TSU KEY OFFICIALS

Dr. Arnold E. Velasco Dr. Agnes M. Macaraeg Dr. Grace N. Rosete

University President Vice President for Academic Affairs Vice President for Administration
and ` Finance

Dr. Niño B. Corpuz Dr. Murphy P. Mohammed Prof. Louis Adonis G. Silvestre
Vice President for Planning Vice President for Research and Extension Services NSTP Director
and Quality Assurance

CHAPTER 1: CITIZENSHIP TRAINING

Lesson 1: Historical and Legal Bases of NSTP

✓ 1935- COMMONWEALTH ACT NO.1 (NATIONAL DEFENSE ACT) BY: PRESIDENT MANUEL
L. QUEZON
✓ 1980- PRESIDENTIAL DECREE NO. 1706 (NATIONAL SERVICE LAW) BY: PRESIDENT
FERDINAND MARCOS
✓ Republic Act No. 7077 on June 27, 1991 (ROTC)
An Act Providing for The Development, Administration, Organization, Training, Maintenance and
Utilization Of The Citizen Armed Forces Of The Armed Forces Of The Philippines And For Other
Purposes
✓ RA. 9163 NSTP ACT OF 2001 (Signed last Jan. 23, 2002, By President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo)
“An Act Establishing the National Service Training Program (NSTP) for the Tertiary Level Students,
Amending for The Purpose Republic Act No 7077 And Presidential Decree No 1706 And for Other
Purpose”
✓ Graduates of non-ROTC components of the NSTP shall belong to the National Service Reserve
Corps and could be tapped by the State for literacy and civic welfare activities, especially in
times of calamities. Graduates of the ROTC program shall form part of the Citizen Armed
Force pursuant to RA 7077, subject to the requirements of the DND

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2002/01/23/republic-act-no-9163/

THREE COMPONENTS OF NSTP

• LTS-Literacy Training Service
• CWTS- Civic Welfare Training Service
• ROTC- Reserve Officer Training Corps

Lesson 2: Lesson 2: Philippine Constitution

1987 PREAMBLE
 We, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane
society, and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good,
conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity, the blessings of independence
and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain
and promulgate this Constitution.

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/
Lesson 3: Flag Heraldic Code of the Philippines (RA 8491, s. 1998)
Design of the National Flag
SECTION 4. The flag of the Philippines shall be blue, white, and red with an eight-rayed golden-yellow sun and
three five-pointed stars, as consecrated and honored by the people
Hoisting and Display of the National Flag
SECTION 5. The flag shall be displayed in all public buildings, official residences public plazas, and institutions
of learning everyday throughout the year.
SECTION 6. The flag shall be permanently hoisted, day and night throughout the year, in front of the following;
at Malacañang Palace; the Congress of the Philippines building; Supreme Court building; the Rizal Monument in
Luneta, Manila; Aguinaldo Shrine in Kawit, Cavite; Barasoain Shrine in Malolos, Bulacan; the Tomb of the
Unknown Soldier, Libingan ng mga Bayani; Mausuleo de los Beteranos dela Revolucion; all International Ports
of Entry and all other places as maybe designated by the Institute. The flag shall be properly illuminated at night.
SECTION 7. The flag shall also be displayed in private buildings and residences or raised in the open flag-staffs
in front of said buildings every April 9 (Araw ng Kagitingan); May 1 (Labor Day); May 28 (National Flag Day)
to June 12 (Independence Day); last Sunday of August (National Heroes Day); November 30 (Bonifacio Day);
and December 30 (Rizal Day); and on such other days as may be declared by the President and/or local chief
executives.
SECTION 25. The following shall be the Pledge of Allegiance to the Philippine Flag:
Ako ay Filipino
Buong katapatang nanunumpa
Sa watawat ng Pilipinas
At sa bansang kanyang sinasagisag
Na may dangal, katarungan, at kalayaan
Na pinakikilos ng sambayanang
Maka-Diyos,
Makatao,
Makakalikasan, at
Makabansa.

Flag, motto/pledges, anthem- makes us filipino symbolically

Lesson 4: Good Citizenship Values

✓ Values- person’s standards of behavior/ global principles that serves as our guidance to live

✓ The promotion of the Filipino Values is embodied in the Preamble of the 1987 Constitution.
 o Maka-Diyos
o Makatao
o Makakalikasan
o Makabansa

. Suffrages and taxes - our political duties

CHAPTER 2 DRUG EDUCATION

Drug education is an important strategy for reducing the extent of drug related incidents among young
people. Effective drug education programs need to build knowledge and increase the competency of students to
act in safe ways when presented with challenging situations.

