PROJECT

STRUCTURE 2000L FUEL DAY TANK ELEMENT BASE SLAB REF

CODES BS 8110 : PART 1 :1985 DESIGNED BY KUSHAN CHECKED BY MAHESH 2019‐01‐29
Reference Calculations Output
2.1.1 DESIGN INFORMATION

BS8110:1985 Material Properties
Characteristic strength of concrete, fcu = 25 N/mm2
Table 3.1 Characteristic strength of steel, fy = 460 N/mm2
Density of concrete, ρct = 24 kN/m3
Nominal maximum size of aggregate hagg = 20 mm

Durability Requirement
Exposure condition = Severe
Clause 2.7.6
Fire resistance = 1 hours

Base Slab Section Properties
Thickness of slab h = 200 mm
Length of slab ly = 3000 mm
Width of slab lx = 2000 mm

Reinforcement Properties
Reinforcement design width, bt = 1000 mm
Bottom r/f span shortway  ØB1 = T 10 bars
Top r/f span shortway  ØT1 = T 10 bars
Bottom r/f span longway ØB2 = T 10 bars
Top r/f span longway ØT2 = T 10 bars

2.1.2 DESIGN FORCES

Load Case : 1.4DL + 1.6LL
BM, M [kNm/m]
SF, V [kN/m]
FROM SAP2000  Direction Span Support
MODEL ULS ULS ULS

Shortway 1.50 1.50 5.00

Longway 1.50 1.50 5.00

Discontinuous

Position ‐ 2
ly = 3000 mm
Discontinuous
Discontinuous

Position ‐ 3
Position ‐ 1

lx = 2000 mm

Position ‐ 4

Discontinuous
PROJECT
STRUCTURE 2000L FUEL DAY TANK ELEMENT BASE SLAB REF
CODES BS 8110 : PART 1 :1985 DESIGNED BY KUSHAN CHECKED BY MAHESH 2019‐01‐29
Reference Calculations Output
2.1.3 DETERMINATION OF COVER
Grade of concrete = 25
Table 3.4 → Cover > ‐
Exposure condition = Severe
Table 3.5 Fire resistance = 1 hours → Cover > 20
Clause 3.3.1.3 Nominal maximum size of aggregate = 20 mm → Cover > 20
Clause 3.3.1.2 Maximum bar size = 10 mm → Cover > 10
Minimum nominal cover = 50 mm Cover = 50mm

Check for minimum dimension of slab for fire resistance
Figure 3.2
Requirement for minimum thickness of 200mm thick 
= 95 mm
slab for 1 hours fire resistance

≤ 200 mm

→ OK OK

Effective depth for top reinforcement short  dT1 = h ‐ cover ‐ ØT1/2

span direction = 200 ‐ 50 ‐ 10/2
= 145 mm dT1 = 145mm

Effective depth for top reinforcement long  dT2 = h ‐ cover ‐ ØT1 ‐ ØT2/2

span direction = 200 ‐ 50 ‐ 10 ‐ 10/2
= 135 mm dT2 = 135mm

Effective depth for bottom reinforcement  dB1 = h ‐ cover ‐ ØB1/2

short span direction = 200 ‐ 50 ‐ 10/2
= 145 mm dB1 = 145mm

Effective depth for bottom reinforcement  dB2 = h ‐ cover ‐ ØB1 ‐ ØB2/2

long span direction = 200 ‐ 50 ‐ 10 ‐ 10/2
= 135 mm dB2 = 135mm

Bottom Reinforcement 
Shortway direction
Bending moment in shortway direction M = 1.50 kNm /m width

Clause 3.4.4.4 K = M/bd2fcu
= 1.5x10^6/[1000x145^2x25]
= 0.003
K < 0.156, and compression r/f are not required

Clause 3.4.4.4 Z = [0.5+(0.25‐K/0.9)1/2]d
= [0.5+(0.25‐0.003/0.9)^0.5]d
= 1.00 d
Limiting Z=0.95d, Z = 138 mm

Clause 3.4.4.4 Required steel area to carry bending  As,req = M/0.87fyZ

moment, = (1.5x10^6)/(0.87x460x137.75)
= 27 mm2/m width
Hence required steel % for bending moment = 100As,req/bd
= 100x27/(1000x145)
= 0.02 %
Required minimum percentage of tension 
= 0.13 % > 0.02 %
reinforcement 
→ Use minimum % of r/f
Clause  The maximum spacing of reinforcement for slabs with  = lesser of (3d or 750)
3.12.11.2.6 less than 200mm thick = 435 mm
Bottom r/f in shortway direction, provide T10 @ 200 mm C/C Providing  393 mm2/m width
PROJECT
STRUCTURE 2000L FUEL DAY TANK ELEMENT BASE SLAB REF
CODES BS 8110 : PART 1 :1985 DESIGNED BY KUSHAN CHECKED BY MAHESH 2019‐01‐29
Reference Calculations Output

