Not

es:FACTORSTHATAFFECTSOLUBI
LITYandFACTORS
AFFECTI
NGRATEOFSOLUTION

Thesolubil
i
tyofasolut
eis:themaximum amountofsol
utethatcan
dissol
veinacert
ainamountofsol
ventorsol
uti
onatacer
tain
temperat
ure.

MAI
NFACTORSTHATAFFECTSOLUBI
LITY:

Natur eofthesol
uteandsol
vent–Theamountofsol utet
hatdi
ssolvesdependsonwhat
typeofsol ut
eiti
s.Whil
eonly1gram ofl
ead(I
I)chl
or i
decanbedissolvedin100gramsof
wat eratroom t
emperat
ure,
200gramsofzincchlor
idecanbedissolved.Thismeanst hata
greateramountofzincchl
ori
decanbedissol
vedinthesameamountofwat erthanleadII
chloride.

Temper at
ure--Generall
y,anincr
easei nthetemper at
ureofthesoluti
oni ncreasest
he
solubili
tyofasolidsolute.Forexampl e,agr eat
eramountofsugarwi l
ldissolvei
nwar m
wat erthanincoldwat er
.Af ewsolidsolutes,however,ar
elesssolubleinwar mer
solutions.Forallgases,solubi
li
tydecreasesast hetemperatur
eoft hesol uti
onri
ses.An
exampl eoft hi
sisSoda.Thesol ubi
l
ityofthecar bondioxi
degasdecr easeswhenasodai s
war m, makingthesodaf lat
.

Pressure--Forsol i
dandliquidsolutes,changesinpressurehavepracti
call
ynoef f
ecton
solubi
lit
y.Forgaseoussol utes,anincreaseinpressureincr
easessolubi
li
tyandadecr ease
i
npr essuredecr easessolubil
i
ty.Exampl e:Whent hecaponabot tl
eofsodapopi s
remov ed,pressureisrel
eased, andthegaseoussol ut
ebubbl esoutofsolut
ion.Thi
sescape
ofagasf r
om sol ut
ioniscall
edef f
ervescence.

FACTORSTHATAFFECTTHERATEOFSOLUTI
ON:

Ther
ateofsol
uti
oni
s:ameasur
eofhowf
astasubst
ancedi
ssol
ves.

Sizeoftheparti
cles--Whenasol utedissolv
es,theact
iont akesplaceonlyatthesur
faceof
eachparti
cle.Whent hetotalsurf
aceareaoft hesol
utepart i
clesi
sincreased,
thesol
ute
di
ssolvesmor erapidl
y.Breakingasoluteint
osmal l
erpiecesincreasesitssur
facear
eaand
i
ncreasesit
sr at
eofsol uti
on.

St
ir
ri
ng--Wit
hliqui
dandsoli
dsolut
es,st
ir
ringbr
ingsf
reshporti
onsofthesol
venti
ncont
act
wi
ththesol
ute.Sti
rri
ng,
ther
efor
e,al
lowsthesol
utetodissol
vefast
er.

Amountofsolut
ealreadydissol
ved–Whenyouhavever
ylit
tl
esolut
einthesol
uti
on,
di
ssol
vi
ngtakesplacequickly.Whenyouhaveal
otofsolut
einthesol
uti
on,di
ssol
vi
ngt
akes
pl
acemoreslowly.

temper at
ure-
-Forli
quidsandsoli
dsolutes,
increasingthetemperat
urenotonl
yincreasesthe
amountofsol ut
ethatwill
dissol
vebutalsoincreasestherateatwhicht
hesolut
ewi ll
dissolv
e.Forgases,t
hereversei
strue.Anincreasei nt
emper at
uredecr
easesbothsolubi
li
ty
andr at
eofsoluti
on.

By
-si
dhar
thBeher
a