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01 - Physics - Force and Pressure
01 - Physics - Force and Pressure
Introduction
When an object is either pushed or a pulled is known as a force.
If the force is applied in the direction opposite to the direction of motion, then it results in a
decrease in the speed of the object.
If an object is in motion, then external force may change in the state or direction of motion of
that object.
The state of motion of an object is explained by its speed and the direction of motion.
The state of ‘rest’ of an object is considered to be the zero speed, as −
The force caused by the action of muscles is known as the muscular force.
Some force, decreases the speed of a moving object, is known as ‘friction.’ E.g. moving
wheel on road; once the source of force stops working, then wheel stops because of friction.
The force applied by a charged body on another charged or uncharged body is known as
‘electrostatic force.’
Objects or things that fall towards the earth, as earth pulls it towards itself; this force is known
as the force of gravity or gravity.
The force of gravity is applicable on all objects. In fact, every object in this universe,
irrespective of its size and shape, exerts some force on every other object. It happens only
because of the ‘gravitational force.’
Pressure
P
Prre
esss
suur
ree =
= f
foor
rcce
e//a
arre
eaao
onnw
whhi
icch
hiit
taac
ctts
s .
If the area is smaller, then the pressure on a surface would be greater; e.g. this is the reason
that the area of one end of a nail is pointed t
tooe
exxe
errt
tssu
ufff
fiic
ciie
ennt
tppr
rees
sssu
urre
e and other end
is bigger a
asss
shho
owwn
niin
ntth
heei
imma
agge
eggi
ivve
ennb
beello
oww .
This envelop of air is known as the atmosphere that extends up to many kilometers above
the surface of the earth.
The pressure inside our bodies is exactly equal to the atmospheric pressure and annuls the
pressure acting from outside s
seee
etth
heei
imma
agge
eggi
ivve
ennb
beello
oww .
Liquids and gases also exert pressure on the walls of their respective containers.