Longway direction
Bending moment in shortway direction M = 1.50 kNm /m width

Clause 3.4.4.4 K = M/bd2fcu
= 1.5x10^6/[1000x135^2x25]
= 0.003
K < 0.156, and compression r/f are not required

Clause 3.4.4.4 Z = [0.5+(0.25‐K/0.9)1/2]d
= [0.5+(0.25‐0.003/0.9)^0.5]d
= 1.00 d
Limiting Z=0.95d, Z = 128 mm

Clause 3.4.4.4 Required steel area to carry bending  As,req = M/0.87fyZ

moment, = (1.5x10^6)/(0.87x460x128.25)
= 29 mm2/m width
Hence required steel % for bending moment = 100As,req/bd
= 100x29/(1000x135)
= 0.02 %
Required minimum percentage of tension 
= 0.13 % > 0.02 %
reinforcement 
→ Use minimum % of r/f
Clause  The maximum spacing of reinforcement for slabs with  = lesser of (3d or 750)
3.12.11.2.6 less than 200mm thick = 405 mm
Bottom r/f in longway direction, provide T10 @ 200 mm C/C Providing  392.7 mm2/m width

Top Reinforcement 

Shortway direction
equation 14 Bending moment in shortway direction msx = 1.50 kNm /m width

Clause 3.4.4.4 K = M/bd2fcu
= 1.5x10^6/[1000x145^2x25]
= 0.003
K < 0.156, and compression r/f are not required

Clause 3.4.4.4 Z = [0.5+(0.25‐K/0.9)1/2]d
= [0.5+(0.25‐0.003/0.9)^0.5]d
= 1.00 d
Limiting Z=0.95d, Z = 138 mm

Clause 3.4.4.4 Required steel area to carry bending  As,req = M/0.87fyZ

moment, = (1.5x10^6)/(0.87x460x137.75)
= 27 mm2/m width
Hence required steel % for bending moment = 100As,req/bd
= 100x27/(1000x145)
= 0.02 %
Required minimum percentage of tension 
= 0.13 % > 0.02 %
reinforcement 
→ Use minimum % of r/f
Clause  The maximum spacing of reinforcement for slabs with  = lesser of (3d or 750)
3.12.11.2.6 less than 200mm thick = 435 mm
Top r/f in shortway direction, provide T10 @ 200 mm C/C Providing  392.7 mm2/m width
PROJECT
STRUCTURE 2000L FUEL DAY TANK ELEMENT BASE SLAB REF
CODES BS 8110 : PART 1 :1985 DESIGNED BY KUSHAN CHECKED BY MAHESH 2019‐01‐29
Reference Calculations Output
Longway direction
equation 14 Bending moment in shortway direction msy = 1.50 kNm /m width

Clause 3.4.4.4 K = M/bd2fcu
= 1.5x10^6/[1000x135^2x25]
= 0.003
K < 0.156, and compression r/f are not required

Clause 3.4.4.4 Z = [0.5+(0.25‐K/0.9)1/2]d
= [0.5+(0.25‐0.003/0.9)^0.5]d
= 1.00 d
Limiting Z=0.95d, Z = 128 mm

Clause 3.4.4.4 Required steel area to carry bending  As,req = M/0.87fyZ

moment, = (1.5x10^6)/(0.87x460x128.25)
= 29 mm2/m width
Hence required steel % for bending moment = 100As,req/bd
= 100x29/(1000x135)
= 0.02 %
Required minimum percentage of tension 
Table 3.27 = 0.13 % > 0.02 %
reinforcement 
→ Use minimum % of r/f
Clause  The maximum spacing of reinforcement for slabs with  = lesser of (3d or 750)
3.12.11.2.6 less than 200mm thick = 405 mm
Top r/f in longway direction, provide T10 @ 200 mm C/C Providing  392.7 mm2/m width

Nominal reinforcement for discontinuous edge

Required minimum percentage of tension 
Table 3.27 = 0.13 %
reinforcement 

Shortway direction
Clause  The maximum spacing of reinforcement for slabs with  = lesser of (3d or 750)
3.12.11.2.6 less than 200mm thick = 435 mm
Top r/f in shortway direction for discontinuous edge, provide T10 @ 200 mm C/C providing
393 mm2/m width

Longway direction
Clause  The maximum spacing of reinforcement for slabs with  = lesser of (3d or 750)
3.12.11.2.6 less than 200mm thick = 405 mm
Top r/f in longway direction for discontinuous edge, provide T10 @ 200 mm C/C providing
392.7 mm2/m width

