Cr

eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

CRE
ATI
VEWRI
TI
NG
I
NTRODUCT
IONT
OCRE
ATI
VEWRI
TI
NG
Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngi
sag
ene
ral
l
yap
iec
eofwr
iti
ngo
utl
i
nin
gth
ewr
ite
r’sp
ers
pec
tiv
eors
tor
y.Ap
ply
ing
e
ffe
cti
vewr
iti
ngs
kil
l
stoi
nti
mid
ati
ngt
oal
oto
fpe
opl
e.T
hec
hil
dre
nwi
l
lbeb
uil
tth
eco
nfi
den
cet
o
t
ell
thes
tor
yan
daswe
llp
uti
tin
towr
iti
nga
ndd
rawi
ng.
Thec
hil
dre
nar
ebu
il
tonh
owt
owr
iteb
y
mo
del
i
nge
xpe
rt’
swr
iteu
pi.
ech
oic
eofwo
rds
,ph
ras
es,
con
str
uct
iono
fse
nte
nce
ssp
ell
i
nge
.t.
c.

ST
EPST
OFOL
LOWT
OBUI
LDCONF
IDE
NCEI
NAY
OUNGWRI
TER:
-
a
.Mo
tiv
ati
on:
chi
l
dre
nwr
iteb
estwh
ent
heya
remo
tiv
ate
dwi
thap
urp
osea
nda
udi
enc
efo
rth
e
wr
iti
ng.
Ima
gin
ati
onmu
stl
eadt
oth
emo
tiv
ati
ont
owr
ite
.
b
.Gi
vi
ngt
hec
hil
dre
nop
por
tun
ityt
oex
pre
sst
hems
elv
esb
yte
ll
in
gst
ori
eso
fth
eirf
avo
rit
eso
r
r
ete
lls
tor
iesa
ndr
eco
untt
hei
rex
per
ien
ce.
c
.En
cou
rag
ingc
hil
dre
nre
-en
act
ingad
rama
,dr
ess
ingu
p,c
onv
ert
ingt
her
ole
-pl
ay,d
isc
uss
ing
c
har
act
err
ole
,se
est
ori
esa
reb
uil
tupa
ndc
onc
lud
ed.
d
.En
cou
rag
eth
ech
il
dre
nar
ran
geo
rha
vec
oll
ect
iveo
rpr
int
eda
ndh
and
wri
tte
nte
xtsi
nva
rie
ty
o
fsi
tua
tio
nse
.g.
sto
rie
s,p
oems
,rh
yme
s,n
ote
sre
gis
ter
s,l
abe
l,s
ign
,no
tic
es,l
ett
ers
,fo
rm
l
i
sts
,di
rec
tio
ns,
adv
ert
ise
men
tan
dne
wsp
ape
r.
e
.Us
eofl
ang
uag
esi
nst
ori
esl
i
keo
nceu
ponat
ime
..a
ndwewa
lke
dona
ndo
nun
til
….T
her
ewa
s
o
ncea………….
.
7T
IPSF
ORMOREE
FFE
CTI
VEWRI
TI
NGBYJE
FFGOI
NS
1
.Pr
act
icey
ourc
raf
t:
-Ge
tas
idet
imewr
itee
achd
ay.
Youc
an’
tbeb
ett
eri
fyo
udo
n’ts
howu
p.
i
.
e.T
alk
inga
bou
twr
iti
ngi
sno
twr
iti
ng.
Pla
nni
ngt
owr
itei
sno
tho
wtog
etb
ett
erb
utt
heo
nly
wa
ytog
etb
ett
eri
stoa
ctu
all
ydoi
t.
2.Ch
all
eng
eyo
urs
elf
:-l
ear
nin
gso
met
hin
gne
wev
eryd
ayi
.
e.wr
iti
nga
bou
tto
pict
hati
nte
res
tto
y
oub
utd
on’
tfo
rge
ttod
abb
lei
nne
wst
uffa
swe
ll
.Th
emo
rey
ous
tre
tchy
our
sel
f,t
hemo
re
y
oug
row.
3
.Bey
our
sel
f:t
ryt
odi
sco
very
ouro
rig
ina
lwr
iti
ngv
oic
e-f
ran
kly
,th
at’
swh
aty
oura
udi
enc
e
wa
ntst
oo.
Don
’tmo
del
you
rwi
ti
nga
fte
ran
oth
erwr
ite
r.
4.Do
n’twr
itel
i
kea
nid
iot
:-l
ear
nth
eba
sicg
ramma
rbyg
ett
inga
nML
A,AP
Ast
yle
boo
kbe
cau
se
t
hep
oin
tisn
ott
oar
ri
veb
utt
oat
temp
t.(
l
ear
nin
gru
les
,af
tera
llma
kesi
tea
sie
rtob
rea
k
t
heml
ate
r)
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

