Metal vs Nonmetal

METALS vs NON-METAL in periodic table

 There is a zig-zag or staircase line that divides the table.
 Metals are on the left of the line, in blue.
 Nonmetals are on the right of the line, in orange.
PROPERTIES OF METALS vs NON-METAL
METALS NON-METALS
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES  Solid at room temperature  Can be gas, solid, or liquid at room
- exception: Hg temperature
 Good conductors of heat and electricity  Come in all colors
 Ductility and malleability  No metallic luster
 Shinning luster  Poor conductors
 High density  Brittle
 High melting points  Odors or pungent
CHEMICAL PROPERTIES  Lose Electrons Tend to gain electrons
(makes positive ion) (makes negative ion)
 Corrode easily

Physical property of metal & non-metal

Corrosion of metal
Mechanism or steps Involved in corrosion

1. A metal in contact with a solution with corrode if there are chemical species in the solution which can be rediuced at a potential
more positive than the reduction

 Corrosion – is the chemical attack on the metal by its environment

 Chemical attack is a chemical reaction in which a metal is oxidized. The reaction is electrochemical in nature

Factors affect the rate of corrosion

Presence of corrosion agent
 Example: SO2 and CO2 dissolve in water form acid solution (H2SO3) and increase rate of corrosion

Position in electrochemical series

 Metals high in the electrochemical series, have large positive oxidation potentials corrode easily

 Example: group 3B elements, lanthanides, alkali and alkaline earth

Type of film or coating formed on the surface of metal

 Example: aluminum and magnesium actually reacts when expose to air but a thin closely packed film of oxide that forms on the
surface protects the underlying metal to prevent corrosion

WHAT IS A SEMICONDUCTOR?

A semiconductor is a material which has electrical conductivity between that of a conductor such as copper and an insulator such as
glass. The conductivity of a semiconductor increases with increasing temperature, behaviour opposite to that of a metal