Objectives

Task 1: Charts with no trends

Task 2: “Agree or disagree” essays

 Task 1: Static charts

1. “Compare & Contrast” language

Translate the sentences in Vietnamese below into English

a. Số liệu của Hoa Kỳ cao nhất, ở mức 80%.

=> The figure for America was the highest, at 80%

b.

Số liệu của Đức đi ngay sát phía sau, ở mức 77%.

Số liệu của Hoa Kỳ cao nhất, ở mức 80%, cái mà được theo ngay sau bởi số liệu
của Đức, ở mức 77%.

The figure for America was highest, at 80%, which was followed by that for
Germany, at 77%.

c.

Số liệu của Hoa Kỳ cao hơn một chút số liệu của Đức, lần lượt ở mức 80% và
77%.

 The figure for the United States was a little/slightly higher than that for
Germany, at 80% and 77%, respectively.

Số liệu của Hoa Kỳ cao nhất, ở mức 80%, cái mà cao hơn một chút số liệu của
Đức, ở mức 77%.

 The figure for the United States was the highest, at 80%, which was
slightly higher than that for Germany, at 77%.
d. Số liệu của Vương Quốc Anh cao gấp đôi số liệu của Tây Ban Nha, lần lượt ở
mức 60% và 30%.

=> The figure for the UK was twice as high as Spain's, at 60% and 30%
respectively.

e. Số liệu của Tây Ban Nha cao bằng một nửa số liệu của Vương Quốc Anh, lần
lượt ở mức 30% và 60%.

=> The figure for Spain was half as high as the United Kingdom's, at 30% and
60%, respectively.

60-20: twice higher than

120-40: twice higher than

1,5 lần: 1,5 times as high as

f. Số liệu của Nga cao hơn nhiều số liệu của Pháp, lần lượt ở mức 25% và 5%.

=> The figure for Russia was significantly/much higher than France's, at 25%
and 5%, respectively.

g. Số liệu của Nga cao gấp 5 lần số liệu của Pháp, lần lượt ở mức 25% và 5%.

=> Russia's figure is five times higher than France's, at 25% and 5%,
respectively.

= The respective figure for Russia and France was 25% and 5%.
 Subject of Be Highest At/ with X.
description

Subject of description (Closely) follow behind At/ with X

Subject of Be Half As high Subject of At/ with X and

description 1 Twice/ as descriptio Y, respectively/
twofold n2 in that order/ in
Three the order given/
times/ correspondingly.
threefold
Four times/
fourfold
…

Subject of Be a little/ Higher Subject of At/ with X

description 1 slightly/ than description and Y,
significantly/ 2 respectively
much/ far
2. Essay structure

STRUCTURE

INTRODUCTION Paraphrase the question

OVERVIEW Group 1 – subjects of comparison (the highest figure)

Group 2 – criteria of comparison (the highest figure)

Highest figure -> lowest figure -> the most significant

gap

BODY Criterium 1 > 2 > 3 …

PARAGRAPHS
(In terms of/ With regard to/ With respect to/
Regarding/ For/ As for/ …)

Exercise 1:

The chart describes the differences between male and female students studying
six majors at a US university in 2010.
The given chart illustrates how many female and male students
attended/enrolled in (on) Marketing…/six different courses at a university in
the USA in 2010

Overall, it is clear that finance was the most favourite subject that both male and
female students learnt the most while engineering was not popular in this US
university.

Overall, it is clear that more boys preffered studying Eco, Eng and Math than
girls while the opposite was true for Marketing and Accouting. Besides,
Finance was the most popular among students of both genders.

Marketing, Accounting and Finance were the three subjects chosen the most by
university students. The number of students both genders studying finance of
was the same, with about 225. At the same time/ In the mean time/ Meanwhile,
the number of female students who studied Accounting was slightly higher than
that of male fellows (=students), at 200 and 175, respectively. Similarly, in
terms of Marketing, more girls attended this major than boys, with 120 and 80,
respectively.

B2: In contrast, the figure for boys who enrolled in Maths was significantsly
higher than that for girls with 200 and 52, respectively. Similarly,
Engineering was the least popular major at that university, with only over
50% students of each gender enrolling in it. Lastly, the quantity of boys who
studied Economics was twice as high as that of girls, at 150 and 75, in that
order.

