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 JOURNALISM 7
Name of Learner: Grade Level:
Section: Score:

LEARNING ACTIVITY SHEET

PRINCIPLES OF JOURNALISM

Background Information for Learners

DepEd starts monthlong ‘remote enrollment’ on June 1 amid COVID-19 pandemic

Having read this headline of a current newspaper article, watched the news on television,
or heard it broadcast on the radio, you are actually dealing with the forms of journalism.

You also have learned in your previous lesson that journalism is the act of gathering and
presenting news and information. This term also refers to the news and information itself. It's
important to notice the variety of information media today. The news and information can be
presented in many different ways, including articles, reports, broadcasts, or even tweets.
Behind this act are five core principles that must be followed accordingly among the
hundreds of codes of conduct, charters and statements made by media and professional groups.

1. Truth and Accuracy

Journalists cannot always guarantee ‘truth’, but getting the facts right is the cardinal
principle of journalism.
2. Independence
Journalists must be independent voices; they should not act, formally or informally, on
behalf of special interests whether political, corporate or cultural.
3. Fairness and Impartiality
Most stories have at least two sides. While there is no obligation to present every side in
every piece, stories should be balanced and add context.
4. Humanity
Journalists should do no harm.
5. Accountability
A sure sign of professionalism and responsible journalism is the ability to be accountable.

Learn more about them by doing all the exercises below.

Learning Competency

Share views about the principles of journalism (SPJ7PTJ-Ib-5)

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Exercise 1. WHAT DO YOU MEAN?
Directions: Complete the crossword by filling in a word defined or described by each clue.
4

3
5
1

7
6

Across:
1. freedom from outside control or support
3. treating or affecting all equally
6. answerability, blameworthiness, and liability

Down:
2. compassionate, sympathetic, or generous behavior
4. proposition or value that is a guide for behavior
5. free from errors
7. the basic and most important part of something

Exercise 2. FACT OR FAKE

Directions: Read each statement carefully. Tell whether the statement is fact or fake. Draw a
happy emoticon for a factual statement and a sad emoticon for a fake one on the blank
provided before the number. Copy and answer the exercise in your notebook.
1. Journalists should only have the five core principles to obey and disregard the rest
of the codes of conduct.
2. Journalism’s first obligation is to the truth.
3. Stories should be balanced and free from incorrect data.
4. Readiness to correct committed mistakes means accountability.
5. If a journalist is aware of what depth of impact the published words and
photographs will have on the people’s lives, humanity is there.
6. Journalism is in support of anyone’s side and involved in different parties.
7. Journalism is always confined to the news media and/or to news itself.
8. Independence of spirit and mind, rather than neutrality, is the principle journalists
must keep in focus.

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Exercise 3. PROBE IT
Directions: The following are excerpts from the two different news publications in the
Philippines. Read and study the news articles about the case of the Rappler CEO and executive
editor. After reading, answer the questions that follow.
Palace says Ressa’s conviction due to ‘bad journalism’
Published June 17, 2020, 12:57 PM
By Genalyn Kabiling

Journalists should observe due diligence and fact check their stories after the cyber libel
conviction of Rappler head Maria Ressa indicated a case of “bad journalism,” Malacañang said
on Wednesday.

Presidential spokesman Harry Roque appealed for responsible journalism after a Manila court
found Ressa guilty of violating the country’s law on cyber libel.

The court ruling on Ressa and former writer Reynaldo Santos Jr. was in connection with a
complaint filed by businessman Wilfredo Keng over an alleged defamatory article.

“You have to be careful with what you report. You have to observe professionalism, at most,
diligence, in reporting only the truth. You have to fact check,” Roque said over ANC’s Headstart
program when asked about the implication of the 12-year prescriptive period of cyber libel on
journalists and other people posting online.

https://news.mb.com.ph/2020/06/17/palace-says-ressas-conviction-due-to-bad-journalism/

Media law experts: SC can clarify ‘online republication’

By: HYPERLINK "https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/byline/mariejo-s-ramos" Mariejo S. Ramos -
HYPERLINK "https://www.twitter.com/@inquirerdotnet" @inquirerdotnet
HYPERLINK "https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/source/philippine-daily-inquirer" Philippine Daily
Inquirer / 04:56 AM June 17, 2020

MANILA, Philippines — As the cyberlibel conviction of Rappler CEO and executive editor
Maria Ressa and former researcher Reynaldo Santos Jr. raised questions about the nuances of the
cybercrime law, media law pundits said the principles of prescription and republication online
remained a legal gray area that could be taken up by a higher court.

“The legal issue will be what is republication in the online sense, because the article was
published in 2012 and it’s been there since 2012, but when the article was edited in 2014, was
that already republication? ” said Sandra Olaso-Coronel, who teaches at the University of the
Philippines (UP) College of Law.
“That’s another issue that will be determined by the Supreme Court,” she said.
Olaso-Coronel said Ressa’s case could be an opportunity for the Supreme Court to finally
address the provisions of cyberlibel that had remained vague.

https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1292754/media-law-experts-sc-can-clarify-online-
republication

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1. Who are convicted of cyberlibel case?

2. How did they commit the said violation?

3. What core principle/s do you think was/were not considered by the Rappler CEO and
researcher in writing the article? Explain your answer.

4. Are the writers of these June 17, 2020 issues published by the two leading news publications
in the Philippines bias? If yes, in what way?

5. Do they have similar presentation of data? How do they differ?

Exercise 4. WHAT IS NOT RIGHT?