Drugs- are chemicals that change the way our body’s function. These affect our central nervous system (especially
the brain) and make us see, think, feel, and behave differently than we usually do.

Common Signs of Drug Use

• Changes in attendance in school or work
• Abrupt changes in overall attitude
• Irritable, discourteous, aggressive
• Usually untrustworthy and lacks self-confidence
• Low frustration tolerance
• Lacking interest in one’s studies or work
• Blames everybody but oneself
• Prefers to stay with peers
• May frequent odd places
• Poor physical appearance
• Wearing of sunglasses at inappropriate times
• Unusual effort to cover arms to hide needle marks
• Stealing items which can be readily sold
• Unusual borrowing of money from relatives and friends
• Association with known drug abuses

Risk Factors
• Family
o Family Conflict
o Family Social Deprivation
• Social
o Low religiosity
o Rebelliousness
o High tolerance of deviance
o Resistance to authority
o A strong need for independence
• School
o School Failure
o Peer Pressure
• Neighborhood Attachment and Community Disorganization
• Mobility
• Constitutional, Genetic and Personality Factors
• Media

Commonly Abused Substances

Alcohol
Other Terms: Ethyl alcohol or ethanol
How it is Used: Drinking
Effects on the Body: Slows reflexes and causes drowsiness when used in excess, dementia, stroke,
cardiovascular problems, hypertension, increased risk of many kinds of cancer.
Caffeine
 Found in: Coffee, tea, cocoa, soft drinks, and some medications
How it is Used: Orally in pill form or consumed in food and drinks
Effects on the Body: Reduces fine motor coordination, increases alertness, alters sleep patterns, and
can cause headaches, nervousness, and dizziness.
Nicotine
Other Terms: Tobacco; found in cigarettes, cigars, and smokeless tobacco
How it is Used: Smoked or chewed
Effects on the Body: Reduces appetite and can cause nausea and vomiting, increases alertness.
Marijuana
Other Terms: Grass, pot, reefer, and weed
How it is Used: Usually smoked; baked into brownies; brewed like tea
Effects on the Body: Marijuana impairs memory, concentration, perception, and movement.

Cocaine
Other Terms: Crack, blow, rock, snow, coke
How it is Used: Snorted, smoked, or injected
Effects on the Body: Causes dizziness, headache, stimulates the brain and spinal cord, and increased
heart rate. Elevated blood pressure, increased body temperature, increased breathing rate.
Ecstasy
Other Terms: X, Molly, Happy Drug, Love Drug
How it is Used: Orally in pill form
Effects on the Body: Increased heart rate, blood pressure, and body temperature, dehydration,
nausea, muscle cramping, involuntary teeth clenching, blurred vision, chills, sweating.
Shabu
Other Terms: Shabs, S, bato
How it is Used: Snorted
Effects on the Body: Tachycardia, hypertension, atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, chest pain,
accelerated atherosclerosis, dyspnea, edema, abscess, cellulitis, seizures, hypotension, dental caries,
periodontal abscess (meth mouth), pupillary dilatation.
Benzodiazepines
Other Terms: Vs, Downers, Benzos
How it is Used: Taken orally
Effects on the Body: Euphoria, drowsiness, stupor, coma, respiratory depression, seizures, slurring
of speech, disorientation, delayed reflexes.

The most useful system of classifying drugs is by their effect on the central nervous system.
✓ Stimulants – speed up the functions of our CNS (nicotine, amphetamine, caffeine, cocaine)
✓ Depressants – slow down the functions of our CNS (alcohol, heroin)
✓ Hallucinogens – affects our senses (magic mushrooms, LSD)
✓ Multi-action – ecstasy, cannabis

How to Avoid Drug Use

❑ Understand how alcohol and drug addiction develops
❑ Get help if you have an alcohol or drug problem
❑ Avoid temptation and peer pressure Find support that you need
❑ Maintain physical wellness and mental health Use drugs properly
❑ Accept yourself
❑ Develop your potentials and engage in productive and fulfilling activities Communicate your issues and
concerns
❑ Learn how to cope with your problems
❑ Seek professional help if you feel you cannot cope with problems
❑ Develop strong moral and spiritual foundations.

Schools and Drug Abuse Prevention

THREE MAIN COMPONENT
✓ Demand reduction strategies- These strategies aim to reduce the desire and willingness to obtain and use
drugs and to prevent, reduce or delay the uptake of drug use
✓ Supply reduction strategies - These strategies aim to disrupt the production and supply of illicit drugs, as
well as limit the access and availability of licit drugs in certain contexts.
 ✓ Strategies to mitigate the negative health and social consequences of drug use - These strategies aim to
reduce the impact of drug use and drug-related activities on individuals and communities.

