PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2

Course Description: The course aims to develop critical thinking and problem-solving
skills through quantitative research.

Pre-requisite: Statistics & Probability

Course Content:
The Nature of Inquiry and Research
Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem
Learning From Others and Reviewing the Literature
Understanding Data and Ways to Systematically Collect Data
Reporting and Sharing Findings
 PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2
Grading System: Written Works=25%
Performance Tasks=45%
Quarterly Assessment=30%
100%
Requirements: Course Outline
Compilation Folder (for Handouts & Outputs, if nec.) – Long folder
Research Output (minimum up to Chapter III)
Others – to be announced
What are the What are the Difficulties
parts of a specific parts experienced
Research of each in research?
Paper? Chapter? Suggestions to
(I-V) lessen/avoid it
this year.
You are going to fill in the concept map/web based on what you have
understood on the following words:

RESEARCH INQUIRY
 PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2- Q1, WK 2

Lesson 1:
INTRODUCTION TO RESEARCH
INTRODUCTION OF QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
Lesson 2:
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH ACROSS FIELDS

A Modified Lesson mainly based from the PowerPoint Presentation of Von Christopher G. Chua (2017) @ mathbychua.weebly.com
 Objectives
At the end of this session, learners are expected to:
1.Describe the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and
kinds of quantitative research
(CS-RS12-Ia-c-1);
2. Illustrate the importance of quantitative research across
field.
(CS-RS12-Ia-c-2);
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2- Q1, WK 2

Lesson 1:
INTRODUCTION TO
RESEARCH
Research is a scientific, experimental, or inductive manner of thinking
(Baraceros, 2016).

Research is a systematic process of collecting, analyzing, and

interpreting information in order to increase our understanding of a
phenomenon about which we are interested or concerned .
(Leedy & Ormrod, 2013).
 works with a system or unbiased; all angles
method presented

Research is a systematic and objective

creation of knowledge.
a creative
(Creswell, 2013)
process

Present the
answer Collect data to
answer to the

Defining question

Research Pose a question

 Add to existing knowledge.

Improve practice.

Inform policies

Solve problems, not emergencies.

Why DO
RESEARCH?
Provides data for better understanding of real-life concerns and issues, individual or
group. Undertake research to contribute to existing information about issues.
▷Through research we develop results that help to answer questions, and as we
accumulate these results, we gain a deeper understanding of the problems. In this way,
researchers are much like bricklayers who build a wall brick by brick, continually adding to
the wall and, in the process, creating a stronger structure.

▷When we encourage our students to immerse themselves in researches that seek to

understand how they learn and what factors contribute to learning, we give them the
opportunity to improve their study habits and their appreciation for improving
themselves through education.

▷Research has the ability to change the way we do things. The researches that your
students will be doing can be used to review existing school policies or even generate new
ones. Makes recommendations to improve existing situations or realities.

▷Students must understand that the conduct of research takes time.

Questions that
DELIMITS
Research?
Practical research aims to discover truths about topics that
interests or affects the researcher(s) in order to improve.

Practical research means actual doing or using of something

rather than theories and ideas. It involves inquiry methods
and immersion activities in order to achieve the correct
information.
Is research relatable? Why or why not?
The Effects of Korean Drama on Students

Majority of students who took part in the research do

not consider their fanaticism with Korean drama to
have affected their sleeping patterns. Also, the study
shows the same students are financially responsible
and are not even willing to buy products and
franchises relative to this type of entertainment.
Is research relatable?
Today’s Teens: More Materialistic, Less Willing to Work
Jean Twenge and Tim Kasser, San Diego State University (2007)

“Compared to previous generations, recent high school graduates are

more likely to want money and nice things, but less likely to say they’re
willing to work hard to earn them”

62 percent of student-teenagers from 2005-07 think it is important to have lots of

money as compared to only 48 percent of the teenagers within 1976-78.

39 percent of the group admitted that they are not willing to work compared to
only 25 percent from the older group.
Is research relatable?
Social Media Usage and Depression
University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine

“The more time young adults use social media, the more likely
they are depressed.”

The 1,787 participants of the study used social media 61

minutes per day and visited various social media accounts 30
times per week. 25 percent of these participants were
classified as having high indicators of depression.
Is research relatable?
Teens, Kindness and Cruelty on Social Network Sites
Amanda Lenhart (2011)

Despite the negative portrayal of adolescent social

media usage by most news outlets, nearly 70% of over
800 teens surveyed said that they view people are
“mostly kind” to one another online. 20% responded
that their peers were “mostly unkind”, while the rest
said “it depends.”
Analyze...
 RESEARCH INQUIRY
is a scientific, experimental or inductive investigation; interrogation
manner of thinking.
is looking for an answer to a query using the most asking questions to probe or examine
logical and valid methods. something.

must give new knowledge for what is is a seeking of information by asking

known in the past. questions.

is a process of steps used to collect and analyze open-ended questions – elicit views, opinions and
information to increase own understanding or beliefs of others (Small, 2012).
issue (Creswell, 2012).
is a diligent inquiry or examination to seek or
revise facts, principles, theories, applications, etc.

is laborious or continued search after

truth.
What research is NOT
(Leedy & Ormrod, 2013)

1. Research is NOT merely gathering information.

2. Research is NOT merely scrambling around for
hard-to-locate information.
3. Research is NOT merely transporting facts from one
location to another.
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2- Q1, WK 2

Lesson 1:
INTRODUCTION OF
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
 QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
▷is an objective, systematic empirical investigation of
observable phenomena through the use of computational
techniques.
▷highlights numerical analysis of data hoping that the
numbers yield unbiased results that can be generalized to
some larger population and explain a particular
observation.
▷is concerned with numbers and its relationship
with events.
QUANTITATIVE vs. QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
single reality multiple realities
establishing relationships and understanding situations in a
explaining cause of correlation participant’s perspective

pre-established design emerging design

detached researcher immersed researcher

to generalize to assess applicability

Additional Notes
▷Quantitative researchers usually base their work on
the belief that facts and feelings can be separated,
that the world is a single reality made up of facts that
can be discovered.