5
.St
arts
mal
l
:wi
thb
logo
raj
our
nal
,ar
tic
lesf
ors
omema
gaz
ine
san
daf
terc
ons
ide
rab
ook
s
tepb
yst
epb
uil
dco
nfi
den
ce.
6
.Do
n’tg
iveu
p:-wr
itee
ver
yda
ype
rse
ver
anc
epa
yso
ffa
slo
nga
swr
iti
ngi
syo
urd
rea
m,t
rea
tit
s
eri
ous
ly.
7
.Le
arnt
opi
tchy
ourp
iec
e:-b
utb
efo
rey
ouwr
iteap
iec
e,y
ous
hou
ldl
ear
ntop
itc
hpr
osp
ect
ive
p
ubl
i
she
rs(
boo
k,ma
gaz
ineo
rwe
bsi
te)
lea
rnt
hea
rto
fas
kin
g.
1
1SMARTT
IPSF
ORBRI
LLI
ANTWRI
TI
NGBYDE
ANRI
ECK
1
.HAVESOME
THI
NGT
OSAY
:-ma
keswr
iti
nge
asi
era
ndf
ast
er.
Whe
nyo
uha
ven
oth
ingt
osa
y,y
ou
a
ref
orc
edt
owr
ites
ent
enc
eth
ats
oun
dme
ani
ngf
ulb
utd
eli
vern
oth
ing
.
2.BESPE
CIF
IC:
-co
nsi
dert
wos
ent
enc
es
 I
gro
wlo
tso
ffl
owe
rsi
nmyb
acky
ard
.
 Ig
row3
4va
rie
tie
soff
lowe
rsi
nmyb
ack
yar
d,i
ncl
udi
ngp
ink
,co
nef
lowe
rs,p
urp
le
a
ste
rs,
yel
l
owd
ayl
i
li
es,
Sha
staDa
isi
esa
ndc
li
mbi
ngc
lema
tis
.
 Wh
ichi
smo
rei
nte
res
tin
gasat
opi
c?
 Wh
ichh
elp
syo
use
emyb
ook
?
3
.CH
OOSESI
MPL
EWORDS:
-wo
rdsl
i
kei
nst
eado
fut
il
iz
ewr
iteu
se,i
nst
eado
fcl
osep
rox
imi
ty
wr
iten
ear
,in
ste
ado
ffa
cil
i
tat
ewr
iteh
elp
,in
ste
ado
famo
untu
sef
or,i
nst
eado
fco
mme
nce
wr
ites
tar
t.
Not
e:u
sel
ong
erwor
dson
lyi
fyou
rme
ani
ngi
ssos
pec
if
icn
oot
herwor
dswi
l
ldo.
4.WRI
TESH
ORTSE
NTE
NCE
S:-a
sth
ese
nte
nce
sar
esh
ort
,soy
ourp
ara
gra
phss
hou
ldb
esh
ort
b
eca
usee
asi
ert
ore
ada
ndu
nde
rst
and
,toa
voi
dco
mpl
exi
tya
ndc
onf
usi
on.
5
.USET
HEACT
IVEVOI
CE:
-I
nEn
gli
sh,
rea
derp
ref
ert
heSVO(SUBJE
CTVE
RBOBJE
CT)s
ent
enc
es
s
equ
enc
ebe
cau
sep
ass
iv
ese
nte
nce
sbo
rep
eop
le.
6
.KE
EPPARAGRAPH
SSH
ORT
:Lo
oka
tan
yne
wsp
ape
ran
dno
tic
esh
ortp
ara
gra
phs
.Th
at’
sma
ke
r
ead
inge
asi
erb
eca
useo
urb
rai
nta
kei
nin
for
mat
ionb
ett
erwh
eni
tsb
rok
eni
ntos
mal
lch
unk
s.
7
.EL
IMI
NAT
EFL
UFFWORDS:
-Av
oidb
luf
fwo
rdsb
eca
uset
heya
rer
ath
ere
mpt
yan
dso
met
ime
sa
l
i
ttl
edi
str
act
ingwo
rdss
ucha
sve
ry,
li
ttl
ean
dra
the
r.
8
.Do
n’tr
amb
le.
9
. Do
n’tb
ere
dun
dan
torr
epe
aty
our
sel
f:
-ke
epwr
iti
ngt
hes
amet
hin
gov
era
ndo
vera
ndo
ver.
i
not
herwo
rdss
ays
ome
thi
ngo
ncer
ath
ert
hens
eve
ralt
ime
sbe
cau
sea
udi
enc
eca
ngot
o
s
lee
p
1
0.Do
n’to
verwr
ite
:al
way
spu
tyo
urr
ead
erf
ir
st.
Puty
our
sel
fi
nth
eba
ckg
rou
ndf
ocu
sont
he
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

me
ssa
ge.
1
1
.Ed
itr
uth
les
sl
y:
-sh
ort
en,d
ele
tea
ndr
ewr
itea
nyt
hin
gth
atd
oesn
ota
ddt
oth
eme
ani
ngi
t’
s
o
kayt
owr
itec
asu
als
tyl
ebu
tdo
n’ti
nj
ecte
xtr
awo
rdswi
tho
utg
oodr
eas
on.
T
oma
kei
tea
sie
r,b
rea
kyo
urwr
it
ingi
ntot
hre
est
eps
:-
i
. Wr
itet
hee
nti
ret
ext
.
i
i
. Se
tyo
urt
exta
sid
efo
raf
ewh
our
sord
ays
i
i
i. Re
tur
ntoy
ourt
extf
res
han
ded
it
I
MPORT
ANTSKI
LLSF
ORE
FFE
CTI
VEWRI
TI
NG(
COMP
OSI
TI
ON)
a
.Re
adt
het
itl
epr
ope
rly
.
b
.Us
eima
gin
ati
on.
c
.Wh
owi
l
lbemyr
ead
ero
rau
die
nce
d
.Pu
rpo
seo
fwr
iti
ng:
-na
rra
tiv
ede
scr
ipt
ive
,pe
rsu
asi
ve,
rec
oun
t,j
our
nal
e.t
.c.
e
.Us
ewr
ite
rto
olb
oxo
rus
eofa
rra
nge
r:-
i
. Us
eac
tio
nwo
rds
.
i
i
. Us
eawo
rdp
ict
ure
.
i
i
i. As
kaq
ues
tio
ntoma
ker
ead
ert
hin
k.
i
v. Us
eani
nte
res
tin
gfa
cts
.
v
. Us
eac
onv
ers
ati
ons
tyl
e.
f
. St
ruc
tur
e/s
tyl
e:b
egi
nni
ng/mi
ddl
e/e
nd
g
.Us
eoff
iv
e“w”
:-wh
en?Wh
ere
?Wh
at?Wh
y?An
dwh
o?T
oma
keal
i
sto
fwh
atwa
ntt
owr
ite
b
efo
rewr
iti
ng.
h
.Tr
ans
act
ion
alc
akeo
rco
nne
cti
vewo
rds
:-h
elp
sth
ere
ade
rfo
ll
owwh
ata
res
ayi
nge
.g.l
i
ke
t
ime
,af
terwh
il
e,o
nceat
ime
,atl
aste
.t.
c.
i
. Co
lou
rfu
lwo
rdsl
i
kev
erb
s,s
pec
if
icn
oun
s,a
dje
cti
vea
nda
dve
rb.
E.g
.lo
ok,
fee
l,s
mel
l
.
j
. Us
eoff
ig
ureo
fsp
eec
hli
ke:
-
P
ers
oni
fi
cat
ion(
i
.e.
giv
ingh
uma
ntr
aita
ndq
ual
i
tie
ston
onh
uma
nob
jec
tsa
sift
heyh
avea
bil
i
tie
s
t
oac
tli
keh
uma
nbe
ing
s)
E
.g.
i
. T
heSk
yswe
eps
.
i
. T
hec
arr
efu
sedt
ost
art
.
i
i
. St
arsl
ook
edd
owno
nsl
eep
yto
wn.
i
i
i. L
igh
tni
ngd
anc
eda
cro
sst
hes
ky.
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

