * 480 * 24 = 7,372,800 bits = 921,600 bytes = 900 KiB
[ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image_file_formats#Image_file_sizes ]
+ interpolacija
+ kanali
formati/ .4BC .BASCII. BLINX .CCI .MCF
.USPEC /ExtraFile is conceptional software
art but with a practical usage.
https://github.com/kimasendorf/ExtraFile
bpp
Table extracted from PC Multimedia & Web Handbook - technology & techniques (Dick 2002) //
http://www.sqa.org.uk/e-learning/BitVect01CD/page_62.htm
tekst i hex editiranje /statični formati
- hex editor (binarni editor ili byte editor) dopušta nam
manipulaciju binarnih podataka koji sačinjavaju datoteke
- zove se “hex” zbog heksadecimalnog brojevnog sustava koji je
standard za prikazivanje binarnih podataka
- koristi se za uređivanje datoteka na niskim razinama
(debugiranje, crackiranje, editiranje saveova u igricama :)
…)
- mi ga koristimo za databending, odnosno “krivo spajanje”
podataka unutar slikovnih i video formata
softver
Hexplorer https://sourceforge.net/projects/hexplorer/, WIN
Bless, wxHexeditor (Linux, slobodan softver - instalacija preko
package managera)
010 editor (košta, https://www.sweetscape.com/download/010editor/)
Hexfiend (OSX) http://ridiculousfish.com/hexfiend/
Irfanview (http://www.irfanview.com/) + plugins
(http://www.irfanview.com/plugins.htm)
Xnview http://www.xnview.com/en/xnviewmp/
Notepad++ https://notepad-plus-plus.org/download/v6.9.2.html -
text editor
...
<<<<<demonstracija>>>>>
RAW /vizuali
- Poznavati izvorne dimenzije
- Možemo preskočiti “header”,
odnosno primijeniti postavke
s odmakom od zaglavlja
fajla
- BPP opcije
(+YUV subsampling / pix_fmt)
- Bayer pattern =
mozaik fotosenzora >>
CFA (Colour Filter Array)
- Interleaved / planar mod
(način zapisivanja podataka o RGB px;RGBRGBRGB/RRRGGGBBB)
RAW /video
- konvertiramo izvor u RAW (npr. sa FFmpegom
ffmpeg -i input.ext -c:v rawvideo output.yuv)
- učitamo datoteku u Audacity
- File → Import RAW data
Encoding - A law / U law
Byte order: No endianess
Channels: 1 Channel (Mono)
- aplicirati efekte, prćkati po bilo
čemu :) (bitno je samo da ne
mijenjamo TRAJANJE)
- kod spremanja paziti na A law / U law (mora biti
isto kao kod uvoza)
<<<<<demonstracija>>>>>
softver
FFmpeg https://www.ffmpeg.org - švicarski nož za konverziju audia
i videa
Cygwin https://cygwin.com/install.html - GNU/Linux terminal za
Windowse
Avidemux http://fixounet.free.fr/avidemux/download.html - video
editor
Hexplorer https://sourceforge.net/projects/hexplorer/ - Hexeditor
Audacity http://www.audacityteam.org/download/ - audio editor
Pyuv http://pyuv.software.informer.com/ - RAW video player
Popis codeca ffmpeg -encoders