Penalties for Drug Users in The Philippines

https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2002/ra_9165_2002.html

What is the penalty for importation of dangerous drugs and/or controlled precursors and essential
chemicals in the Philippines? Life imprisonment to death and a fine ranging from Five
hundred thousand pesos(P500,000.00) to Ten million pesos (P10,000,000.00)

What is the penalty for Possession of Equipment, Instrument, Apparatus and Other Paraphernalia for
Dangerous Drugs? Imprisonment ranging from six (6) months and one (1) day to four (4)
years and a fine ranging from Ten thousand pesos (P10,000.00) to Fifty thousand pesos
(P50,000.00)

CHAPTER 3: DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT

The Philippines is one of the most natural hazard-prone countries in the world. The social and economic
cost of natural disasters in the country is increasing due to population growth, change in land-use patterns,
migration, unplanned urbanization, environmental degradation and global climate change.

Basic Terminologies of Disaster Management

• Disaster- a serious problem occurring over a short or long period of time that causes great damage or loss
of life.
• Disaster Risk Reduction- A systematic approach to identifying, assessing and reducing the risks of
disaster
• Disaster Risk Reduction and Management- The application of disaster risk reduction policies and
strategies to prevent new disaster risk, reduce existing disaster risk and manage residual risk,
contributing to the strengthening of resilience and reduction of disaster losses. Hazard- a situation that
posses a level of threat or disaster
• Risk- is an expected damage
• Vulnerability- Refers to the inability to withstand the effects of a hostile environment. Exposure at Risk.
• Capacity- Refers to all the strengths, attributes and resources available within a community, organization
or society to manage and reduce disaster risks and strengthen resilience.
• Prevention and Mitigation- action taken to reduce or eliminate the possible impact of hazard/disaster
• Preparedness- action taken prior to the disaster such as preparing an emergency kit/plan.
• Response- action taken to respond to the disaster
• Recovery- action taken to recover from the disaster

PHASES OF DRR and Management

• Prevention and Mitigation (DOST)
• Preparedness (DILG
• Response (NEDA)
• Recovery (DSWD)

Oversight and Implementation

Barangay Disaster Committee- One brgy. is affected

MDRRMC- More than 2 brgys. are affected

PDRRMC- more then 2 municipals are affected

RDRRMC- more than 2 provinces are affected

NDRRMC- more than 2 regions are affected

CHATER 4 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AND MANAGEMENT

Environmental Protection and Management- process of safeguarding the environment by just simply
monitoring human activities in relation the environment.
Impact of Population- human activities can destroy the environment.

World population = 7.8 Billion

PH Population as of today = 109,581,078 people

Trees are as important as our lives. Trees are sometimes called lungs of the world.

PHILIPPINE AGENDA 21 (THE KEY TO PHILIPPINES’ ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION)

Philippine Agenda 21 (PA 21) is a program of action into the 21st century for bringing the Earth into a
sustainable future. It was adopted by the participating governments of the world in the United Nations
Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), otherwise known as the Earth Summit, in Rio de
Janeiro, Brazil in June 1992.
PA 21 is the Philippines’ commitment to the UNCED. It also lays down the mix of strategies that integrate areas
(or Action Agenda), from the national to the regional level, with the corresponding implementing platforms and
plans.
It is basically made up of:
• The Principles of Unity.
• The Action Agenda; and
• The Implementation Strategies.

PA 21 envisions a better quality of life for all through the development of a just, moral, creative, spiritual,
economically vibrant, caring, diverse yet cohesive society characterized by appropriate productivity,
participatory and democratic process and living in harmony within the limits of the carrying capacity of nature
and the integrity of creation.
Sustainable development as defined in the PA 21 (1996) is “harmonious integration of a sound and viable
economy, responsible governance, social cohesion and ecological integrity, to ensure that development is a life-
sustaining process.”

The Enhanced PA 21 has five goal elements, as follows:

1. Poverty Reduction.
2. Social Equity
3. Empowerment and Good Governance
4. Peace and Solidarity
5. Ecological Integrity

The Philippine Council for Sustainable Development (PCSD) is a multi-sectoral body formed to coordinate and
monitor the fulfillment of the commitments of the Philippine to the UNCED, and later, the WSSD. It has
spearheaded the formulation of PA 21.