i
v. T
hewi
ndh
owl
edi
nth
eni
ght
.
v
. Mya
lar
mcl
ocky
ell
satmet
oge
tou
tofb
ede
ver
ymo
rni
ng.
v
i. Myh
ous
eisaf
ri
endwh
opr
ote
ctme
.
v
ii
. T
hed
oorp
rot
est
eda
sito
pen
eds
lowl
y.
v
ii
i
. Myf
lowe
rwe
reb
egg
ingf
orwa
ter
i
x. T
hel
eav
eswa
vedi
nth
ewi
nd
k
.Us
eofd
ial
ogu
eint
hes
ent
enc
es.
Si
mil
eisaf
ig
ureo
fsp
eec
hth
atc
omp
are
stwod
if
fer
entt
hin
gsi
nani
nte
res
tin
gwa
y.E
.g.
i
. Sh
eisa
sin
noc
enta
sana
nge
l.
i
i
. Ou
rso
ldi
ersa
rea
sbr
avea
sli
ons
.
i
i
i. H
eisa
sfu
nnya
samo
nke
y.
i
v. T
hewa
terwe
llwa
sasd
rya
sab
one
.
v
. Asf
ata
sap
ig.
v
i. Ast
est
yasf
is
h.
v
ii
. St
ude
ntwa
sasb
usya
sbe
e

On
oma
top
oei
aist
heu
seo
fwo
rdst
hati
mit
atet
hes
oun
dsa
sso
cia
tedwi
tht
heo
bje
ctso
rac
tio
ns
t
heyr
efe
rtoe
.gb
uzz
,cl
ap,
ruf
fru
ff,
ooo
,cr
ack
,dr
ip,
rin
g,b
eep
,sp
lat
.

Al
l
ite
rat
ioni
sth
eco
nsp
icu
ousr
epe
tit
iono
fid
ent
ica
lin
iti
alc
ons
ona
nts
oun
dins
ucc
ess
iv
eorc
los
e.
E
.g.
i
. P
ete
rpi
cke
dap
ecko
fpi
ckl
edp
epp
ers
.
i
i
. Ag
oodc
ookc
oul
dco
oka
smu
chc
ook
iesa
sgo
odc
ookwh
oco
uldc
ookc
ook
ies
.
i
i
i. Sh
eeps
hou
lds
lee
pinas
hed
.
i
v. I
sawas
awt
hatc
oul
dou
tsa
wan
yot
hers
awI
eve
rsa
w.
v
. Bl
ackb
ugb
itab
igb
lac
kbe
ar.

Un
cle
arp
ron
ound
ete
cto
rsa
reu
sedt
ode
tec
tre
fer
enc
ema
kess
ent
enc
eco
nfu
sin
g,v
agu
e,a
nd
d
if
fi
cul
ttou
nde
rst
and
.De
ter
min
est
hep
ron
ouna
nda
nte
ced
ent
.Ap
ron
ounr
efe
rst
oan
ouna
nd
a
nte
ced
enti
sth
eno
unt
owh
icht
hep
ron
ounr
efe
rs(
oft
eni
t,t
his
,th
ato
rth
ey)
areu
sedt
ore
fert
o
mo
ret
hano
nea
nte
ced
enti
nse
nte
nce
.So
lvet
hee
rro
rist
ore
mov
eth
ehi
dde
nan
tec
ede
nto
r
r
eph
ras
eth
ese
nte
nce
.
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

Un
cle
arp
ron
ouna
nte
ced
enti
sun
cle
arb
eca
uset
her
ear
emu
lti
pl
eno
unst
hatap
ron
ounma
yre
fert
o
b
utb
eca
uset
hen
ount
hatt
hep
ron
ounr
efe
rtoh
asn
otb
eens
tat
ed.
Thi
sisa
lwa
ysc
ommo
nwh
en
wr
ite
rus
esf
ir
stp
ers
onp
lur
alp
ron
oun
s(i
e.We
,us
,ou
r,a
ndo
urs
)toi
mpl
yun
ityb
etwe
ent
hewr
ite
r
a
ndt
her
ead
ers
.(i
.
e.e
xce
sse
.g.“
whe
nGe
org
eWa
shi
ngt
onwa
sas
kedt
oru
nfo
rof
fi
ce,h
ein
iti
al
ly
r
efu
se”t
heo
nlyp
ron
ouni
s“h
e”wh
il
eth
erea
ret
won
oun
sint
hiss
ent
enc
e(“
Geo
rgeWa
shi
ngt
on(
he)
a
ndOf
fi
ce(
i
t)”
)th
iswi
l
lno
tca
usen
opr
obl
emf
orr
ead
erb
eca
usen
oex
ces
spr
ono
unf
ora
nte
ced
ent
n
oun.
I
den
tif
yi
nga
nda
ddr
ess
ingu
ncl
earp
ron
oun
san
dan
tec
ede
nts
.
a
.Wh
ata
rep
ron
oun
san
dan
tec
ede
nts
?Ap
ron
ouni
san
ywo
rdt
hats
tan
dsi
nfo
rap
rev
iou
sly
s
tat
edn
ouna
nda
nan
tec
ede
nti
swh
ate
vern
ounac
ert
ainp
ron
ounr
epr
ese
nts
.Us
ing
p
ron
ounh
elp
sma
kewr
iti
ngl
esswo
rdya
ndr
epe
tit
ive
,imp
rov
ings
tyl
ean
dex
pre
ssi
ngt
he
s
amei
nfe
werwo
rds
.Fo
rex
amp
le,ap
iec
eab
out“Ge
org
eWa
shi
ngt
on”t
hef
ir
stp
res
ide
nto
f
u
nit
eds
tat
e,d
oesn
otn
eedt
ore
pea
tth
isf
ul
lna
mee
ver
yti
mei
tap
pea
rs,b
utc
ani
nst
ead
r
efe
rtot
hea
nte
ced
ent“
Geo
rgeWa
shi
ngt
on”wi
tht
hep
ron
oun“
he”wh
enGe
org
e
Wa
shi
ngt
onwa
sas
kedt
oru
nof
fi
ce,
hei
ni
ti
al
lyr
efu
sed
.
T
hisa
rti
cl
ewi
l
ldi
scu
sst
ownc
ommo
nca
use
sofu
ncl
earp
ron
oun
san
dan
tec
ede
nts
/th
efi
rs
t
c
aus
eiswh
ent
her
ear
emu
lti
pl
epo
ssi
bl
ean
tec
ede
ntst
hatas
ing
lep
ron
ounc
oul
dre
fert
o
t
hes
eco
ndi
swh
enap
ron
ouni
sus
edi
nth
eab
sen
ceo
fan
yex
pli
ci
tan
tec
ede
nt.
Un
cle
ara
nte
ced
ent
sdu
etomu
lti
pl
epo
ssi
bl
ean
tec
ede
nts
,th
efi
rs
tan
dsi
mpl
ests
our
ceo
fun
cle
ar
a
nte
ced
ent
sisa
mbi
gui
tyd
uet
omu
lti
pl
epo
ssi
bl
ean
tec
ede
nts
.