Subjects of comparison: Male/ Female

Criteria: six main subjects

a. Introduction

b. Overview

c. Body
 land lines: Denmark -
> US + sweden ->
Canada + UK
+Germany + Italy

S: France; Criteria: Food and Drink…

Cri 1: Turkey -> Spain + UK -> France + Ger

Cri 2: UK -> France

Hydro cao nhất ở …; fosil fuel cao nhất ở…

Đi từ tiêu chí, không theo từng đối tượng.

 Task 2: “Agree or disagree” essays

Some people say that hosting international sports events is good for the host
country. Do you agree or disagree with this viewpoint?

+ Fully Agree/ Disagree: body 1 (2 ld đồng ý/ ko đồng ý) + body 2: (2 ld đồng

ý/ ko đồng ý)

+ Partly agree/ disagree:

Many international sports events are held every year and many countries have
been chosen as the host. Do you think this is a positive or negative
development?

+ Fully agree/ disagree

+ Both positive and negative

Some people say that hosting international sports event is good for the host
country while some others think that it is bad. Discuss both views and give
your opinion.

+ Both sides

Many countries have been chosen as the host of many international sports
events. Do you think the advantages outweigh the disadvantages?

+ Both sides
1. Essay Structure – Almost balanced view

a. Introduction

Sentence 1: Introduce the issue/ viewpoint

Sentence 2: While I accept A, I believe B.

b. Body 1 – A

c. Body 2 – B

d. Conclusion: Paraphrase the sentence “While I accept A, I believe B”.

2. Practice

Some people say that hosting international sports events is good for the host
country. Do you agree or disagree with this viewpoint?

hosting Manager, moderator, owner,

international Global. Universal, World, foreign,

All-embracing

sports events Athletics, Athletic events,

competition, championship, sports
contest,

a. Introduction & Conclusion

While I accept that this brings with it some neg aspects, I believe that its positive
aspects….
b. Body

On the one hand, there are several drawbacks of holding global sporting
events.

- a huge financial burden on the host country

+ to cover the high cost of constructing new sports facilities and upgrading the
existing ones

+ to take out loans to do it -> national budget -> other aspects - suffer

- a serious threat to the national security of the hosr country

+ a massive influx of tourists from other countries (criminals, terrorists)

On the other hand, I believe that this practice brings with it even more
benefits.

- a chance to develop the economy

+ to attract millions of tourists from all over the world -> greater demand for
accommodation, food, and other services -> job opportunities for local people
and profits for businesses
+ Sea Games -> …
- an opportunity to promote its image on international stages

+ billions of citizens from all around the world – to follow the event  to
introduce their culture and people to global friends

+ World Cup -> …

 ADDITIONAL READING

ADVANTAGES

Verbs to benefit somebody: có lợi cho ai, làm lợi cho ai

to benefit from something: hưởng lợi từ cái gì
 Online shopping benefits consumers.
 Consumers benefit from online shopping.

Adjectives beneficial/ advantageous to somebody/ something: có lợi

positive: mang tính xây dựng, hữu ích
 Online shopping is beneficial/ advantageous to
consumers.
 The trend in which more people go shopping online is
positive.

Nouns benefit: lợi ích

advantage: lợi thế, lợi ích
merit: giá trị
 The benefits/ advantages/ merits of online shopping are
undeniable/ obvious.
 Online shopping brings with it some benefits/ advantages/
merits
 The benefit/ advantage/ merit of online shopping is that …

Verb to have a [favourable/ beneficial/ positive] + [effect/ impact/

phrases influence] on somebody/ something
to bring with it many benefits/ advantages/ merits
 Online shopping has a [favourable/ beneficial/ positive]
[effect/ impact/ influence] on consumers.
 Online shopping brings with it some benefits/ advantages/
merits.

DISADVANTAGES
Verbs to harm somebody/ something: gây hại

 Online shopping harms consumers.

Adjectives detrimental/ harmful/ disadvantageous to somebody/ something:

có hại

negative: tiêu cực

 Online shopping is detrimental to consumers.

 The trend in which more people go shopping online is
negative.

Nouns Drawback/ detriment/ disadvantage/ demerit/ downside/

shortcoming

 The drawbacks of online shopping are undeniable/

obvious.

 Online shopping brings with it some demerits.

 The main downside of online shopping is that …

Verb to have a [deleterious/ detrimental/ negative/ damaging/

phrases destructive/ harmful] + [effect/ impact/ influence] on somebody/
something

to bring with it many drawbacks/ detriments/ disadvantages/

demerits/ shortcomings/ downsides

 Online shopping has a deleterious influence on consumers.

 Online shopping brings with it many shortcomings.