ARTA111 FINALS

11
Mr. Victor Felicia / First Semester
Reporters: Danica Banug, Cyphere Costelo, Crissa Custodio, Catrina Penales, April Villaflores 22
Transcriber: Kathleen Venus

CONTEMPORARY ART
- Artists gave their nod to
OUTLINE abstraction
I. Defining the Contemporary - Beliefs were reflected in
II. Contemporary Art vs. Modern Art art, in the way people
a. Modern Art used images, and
i. How Modern Art started a new period activities they engaged
b. Contemporary Art in Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La

c. Societal Interaction of Contemporary and - Heavy mass production Grande Jatte

Georges Seurat

Modern Art of goods, encouraging 1884-86

III. Social Context: In between Contemporary Art environment made

and Modern Art possible by industrialization, new technology,
IV. Art Movements urbanization, the rise of commercially even culture
a. Abstract Expressionism - Secularization of society, interest in nature, and the
b. Optical Art primacy of self and individuality
c. Kinetic Art - Artists in this period drew the world but in their own
d. Gutai terms
e. Minimalism - A fast number of different movements
f. Pop Art
g. Postmodernism HOW MODERN ART STARTED A NEW PERIOD
h. Contemporary Art - Impressionism
i. Neo Pop Art - Began in Paris
j. Photorealism - A reaction to a rather formal and rigorous style of
k. Conceptualism painting practiced in studios and dictated by
l. Performance Art conventional organizations such as the Academie
m. Installation Art des Beaux-Arts.
n. Earth Art - Post-Impressionists primarily composed their works
o. Street Art independently of others, allowing them to
experiment in a variety of directions, ranging from
DEFINING THE CONTEMPORARY intensified Impressionism, as typified by van Gogh,
Contemporary to pointillism, as seen in Seurat's most famous work
- Living or occurring at the same time. Sunday Afternoon on the Island of La Grande Jatte
- Belonging to or occurring in the present (1884–86).
- Simple and straightforward
CONTEMPORARY ART
There are museums, for example, that include name of - “The Rule Breaker”
artists, art forms, or artwork in their institution’s name, but - The period after modern art
seem to champion works that arguably fall under an earlier - Had fewer under its wing
period such as: - This period can be traced from
1. Institute of Contemporary Art in London the 1970s to the present
- Founded in 1947 - Two reasons behind this cut-off:
- Includes in its mandate "the promotion of art came o The 1970s saw the
to be from that year onwards" emergence of
2. New Museum of Contemporary Art “postmodernism.” The
- "New Museum TATE" affix was a clue that Pure Pop (Mona Lisa)
Orlando Quevedo
- Framed contemporaneity on a ten-year rolling basis whatever followed was
- Placed under their bounds segregated from its
precursor.
CONTEMPORARY ART VS. MODERN ART o The 1970s saw the decline of the clearer-
‘Modern’ and ‘Contemporary’ identified artistic movement
- Synonymous
- When these terms are used in the context of art, Modern and Contemporary art are two distinct periods of art
they refer to two different (but consecutive) periods. Modern Art Contemporary Art
Emphasizes innovation and
Expression of personality
MODERN ART freedom
- The Focuses on societal
predecessor of influence
contemporary A wider range of materials
Mostly made on canvas
art (e.g. object design, tech-
- Saw the enabled, artwork, and
digression of graphical arts)
artists away Wheatfield with Crows
Vincent Van Gogh
from past conversations and 1890

traditions toward freedom

- "Anything goes"
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- The 1860s - late 1970s