T
YPE
SOFCRE
ATI
VET
EXT
(WRI
TI
NG)

PROGRE
SSI
ONI
NNARRAT
IVET
EXT
:-Na
rra
tiv
est
oryi
ste
ll
in
gan
dwr
iti
ngas
tor
yofwh
ath
app
ene
dat
ap
art
icu
lart
imeo
rdi
ff
ere
ntl
eve
lswh
icht
hea
imo
fna
rra
tio
nist
oma
ket
hel
i
ste
nero
rre
ade
r
r
esp
ondi
nap
art
icu
larwa
y.i
.
e.(
sad
,ho
rri
fyu
s,l
aug
hore
xci
ted
.Th
eyc
rea
tei
mag
ina
tiv
ewo
rdst
hat
c
anh
elpu
sun
der
sta
ndo
urs
elv
esa
ndt
het
hin
gsa
rou
ndu
san
dta
keu
sbe
yon
dou
rowne
xpe
rie
nce
s.
T
HEADVANT
AGEOFPROGRE
SSI
ONI
NNARRAT
IVEST
ORI
ES
i
. Na
rra
tiv
eisc
ent
ral
tol
ean
ing
.
i
i
. i
the
lpsy
ourc
hil
dre
ntod
eve
lopt
hei
run
der
sta
ndi
ngt
hro
ughma
kin
gups
tor
iesa
bou
t
wh
ath
ash
app
ene
dan
dwh
atmi
ghth
app
en.
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

i
i
i. Ch
il
dre
nus
ena
rra
tiv
est
ori
est
oor
gan
izet
hei
rid
eas
,st
ruc
tur
eth
eirt
hin
kin
gan
dth
eir
wr
iti
ng.
i
v. I
the
lpsi
nst
ory
tel
l
inga
nde
nha
nce
sth
eire
sse
nti
alwr
iti
ngs
kil
l
sfo
rch
il
dre
ninc
rea
tiv
e
a
ndi
mag
ina
tiv
ewa
y.
F
EAT
URE
SOFPROGRE
SSI
ONI
NNARRAT
IVE
T
EXTST
RUCT
URE
:-
i
. P
ers
ona
lop
eni
ng:
-th
atu
sua
ll
yin
clu
desi
ntr
odu
cin
gch
ara
cte
rsa
nds
ett
ing
.As
eri
es
o
fev
ent
sth
atb
uil
dup
.
i
i
. Bo
dyo
rmi
ddl
e:
-wh
ichi
nvo
lvec
omp
li
cat
ion
(s)a
ndr
esu
lti
nge
ven
t(i
.
e.t
hema
in
c
ont
ent
).
i
i
i. Co
ncl
usi
ono
ren
d:-r
eso
lut
iona
nde
ndi
ngo
fth
est
ori
es.
L
ANGUAGE
:-
I
nna
rra
tiv
ege
nre
sdi
ff
erc
anb
eor
alo
rwr
itt
enf
orm,wr
itt
eni
sfi
rs
tan
dth
irdp
ers
oni
npa
sto
r
p
res
entt
ens
e,c
har
act
erc
anb
ehu
mano
ran
ima
l,d
if
fer
ents
ign
alt
imel
i
kee
arl
yth
atmo
rni
ngl
ate
r
o
n,a
tth
atv
erymo
men
t.Na
rra
tora
ppl
ysu
spe
nsee
.gs
udd
enl
y,wi
tho
utwa
rni
ng.
Canu
sev
erb
sto
d
esc
rib
eac
tio
ns,
tho
ugh
tan
dfe
eli
ng.
Not
e:L
ang
uag
eef
fec
tsc
rea
tei
mpa
ctonr
ead
eri
sad
vis
edt
oal
way
sus
ead
ver
b,a
dje
cti
vesp
rec
ise
n
oun
s,e
xpr
ess
ivev
erb
s,me
tap
hor
s,s
imi
l
iese
.t.
c.
KNOWL
EDGEF
ORT
HEWRI
TER:
-
A.P
urp
oseo
fwr
ite
r’si
mpa
cto
fth
est
oryo
nth
ere
ade
risi
mpo
rta
nta
ndt
oac
hie
vet
hatwr
ite
r
mu
stp
lanb
efo
rewr
iti
ng.
Ens
uret
hata
lle
ven
tsl
eadt
owa
rdst
hee
ndi
ngb
yte
lla
ndr
ete
llt
he
s
tor
yor
all
ybe
for
ewr
iti
ng,
aft
erwr
iti
ngr
ere
adt
hec
omp
let
eds
tor
yal
oudt
oas
mal
lgr
oup
.
B.Re
cou
ntwr
iti
ng/t
ext
:-r
eco
unta
sth
ena
mea
ppl
i
eswr
iti
ngat
exto
fwh
ato
nee
nco
unt
ere
d
o
rcr
eat
eev
entb
yre
cou
nti
ngo
rre
tel
l
inge
ven
ts.
ADVANT
AGEOFRE
COUNTT
EXT
1
.Ist
heb
asi
cfo
rmo
fma
nys
tor
y-t
ell
i
ngt
ext
s.
2.I
nno
n-f
ic
tio
nte
xtt
heya
reu
sedt
ocr
eat
efa
ctu
ala
cco
unto
fev
ent
sei
the
rcu
rre
nto
r
h
ist
ori
cal
.
3
.Re
cou
ntc
anb
een
ter
tai
neda
ndi
nf
orma
tiv
eork
nowl
edg
eab
le.
4.I
the
lpst
hec
hil
dre
nli
ste
nto
,sp
eaka
ndwr
iter
eco
untt
ext
stoal
arg
err
ead
erso
rau
die
nce
s.

