Diseño de viga rectangular por las normas ACI-318-19

Datos:
kip kip
WU ≔ 1.6 ―― WD ≔ 2.8 ―― PL ≔ 7 kip PD ≔ 16 kip
ft ft
Mu ≔ 825.56 ft·kip ϕ ≔ 0.90 β1 ≔ 0.85
f´c ≔ 4 ksi Es ≔ 28985.5072 ksi b ≔ 20 in
fy ≔ 60 ksi ρ ≔ 1.5%

1) Calculo de cargas factorizadas

kip
Wu ≔ 1.2 ⋅ WD + 1.6 ⋅ WU = 5.92 ――
ft
Pu ≔ 1.2 ⋅ PD + 1.6 ⋅ PL = 30.4 kip

1) Predimensionamiento

r ≔ 1.19 in
⎛ ρ ⋅ fy ⎞ ‾‾‾‾‾
Mu
Ru ≔ ϕ ⋅ ρ ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜1 - ――― ⎟ = 0.703 ksi daproximado ≔ ――= 26.548 in
⎝ 1.7 ⋅ f´c ⎠ b ⋅ Ru

d ≔ 26.5 in Peralte efectivo

d ≔ 26.5 in Peralte efectivo

⎛ f´c ⎞ ⎛ 87 ksi ⎞
ρb ≔ 0.85 ⋅ β1 ⋅ ⎜―― ⎟ ⋅ ⎜―――― ⎟ = 0.03
⎝ fy ⎠ ⎝ 87 ksi + fy ⎠

⎛ fy ⎞
⎜ 0.003 + ―― ⎟
⎜ Es ⎟
ρmax ≔ ρb ⋅ ――――= 0.018
⎜ fy ⎟
⎜ 0.006 + ――
Es ⎟⎠
⎝

h ≔ d + r = 27.69 in

As ≔ ρ ⋅ d ⋅ b = 7.95 in 2

2) Calculo del momento máximo resistente

⎛ ((As ⋅ fy)) ⎞
ϕMn ≔ ϕ ⋅ As ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―――― ⎟ = 822.562 ft ⋅ kip
⎝ 1.7 ⋅ f´c ⋅ b ⎠

ϕMn < Mu No cumple con el área de acero, usar Asmax o redimensionar.

Asmax ≔ ρmax ⋅ b ⋅ d = 9.492 in 2

⎛ ((As ⋅ fy)) ⎞
ϕMn ≔ ϕ ⋅ Asmax ⋅ fy ⋅ ⎜d - ―――― ⎟ = 982.11 ft ⋅ kip
⎝ 1.7 ⋅ f´c ⋅ b ⎠
ϕMn > Mu Si cumple con el área de acero, usar Asmax

Usar Var No. 12

Avar12 ≔ 1.767 in 2
Asmax
#Var ≔ ―― = 5.372
Avar12

Usar 6 Var. del No. 12 en lecho inferior.

Datos:
kip kip
DL ≔ 2.3 ―― LL ≔ 1.3 ―― f´c1 ≔ 4 ksi fy1 ≔ 60 ksi b1 ≔ 12 in
ft ft
Es ≔ 28985.5072 ksi ϕ1 ≔ 0.90 β2 ≔ 0.85

1) Calculo de la cargas factorizadas

kip
Wu ≔ 1.2 ⋅ DL + 1.6 ⋅ LL = 4.84 ――
ft

2) Análisis estructural usando Software libre MDsolids

3) Calculamos el porcentaje de acero requerido ⎛⎝ρs⎞⎠

3) Calculamos el porcentaje de acero requerido ⎛⎝ρs⎞⎠

tomando f'c=4 ksi y fy= 60 ksi ρb ≔ 2.85% ρmax ≔ 1.79% ρs ≔ 1.4%

4) Diseño por flexión. ACI318-19

Según análisis estructural:

Mu1 ≔ -275.62 ft ⋅ kip lecho inferior (momento negativo)

Mu2 ≔ 155.03 ft ⋅ kip leco superior (momento positivo)

