16/10/2022 Mia

FAMILY AND FRIENDS 6BC - ENGLISH 8

Unit 7.2: Pollution
1. VOCABULARY – TỪ VỰNG
Pollution – Sự ô nhiễm
- come up with (v) /kʌm ʌp wɪð/: nghĩ ra - discharge (v, n): sự dỡ hàng, sự tháo ra
- contaminant (n) /kənˈtæmɪnənt/: chất gây bẩn - disease (n): bệnh tật
- contaminate (v) /kənˈtæmɪneɪt/: làm bẩn - dramatic (adj): nghiêm trọng
- dump (v) /dʌmp/: vứt, bỏ - dump (v): đổ, vứt bỏ
- earplug (n) /ˈɪəplʌɡ/: cái nút tai - dust (n): bụi
- effect (n) /ɪˈfekt/: kết quả - earth’s surface (n): bề mặt Trái Đất
- fine (v) /faɪn/: phạt tiền - environmental (adj): thuộc môi trường
- float (v) /f əʊt/: nổi - expose (v): tiếp xúc
- groundwater (n) /ˈɡraʊndwɔːtə/: nước ngầm - factory (n): nhà máy
- hearing loss (n) /ˈhɪərɪŋ lɒs/: mất thính lực - fume (n): khói thải
- illustrate (v) /ˈɪləstreɪt/: minh họa - ground water (n): nước ngầm
- permanent (adj) /ˈpɜːmənənt/: vĩnh viễn - harmful (adj): có hại
- point source pollution (n) /pɔɪnt sɔːs pəˈluːʃn/: ô nhiễmcó nguồn - home village (n): quê nhà
- poison (n, v) /ˈpɔɪzn/: chất độc, làm nhiễm độc - household (n, adj): hộ gia đình, thuộc gia đình
- pollutant (n) /pəˈluːtənt/: chất gây ô nhiễm - industrial (adj): thuộc về công nghiệp
- radiation (n) /ˌreɪdiˈeɪʃn/: phóng xạ - land/soil pollution (n): ô nhiễm đất
- radioactive (adj) /ˌreɪdiəʊˈæktɪv/: thuộc về phóng xạ - lead to (v): dẫn tới
- thermal (adj) /ˈθɜːml/: thuộc về nhiệt - light pollution (n): ô nhiễm ánh sáng
- noise pollution (n): ô nhiễm tiếng ồn
- untreated (adj) /ˌʌnˈtriːtɪd/: không được xử lý

2. GRAMMAR – NGỮ PHÁP

Câu điều kiện loại 1 Câu điều kiện loại 2
Câu điều kiện loại 1 diễn tả sự việc, hiện tượng có thể Câu điều kiện loại 2 diễn tả sự việc, hiện tượng không
xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai. thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai.
If + S + V (HTĐ), S will/ can+ V. If + S + Ved (QKĐ), S + would/ could + V.
Examples: Examples:
- If I prepare for my final exam carefully, I will pass the- If my mother stayed at home now, she would cook a
exam. lot of delicious food.
- If she goes to bed late, she will be tired tomorrow. - If they remembered to lock the door, the thief couldn’t
- If you don’t buy this dress, others will take it. get in.
NOTE: Thì hiện tại đơn có thể được dùng trong mệnh - If it didn’t rain now, I would go out.
đề chính để diễn tả một điều kiện luôn đúng. NOTE: Với câu điều kiện loại 2, với mọi chủ ngữ thì
tobe đều được chia về were.
Examples:
- If I were you, I would talk to my teacher.
- If he were here, he could give me a lift.
- If we were able to fly, we wouldn’t need vehicles.
LIÊN TỪ CHỈ NGUYÊN NHÂN – KẾT QUẢ
1. Liên từ kết hợp với mệnh đề (S – V – O): because, since, as
Form: S – V – O + because/ since/ as + S – V – O
Examples:
- We protect the environment because it saves our lives.
- She called me since she wanted to borrow some money from me.
- As this chemical is harmful, the government prohibited the production of it.
2. Liên từ kết hợp với danh từ/ danh động từ (N/ V-ing): because of, due to, owing to
Form: S – V – O + because of/ due to/ owing to + N/ V-ing
 Examples:
- They stayed at home because of not having anything to do.
- Due to the rain, the event had to be cancelled.
- My mother can’t go with me owing to her work.
3. Các cụm động từ chỉ quan hệ nguyên nhân – kết quả: cause, lead to, result in
Form: S + cause/ lead to/ result in + N
Examples:
- Human’s deforestation causes depletion in the Ozone layer.
- Air pollution leads to a lot of respiratory diseases.

3. HOMEWORK – BÀI TẬP VỀ NHÀ

 Chép nội dung phiếu vào vở để ghi nhớ kiến thức.
 Hoàn thành phiếu BTVN và nộp vào buổi học sau.