F
EAT
UREOFRE
COUNTT
EXT
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

ST
RUCT
URE
:-
 Re
cou
ntt
exto
fte
nst
art
swi
tho
rie
nta
tio
ns/o
pen
inge
.g.
Iwe
ntt
osu
per
mar
ket
 Se
con
dlye
ven
t/b
odyi
sal
way
sind
esc
rip
tiv
ede
tai
l
si.
e.mo
ree
lab
ora
tio
ne.
gIs
aws
hel
veso
f
b
ook
s.I
ti
swr
itt
eni
nth
epa
stt
ens
ewo
rds
.
 T
hir
dlyr
e-o
rie
nta
tio
n/c
los
ings
tat
eme
nte
ndi
ngmo
dee
.g.
whe
nIg
otb
ackI
tol
dmyf
ath
er….
.
L
ANGUAGEF
EAT
URE
S:-i
tisa
lwa
yswr
itt
eni
npa
stt
ens
einc
hro
nol
ogi
cal
ord
eru
sin
gco
nne
cti
vet
hat
s
ign
alst
imee
.g.
“th
en”
,“n
ext
”,“
aft
er”
,“me
anwh
il
e”a
ndf
ocu
sedo
nin
div
idu
alo
rgr
oupp
art
ici
pan
ts
e
.g.
inf
ir
stp
ers
on(
I
,we
,)o
rth
irdp
ers
on(
he,
she
,th
ey)
.
KNOWL
EDGEOFT
HEWRI
TER:
-Wr
ite
rmu
sth
avee
nou
ghd
eta
il
stor
eco
untb
yus
ings
pec
if
icn
ame
sof
p
eop
le,
pla
ce,
obj
ect
se.
t.
can
dpi
cki
ngi
nci
den
tst
hatwi
l
lamu
sei
nte
res
tth
ere
ade
rora
udi
enc
e.
T
hewr
ite
rmu
ste
nsu
rewr
itea
sift
ell
i
ngs
tor
yofwh
ath
app
ene
dbyp
lan
nin
g,t
hin
kin
g,d
rawi
nga
nd
u
sin
gwo
rds
(Wh
en?,
Who
?,Wh
ere
?Wh
at?An
dwh
y?)f
in
all
yth
een
dmu
stb
esu
mma
riz
edo
rco
mme
nt
o
nth
eev
ent
s.
Not
e:Re
cou
ntt
extc
anb
eus
edwi
thot
herofc
omb
ine
dwi
thot
hert
ypeoft
ext
sde
pen
din
gont
he
n
atu
reofr
ead
erora
udi
enc
e.

I
NST
RUCT
IONAL
/PROCE
DURALT
EXT
SOFWRI
TI
NG:
-Asn
amea
ppl
i
esi
nst
ruc
tio
n,ma
nua
l,r
ule
sof
p
roc
edu
reswi
tho
bje
cti
vest
oac
hie
ves
ome
thi
ngd
onec
orr
ect
lya
nds
ucc
ess
ful
out
come
.
Ad
van
tag
e:
 I
tgi
vest
hec
hil
dre
nop
por
tun
ityt
oco
mbi
nei
nst
ruc
tio
nal
tex
twi
tho
the
rte
xtb
yap
pea
rin
g
p
ict
ori
alf
ormr
ath
ert
hant
extb
ase
d.
 I
tgi
vec
hil
dre
nea
syu
nde
rst
and
ingo
fICT
,de
sig
nan
dte
chn
olo
gy.
 T
het
itl
e–s
tep
s–o
utc
omeh
elp
sora
idsc
hil
dre
nun
der
sta
ndt
het
extf
ast
er.
F
EAT
URE
SOFI
NST
RUCT
IONAL
/PROCE
DURALT
EXT
ST
RUCT
URE
:-H
aveag
oal
ora
imt
obea
chi
eve
d,ma
ter
ial
/eq
uip
men
tne
ede
dar
eli
ste
dino
rde
rwi
th
s
equ
enc
eds
tep
stoa
chi
eveg
oal
mos
tlyi
ndi
agr
amo
ril
l
ust
rat
ion
.

L
ANGUAGE
:-
(
a)Of
tenu
seo
fco
mma
ndi
ngv
erb(
i
mpe
rat
ive
)
(
b)I
ti
sch
ron
olo
gic
alo
rde
re.
g.f
ir
st,
nex
t
(
c)Us
eofn
umb
ers
,al
pha
bet
,bu
ll
etp
oin
t,p
ict
ure
s,d
iag
ram,
col
ourt
osi
gna
lor
der
.
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

(
d)Us
eofa
dve
rba
nda
dje
cti
vesf
orp
rec
isi
on.
E.g
.me
asu
rec
are
ful
l
y.
(
e)F
ocu
sont
heg
ene
ral
i
zedh
uma
nag
entr
ath
ert
hann
ame
din
div
idu
als
KNOWL
EDGEOFT
HEWRI
TER:
-Wr
ite
rsh
oul
dbec
lea
rab
outwh
ati
sne
ede
dan
dwh
att
obed
oneb
efo
re
wr
iti
ngi
nst
ruc
tio
nswh
ichi
semb
odi
edo
nth
eti
tl
e.
Not
e:
1
.Th
eti
tl
esh
oul
dex
pla
inwh
att
hei
nst
ruc
tion
sar
eab
out
:-e
.g.
usi
ngh
owt
o….
Orh
owt
opl
ay
c
ric
ket
.
2.Ma
key
ourwr
iti
ngf
ri
end
li
erb
yus
ing“
you
”ormor
efor
mal
byj
ustg
ivi
ngor
der
.
3.T
ant
ali
zet
her
ead
er.
E.g
.Ha
vey
oue
verb
eenb
ore
d,we
llt
hisg
amewi
l
l….
.
.
4.Dr
awt
hei
nwi
ths
omes
ell
i
ngp
oin
tse
.g.
thi
si
sga
mee
ver
yon
elov
es….
.
.
5
.Ma
kei
nst
ruc
tion
ssou
nde
asye
.g.
youa
reon
lyf
ours
imp
les
tep
sawa
y……….
6
.Fi
nal
l
y,a
sky
our
sel
fwh
eth
ers
omea
rewh
okn
owsn
oth
inga
bou
tth
isc
oul
dsu
cce
ssf
ull
yus
e
y
ouri
nst
ruc
tion
s.

