Week 2.
Introduction, Assumptions,
and Nature of Art
WHAT IS ART APPRECIATION?
 Art Appreciation aims to develop
student’s ability to appreciate, analyze
and critique works of art through
interdisciplinary and multimodal
approaches.
 The course also develops student’s
competency in researching and curating
art as well as conceptualizing, mounting
and evaluating art productions.
What is art?
 Art is inextricable to human life. It has
the power to bring meaning and purpose
to humanity by serving as a mirror to
culture.
 The word art comes from the Latin 'ars'
which originally meant ‘skills and crafts’.
Art means 'making' or 'creating
something’
What does art matter?
 Art provides value in its reflective and
process-driven capacities, making it
important because it emphasizes
process and experience.
 Art is an extricable part of our lives that
offers connection, insight, and
expression. To put it plainly, art allows
people to think more profoundly, strive
more passionately, and feel joy more
freely.
What is Art Appreciation?
 Art Appreciation is the knowledge and
understanding of the universal and
timeless qualities that identify all great
art.  construction of three-dimensional forms
 “Art appreciation is the ability to interpret
or understand man-made arts and enjoy
them either through actual work and
experience with art tools and materials”
 Art appreciation deals with learning or
understanding and creating arts and
enjoying them” (Ariola, 2008).
 It goes beyond staring at a painting
hanging on the wall. It also lets you:
 Gain the knowledge to understand the
art.
 Acquire the art methods and materials
to discuss art verbally or by the written
word.
 Identify the movements from ancient
cultures to today's contemporary art.
 Understand and evaluate artwork to
improve your artwork.
Why is creativity important?
- Creativity is inherent in everyone. It is a
process of having original ideas that have
value (Robinson,2006)
- Without creativity, there would be no real
innovation; we need people who are pure idea
generators and we need others who can
modify those ideas. (Thorne, 2007)
Week 3 . Forms of Art
Painting is the art of creating meaningful
effects on a flat surface by the use of pigments.
Sculpture - refers to the design and
representing natural objects or imaginary
shapes.
 Theater - is a drama, or play is a story re-
created by actors on a stage in front of an
audience. A group of people act out the plot to
get across to the audience the idea the author
is trying to express.

Architecture - is the art of designing and

constructing buildings and other types of
structures.

Motion Picture - is a popular addition to the

various forms of the theatre.

Music - is the art of combining and regulating

sounds of varying pitch to produce
compositions expressing various ideas and
emotions.

Literature - is the art of combining spoken or

written words and their meanings into forms
which have artistic and emotional appeal.

Dance - is the most direct of the arts because

it makes use of the human body as its medium.
 Week 4. Functions of Art -
Classifications of Art
Directly Functional Art - means an object that
could be commonly used by man but at the
same time exhibits aesthetic purposes.
Indirectly Functional Art - This refers to the
arts that are ‘perceived through the senses’
such as fine arts, painting, sculpture, dance,
literature, theatrical performances, music, and
the like (Mapua University, 2020).
Personal Function Art - A vehicle for the
artists’ expression of their feelings and ideas.
The arts also serves as means of expressions
for people. The therapeutic value of music
cannot be ignored. Works of art make us
aware of other ways of thinking, feeling, and
imagining that have occurred to us before
(Dela Cruz, 2014).
Social Function - One cannot conceive of a
society without art, for art is closely related to
every aspect of social life.
Social Function
1. Art performs a social function when it
influences social behavior. It seeks or
tends to influence the collective
behavior of a people (Dela Cruz, 2014).
2. Art performs a social function when it
displays and celebrated. It is created to
be seen or used primarily in public
situation. One function of sculpture and
painting is the commemoration of
important personages in society. The
statues of national heroes that grace our
parks and plazas are commemorative
works as are the commissioned
paintings of leaders or rulers. Often they
serve to record important historical
events, or reveal the ideals of heroism
and leadership that the community
would want the young to emulate (Dela
Cruz, 2014).
3. Art performs a social function when it
becomes a social description. It
expresses or describes social or
collective aspects of existence as
opposed to individual and personal kind
of experiences (Dela Cruz, 2014).
Physical Function - Works of arts become
objects which function to make our lives
physically comfortable. Functional works of art
may be a tool or a container (Dela Cruz, 2014).
Week 5.1. Subjects in Art
What is Subject?
- It the visual focus or the image that may be
extracted from examining the artwork; ‘the
what’
Types of Subject
Representational Art - These types of
subjects refer to objects or events occurring in
the real world. This is also termed as figurative
art because the figures depicted are easy to
make out and decipher.
Levels of meaning in Content Art

Factual Meaning - The most rudimentary level

of meaning for it may be extracted from the
identifiable or recognizable forms in the artwork
and understanding how these elements relate
to one another.