THE KEY ACTORS IN SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT WORK

1. Business. It is the key actor in economy, which is mainly concerned with producing goods and services
for people.
2. Government. It is the key actor in polity, which is concerned with democratic governance and security
of human rights.
3. Civil Society. It is the key actor in culture, which is concerned with the development of the social and
spiritual capabilities of human beings. (“The Philippine Agenda 21”, 2014)
7 Key Principles of Environmental Management

1. Polluter Pays Principle (PPP)

2. User Pays Principle (UPP)
3. Precautionary Principle (PP)
4. Principle of Responsibility
5. Principle Of Effectiveness and Efficiency
6. Principle of Proportionality
7. Principle Of Participation

THE SEVEN ENVIRONMENTAL PRINCIPLES

(According to the Society for the Conservation of Philippine Wetlands, Inc.)
1. Everything is connected to everything else.
2. All forms of life are important (thus, the need for biodiversity).
3. Everything must go somewhere (thus, too much can cause pollution)
4. Ours is a finite earth (thus, the need for conservation).
5. Nature knows best (thus, the need for ecological technology).
6. Nature is beautiful and we are stewards of God’s creation.
7. Everything changes.

ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
1. Deforestation
2. Water Crisis
3. Pollution
1. Air
2. Water
3. Noise
4. Thermal
4. Climate change
5. Global Warming
6. EL NIÑO AND CLIMATE
7. Ozone depletion

WATER SANITATION AND CONSERVATION (USES OF WATER)

1. Agriculture Use
2. Domestic Use

WASTE DISPOSAL
 Waste management include the activities and actions required to manage waste from its inception to its
final disposal. This includes the collection, transport, treatment, and disposal of waste, together with monitoring
and regulation of the waste management process.

RECYCLING HUMAN WASTE

process of converting waste materials into new materials and objects

RIGHTS OF CITIZENS IN ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION

1. The right to breathe clean air.
2. The right to utilize and enjoy all-natural resources according to the principles of sustainable
development.
3. The right to participate in the formulation, planning, implementation and monitoring of environmental
policies and programs and in the decision-making process.
4. The right to participate in the decision-making process concerning development policies, plans and
programs projects or activities that may have adverse impact on the environment and public health.
5. The right to be informed of the nature and extent of the potential hazard of any activity, undertaking or
project and to be served timely notice of any significant rise in the level of pollution and the accidental
or deliberate release into the atmosphere of harmful or hazardous substances.
6. The right of access to public records which a certain citizen may need to exercise his or her rights
effectively.
7. The right to bring action in court or quasi-judicial bodies to enjoin all activities in violation of
environmental laws and regulations, to compel the rehabilitation and cleanup of affected area, and to
seek the imposition of penal sanctions against violators of environmental laws.
8. 8. The right to bring action in court for compensation of personal damages resulting from the adverse
environmental and public health impact of a project or activity (Republic Act 8749).

CHAPTER 5 NATIONAL SECURITY THREATS

NATIONAL SECURITY- the state or condition wherein the values which a nation treasures such as territorial
integrity, sovereignty, people’s way of life and well-being are protected and enhanced.

It is the requirement to maintain the survival of the nation-state using economic military and political power
and the exercise of diplomacy.

❖ a condition or state of being where the Filipino people’s values, way of life, institutions, welfare and
well-being, sovereignty and strategic relations are protected and enhanced.
❖ The freedom from foreign dictation.
❖ It refers to the protection of a nation from attack or other danger by holding adequate armed forces and
guarding state secrets.
❖ National security is the preservation of the core values of a nation; the political, economic and social
well-being and preservation of our state, the inviolability of our territorial boundaries and the
maintenance of national interests within the nation’s strategic frontiers

FOUNDATIONS OF NATIONAL SECURITY

It can be found in the latter part of the Preamble of the 1987 Philippine. Constitution which states that,
“secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence and democracy, under the rule of law
and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality and peace…”

NATIONAL SECURITY COUNCIL (NSC)

The principal advisory body on the proper coordination and integration of plans and policies affecting national
security. The Council Proper is a collegial body chaired by the President. Created during the Quirino
Administration through Executive Order (EO) No. 330, dated 01 July 1950. It was reorganized by virtue of
EO No. 115, series of 1986.
In the Philippine context as indicated by the NSC Permanent Secretariat, National Security is described as a
condition or state of being where the Filipino people’s values, way of life, institutions, welfare, and well-being,
sovereignty and strategic relations are protected and enhanced. The elements of National Security are the
following:
• Moral-spiritual consensus
• Cultural cohesiveness
• Economic solidarity
• Socio-political stability
• Ecological balance
• Territorial integrity
• International harmony