PROGRE
SSI
ONI
NINF
ORMAT
IONT
EXT
S:-T
ext
sisu
sin
gre
sea
rchs
kil
l
san
dcr
eat
ingi
nf
orma
tio
n.T
he
r
ese
arc
hca
nbec
ros
scu
rri
cul
arl
i
nkst
ore
fl
ectd
ive
rsi
ty.
ADVANT
AGE
SOFPROGRE
SSI
ONI
NINF
ORMAT
IONT
EXT
S
1
.Ith
elp
sth
ech
il
dre
ntod
ive
rsei
ntoo
the
rsc
opeo
fle
arn
ingt
hei
rwr
iti
ngo
nre
sea
rcho
utc
ome
.
2.I
the
lpst
hec
hil
dre
nha
vec
ros
scu
rri
cul
arl
i
nkst
oot
hers
ubj
ect
s.
3
.Th
ema
tri
xsh
owsp
rog
res
si
vel
ywh
atc
hil
dre
nca
ndoi
nde
pen
den
tlya
tth
een
doft
hey
ear
.
4.Op
por
tun
ityt
oex
pre
sst
hems
elv
eso
ral
anda
tte
mptb
efo
reb
eena
ske
dtop
uti
ntowr
iti
ng.
PE
RSONAL
T
hea
reao
fre
sea
rchs
kil
l
sha
sfi
vei
nte
r-r
ela
tedc
omp
one
nts
:-
1
. De
ter
min
ingt
hee
xis
tin
gkn
owl
edg
eba
sea
nds
pec
if
ica
reao
fre
sea
rch
.
2.So
urc
inga
nde
val
uat
ingt
her
efe
ren
cema
ter
ial
s.
3
.Us
inga
lph
abe
tic
all
yor
der
edma
ter
ial
s.
4.L
oca
tin
gth
ein
for
mat
ionwi
thi
nth
eid
ent
if
ic
ati
onp
ageo
nsc
ree
n.
5
.No
tema
kin
g.
F
EAT
URE
SOFPROGRE
SSI
ONI
NINF
ORMAT
IONT
EXT
S
ST
RUCT
URE
:-
a
.Te
xth
avet
itl
e
b
.In
tro
duc
tio
n(i
.
ety
pes
)
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

c
.Ca
teg
ori
es
d
.Ex
pla
nat
ory
:-wh
oin
ven
ted
,wh
en,
howe
.t.
c
e
.Gi
vesi
nf
orma
tio
none
achc
ate
gor
ies
L
ANGUAGE
:-
a
.Si
mpl
epr
ese
nta
tio
n.
b
.Ve
rb.
c
.Il
l
ust
rat
ionwi
thp
ict
ure
s.
d
.Cl
eare
xpl
ana
tio
ns.
KNOWL
EDGEOFWRI
TER:
-
Wr
ite
rmu
sth
aver
ese
arc
hedwh
ole
lyt
oen
sur
ecl
ari
fi
cat
ioni
nex
pla
nat
iono
fti
tl
ean
dca
teg
ori
est
o
t
hea
udi
enc
ean
dre
ade
rfo
rth
eai
mtob
eac
hie
ve.
F
ina
ll
yen
dso
rco
ncl
udewi
thg
los
sar
y/i
nte
res
tin
gco
mme
nts
.

PROGRE
SSI
ONI
NEXPL
ANAT
ORYT
EXT
E
xpl
ana
tio
nte
xti
son
ewh
ichap
roc
essi
sbe
inge
xpl
ai
ned
,no
tju
std
esc
rib
ed.I
tge
ner
all
yan
swe
rs
“
how”a
nd“
why
”qu
est
ion
san
din
clu
desc
aus
es,
mot
ive
sorr
eas
ons
.I
tca
nino
the
rtwo
rds
aidt
obe“
a
r
epo
rtwi
tho
utr
eas
onsa
tta
che
d.T
hise
xpl
ana
tor
yte
xtc
anb
eco
mbi
nedwi
tho
the
rty
peo
fte
xts
.
F
EAT
URE
SOFPROGRE
SSI
ONI
NEXPL
ANAT
ORYT
EXT
St
ruc
tur
e:-
(
a)I
ntr
odu
cet
het
opi
c.
(
b)I
ntr
odu
cti
on.
(
c)Se
rie
sofl
ogi
cal
ste
pse
xpl
ai
ni
ngh
owo
rwh
yso
met
hin
goc
cur
s(p
roc
ess
)
(
d)St
epsc
ont
inu
eun
tilt
hef
in
als
tat
epr
odu
cedo
rex
pla
nat
ioni
sco
mpl
ete
dan
dma
ssa
gei
s
p
ass
edt
ore
ade
rora
udi
enc
e
L
ang
uag
e:-
(
a)Wr
itt
eni
nsi
mpl
epr
ese
ntt
ens
e
(
b)Us
eofc
onn
ect
ivewo
rdst
hats
ign
alt
imee
.g.
the
n,n
ext
,mo
nth
s,l
ate
r
(
c)Us
eofc
aus
alc
onn
ect
ivee
.g.
bec
aus
e,s
o,t
hisc
aus
es.
Kn
owl
edg
eoft
hewr
ite
r:-
(
1)Us
eoft
itl
etos
howwh
atwr
it
inga
bou
t,d
eci
dewh
eat
herd
iag
ram,c
har
tso
ril
l
ust
rat
ion
e
xpl
ai
nbe
tte
r.
(
2)Us
eofh
owa
ndwh
ytoma
ker
ead
eru
nde
rst
andb
ett
er.
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