Directions: Here is another to check. Below are the frontpage images of the Philippine
broadsheets which are the Philippine Daily Inquirer (PDI), Manila Bulletin and The Philippine
Star. Read and observe the banner headlines and answer the questions that follow.

Image from: https://coconuts.co/manila/news/look-headlines-three-leading-newspapers/

1. Those three banner headlines are referring to only one person named Mary Jane Veloso,
30 years old - a condemned Filipina maid whose plight has captivated the nation. Which of the
three do you think has a forthright assumption of Veloso’s scheduled execution? Explain your
answer.

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2. Which two were more careful in writing their headlines? Explain.

3. Among the three newspapers, which had the safest headline? Explain.

4. Do you think the newspaper which had the forthright assumption of Jane Veloso’s
execution did not follow the core principles of Journalism? If yes, name them and explain why.

Exercise 5. JOURN CORE PRINCIPLES DETECTIVES

Directions: Clip three news articles from the old newspapers or search for three online published
articles. Using the table below, evaluate the clipped or searched articles by checking the column
of principles present in each of them.

News Truth and Independence Fairness and Humanity Accountability

Articles Accuracy Impartiality
1
2
3

Exercise 6. SHARE IT!

Directions: Having learned the five core principles, read and evaluated news articles, it’s high
time to share your view or opinion about them in your own words. Write a one-paragraph
opinion on each of the principles. Emphasize their importance in the world of journalism. Then
after writing, get ready to share it by posting on your facebook account as a campaign promoting
responsible journalism. Have a catchy caption or title of your post following the format below.
1. Truth and Accuracy

2. Independence

3. Fairness and Impartiality

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4. Humanity

5. Accountability

Performance Task Rubric

Component 4 3 2 1

Content Shows a full Shows a good Shows a good Does not

understanding of understanding of understanding of seem to
the topic the topic parts of the topic understand
the topic very
well
Vocabulary Uses vocabulary Uses vocabulary Uses vocabulary Uses several
appropriate for appropriate for appropriate for the (5 or more)
the audience. the audience. audience. Does words or
Extends audience Includes 1-2 not include any phrases that
vocabulary by words that might vocabulary that are not
defining words be new to most of might be new to understood
that might be new the audience but the audience. by the
to most of the does not define audience.
audience. them.
Grammar Language Language Language There is a
structures are structures are structures are used very high
used correctly used correctly correctly proportion of
most of the time. three quarters of approximately grammatical
the time. half of the time. errors.
Quality Made in an Made in an Had little style. Had no style.
extraordinary style. interesting style.

Very informative Somewhat Gives some new Gives no new

and well organized. informative and information but information
well organized. poorly organized. and very
poorly
organized.
Reflection:

In these activities I have learned that

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References
Image source:

https://coconuts.co/manila/news/look-headlines-three-leading-newspapers/ Date retrieved:

June 18, 2020 2:00 p.m.

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Face-smile.svg/1024px-Face-
smile.svg.png/ Date retrieved: June 18, 2020 2:10 p.m.

https://cdn.pixabay.com/photo/2017/08/15/12/58/emoticon-2643814_960_720.jpg/Date
retrieved: June 18, 2020 2:10 p.m.

Ethical Journalism Network.(2015). The 5 Principles of Ethical Journalism. Retrieved from

https://ethicaljournalismnetwork.org/who-we-are/5-principles-of-journalism/June
02, 2020, 10:05 PM
American Press Association.(2007). Principles of Journalism. Retrieved from
https://americanpressassociation.com/principles-of-journalism/June 02, 2020,
10:20PM

UpdateNews360.com .(2019). Five core principles of Journalism — Journalists should

know.Retrieved from https://medium.com/@Updatenews360.com/five-core-
principles-of-journalism-journalists-should-know-43cf25f0dac3/June 02, 2020,
10:40PM

Kabiling, G. (2020, June 17). Palace says Ressa’s conviction due to ‘bad journalism’. Manila
Bulletin.Retrieved from https://news.mb.com.ph/2020/06/17/palace-says-ressas-
conviction-due-to-bad-journalism/June 17, 2020, 12:57 PM

Ramos, M. (2020, June 17). Media law experts: SC can clarify ‘online republication’.
Inquirer.Net. Retrieved from https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1292754/media-law-
experts-sc-can-clarify-online-republication/June 17, 2020, 04:56 AM

Prepared by:

JEANIE J. VALDEZ
Writer

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Answer Key
Exercise 1.

Across
1.)independence
3.)impartiality
6.)accountability

Down
2.)humanity
4.)principle
5.)accuracy
7.)core

Exercise 2
1. FAKE
2. FACT
3. FACT
4. FACT
5. FACT
6. FAKE
7. FAKE
8. FACT

Exercise 3.
1. Rappler CEO and executive editor Maria Ressa and former researcher Reynaldo Santos Jr.
2. They published an alleged defamatory article about Wilfredo Keng a businessman
3. The core principles which were not considered by them are the truth and accountability.
Explanations may vary.
4. Answers may vary
5. No they don’t. They differ in their chosen angle of the news. The former emphasized what the
palace said on the Rappler’s CEO and writer case while the latter focuses on the Supreme
Court’s ability to clarify online republication

Exercise 4.
1. The Philippine Daily Inquirer. Explanations may vary.
2. Manila Bulletin and The Philippine Star were more careful than the PDI.
Explanations may vary.
3. The Philippine Star had the safest headline. Explanations may vary.
4. Yes. Explanations may vary.

Exercise 5. Answers may vary

Exercise 6. Answers may vary

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