5) Predimensionamiento

r2 ≔ 2.5 in
⎛ ρs ⋅ fy1 ⎞ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
Mu1
Ru1 ≔ ϕ ⋅ ρs ⋅ fy1 ⋅ ⎜1 - ―――⎟ = 0.663 ksi daprox ≔ ――― = 20.395i in
⎝ 1.7 ⋅ f´c1 ⎠ b1 ⋅ Ru1

‾‾‾‾‾‾
Mu2
def. ≔ 21 in daprox ≔ ――― = 15.296 in
b1 ⋅ Ru1
h2 ≔ r2 + def. = 23.5 in

Diseño lecho inferior

⎛ f´c1 ⎞ ⎛ 87 ksi ⎞ 200
ρb1 ≔ 0.85 ⋅ β2 ⋅ ⎜―― ⎟ ⋅ ⎜――――⎟ = 0.03 ρmin ≔ ――― = 0.0033333
⎝ fy1 ⎠ ⎝ 87 ksi + fy1 ⎠ 60000
⎛ fy1 ⎞
⎜ 0.003 + ―― ⎟ ρmin < ρs < ρmax1 Si cumple el ρs
⎜ Es ⎟
ρmax1 ≔ ρb1 ⋅ ―――― = 0.018
⎜ fy1 ⎟
⎜ 0.006 + ―― ⎟
⎝ Es ⎠

As1 ≔ ρs ⋅ b1 ⋅ def. = 3.528 in 2

6) Calculo del momento máximo resistente

⎛ ⎛⎝As1 ⋅ fy1⎞⎠ ⎞
ϕMn1 ≔ ϕ1 ⋅ As1 ⋅ fy1 ⋅ ⎜def. - ――――⎟ = 292.212 ft ⋅ kip
⎝ 1.7 ⋅ f´c1 ⋅ b1 ⎠
ϕMn1 > Mu1 si cumple. Usar As1. Usar var. No. 10 Av10 ≔ 1.27 in 2
As1
#var ≔ ―― = 2.778 Usar 3 var. del No. 10 en lecho inferior
Av10
Diseño lecho superior
 As1
#var ≔ ―― = 2.778
Av10
Diseño lecho superior
⎛⎝0.85 ⋅ f´c1⎞⎠ ⎛ ‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾‾
⎛ 4 ⋅ Mu2 ⎞⎞
ρs2 ≔ ――――⋅ ⎜1 - 1 - ⎜――――――― ⎟ ⎟ = 0.00693
fy1 ⎜⎝ ⎜⎝ 1.7 ⋅ ϕ1 ⋅ f´c1 ⋅ b 1 ⋅ d 2
ef. ⎟⎠ ⎟⎠
def. ≔ 21 in
b1 = 12 in
As2 ≔ ρs2 ⋅ b1 ⋅ def. = 1.747 in 2

7) Calculo del momento máximo resistente

⎛ ⎛⎝As2 ⋅ fy1⎞⎠ ⎞
ϕMn2 ≔ ϕ1 ⋅ As2 ⋅ fy1 ⋅ ⎜def. - ――――⎟ = 155.03 ft ⋅ kip
⎝ 1.7 ⋅ f´c1 ⋅ b1 ⎠
ϕMn2 > Mu1 si cumple. Usar As2. Usar var. No. 10 Av10 ≔ 1.27 in 2
As2
#var ≔ ―― = 1.376 Usar 2 var. del No. 10 en lecho superior
Av10

Resultados

Viga de concreto armado de 12 x 23.5 in, armada con 3 var. del no. 10 en
lecho inferior y 2 var. del no. 10 en lecho superior.
Datos:
kip kip
DL3 ≔ 1.5 ―― LL3 ≔ 0.77 ―― f´c3 ≔ 3 ksi fy3 ≔ 40 ksi b3 ≔ 12 in
ft ft
Es ≔ 28985.5072 ksi ϕ3 ≔ 0.90 β3 ≔ 0.85