Shear resistance of slab

Maximum design shear force in slab Vmax = 5.00 kN/m width

=

Minimum effective depth in slab dmin = 135 mm

Maximum possible design shear stress in  vmax = Vmax/bdmin

slab = (5x10^3)/(1000x135)
= 0.037 N/mm2

Minimum of (0.8√fcu or 5 N/mm2) = 4.00 N/mm3 > v

→ Ok Ok
PROJECT
STRUCTURE 2000L FUEL DAY TANK ELEMENT BASE SLAB REF
CODES BS 8110 : PART 1 :1985 DESIGNED BY KUSHAN CHECKED BY MAHESH 2019‐01‐29
Reference Calculations Output
(100As/bd)min → 100As,max/bdmin = (100x392.7)/(1000x145)
= 0.270828 < 3
BS8110:1985 
→ Ok
Part ‐ 1        Table 
3.9 Conditions to 
400/dmin = 400/135
Satisfy
= 2.962963 > 1
→ Ok

1/3 1/4 1/3

Table 3.9 Minimum possible design shear  vc, min = 0.79[100As/bd] [400/d] [fcu/25] /γm
stress capacity of slab, = {0.79[0.3]^(1/3)x[3]^(1/4)x[25/25]^(1/3)}/1.25
= 0.54 N/mm2
> vmax → OK OK

Deflection
Actual (Span/effective depth) ratio le/d = 13.79

Table 3.10 Basic (Span/effective depth) ratio = 20.00

5fyAs, req 1
equation 7 Design service stress fs = x
8As, prov βo
5x460x27 1
= x
8x392.7 1
= 19.76704 N/mm2

Modification factor for tension  [477 ‐ fs]
Table 3.11 = 0.55 + 2 ≤ 2.0
reinforcements, 120[0.9 + M/bd ]
477 ‐ 19.77
= 0.55 +
120[0.9 + (1.5x10^6)/(1000x145^2)]

= 2.00

Allowable (Span/effective depth) ratio = 20x2
= 40.0 ≥ le/d
Deflection of slab is adequate OK

2.1.4 SUMMARY OF REINFORCEMENT

Span shortway r/f = T10 @ 200 mm C/C

Span longway r/f = T10 @ 200 mm C/C
Continuous edge shortway r/f = T10 @ 200 mm C/C
Continuous edge longway r/f = T10 @ 200 mm C/C

If necessary provide
Discontinuous edge shortway r/f = T10 @ 200 mm C/C
Discontinuous edge longway r/f = T10 @ 200 mm C/C
PROJECT
STRUCTURE 2000L FUEL DAY TANK ELEMENT BASE SLAB REF
CODES BS 8110 : PART 1 :1985 DESIGNED BY KUSHAN CHECKED BY MAHESH 2019‐01‐29
Reference Calculations Output
Reinforcement to Resist Shrinkage and Thermal Movement in Immature Concrete

Thermal Requirement
BS8007:1987 Fall in temperature between the hydration peak and ambient,
T1 = 31 °C
Fall in temperature due to seasonal  variations, T2 = 11 °C
o ‐1
Coefficient of thermal expansion of mature concrete, α = 1.0E‐05 C

BS8007:1987  Assume continuous constructions without movement joints [Option ‐1]
Table 5.1
BS8007:1987  Critical steel ratio, ρcrit = 0.0035
Table A.1
BS8007:1987 
Ratio of tensile strength to average bond  fct/fb = 0.67
Table A.1
strength between concrete and steel,

BS8007:1987  Restraint factor, R = 0.5

Clause A.5
BS8007:1987  Maximum crack spacing, smax = [fct/fb][Ф/2ρ]
Clause A.3 Maximum crack width, wmax = smaxRα[T1+T2]
BS8007:1987  Maximum allowable crack width, wmax = 0.3 mm
Clause 2.2.3.3
Required steel ratio based on the areas of  [fct/fb]Rα[T1+T2]Ф
ρ =
surface zone, 2wmax
[0.67] x 0.5 x 1.0E‐05[31 + 11]Ф
=
2x0.3
= 0.00020 Ф

For shortway direction, ρ1 = 0.0002x10
= 0.002 < ρcrit → Not Ok use 0.0035
For longway direction, ρ2 = 0.0002x10
= 0.002 < ρcrit → Not Ok use 0.0035

BS8007:1987  Thickness of surface zone, tzone = 100 mm

Figure A.1
Therefore Required minimum steel area of 
As,req = 0.0035x100x1000
surface zone in shortway direction
2
= 350 mm /m width
Provided minimum r/f in shortway direction As,prov = 392.7 mm2/m width
→ Ok Ok

Therefore Required minimum steel area of 
As,req = 0.0035x100x1000
surface zone in longway direction
= 350 mm2/m width
Provided minimum r/f in longway direction As,prov = 392.7 mm2/m width
→ Ok Ok