▷Qualitative researchers, on the other hand, assume

that the world is made up of multiple realities, socially
constructed by different individual views of the same
situation.
Additional Notes
▷The purpose of quantitative research is basically to
[READ].

▷Quantitative research has established widely

agreed on general formulations of steps that guide
researchers in their work.

▷Qualitative researchers have a much greater

flexibility in both the strategies and techniques they
use and the overall research process itself.
Additional Notes
▷The ideal researcher role in quantitative research is that of
a detached observer, whereas qualitative researchers tend to
become immersed in the situations in which they do their
research.
▷Quantitative researchers want to establish
generalizations that transcend the immediate situation or
particular setting.
▷Qualitative researchers, on the other hand, often do not
even try to generalize beyond the particular situation, but
may leave it to the reader to assess applicability.
CHARACTERISTICS of QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
1. OBJECTIVE
2. CLEARLY DEFINED RESEARCH
QUESTIONS
3. STRUCTURED RESEARCH INSTRUMENTS
4. NUMERICAL DATA
5. LARGE SAMPLE SIZES
6. REPLICATION
7. FUTURE OUTCOMES
 IMPORTANCE of QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
1. More reliable and objective
2. Can use statistics to generalize a finding
3. Often reduces and restructures a complex
problem to a limited number of variables
4. Looks at relationships between variables
and can establish cause and effect in highly
controlled circumstances.
 IMPORTANCE of QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
5. Tests theories or hypotheses
6. Assumes sample is representative of the
population
7. Subjectivity of researcher in methodology is
recognized less
8. Less detailed than qualitative data and may
miss a desired response from the participant.
Quantitive Research
Its STRENGTHS and
WEAKNESSES
Comparison of Strengths & Weaknesses of
Quantitative Research
 STRENGTHS of Quantitative Research
1. It is objective.
2. The use of statistical techniques facilitates
sophisticated analyses.
3. It is real and unbiased.
4. The numerical data can be analyzed in a quick and
easy way.
5. Quantitative studies are replicable.
6. Quantitative experiments are useful for testing the
results gained by a series of qualitative experiments.
 WEAKNESSES of Quantitative Research
1. Quantitative research requires a large number of
respondents.
2. It is costly.
3. The information is contextual factors to help interpret
the results or to explain variations are usually ignored.
4. Much information are difficult to gather using
structured research instruments.
5. If not done seriously and correctly, data from
questionnaires may be incomplete and inaccurate.
Additional Notes
Addressing Weaknesses of Quantitative Research
-Rigor in doing quantitative research procedures
-Addition of qualitative analysis using quotes of
subjects (persons from whom data are collected)
to support statistical results
Additional Notes
▷ The objectivity QNR is almost guaranteed because it
seeks answers to questions supported by the analysis of
quantitative data. Numbers are precise and bias-proof.

▷ In relation to that, in QNR, we are in control of the level

of significance. We can account for the possibility for error.

▷ Non-probability sampling is often employed and we can

decide how accurate we want our results to be by limiting
our samples.
Additional Notes
▷ Numbers will not be able to explain everything.
Sometimes the data that we get only scratches the surface
and qualitative data will be needed to make meaning out of
the numbers.

▷ Error can occur due to sampling, the instrument, and

how the tool is administered.

▷ QNR tends to start with assumptions that it will need to

validate. Because of this, results are restricted to whether
the data reject or do not reject that assumption.
PRACTICAL RESEARCH 2- Q1, WK 2

Lesson 2:
QUANTITATIVE RESEARCH
ACROSS FIELDS
▷People do research to find solutions, even tentative ones, to
problems, in order to improve or enhance ways of doing things,
to disprove or provide a new hypothesis, or simply to find
answers to questions or solutions to problems in daily life.

▷Research findings can affect people’s lives, ways of doing

things, laws, rules and regulations, as well as policies, among
others. Widely, quantitative research is often used because of
its emphasis on proof rather than discovery.
▷ACCOUNTING, BUSINESS and MANAGEMENT (ABM)
▷ANTHROPOLOGY
▷COMMUNICATION
▷SPORTS MEDICINE
▷MEDICAL EDUCATION
▷BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
▷EDUCATION
▷PSYCHOLOGY
▷SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY, ENGINEERING and MATHEMATICS (STEM)
▷And other SHS Strands
▷ Grouping of students, especially in an
undergraduate research, is very crucial in making and
accomplishing a complete and substantial research
book.

▷Ponder on how will the Research Group in your

classroom be formed. Suggestions from is noted and well
taken by yours truly. ☺
▷ Write your
answer in a ½
sheet of paper
▷A)
MULTIPLE
CHOICE.
Write the
letter of the
correct
answer.
▷ Write your
answer in a ½
sheet of paper
▷A)
MULTIPLE
CHOICE.
Write the
letter of the
correct
answer.
- Write your answer in a ½
sheet of paper
▷B) MATCHING TYPE.
Match item in COLUMN
A with those of
COLUMN B by placing
the letter of the correct
answers in the space
provided in Column A
from among the choices
in Column B. Identify
what discipline the given
research title is related.
▷ Search online, from a
book or publication one
particular quantitative
study for every field below
and indicate its
contribution to the
development of knowledge
to that field. JUST SELECT
3 FIELDS ONLY. Write on a
½ Sheet of Paper.