MATTER

Presented by: Angel Florence V. Villare

PROPERTIES USED TO
GROUP AND STORE
MATERIAL
Learning Competencies
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:

1. classify materials based on the ability to absorb water,

float, sink, undergo decay;
2. identify the effects of decaying materials on one’s
health and safety;
3. demonstrate proper disposal of waste according to the
properties of its materials
 LEARNING
COMPETENCY #1
 Classifications of
Materials Ex: made of cotton, wood
and cloth
Ability to Absorb Water
Absorb means to take in
Non-Porous Materials
(something, such as liquid) in a
(non-absorbent materials)
natural or gradual way.
are materials that do not
absorb water
Porous Materials (absorbent
do not allow air to pass
materials)
through
are materials that absorb water
Ex: made of plastic and
have small holes that allow air or
rubber
liquid to pass through
.
Classifications of Materials
Ability to Float Ability to Sink

means to stay on top of

means to fall to the
the water.
bottom of the water.

Ex: Styrofoam, wood,

Ex: coins and metals
balloons, and empty bottles
 Classifications of
Materials
Materials that Undergo Decay
means to be slowly destroyed into
bits in the presence of water and
soil.
Biodegradable or bio-waste
materials that undergo decaying
they are decomposed by
microorganisms into environment-
friendly waste products
cannot be recycled
Not all plants and animals decay
at the same time
Some materials will take hundred
of years before they decay or
decompose
Fast decaying materials become
organic fertilizers that enrich the
soil
Fast decaying materials are
objects that easily rot and
decompose because of the
bacteria it has absorbed
Refrigerating leftover food avoids
or delay spoilage
 LEARNING
COMPETENCY #2
Effects of decaying materials on one’s
health and safety

Decaying materials are wastes that may cause harm

to one's health.
Decaying materials cause harm to one’s health.
Some diseases caused by decaying materials are:
allergy, cholera, malaria, typhoid, dysentery, and
skin diseases.
Malaria and dengue
are diseases spread by
specific type of mosquitoes.
These become epidemic in
places where these type of
mosquito breed.
Dysentery
is a disease that can
cause severe diarrhea. If
not treated properly
someone can die from it.
Typhoid
is a waterborne disease. People
who drink polluted water can
become infected with typhoid.
Pollution
action or process of
making land, water,
air dirty and not safe
to use.
Proper disposal of waste should be observed in areas near dumpsites,
esteros or canals to prevent them from too much exposure to garbage that
will result to danger.

Good hygiene practices such as washing of hands, boiling of water,

avoidance [if possible] or exposure to air.

Factors that contribute to the decaying of process of the materials are

water, sunlight, soil, and action of microorganisms.
 LEARNING
COMPETENCY #3
Proper Waste Disposal According to the Properties of
Each Material

 CHANGES THAT
MATERIALS UNDERGO
Learning Competencies
At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able to:

1. describe changes in solid materials when they are bent,

pressed, hammered, or cut;
2. describe changes in properties of materials when
exposed to certain conditions such as temperature or
when mixed with other materials; and
3. identify changes in materials whether useful or harmful
to one’s environment
 LEARNING
COMPETENCY #4
 Changes on Solid Materials when they are Bent

Bent - is to turn force from straight or even to curve back to its original
position.

Solid materials can be bent. When

bent, these materials may change
their size and shape. No new
material is formed. Only the
physical appearance of the
materials is changed.
 Changes on Solid Materials when they are
Pressed

Press - applying pressure to flatten the shape and object.

Solid materials can be pressed. When

pressed, these materials may change
their size and shape. Other solid
materials may also change their
texture when pressed. However, no
new material is formed because only
the physical appearance of the
material is changed.
 Changes on Solid Materials when they are
Hammered

Hammer - a hand tool usually consists of a solid head held on the end of
a handle. It is used for pounding or breaking an object.

Solid materials can be hammered.

When hammered, these materials
may change their size and shape
and even the texture. However, no
new material is formed because
only the physical appearance of the
material is changed.
 Changes on Solid Materials when they are Cut

Cut - it is an action of dividing objects by using sharp edges of objects

like knife and scissor.

Solid materials can be cut. When

cut, these materials may change
their size and shape. It only changes
its physical property. No chemical
change took place after the object
has been cut.
 LEARNING
COMPETENCY #5
Changes in the Properties of Materials
when Exposed to Different
Temperatures

The changes in the properties of materials is

called Physical Change. It includes change in size,
shape, texture and form but there is no new
material formed.
When the material is cooled, it
changes in size, shape, and texture.
But no new material is formed.
When the material reached its
freezing point, liquid materials
changed into solid.
Freezing is the process where the
form of matter change from LIQUID
TO SOLID.
When the material is heated, it
changes in size, shape, and texture.
But no new material is formed.
When the material reached its
melting point, solid materials changed
into liquid.
When the material is heated, its
temperature increased.
Some changes in the materials when exposed to
different temperatures
1. Boiling - the rapid 2. Melting - the of liquefying due
vaporization of a liquid which to heat
occurs when a liquid is heated
to its boiling point.
Some changes in the materials when exposed to
different temperatures

3. Freezing - the solidification 4. Evaporation - the process

phase change of a liquid due to wherein the liquid turns into vapor
cooling. or gas due to heat.
Some changes in the materials when exposed to
different temperatures

5. Sublimation - the transition of a 6. Condensation - wherein a gas or

substance directly from the solid to the vapor turns back into liquid.
gas state without passing through the
liquid state.
 What happens to the Types of Mixtures
Solid Materials when
mixed with other Solid 1. Heterogeneous mixture - when the
Materials? solid material is mixed with other solid
material, each of the
combined/mixed materials can be
When two or more easily identified/distinguish from one
materials are combined, a another.
mixture is formed. 2. Homogeneous mixture - when
Solid materials can be materials are mixed with solid
materials it cannot be distinguished
mixed/combined with
from each other. The resulting
other solid materials.
mixture looked the same all
throughout.
 What happens to the Solid Materials when mixed
with other Liquid Materials?
Key points:

Solid materials can be mixed/combined

with liquid materials. Some solid materials
completely dissolved in the liquid
materials, forming homogeneous mixture.
Some solid materials settled at the bottom
of the container, while others stayed
within the liquid.
When mixed with liquid, some solid
heterogeneous Colloid Solution materials changed their size, shape and
mixture
colors, but some do not.

What happens to the Liquid Materials when

mixed with other Liquid Materials?
Key points:

Liquid materials can be mixed with other

liquid materials thus, forming a mixture.
Some liquid materials completely mixed
with other liquid materials, forming
homogeneous mixture.
Some liquid materials cannot be
completely mixed with other liquid
materials, forming heterogeneous
mixture.
 LEARNING
COMPETENCY #6
 Useful Changes in Materials on One's
Environment

Cutting of piece of cloth to be Cutting of fabric to be made into

made into handkerchief. clothes.
 Useful Changes in Materials on One's
Environment

Cutting and shaping pieces of Changing wood into charcoal for

wood/lumber into chair. cooking.
 Harmful Changes in Materials on
One's Environment

Burning of old tires and other Throwing of kerosene and detergents

plastic materials/trash. into the sewage.
 Harmful Changes in Materials on
One's Environment
Dumping of garbage of any kind, such
as empty bottles, plastic toxic waste,
chemicals from factories, and others,
can cause pollution on the land.
Dumping of garbage of any kind, such
as empty bottles, plastic toxic waste,
chemicals from factories, and others,
can cause pollution on the river.

Thank you for

listening!