PRACTICE WORKSHEET
Ex1: Use the correct form of the word given to complete each sentence.
1. It’s evidence that this ocean is clean and environmentally . (pollute)
2. Diseases are primarily due to food and air. (contaminate)
3. While some Chemicals may be harmless others can cause . (damage)
4. Life expectancy has gone down due to diseases caused by air pollution. (die)
5. In remote regions, the air is pure and the crops are free of insecticides. (poison)
6. Some scientists warn that light damages people and animals. (pollute)
Ex2: Underline the correct preposition in each of the following sentences.
1. Water pollution can be harmful at / to fish and animals that live along the river.
2. Using drinking water to water the garden is a waste from / of natural resources.
3. Ways must be found to prevent the poisonous gases on / from polluting the air.
4. Textile factories dump tonnes of toxic waste into / at the Citarum River.
5. She’s come up to / with amazing new ideas to help protect the environment.
6. Noise pollution can have harmful effects on / in human health.
7. The overuse of pesticides causes damage in / to the environment.
8. Too much of light pollution results in / of increase in the energy consumption.
9. The river has been polluted with / from toxic waste from local factories.
10. Children should be aware at / of the environmental issues we’re facing.
Ex3: Make questions for the underlined words.
1.
Water pollution is the contamination of water bodies, such as lakes, rivers and oceans.
2.
The river water is heavily contaminated because of toxic waste dumping.
3.
There are five major types of pollution.
4.
If I were the President, I would ban cars from city centres.
5.
Most of the plastic waste ends up in the oceans.
6.
Death or disfiguration are common effects of exposure to radioactive waste.
7.
Ho Chi Minh City is more polluted than Danang.
8.
In my neighbourhood, garbage is collected everyday.
9.
Every individual is responsible for solving environmental issues.
10.
Land pollution can be prevented by the proper disposing of the litter.
 HOMEWORK

Ex1: Complete the passage with the words from the box.
honking loss commonly source referred rural unheard even
A screaming child, TV blaring in the living room, a vacuum cleaner, loud music coming from a teen’s
source
bedroom: a busy home can be a (1)________________of constant noise. Once you step outside,
there’s (2)_______________more
even noise pollution. On an average day, you may hear your
neighbour’s lawn mower, (3)___________________cars,
honking sirens, maybe even ear-shatteringsounds
of a construction or a work site-a saw, a drill, a jackhammer. Welcome to the modern- and very noisy
rural
- world. Unless you live in a very quiet (4) ____________________area, you are nostranger to
commonly
the phenomenon of environmental noise, (5)_______________called noise pollution. Noise
pollution is often (6)______________________to
referred as the “modern unseen plague” for good reason.
Itmay be unseen but certainly not (7) __________________
unheard ! It disturbs us practically everywhere
we go,day and night. And, besides leading to hearing (8) ______________
loss it impacts our physical
andmental health in more ways than one.

Ex2: Read the passage, then do the tasks.

According to Greenpeace, more than 100,000 sea creatures and a million sea birds die every year after
eating plastic or getting trapped in plastic rubbish. Sometimes, when baby turtles get trapped in plastic
the shape of their Shell changes when they grow. Some sea creatures make their homes in plastic
rubbish, such as the hermit crabs that live on polluted Pacific beaches.
Every year, the world produces more than 300 million tonnes of plastic! In a minute, people around the
globe use more than a million plastic bags and they throw away more than a million plastic bottles.
Where will all this plastic end up? About 10% of it will be recycled, and some will go to landfill, but a
lot of it will end up polluting the oceans. Experts estimate that there are already 200 million tonnes of
plastic in the world’s oceans, and this will increase by about 7 million tonnes every year.
Because plastic isn’t biodegradable it won’t decompose naturally, so all the plastic that we have now in
the world will exist forever. That means we’ll need to clean up the oceans if we want to protect our sea
creatures. Better still, if we don’t use so much plastic, it won’t endup in the ocean! Experts are warning
that if we don’t take urgent action, there might be more plastic than fish in the sea by 2050.
A. Match the words to their definitions.
1. getting trapped d a. finish, arrive
2. shell e b. make something free from pollutants
3. end up a c. able to decay naturally by bacteria
4. landfill f d. being unable to escape from
5. clean up b e. the hard part on the back of a turtle
6. biodegradable c f. a place in the ground to put rubbish

B. Decide whether the following statements are true (T) or false (F).
1. Plastic rubbish kills a million birds every year. T
2. The hermit crabs living on Pacific beaches die because of plastic pollution. F
3. Around the world, people use more plastic bottles than bags. F
4. Less than half of plastic bottles and bags end up getting recycled. T
5. Plastic rubbish will disappear naturally over time. F
6. It is predicted that there will be more plastic than fish in the oceans by 2050. T
C. Answer the questions.
7. What never decomposes?
Plastic never decomposes.
8. How many tones of plastic are dumped in the oceans every year?
There are already 200 milion tonnes of plastic dumped in the oceans every year.

9. Why do we need to clean up the oceans?

We need to clean up the oceans to protect our sea creatures.
10. What can we personally do to help resolve this problem?
To help resolve this problem, we don't use so much plastic.

Ex3: Reorder the words to make full sentences.

1. of bodies/ directly/ Air pollution/ contaminate/ can/ of water and soil/ the surface.
Air pollution can directly contaminate the surface of bodies of water and soil.
2. trees/ so much/ don’t/ We/ if/ we/ waste/ will/ thousands of/ paper/ save.
We will save thousands of trees if we don’t waste so much paper.
3. would/ bad/air pollution/ What/ got/ you/ really/ do/ if?
What would you do if air pollution got really bad?
4. as/ the death/ Polluted water/ animals/ of/ fish and crabs/ such/ aquatic/ causes.
Polluted water causes the death of aquatic animals such as fish, crabs.
5. went/ more/ less/ to/ If/ we/ recycled/ rubbish/ landfill sites.
If we recycled more, less rubbish went to landfill sites.
6. the overuse/ has/ Agriculture/ on/ an/ land pollution/ impact/ of/ Chemicals/ due to.
Agriculture has an impact on land pollution due to the overuse of Chemicals.