REVIEWER

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Philosophy – “LOVE OF WISDOM”

GREEK WORD:

PHILO – “ TO LOVE

SOPHIA-“WISDOM”

Philosophy- is a set of ideas, standards or belief used to describe behavior or thought.

-study of the general and fundamental existence,values,reasons, mind and language

-study of the theoretical basis of a particular branchof knowledge or experience

The philosophy of science

*similar *wisdom

*thinking *knowledge

*reasoning *thought

Branches of Philosophy

1.EPISTEMOLOGY- “TRUTH”

Talks factial-truth-belief-justification

2. METAPHYSICS- HOW REALITY / WORLD HAD BEGUN

3. LOGIC- THERE IS A FALLACIES

4. AESTHETIC- FOCUS ON BEAUTY OF CERTAIN THINGS

* judgement

5. ETHICS- “CLARIFYING” CONCERN ITSELF WITH THE GOOD OR BAD NATURE/BEHAVIOR OF EVERY
INDIVIDUAL

6. POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY – STUDY OF THE FUNDAMENTAL QUESTION OF HUMAN LIFE

*KEEP ON WONDERING

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DOING PHILOSOPHY

VALUE OF PHILOSOPHYBY RUSSELL

“TO ACHIEVE KNOWLEDGE THROUGH CRITICISM” GIVES UNITY AND SYSTEM TO THE BODY OF SCIENCES

HOLISM –HOLISTIC OR AS A WHOLE ( GREEK: HOLOS MEANING ALL OR TOTAL) SUMMARIZED BY

ARISTOTLE IN HIS METAPHYSICS

DOING PHILOSOPHY- TO ASK QUESTION TO REFLECT (SENSE OF WONDERING)

PHILOSOPHICAL REFLECTION

- ACT OF GIVING TIME TO THINK ABOUT THE MEANING AND PURPOSE OF LIFE

PRIMARY REFLECTION – MEANS END KIND OF THINKING

 ABILITY TO THINK LOGICALLY

SECONDARY REFLECTION-

WHY IS THERE NEED TO PHILOSOPHIZE?

WONDERING PHILOSOPHIZING

WISDOM THINKING

PLATO-SENSE OF WONDER EXPRESSING

DESCARTES-DOUBTING

JASPER- EXPERIENCE/LIMIT SITUATION

ARISTOTLE-ALL MEN BY NATURE TO KNOW

OPINION VS TRUTH AND TRUTH THROUGH PHILOSOPHY

THE PURSUIT OF KNOWLEDGE AND TRUTH

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*INQUISTIVE BEING ---- MAN IS A RATIONAL BEING

“THE MIND ALWAYS AFTER THE TRUTH”

TRUTH – FACT , HAVING EVIDENCE\

OPINION – SOMETIMES TRUTH , NO PROOF

KNOWLEDGE- CLEAR AWARENESS AND UNDERSTANDING

BELIEFS- EXPRESS CONVICTIIONS THE ARE NOT EASILY AND CLEARLY EXPLAINED

METHOD OF PHILOSOPHIZING

-KNOWLEDGE AND TRUTH

EPISTEMOLOGY- SHOW HOW CAN WE ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE

KNOWLEDGE

 PROVIDED BY FACTS
 BASED ON REALITY
 OBSERVANT ON THE REAL WORLD

(EMPIRICISM- HOW WE CAN ACQUIRE KNOWLEDGE)

(RATIONALISM – KNOWLEDGE COMES FROM INTELLECTUAL REASONING)

PROCESS OF ACQUIRING KNOWLEDGE

1. REALITY - EXISTENCE
2. PERCEPTION – THROUGH OUR SENSES (POV)
3. CONCEPT – ABSTRACT OR GENETIC IDEA
4. PROPOSITION – OPINION – ABOUT WORLD OR REALITY (FACT- EBSERVED TO BE REAL, CLAIM-
REQUIRES FURTHER EXAMINATION)
5. ARGUMENT - PROVIDES REASONS TO CINVINCE THE READER/LISTENER

CLAIM- THE CONCLUSION OF AN ARGUMENT

PREMISES- THE REASONS USED TO SUPPORT THE CONCLUSION

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OBJECTIVE DOMAIN- SCIENTIFIC , TRUTH

SOCIAL DOMAIN – TRUTH IS RELATED TO A GENERAL

PERSONAL DOMAIN- TRUTH IS RELATED TO SINCERITY ; NEED TO ESTABLISH TRUS

TRUTH AND JUSTIFICATION

 TRUTH – (ACCORDING TO RICHARD RORTY) “PROCEDURES OF JUSTIFICATION

 JUSTIFICATION- PROCESS OF PROVING THE TRUTH OR VALIDITY OF A STATEMENT

HOW DO WE KNOW IF SOMETHING IS TRUE?

1. A BELIEF IS TRUE IF IT CAN BE JUSTIFIED OR PROVEN THROUGH THE USE OF ONE’S SENSES.
2. A BELIEF OR STATEMENT IS TRUE IF IT IS BASED ON FACTS.
3. GETTING A CONSENSUS OR HAVING PEOPLE AGREE ON A COMMON BELIEF.
4. TRUTH REQUIRES TO PROVE AN ACTION.
5. SUBJECT TO TEST TO DETERMINE THE TRUTH.