Conventional meaning - Pertains to the

Non-Representational Art - These are art
forms that do not make a reference to the real
world, whether it is a person, place, thing, or
even a particular event. It is stripped down to
visual elements, such as shapes, lines, and
colors that are employed to translate a
particular feeling, emotion, and even concept.
acknowledged interpretation of the artwork
using motifs, signs, and symbols and other
cyphers as bases of its meaning.
Subjective meaning - These meanings stem
from the viewer’s or audience’s circumstances
that come into play when engaging with art
(what we know, what we learned, what we
experienced; what values we stand for)

Week 6.1. Elements of Art

- These are the building blocks or the

ingredients of art.

Line - a mark on a surface with length and

direction created by a tool (pencil, pen, brush)

Kinds of Subject

 History  Landscape
 Still life  Seascape
 Animals  Cityscape
 Figures  Mythology
 Nature  Dreams
 Myth  Fantasies

Week 5.2. Content in Art

What is Content in art?

- It is the meaning or message that is
expressed or communicated by the artist or the
artwork.

‘the why’
Color - consists of Space
 hue (another term for color) Foreground
 intensity (brightness) Middle Ground
 value (lightness or darkness) Background
(creates depth)

Texture - surface quality or "feel" of an object,

its smoothness, roughness, softness, etc.
Actual or implied.

Actual/Real

Space - distance or area between, around,

above, below, or within things.

Positive: The object

Negative: The space around the object

Implied

Le Fluers
by Robert Mapplethorpe
 Week 6.2. Principle of Art Contrast - A large difference between two
things to create interest and tension
- The principles of art describe the ways that
artists use the elements of art in a work of art.
It is also considered as the tools to make
artworks.

Balance - is the distribution of the visual

weight of objects, colors, texture, and space. In
other words, this is the way the elements are
arranged to create a feeling of stability in a
work.
 Symmetrical or Asymmetrical
Rhythm and Movement - A regular repetition
of elements to produce the look and feel of
movement.

The parts of an image are organized

so that one side mirrors the other.

 Asymmetrical

Pattern and Repetition - repetation of a

design motif

When one side of a composition

does not reflect the design of the other.

