Manual for Anatomy and Physiology 40

Name: Blessed Shenna S. Baquero Date: October 11, 2022 Score:

ACTIVITY 6
MUSCULAR SYSTEM

Muscles, which are composed of contractile fibers are organs of locomotion because
they produce movement. There are three basic types of muscle tissue; skeletal, smooth and
cardiac. There are over 600 individual muscles in the human body. Muscle tissue comprises
about 45% of the total body weight of an adult.

OBJECTIVES:
1. To be able to describe the different muscle tissues of the body
2. To understand the different functions of the muscles in the body
3. To identify the muscle, its corresponding location and movements
4. To identify the Types of Muscle Tissue
MATERIALS:
- Power point presentation
- Skeletal Muscle: Definition, Function, Structure, Location | Biology Dictionary
- Smooth Muscle - Definition, Function and Location | Biology (biologydictionary.net)
- Cardiac Muscle Tissue: Function, Structure, Conditions, and Pictures (healthline.com)

A. Describe the following muscle tissues of the body.

1. Smooth Muscle - a type of muscle tissue which is used by various systems to apply
pressure to vessels and organs. Smooth muscle is composed of sheets or strands of
smooth muscle cells. These cells have fibers of actin and myosin which run through the
cell and are supported by a framework of other proteins.

2. Cardiac Muscle - is only found in your heart, where it performs coordinated contractions
that allow your heart to pump blood through your circulatory system.

3. Skeletal Muscle - skeletal muscle is a specialized contractile tissue found in animals

which functions to move an organism’s body. Skeletal muscle is comprised from a series
of bundles of muscle fibers, surrounded by protective membranes.
 Manual for Anatomy and Physiology 41

B. Using your reference books, complete the following table

MUSCLE LOCATION MOVEMENT
a. Deltoid are in your shoulder, which is Arm abduction, which means
the ball-and-socket joint that raising your arm out to the
connects your arm to the side of your body.
trunk of your body.
The ventral portion of the The long head pulls the arm
b. Biceps Brachii upper arm. away from the trunk
(abduction) and turns it
inwards (inward rotation)
whereas the short head pulls
the arm back towards the
trunk (adduction).
c. Triceps Brachii Located in the dorsal Extension of the forearm at
compartment of the arm. the elbow joint.
d. Pectoralis Major underneath the breast tissue adduction and internal
and forms the anterior wall of rotation of the arm on the
the axilla. shoulder joint.
superficially in the lower two- adduct, medially rotate, and
e. Latissimus Dorsi thirds of the trunk. extend the arm at the
glenohumeral joint.
The external protuberance of side bending and turning the
f. Trapezius the occipital bone to the lower head, elevating and
thoracic vertebrae and laterally depressing the shoulders,
to the spine of the scapula. and internally rotating the
arm.
Located on either side of the contracts in an outward and
g. Risorius lips. upward motion, the muscle
pulls the angle of the mouth
laterally.
the manubrium of the sternum rotate the head to the
h. Sternocleidomastoid and the clavicle. opposite side or obliquely
rotate the head.
on the posterior aspect of the extension, external rotation,
i. Gluteal Group pelvic girdle. abduction and adduction of
the thigh.
under your skin at the back flexes the leg at the knee.
j. Gastrocnemius of the lower leg.
begins at the distal one-third the strongest dorsiflexor of
k. Tibialis Anterior of the tibia. the foot.
at the front of your thigh. to extend the leg at the knee
l. Quadriceps Femoris joint and to flex the thigh at
the hip joint.
on the surface, just below the Expand the Thoracic Cage by
m. External Intercostals skin. Elevating and Extending the
Sternum.
below the lungs contracts and flattens and
n. Diaphragm the chest cavity enlarges.
between the ribs and the move the body between the
o. Rectus Abdominis pubic bone at the front of the ribcage and the pelvis.
pelvis.
just underneath the skin of closes the eyelids and
p. Orbicularis oculi the eyelid. assists in pumping the tears
 Manual for Anatomy and Physiology 42

from the eye into the

nasolacrimal duct system.
attaches through a thin, puckering the lips.
q. Orbicularis oris superficial
musculoaponeurotic system
to the dermis of the upper lip
and lower lip.
inserts at the eyebrow dermis lifts the brows and moves the
r. Frontalis and terminates laterally at the anterior scalp backward.
temporal ridge.
between the corners of our pull the angle of the mouth
s. Zygomaticus major lips and the upper part of our superolaterally.
cheeks.
 Manual for Anatomy and Physiology 43

C. Write the Word True if the statements is correct and False if otherwise. Write your answers
before each number.

False 1. In an isotonic contraction, muscle tension increases but the muscles

do not shorten.
True 2. Muscles enter into oxygen debt when they are functioning
anaerobically.
True 3. Actin is the light filament in skeletal muscle cells.
True 4. The origin of the muscle is attached to a moving part of the body.
False 5. The band of the connective tissue that attaches the gastrocnemius to
the heel is the ligament.