1) Calculo de la cargas factorizadas

kip
Wu ≔ 1.2 ⋅ DL3 + 1.6 ⋅ LL3 = 3.032 ――
ft

2) Análisis estructural usando Software libre MDsolids

3) Calculamos el porcentaje de acero requerido ⎛⎝ρs⎞⎠

 3) Calculamos el porcentaje de acero requerido ⎛⎝ρs⎞⎠

tomando f'c=3 ksi y fy= 40 ksi ρb ≔ 3.71% ρmax ≔ 2.20% ρs3 ≔ 1.4%

4) Diseño por flexión. ACI318-19

Según análisis estructural:

Mu3 ≔ 151.60 ft ⋅ kip lecho inferior (momento negativo)

5) Predimensionamiento

r3 ≔ 3 in
⎛ ρs3 ⋅ fy3 ⎞ ‾‾‾‾‾‾
Mu3
Ru3 ≔ ϕ3 ⋅ ρs3 ⋅ fy3 ⋅ ⎜1 - ―――⎟ = 0.449 ksi daprox3 ≔ ――― = 18.382 in
⎝ 1.7 ⋅ f´c3 ⎠ b3 ⋅ Ru3

def3. ≔ 18.5 in

h3 ≔ r3 + def3. = 21.5 in

As3 ≔ ρs3 ⋅ b3 ⋅ def3. = 3.108 in 2

6) Calculo del momento máximo resistente

⎛ ⎛⎝As3 ⋅ fy3⎞⎠ ⎞
ϕMn3 ≔ ϕ3 ⋅ As3 ⋅ fy3 ⋅ ⎜def3. - ――――⎟ = 153.553 ft ⋅ kip
⎝ 1.7 ⋅ f´c3 ⋅ b3 ⎠
ϕMn3 > Mu3 si cumple. Usar As3. Usar var. No. 10 Av10 ≔ 1.27 in 2
As1
#var ≔ ―― = 2.778 Usar 3 var. del No. 10 en lecho inferior
Av10
Datos:
kip kip
DL4 ≔ 3.93 ―― LL4 ≔ 2.4 ―― f´c4 ≔ 4 ksi fy4 ≔ 60 ksi b4 ≔ 72 in
ft ft
Es ≔ 28985.5072 ksi ϕ4 ≔ 0.90 β4 ≔ 0.85 t4 ≔ 5 in bw4 ≔ 16 in h4 ≔ 24 in
r4 ≔ 3.5 in def4 ≔ h4 - r4 = 20.5 in a4 ≔ t4 = 5 in

1) Calculo de la cargas factorizadas

kip
Wu ≔ 1.2 ⋅ DL4 + 1.6 ⋅ LL4 = 8.556 ――
ft
2) Análisis estructural usando Autodesk Robot structural analysis

Mu4 ≔ 695.82 ft ⋅ kip

4) Calculamos el momento resistente de la sección y el As con el Mu4= 695.82 kip-ft

4) Calculamos el momento resistente de la sección y el As con el Mu4= 695.82 kip-ft
⎛ t4 ⎞
ϕMn4 ≔ ϕ4 ⋅ ⎛⎝0.85 ⋅ f´c4⎞⎠ ⋅ a4 ⋅ b4 ⋅ ⎜def4 - ―⎟ = 1652.4 ft ⋅ kip
⎝ 2⎠
El momento resistente de la sección es mayor al aplicado (Mu), por lo tanto tomar
a= 2 y calcular As
Mu4
As4 ≔ ――――――― = 7.93 in 2
⎛ 2 in ⎞
ϕ4 ⋅ fy4 ⋅ ⎜def4 - ―― ⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠

Revisamos valor de a
⎛⎝As4 ⋅ fy4⎞⎠
a4i ≔ ――――― = 1.944 in
0.85 ⋅ f´c4 ⋅ b4

Mu4
As4i ≔ ――――――――= 7.918 in 2
⎛ 1.944 in ⎞
ϕ4 ⋅ fy4 ⋅ ⎜def4 - ―――⎟
⎝ 2 ⎠

USANDO VAR. DEL No. 11 con Av11 ≔ 1.56 in 2

As4
#var ≔ ―― = 5.083
Av11

Resultados

Viga T de concreto armado de 16 x 24 in, armada con 5 var. del no. 11 en

lecho inferior y 5 var. del no. 11 en lecho superior. Tomando en cuenta que los
momentos son iguales en ambos lechos.