Unity - When all the elements and principles

Emphasis - The focal point of an image, or work together to create a pleasing image.
when one area or thing stands out the most.
Variety - is the use of several elements of
design to hold the viewer’s attention and to
guide the viewer’s eye through and around the
work of art.
Proportion - is the comparative relationship of
one part to another with respect to size,
quantity, or degree; SCALE.
Week 7. Artist and Artisan
Background
Art world:
- Artists and artisans made creative and
magnificent arts for appreciation
- human progress, and culture preservation.
Artists and Artisans differentiated
Artist - talented and work on visual arts like
painting, drawing, photography for aesthetic
value of an art.
Artisan - skilled worker and usually work on
furniture, pottery, and jewelry for practical and
decorative reasons.
Art making: Production Process
- Use medium and technique to materialize
concept their concept
Art making: Medium
Art making: Techniques
- Use appropriate techniques as method, or
means of using medium to finish an art.
 Blowing an air to molten glass to form a
figure
 Throwing is a technique in pottery
making
 Coloring is painting through water
color, colored pencil, or crayons
 Cutting for wood carving
Art management - Stakeholders
 do sales
 purchase
 collect
 exhibits
 promote arts
Role of Stakeholders
 Art managers – do art projects, plan
and arrange tours and events
 Gallerists – exhibit and promote arts
and artists
 Art Collectors – love to collect arts
 Curators – acquire, care, arrange, and
interpret arts
 Art Dealers – buy and sell arts
 Art Critics – do critical analysis on art
 Auctioneers – facilitate art dealers and
art collectors to sell artworks
  Artists – the most important
stakeholders, who create arts in the
form of literature, visual graphics,
decorative, music, theatre and
architecture.
Artists and Artisans work hard for the sake of
art and deserved accolade from us.
Week 8. Exploring Historical and
Philosophical Underpinnings of Art –
Art History
According to Karmel (2003), an art
movement is a tendency or style in art with a
specific common philosophy or goal, followed
by a group of artists during a specific period of
time.
Art movements were especially important
in modern art, when each consecutive
movement was considered as a new “avant –
garde”, a French word which means works that
are experimental, radical or unorthodox, with
respect to art, culture or society.
According to theories associated
with modernism and the concept of
postmodernism, art movements are especially
important during the period of time
corresponding to modern art. The period of
time called "modern art" is posited to have
changed approximately halfway through the
20th century and art made afterward is
generally called contemporary art.  symmetry;
 During the period of time corresponding
to "modern art" each consecutive
movement was often considered a new
avant-garde.
 Also during the period of time referred to
as "modern art" each movement was
seen corresponding to a somewhat
grandiose rethinking of all that came
before it, concerning the visual arts
(Jencks and Everdell, 1997).
 Historical and Philosophical
Underpinnings of Art - Art History
 Postmodernist theorists posit that the
ideas of art movements are no longer as
applicable, or no longer as discernible,
as the notion of art movements had
been before the postmodern era. 
 The term refers to tendencies in visual
art, novel ideas and architecture, and
sometimes literature. In music it is more
common to speak
about genres and styles instead
(Desmond, 2011).
Top Twenty-five (25) Art Movements
and Styles
1. Abstract expressionism, which
encompasses a wide variety of American 20 th
century art movements, depicting large
abstract painted canvasses;
2. Art Nouveau, a decorative style that
flourished between 1890 and 1910 throughout
Europe and the US;
3. Avant-garde, innovative or experimental
concepts in the realms of culture, politics and
art;
4. Baroque, an art and architecture developed
in Europe from the early 17th to mid-18th
century;
5. Classism, embodied in the styles, theories,
or philosophies of the different types of art from
ancient Greece and Rome, concentrating on
traditional forms with a focus on elegance and
6. Conceptual art, arose during 1960s,
emphasizing ideas and theoretical practices
rather than the creation of visual forms;
7. Constructivism, developed by the Russian
avant-garde around 1915, a branch of abstract
art, rejecting the idea of “art for art’s sake” in
favor of art as a practice directed towards
social purposes;
8. Cubism, an artistic movement begun in
1907 by artists Pablo Picasso and Georges
Braque who developed a visual language
whose geometric planes challenged the
conventions of representation in different types
of art;
9. Dada/Dadaism, an artistic and literary
movement in art formed during the First World
War as a negative response to the traditional
social values and conventional artistic
practices of the different types of art at the
time;
10. Expressionism, an international artistic
movement in art, architecture, literature, and
performance that flourished between 1905 and
1920, especially in Germany and Austria, that
sought to express the meaning of emotional
experience rather than physical reality;
11. Fauvism, associated especially with Henri
Matisse and André Derain, whose works are
characterized by strong, vibrant color and bold
brushstrokes over realistic or representational
qualities;
12. Futurism, an Italian development in
abstract art and literature, founded in 1909 by
Filippo Tommaso Marinetti, aiming to capture
the dynamism, speed and energy of the
modern mechanical world.
13. Impressionism, associated especially
with French artists such as Claude Monet,
Pierre Auguste Renoir, Camille Pissarro and
Alfred Sisley, who attempted to accurately and
objectively record visual ‘impressions’ by using
small, thin, visible brushstrokes that coalesce
to form a single scene and emphasize
movement and the changing qualities of light;
14. Installation art, movement in art,
developed at the same time as pop art in the
late 1950s, which is characterized by large-
scale, mixed-media constructions, often
designed for a specific place or for a temporary
period of time;
15. Land art/ Earth art, Environmental art and
Earthworks, is a simple art movement that
emerged in the 1960s and 1970s,
characterized by works made directly in the
landscape, sculpting the land itself into
earthworks or making structures in the
landscape using natural materials such as
rocks or twigs;
16. Minimalism, art movements from the
1960s, and typified by works composed of
simple art, such as geometric shapes devoid of
representational content;
17. Neo-Impressionism, an avant-garde art
movement that flourished principally in France
from 1886 to 1906, renounced the spontaneity
of Impressionism in favor of a measured and
systematic painting technique grounded in
science and the study of optics;
18. Neoclassicism, almost the opposite of pop
art, drawing inspiration from the classical art
and culture of Ancient Greece and Ancient
Rome, which is not uncommon for art
movements;
19. Performance art, emerged in the 1960s to
describe different types of art that are created
through actions performed by the artist or other
participants, which may be live or recorded,
spontaneous or scripted;
20. Pointillism, a technique of painting
developed by French painters Georges-Pierre
Seurat and Paul Signac, it is characterized by
works made of countless tiny dots of pure color
applied in patterns to form an image;
21. Pop art, an art movement emerged in the
1950s, composed of British and American
artists who draw inspiration from ‘popular’
imagery and products from popular and
commercial culture, as opposed to ‘elitist’ fine
art;
22. Post-Impressionism, a term coined in
1910 by the English art critic and painter Roger
Fry to describe the reaction against the
naturalistic depiction of light and color in
different types of art movements like
Impressionism;
23. Rococo, a movement in art, particularly in
architecture and decorative art, that originated
in France in the early 1700s, Characteristically,
it consists of elaborate ornamentation and a
light, sensuous style, including scroll work,
foliage, and animal forms;

24. Surrealism, founded by the poet André

Breton in Paris in 1924, its main goal of
Surrealism painting and artworks was to
liberate thought, language, and human
experience from the oppressive boundaries of
rationalism by championing the irrational, the
poetic and the revolutionary; and,

25. Suprematism, a relatively unknown

member of the different types of abstract art
movements, outside of the art world, a term
coined by Russian artist Kazimir Malevich in
1915 to describe an abstract style of painting
that conforms to his belief that art expressed in
the simplest geometric forms and dynamic
compositions was superior to earlier forms of
representational art.

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