kGw|f}“ jflif{sf]T;j :dfl/sf @)&%
15th Anniversary Souvenir 2019
If]qdf nufgL ug],{ n]vf / n]vfk/LIf0f k4ltnfO{ Jojl:yt ug]{
sfo{ o;leq kb{5g\ .
gofF ;fj{hlgs Joj:yfkg (New Public Management)
gofF ;fj{hlgs Joj:yfkg (NPM) sf] cjwf/0ff !(*)
sf] bzsdf ljsf; ePsf] xf] . lghL If]qsf /fd|f u'0fx¿nfO{
;fj{hlgs If]qdf ;d]t cjnDag ug{ o;n] k|fT] ;flxt ub{5 .
 k/Dk/fut k|zf;gdf /x]sf sdL–sdhf]/L x6fO{ k|lt:kwL{
(Competitive), s'zn (Efficient), k|efjsf/L (Effective)
/ glthfd"ns (Result oriented) Joj:yfkgsf] ¿kdf
¿kfGt/0f ug'k{ 5{ eGg] dfGotf NPM n] af]ss ] f] 5 .
 NPM sf] hGd cy{zf:qsf] 5gf}6sf] l;4fGt (Public
Choice Theory) af6 lgb]{lzt 5 . Client n] ahf/
(Market) af6 cfkm" cg'sn " sf] j:t' / ;]jf 5gf]6 ug{
kfpg'k5{ eGg] o;sf] dfGotf xf] . ;fj{hlgs If]qdf klg
Client jf gful/sn] ;fj{hlgs ;]jfsf] 5gf}6 ug{ kfpg'kg]{
dfGotf NPM n] /fVof] .
 o;}u/L Principal-Agent Theory af6 ;d]t NPM
k|efljt 5 . Principal sf ¿kdf /xg] cfdgful/sk|lt
;]jfk|bfos Agent sf ¿kdf /xg] ;/sf/L sd{rf/Lx¿
lhDd]jf/ / hjfkmb]xL x'gk' 5{ eGg] cjwf/0ffnfO{ NPM n]
klg :jLsf/ u/]sf] 5 . o;n] Client-oriented, accountable
/ Transparent Governance sf] jsfnt ub{5 .
 a]nfotdf nfu" ePsf] Next-step Agency sf] cjwf/0ff
klg NPM s} z[ ª \ v nfsf ¿kdf /Xof] . lean but
Competent Government sf] cjwf/0ff o;df lyof] .
sd{rf/Lsf] efficiency a9fpg], ;fj{hlgs lgsfonfO{ sd
vlr{nf] (Economic) agfpg] / ;]jfd}qL / (Service
Friendly) agfpg] cjwf/0ffnfO{ NPM n] cjnDag ub{5 .
 !(() sf] bzsdf cfPsf] u|fxsd'vL ;f]rs} sf/0f !((!
df a]nfotdf Citizen Charter nfu" eof] . o;n] klg
NPM sf] ljsf;df ;3fp k'¥ofPsf] b]lvG5 .
 !((@ df David Osborn / Ted Gaeblar af6 Re-
inventing Government gfds ljZjrlr{t k':ts k|sfzg
eof] . o;n] New Public Management sf ;du|
cGt/j:t'nfO{ ;d]6s ] f] b]lvG5 . h;cg';f/–
34
(i) Catalystic Government: ;/sf/ ;xof]uL / ;xhsf/L
x'G5 . cGo If]qnfO{ sfd ug{ lbg'k5{ .
(ii) Client Oriented Government: ;]jfu|fxL d}qL tyf
;]jfu|fxLnfO{ s]Gb|ljGb'df /fv]/ ;]jf lbg'kb{5 .
(iii) Community Centric Government: zf;sLo clwsf/x¿
Community ;Dd x:tfGt/0f ug'k{ b{5 . :yfgLo cfjZostf
/ ljsf;sf sfo{df Community nfO{ kl/rfng ug'k{ b{5 .
(iv) Competitive Government: ;/sf/ k|lt:kwL{ x'gk ' 5{ .
;]jfx¿sf] Benchmarking ug]{ / ;]jfk|bfosaLr g} k|lt:kwf{
u/fpg'k5{ .
(v) Result Oriented Government: ;/sf/÷k|zf;g glhtf
pGd'v x'gk' 5{ . ul/Psf] vr{af6 slt pknlAw x'G5÷x'bF g} ,
x]gk{' 5{ . pknlAwdf cfwfl/t vr{ x'gk' 5{ .
(vi) Mission Driven Government: ;/sf/df zf;g nIof]Gd'v
x'gk' 5{ . lglZrt Vision sf ;fy sfo{qmd NofP/ cl3
a9\gk' 5{ .
(vii) Entrepreneur Government: ;/sf/ Jofj;flos
x'gk' b{5 . s]xL g s]xL pknlAw xfl;n ug{ k|oTg ug]{ /
;fwg–;|ft] nfO{ ldtJooL 9+un] kl/rfng ug'k{ b{5 .
(vii) Decentralized Government: ;/sf/n] zf;g k|0ffnLnfO{
ljs]Gb|Lt ug'{k5{ . ;/sf/ af]lemnf] x'g'x'Fb}g . tnsf
lgsfox¿sf] Ifdtf (Competency) clej[l4 ug'{k5{ .
gful/s÷;]jfu|fxLx¿n] tNnf lgsfoaf6 g} ;]jf lng
kfpg'k5{ .
(ix) Market-driven Government: ahf/sf] ?lr / rfxgfnfO{
Wofg lbP/ lghL Jofj;flos pTkfbg / cfk"lt{ u/]h:t}
;/sf/n] klg ;]jfu|fxLsf] rfxgf a'em] / ;]jfsf] ahf/Ls/0f
(Service Marketing) ug'k{ 5{ .
(x) Anticipated Government: s'g} ;d:of cfpg'eGbf cl3
g} ;d:of ;dfwfgsf] tof/L (Preparedness to Solve
any Problem) ug'k{ 5{ . ;d:of cfpg glbg k|oTg ug'k{ b{5 .
 !((* df Al Gore sf] k':ts Red Tapism to Result
oriented rlr{t /Xof] . o;n] Bureaucracy nfO{ s;/L
glthf]Gd'v agfpg] eGg] lrGtg u/]sf] b]lvG5 .
 oltv]/sf] cj:yf Beyond NPM sf] xf] . t/ NPM n]
cl3 ;f/]sf wf/0ff c;fGble{s 5}gg\ .