[ARTA111] 1.11 CONTEMPORARY ART – Mr. Victor Felicia
SOCIETAL INTERACTION OF CONTEMPORARY ART - Other artists expanded their works to include other
AND MODERN ART materials such as:
- While you may be drawn to art, it's critical to o Plexiglass
recognize and comprehend what it is about the art o Nails
that draws you in, as well as whatever aspect o Metal Rods
appeals to you the most.
- Contemporary art flourished with Modernism at first, KINETIC ART
but it is today seen as distinct from that. - From the early 1950s
- The Contemporary Art Society was created by onward
Roger Fry and his associates in 1910. - The quest for actual
- Modern art is defined by academics as a distinct movement in the works
style that corresponds to a certain time period. The created was responded to
modern style, on the other hand, evolves with time, by kinetic art Strandbeest
Theo Jansen
resulting in a wider range of methods and outputs. - Harnessing the current and
direction of the wind components
SOCIAL CONTEXT: IN BETWEEN CONTEMPORARY ART of the artwork was an example of how art and
& MODERN ART technology can be brought together.
- Social, Political & Cultural contexts continue to
provoke artists. Theo Jansen
- Artworks made are more on societal issues. - One of the most recent kinetic
- The majority doesn’t really care about the medium artists to gain attention with his
or technique used in the artwork but rather about massive sculptures or beasts, as he
the meaning. likes to refer to them. Using plastic
- Appeals to global and local audiences. tubes and PVC pipes, he has
- Contemporary art is heavily driven by ideas, created several life forms that took
theories, and notions of what is and can be over the seaside.
considered as ‘art’.
GUTAI
ART MOVEMENTS - 1950s -1970s
These art movements laid the groundwork for the transition - In Japan, during the post-
of Contemporaneity war, they utilized platforms
that were grounded in one
ABSTRACT EXPRESSIONISM movement and a sense of
- Early-1940s' to Mid-1960s' dynamism to convey ideas
- Basic tenets of abstraction attached to the new-found
combined them with gesture freedom, individuality, and openness to the
techniques, mark-making, international sphere.
and a rugged spontaneity in - Termed Gutai "Individuality and openness to
its visual articulation concreteness".
- Often affiliated with New - Preceded the later forms of performance and
York painters (New York conceptual art.
School) Multiple platforms:
- Artists are committed to o Theatrical events
creating abstract works that o Installation
Woman, I.
had the ability to convey elicit Willem de Kooning o Painting
1950-52
emotion, especially those
residing in the subconscious. Yoshihara Jiro
- Two major styles emerge from this: Action painting - Founder of the Gutai Art Association
and Colour fields. (1952)
Action Painting
- Emphasizes the creation process in that it shows
the physicality, direction, and most often, the
spontaneity of the action of the strokes. Kazuo Shiraga
Colour Fields - Utilized his body,
- Emphasizes the emotional power of colors. From - writhing in a pile of mud.
the vivid demarcations to the more toned-down
transitions, these bands of color were akin to the
effects of landscapes.
MINIMALISM
OPTICAL ART - Cropped up in the
- From the early 1960s early 1960s in New
onward York
- Creating energy was the - An extreme type of
center of Optical art (also abstraction that
called "op art") favored geometric
- Relied on creating an illusion shapes, color fields,
- Achieved through the Zebra
and the use of
systematic and precise Victor Vasarely
1937
objects and
Untitled
manipulation of shapes and materials that had an “industrial” Robert Morris
colors. sparse.
- Creating movement that shows a certain kind of - The new art favored the cool over the dramatic. The
dynamism. sculptures were frequently fabricated from industrial
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[ARTA111] 1.11 CONTEMPORARY ART – Mr. Victor Felicia
materials and emphasized anonymity over the - Sub-movements under this broad umbrella were
expressive excess of abstract expressionism. minimalism, conceptual art, video art, performance
- “Its subtext was deference from the truth, as a thing art, installation art, and even feminist art.
was presented as itself, without pretensions or - Although they were widely accepted and recognized
embellishments” to be formal movements during the 1970s, they
were in fact already in existence as early as the
POP ART 1920s.
- 1950 – 1970
- It first emerged in the mid- CONTEMPORARY ART
1950s but reached its peak in - The main development during this time were the
the 1960s. turn from the traditional notions of what art is:
- One of the most identifiable - From paintings and sculptures to the more
and relatable movements in experimental formats;
art history as it drew o Films
inspiration, sources, and materials from commercial o Photography
culture. o Video
- The movement was critical of the artworks that had o Performance
no relationship with real life. o Installation
- They used commodities designed and made for the o Site-specific works
masses, particularly ads, packaging, comic books, o Earth works
movies and movie posters, and pop music. - These formats tend to overlap leading to interesting
- Their aim was to elevate popular culture at par with and dynamic or also called “unheard combinations
fine art. of concepts, subjects, materials, techniques, and
- Their defining feature was the discussions on the methods of creation, experience, and analysis
hierarchy (and divide between) of “high culture”; - Contemporary art is the most socially aware and
“fine art” and “low art.” involved form of art
- "Pop art is popular (designed for - The subject matter of the works was one of the
a mass audience), transient (short-term most pressing, heated, and controversial issues of
solution), expandable (easily forgotten), contemporary society
low cost, mass-produced, young (aimed
at youth), witty, sexy, gimmicky, NEO POP ART
glamorous, big business.” - Richard - 1980’s
Hamilton - The difference from pop art
Criticisms: was that it appropriated
- Lacks the elevated and superior aura that many some of the first ideas of
artists considered to be art required. dada in which ready-made
- Absent criticality in an object at all as it also became materials were used for the
somewhat detached from the life it talked about. artwork
Artists: - Dada was a movement that
- Illustrators was very much against the Andy Warhol
- graphic designers values of the bourgeois, the
- billboard painters. colonial, and the national.
- Both anarchic as it was referencing anarchy-the war
POSTMODERNISM ensued because of the values of the movement
- late 1950s - late 20th century abhors and despises
- The most pertinent movement that solidified the o Puppy by Jeff Koons
move to contemporary art. o Uses computer modeling to
- Postmodernism encroaches on other smaller create a behemoth of a sculptural work-a
movements that included conceptual art, neo- giant topiary that refers back to saccharine
expressionism, feminist art, and Young British ideas of sentimentality, security, and
Artists of the 1990s, among others. banality
- Grounded on skepticism about ideals and grand
narratives, it was rooted in analytic philosophy
during the mid-to-late twentieth century, which PHOTOREALISM
highlighted the importance of individual experience - Painstaking attention to detail is
and was often steeped in complexity and aimed, without asserting an artist’s
contradiction. personal style.
- As an upshot, formerly rules, barriers, and - Drawing and paintings are so
distinctions were abolished. immaculate in their precision that it
- Artist’s creativity was free. An “anything goes” starts to look like a photo without
Untitled
disposition, artworks fell within the broad spectrum a direct reference to the artist Chuck Close