(
3)Us
efi
rs
tpa
rag
rap
htoi
ntr
odu
cey
ours
ubj
ectt
oth
ere
ade
r.
(
4)Or
gan
izet
hewr
iti
nga
ndi
l
lus
tra
tio
ntoe
xpl
ai
n:
-wh
aty
oun
eed
,ho
witwo
rks
,wh
yitwo
rks
(
cau
sesa
nde
ffe
cts
),wh
ena
ndwh
ati
two
rksa
ndwh
ati
sus
edf
or.
(
5)I
ntr
est
ingi
nf
orma
tio
nan
dex
cla
mat
iona
dde
de.
g.b
ewa
re…….
(
6)E
ndb
yre
lat
ings
ubj
ectt
oth
ere
ade
ran
dgl
oss
aryma
ybea
dde
d.
(
7)T
ryt
ore
rea
dyo
ure
xpl
ana
tio
ntos
tra
nge
rtof
in
dou
tift
hes
ubj
ecti
scl
ear
.
P
rog
res
si
oni
ndi
scu
ssi
ont
ext
:-
Di
scu
ssi
ont
exti
sbo
tho
rala
ndwr
itt
enwh
ichi
nvo
lves
tra
teg
ica
ll
yse
lec
tin
gan
dor
gan
izi
ng
i
nf
orma
tio
n,s
inc
eof
tent
woo
rmo
red
if
fer
entv
iewso
rar
gume
ntso
nani
ss
ueo
rto
picwh
ichn
eed
s
e
xpl
ana
tio
n,e
vid
enc
eore
xamp
leswi
tha
imo
fpr
ovi
di
ngt
her
ead
ero
rau
die
ncewi
thar
eas
one
d
o
ver
vi
ewt
hewr
ite
rma
yco
ncl
udeb
ypr
ese
nti
ngh
iso
rhe
rse
lfo
wnv
iewb
yth
isma
yber
eas
ono
nth
e
b
asi
sofb
ala
nceo
rav
ail
abl
eev
ide
nceb
yre
ade
rora
udi
enc
e.
Ad
van
tag
es
1
. Di
scu
ssi
ont
extg
ene
ral
l
yma
kesu
soff
orma
lan
dimp
ers
ona
lla
ngu
aget
ode
mon
str
ate
o
bje
cti
vi
ty.
2.I
tca
nco
mbi
neo
the
rmo
deso
fco
mmu
nic
ati
ono
fte
n(v
is
ual
ima
ges
,di
agr
ame
.t.
c)
3
.Itg
ive
sch
il
dre
nop
por
tun
ityt
oex
pre
sst
hems
elv
esa
ndo
ver
vi
ewt
hei
rwr
itt
enp
oin
tswi
th
b
ack
upe
vid
enc
e.
4.Di
scu
ssi
ont
exti
sno
tal
sol
i
mit
edt
oco
ntr
ove
rsi
ali
ss
ueswh
ichma
kei
tea
sie
rtoh
and
le.
F
eat
ure
s
St
ruc
tur
e:-
(
a)I
tha
ves
tat
eme
nto
fth
eis
sue(
top
ic)
andp
rev
iewo
fth
ema
ina
rgu
men
ts.
(
b)I
tar
gume
ntsmu
sth
aves
upp
ort
inge
vid
enc
e.
(
c)Ar
gume
ntsa
gai
nst(
al
ter
nat
ivev
iews
)an
dsu
ppo
rti
nge
vid
enc
eie(
arg
ume
ntsa
ndc
oun
ter
a
rgu
men
ts)
pre
sen
teda
lte
rna
tiv
ely
,on
epo
inta
tat
ime
.
(
d)Re
comme
nda
tio
n:-s
umma
rya
ndc
onc
lus
ion
L
ang
uag
e:-
(
a)Wr
itt
eni
nsi
mpl
epr
ese
ntt
ens
e.
(
b)F
ocu
sedo
nhu
mano
rno
nhu
man
(
c)P
art
ici
pan
tus
ingu
nco
unt
abl
eno
uns
.E.
g.mo
st,
some
,ca
teg
orya
ndn
oune
.g.
car
s,p
oll
uti
on.
(
d)Co
nst
ruc
tedu
sin
glo
gic
al,
con
nec
tiv
ese
.g.
the
ref
ore
,ho
wev
er,
lat
e
(
e)Mo
veme
ntf
romg
ene
ricwo
rdst
oth
esp
eci
fi
cwo
rds
.
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

Kn
owl
edg
efo
rth
ewr
ite
r
1
.Yo
uca
ntu
rnt
het
itl
ein
toaq
ues
tio
nta
g.“
sho
uldweh
untwh
ale
s?”
2.Op
enb
yin
tro
duc
ingt
oth
ere
ade
rtot
hed
isc
uss
ion-y
ouma
yne
eedt
oad
dwh
yyo
uar
e
d
eba
tin
gth
eis
sue
.
3
.Tr
ytos
eet
hea
rgu
men
tfr
omb
oths
ide
s.
4.Ma
kev
iewss
oun
dre
aso
nab
lewi
thu
seo
fmo
dal
ver
bsa
ndwo
rdss
ucha
sof
ten
,us
ual
l
y.
5
.Su
ppo
rtv
iewswi
thr
eas
onsa
nde
vid
enc
e.
6
.Iny
ourc
onc
lus
iony
oumu
stg
iver
eas
onsf
orwh
aty
oud
eci
ded
.
7
.Ify
oua
ret
ryi
ngt
opr
ese
ntab
ala
ncev
iewp
oin
t,c
hec
kyo
uha
veb
eenf
ai
rtob
oths
ide
s
8
.Di
scu
ssi
ont
extc
anb
ead
opt
edo
rco
mbi
nedwi
tho
the
rte
xtst
ips
.
Ad
dit
ion
alwr
iti
ngst
ofl
avo
rth
epr
ogr
ess
iont
exto
verme
nti
one
d.
a
.Us
ingd
iag
rams
:La
bel
sonp
ict
ure
sord
iag
ramsc
anb
ehe
lpe
xpl
ai
nth
ing
smo
rec
lea
rly
.Ho
w
h
elp
ful
lab
elo
npi
ctu
re.
b
.Us
ech
ara
cte
rsi
nst
ori
es:
-ch
ara
cte
rsi
nst
oryl
i
nee
nab
lesr
ead
ert
oge
tcl
ari
fi
cat
ion
san
d
a
voi
dov
eru
seo
fpr
ono
uni
nwr
it
ing
.Itg
ive
sth
ere
ade
rora
udi
enc
etob
epa
rto
fth
est
ory
-
l
i
neda
ndt
hei
rro
lesc
anb
ere
-pl
aye
d.
c
.Wr
iti
ngd
ial
ogu
e:i
nap
iec
eofwr
iti
ngo
rte
xtu
seo
fdi
al
ogu
eins
tor
yli
nema
kesr
ead
ero
r
a
udi
enc
eha
ved
eep
eri
nte
res
t.Di
al
ogu
eist
hewo
rdst
hata
res
pok
enwh
enp
eop
leh
avea
c
onv
ers
ati
on.
Mos
tti
med
ial
ogu
eisi
l
lus
tra
tedwi
thd
iag
ram/p
ict
ureo
fth
ech
ara
cte
ran
dbo
x
-
arr
owp
oin
tin
gtoo
rfr
omi
l
lus
tra
tio
n.
d
.Wr
iti
ngs
tor
yen
ds:
int
ere
sti
ngp
arto
fat
exti
sho
witb
eeni
ntr
odu
ced
,ma
inc
ont
extp
ass
age
a
ndmo
sti
mpo
rta
ntl
yite
ndi
nge
xpe
cto
fit
.Mo
stt
extd
on’
tal
way
sco
ncl
udeo
ren
d
c
rea
tiv
ely
,ma
kin
gth
ewh
olet
exth
ango
nth
eai
r.
Thewr
ite
r’sp
urp
oseo
rai
mmu
stb
e
d
ete
rmi
nedb
yin
tro
duc
tio
ntot
hes
tor
yan
dgu
essh
owi
tmi
ghte
nd.
Thee
ndi
ngwh
ichi
s
wr
ite
r’sp
urp
osec
anb
eex
cit
ing
,un
exp
ect
ed,
hap
py,
sad
,my
ste
rio
use
.t.
c