D. For each of the following diagrams, list the name that corresponds to the numbered line.
Temporalis Frontalis
Orbicularis oculi
Zygomaticus Masseter
Orbicularis oris
Sternocleidomastoid

Pectoralis Major
Deltoid

Biceps brachii
External oblique
Rectus abdominus

Internal oblique

Iliopsoas

Adductor muscle
Adductor longus
Sartorius Rectus femoris
Vastus lateralis
Vastus medialis

Tibialis anterior Fibularis longus

 Manual for Anatomy and Physiology 44

Trapezius

Deltoid

Triceps Brachii

Latissimus dorsi

External abdominal oblique

Gluteus medius
Gluteus maximus

Adductor muscle

Biceps femoris
Semitendinosus

Gastrocnemius
 Manual for Anatomy and Physiology 45

Frontalis
Temporalis

Zygomatic Major
Masseter
Orbicularis oris
Sternocleidomastoid
Buccinator
Levator Scapulae

Trapezius
 Manual for Anatomy and Physiology 46

platysma

deltoid
Pectoralis major

Latissimus dorsi

External abdominal
 Manual for Anatomy and Physiology 47

Deltoid

Triceps Brachii Biceps Brachii

Brachioradialis

Flexor carpi ulnaris

Extensor carpi ulnaris

Extensor digitorum
 Manual for Anatomy and Physiology 48

Gluteus medius
Iliopsoas

Gluteus maximus
Sartorius

Biceps Femoris
Rectus femoris
Long head of biceps
Vastus medialis femoris
Plantar
Vastus lateralis

Tibia Gastrocnemius

Soleus
 Manual for Anatomy and Physiology 49

CONCLUSION:

In conclusion, the human body contains more than 650 individual muscles which are
attached to the skeleton, which provides the pulling power for us to move around.
The main job of the muscular system is to provide movement for the body. The
muscular system consists of three different types of muscle tissues: skeletal, cardiac,
smooth. Each of these different tissues has the ability to contract, which then allows
body movements and functions.

The muscular system is an important part of the human body because it uses muscles
in everything you do. They regulate your breathing and heartbeat, aid digestion, and
allow you to move. Muscles, like the rest of your body, will grow if you exercise and
eat a healthy diet.
 Manual for Anatomy and Physiology 50

LABORATORY EXPERIMENT RUBRIC

Name: Date:
Experiment Number: Lab Title:
Directions: Check one box in each row to indicate the level of performance Give each check
mark the assigned number of points on the TOTAL column.
Point 5 4 3 2 1
Performance Rate
Excellent Good Average Fair Poor
Level
Laboratory Activity Execution
All procedures were All procedures Some procedures Some Procedures were
done with outmost were done with were done with procedures done with no
Laboratory safety and no outmost safety outmost safety were done with safety and too
Procedure mistake and very less and very less safety and many mistakes
mistakes mistakes several
mistakes
The student The student The student The student The student
exhibited support/ exhibited support/ exhibited support/ exhibited exhibited no
Cooperation collaboration at all collaboration collaboration at support/ support/
times most of the time some time collaboration at collaboration
very few times
Entire working area/ Part of the Part of the The working The working area/
all apparatus were all working area/ all working area/ area/ some apparatus was not
Cleanliness cleaned up. apparatus was all some apparatus apparatus was cleaned up.
cleaned up. was all cleaned all cleaned up.
up.
Laboratory Report
Data recorded, Data recorded, Data recorded, Data recorded, Data recorded,
computation, and computation, and computation, and computation, computation, and
other types of other types of other types of and other types other types of
Accuracy responses to responses to responses to of responses to responses to
Laboratory Questions Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory Laboratory
are 100% correct Questions are 99- Questions are 74- Questions are Questions are 24-
75% correct 50% correct 49-25% correct 10% correct
All answers were Most of the Some of the Few answers Very few answers
grammatically answers were answers were were were
correct as well as grammatically grammatically grammatically grammatically
Grammar with the spelling, correct as well as correct as well as correct as well correct as well as
capitalization and with the spelling, with the spelling, as with the with the spelling,
punctuation. capitalization and capitalization spelling, capitalization
punctuation. capitalization
Generalization/ Generalization/ Generalization/ Generalization/ Generalization/
conclusion show very conclusion show conclusion show conclusion conclusion show
Generalization high degree of high degree of moderate degree show low no coherence to
/ Conclusion coherence to the coherence to the of coherence to degree of the objective.
objective. objective. the objective coherence to
the objective.
Lab report is very Lab report is well Lab report is fairly Lab report is Lab report is less
well presented and presented and presented and fairly presented organized with
organized, no organized, with organized, with and organized, many erasures
Cleanliness/
erasures with no very few erasures few erasures and with many and unnecessary
Neatness unnecessary marks. and unnecessary unnecessary erasures and marks.
marks. marks. unnecessary
marks.
TOTAL (Raw Score/40)
RATING (Score + 60)

Hiyasmin U. Gutierrez, RMT

Instructor