of humorous to controversial that challenged not who created it

only taste but also former sensibilities and styles.
- Their awareness of styles was not for them to copy CONCEPTUALISM
or be governed by them but to borrow, critique, and - Blossomed in the 1960s
even turn on their heads. and 1970s
- One emergent aspect that was also underscored is - Shaped by pop art
the importance of the viewer because of the - Fought against by the
intention of the artist during the time of creation- the idea that art is a
end -all and be- all of the appreciation of work, commodity
because it is where the sole meaning lies, is - Brought to the fore
issues by art institutions
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disputed. Jenny Holzer

[ARTA111] 1.11 CONTEMPORARY ART – Mr. Victor Felicia
such as museums and galleries where works are
peddled and circulated.
- The concept is the most important aspect of the
work. When an artist uses a conceptualized form of
art, it means that all of the planning and decisions
are made beforehand and the execution is a
perfunctory affair

PERFORMANCE ART
- Began in the 1960s
- Artworks are created through
actions performed by the artist
or other participants, which may
be live, recorded, spontaneous,
or scripted. Seven Deaths
Marina Abramovic
- Related to conceptual art
- The heart of the artwork is its
message
- An ephemeral work of art

INSTALLATION ART
- Installation art is a kind of immersive work where
the environment or the space in which the viewer
steps into or interacts is transformed or altered
- Large-scale installation art makes use of a host of
objects, materials, conditions, and even light and
aura components
- Temporary or ephemeral in nature
Cadillac Ranch
- An example of public
installation art
- Comprised of 10
Cadillacs of different
model
- Buried nose-first into the
ground, each car is
seemingly equidistant from the other and forms a
straight line.

EARTH ART
- Considered as a spin-off of
installation art
- Kind of human intervention
into a specific landscape or
terrain
- Does not focus on the
Robert Smithson
subject but rather on landscape
manipulation and the materials
used

STREET ART
- 1980s
- Related to graffiti art
- Not traditional in format but
are informed by illustrative,
painterly, and print
techniques and even a
variety of media
Jean-Michel Basquiat
- Examples are Murals, stenciled
images, stickers, and installations
or installation/sculptural objects that are usually out
of common objects and techniques
- Unsanctioned and do not enjoy the invigilated
environments of museums and galleries
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