Internal Threats
The Philippines has been confronted with multiple and simultaneous insurgencies since the 1970s. While
not posing an existential threat to the state, they are a drain on resources and inhibit faster economic development.
The myriad of rebel groups, communist, Islamist, and ethno-national, do have some legitimate grievances and
their movements have been fueled by abuses by government forces.
• The Moro Islamic Liberation Front and Moro National Liberation Front - Muslim separatist
movement in the southern Philippines that has employed guerrilla tactics and violence in its
campaign for the creation of an independent democratic, Islamic state. Largest militant
organization
Comprehensive Agreement of the Bangsamoro- agreement between the government and the
militant group to make Mindanao peaceful.
• The Abu Sayyaf Group- The ASG was founded in Basilan Province and operates primarily in
the provinces of the Sulu Archipelago, namely Basilan, Sulu, and Tawi-Tawi.
The group also operates on the Zamboanga peninsula, and members occasionally travel to
Manila. In mid-2003, the group started operating in Mindanao’s city of Cotabato and on the
provincial coast of Sultan Kudarat, Mindanao. The group expanded its operational reach to
Malaysia in 2000 with the abduction of foreigners from a tourist resort there.
Smallest yet violent group.
• Private Armies- Philippine instability is compounded by the existence of private armies.
Although the November 2009 massacre of 58 people, including women and journalists,
allegedly by members of the powerful Ampatuan clan. Local political elites rely on private
armies to stay in power.
• Communist Party of the Philippines/New People’s Army/ National Democratic Front
(CPP/NPA/NDF) - The Communist Party of the Philippines (CPP) was established in 1968 by
Jose Maria Sison, with the establishment of the New People’s Army (NPA) the following year,
and the overt and broad united front umbrella organization, the National Democratic Front
(NDF) in 1973. It is the longest running communist insurgency in the world, responsible for
tens of thousands of deaths (though estimates vary wildly). The CPP/ NPA/NDF has waxed and
waned over the decades and has been subject to intense internal factionalism and splits, in
particular following the end of the Marcos dictatorship, the restoration of democracy in 1986
and the closure of US bases in 1991. It has not helped the movement that their leader has been
in exile in the Netherlands since 1987.
Most active militant organization in the Philippines.

Other Internal Threats

• Graft and corruption have become another threat to our national security by virtue of the huge
scale by which it saps public resources, undermines the morale of the civil service and affects
the delivery of quality basic services.
• Severe calamities cause serious food shortages, abet hoarding and profiteering tool stands at
more than 13,000 lives lost and p179 Billion worth of property destroyed.
• Persistent environment degradation- Poses a long-term security threat. The attrition of forest
and watersheds, air-land-water pollution and the proliferation of toxic substances are a cause of
sickness, death and the diminution of national productivity and well-being.

External Threats
1. The multi-lateral dispute over the Spratly Island
 2. The smuggling firearms and contraband, illegal migration, and occasional movement of foreign
terrorists
3. The lingering effects of the currency crisis affecting the countries
4. The serious economic disparity between rich and poor
5. Ethnic, religious, and cultural conflict

Role of Youth to National Threats

❑ Know your rights. Read up, get informed and practice your right!! The youth can maximize their rights
if they are well-informed. The existing rights are only of value to the youth if they are understood,
observed, and used.
❑ Learn about local issues. What are the concerns plaguing your community? How are the concerns
affecting you and your immediate environment? Knowing the problem can lead to possible solutions and
the youth’s role in the grand scheme of things.
❑ Speak out. Do not be afraid to speak your mind either online, through social media, and offline,
gatherings and meetings. Be assertive and express your interests. Someone is bound to read or to listen
to it. However, be responsible of what you aired and support it with facts. Also, respect the views of
others regardless of if it agrees or disagrees with you.
❑ Network. There is strength in numbers. Reach out to them and learn their efforts and initiatives. It could
pave way to bigger things for you.
❑ Spread the word. Talk to your friends and family about the concerns and issues you see as important.
You can provide a voice to unaddressed issues, educate, and influence the people around you.
❑ Join campaigns. Be one with the people having the same vision and initiative as you. Create solutions
and actions that can be done in your community
❑ Host a youth summit. Learn and share your perspectives and views with peers as well as decision makers.
Schools and local organizations can be of great support to you in trying to create a forum for the exchange
of ideas. Bring together different communities and understand what you have in common, as well as your
differences in interests and perspectives.

❑ Use your creativity. Use your passion for the arts and your hobbies into a productive action towards your
ideals.
❑ Join/create a youth organization. Local youth organizations are great places to expand your knowledge
and become an active member of your society. If your community does not have an organization
representing youth, create one. Be the trendsetter!
❑ Be an inspiration. Believe in yourself and follow your passion. Passionate youth will change the world.