WRI
TI
NGMY
THANDL
EGE
NDT
HEME
S
Wr
iti
ngmy
tha
ndl
ege
ndsa
reu
sua
ll
ygo
ds,
demi
god
sle
gen
dsg
ene
ral
l
yfe
atu
reh
uma
nsa
sth
eirma
in
c
har
act
ers
.Wh
iche
ver
ycu
ltu
reh
avei
tsmy
thsa
ndl
ege
ndswh
ichi
ssi
mil
ari
nwh
olewo
rld
.
P
ERSONAL
:-
F
orme
rlyt
het
erml
ege
ndme
antat
alea
bou
tas
ain
torl
ege
ndr
ese
mbl
efo
lkt
ale
sinc
ont
ento
r
e
leme
ntso
fmy
tho
log
yore
xpl
ana
tio
nofn
atu
ral
phe
nome
nonb
utt
heya
rea
sso
cia
tedwi
tha
 Cr
eat
ivewr
iti
ngb
yTh
omp
sonDa
re

p
art
icu
larl
oca
li
tyo
rpe
rso
nan
dto
lda
sama
tte
rofh
ist
oryo
rle
gen
dar
eke
ype
opl
e.
MY
TH:
-i
sama
deu
pst
oryt
hate
xpl
ai
nst
hee
xis
ten
ceo
fan
atu
ral
phe
nome
nons
ucha
swh
eret
hun
der
c
ome
sfr
omo
rwh
ysn
owf
al
lsf
romt
hes
ky.
OR
I
nli
ter
atu
re,AMY
THi
sat
rad
iti
ona
lst
ory
,wh
ichma
yde
scr
ibet
heo
rig
ino
fth
ewo
rldo
rpe
opl
eor
t
ypi
cal
l
yan
cie
nts
tor
yde
ali
ngwi
ths
upe
rna
tur
alb
ein
gs,a
nce
sto
rs,o
rhe
roe
sth
ats
erv
esa
sa
f
und
ame
nta
lty
pei
nth
ewo
rld
vie
wofap
eop
le.
P
urp
ose
:-
1
.Iti
sana
tte
mptt
oex
pla
inmy
ste
rie
s,s
upe
rna
tur
ale
ven
ts,a
ndc
ult
ura
ltr
adi
ti
onso
rgi
ve
a
cco
untf
ort
heo
rig
ino
fso
met
hin
g.
2.My
thr
epr
ese
ntsr
eal
i
tyi
ndr
ama
ticwa
yse
.g.
Gre
ekmy
th,
Her
cul
es,
Had
es,
Ach
il
le
se.
t.
c.
3
.Ex
pla
insa
spe
ctso
fth
ena
tur
alwo
rld
,it
sps
ych
olo
gy,
cus
tomso
rid
eal
sofs
oci
ety
.
4.I
tco
nve
ysat
rut
htot
hos
ewh
ote
lli
tan
dhe
ari
t.T
hati
smy
thi
sre
cor
din
gac
cou
nto
fac
tua
l
e
ven
ts.
5
.Th
eyh
aveb
eco
met
ran
sfo
rme
dbys
ymb
oli
cme
ani
ngo
rsh
if
tedi
nti
meo
rpl
ace
s.
6
.My
tha
reu
sedt
oex
pla
inh
owu
niv
ers
alo
rlo
calb
egi
nni
ngo
rcr
eat
ioni
nvo
lve
ssu
per
nat
ura
l
b
ein
gs,
tot
hec
ult
urei
nwh
icht
heys
urv
iv
easl
onga
sth
eyd
ofo
rth
ous
and
sofy
ear
s.
L
ege
ndi
sat
rad
iti
ona
lta
lel
and
edd
ownf
rome
arl
i
ert
imeb
utwi
l
lco
nti
nuet
oev
olv
ewi
tht
imewi
th
h
ist
ori
cal
inn
atu
reb
utwi
tho
uts
ubs
tan
tia
tio
ne.
g.Ki
ngAr
thu
r,Ro
binH
ood
,Ki
ngRi
cha
rd
OR
Al
ege
ndi
sas
emi
-t
rues
tor
y,wh
ichh
asb
eenp
ass
edo
nfr
omp
ers
ont
ope
rso
nan
dha
simp
ort
ant
me
ani
ngo
rsy
mbo
li
smf
ort
hec
ult
urei
nwh
ichi
tor
igi
nat
es.
Ale
gen
dus
ual
l
yin
clu
desa
nel
eme
nto
f
t
rut
hori
sba
sedo
nhi
sto
ricf
act
s,b
utwi
thmy
thi
cal
qua
li
ti
es.
Itu
sua
ll
yin
vol
vesh
ero
icc
har
act
erso
r
f
ant
ast
icp
lac
esa
ndo
fte
nen
comp
asst
hes
pir
itu
alb
eli
ef
soft
hec
ult
urei
nwh
icht
heyo
rig
ina
te.