CHIHNHM HLHCH
RTHFQJ_QK BHTHM
Bkheuihf _ftui Cocofumk Rulhs Chth Iunkhm Hlhch

B`sof poflhcpu 5
Dhphi Hamchb Uhkfurk,Q.Wb.K,CC.Ios

Bksusuf `nom9

Krphf Qhhbknhm
Qktk Mhr`ehm

Lkfk Qkftkh
Heofl Wrhtkwk Furahmyhfk

WT@LTHC QR_BK B KKK IODKBHFHF

W@NROIOQ [HWIOQDK Q_IHD_CK

478;
 

IHRH WOFLHFRHT 

 Hnmhcbunknnhm mkr`ddkn hnhckf,

hnhckf, solhnh pue pofyusuf phfehtihf iomhbkrht

Hnnhm Q\R, ihrofh hths rhmchtfyh ihck bhpht cofyonoshkihf chihnhm kfk boflhf
topht whitu. Qmhnhwht sorth shnhc thi nuph pofyusuf phfehtihf phbh eufeufhf ikth
 Fhdk Cumhcchb shw.
Chihnhm boflhf eubun „Rrhfsjusk Bhrhm– kfk bksusuf uftui cocofumk
tulhs chth iunkhm
iunkhm Hlhch.
Hlhch. Chihnhm
Chihnhm kfk pofyusuf susuf boflhf sobockikhf
sobockikhf ruph
hlhr cubhm bkphmhck bhf bkcoflortk.
Wofyusuf uahpihf torkchihskm iophbh Dhphi Hamchb Uhkfurk,Q.Wb.K,CC.Ios

sonhiu b`sof poflhcpu chth iunkhm hlhch, ihrofh hths dkcdkflhffyh pofyusuf
bhpht cofyonoshkihf chihnhm kfk, sorth thi nuph pofyusuf uahpihf torkch ihskm
iophbh socuh pkmhi yhfl tonhm cocdhftu dhki soahrh chtorkhn chupuf c`rkn.
Wofy
Wofyus
usuf
uf cofy
cofyhb
hbhr
hrkk bh
bhnh
nhc
c po
pofy
fyus
usuf
ufhf
hf kf
kfk,
k, dh
dhfy
fyhi
hi io
ioiu
iurhf
rhflh
lhf-
f-
ioiurhflhf chih bhrk ktu pofyusuf coflmhrhpihf irktki bhf shrhffyh hlhr bhpht
cocdhfluf ihck bkchsh yhfl hihf bhthfl.
Himkrfyh soc`lh tulhs kfk bhpht bktorkch bhf dorchfjhht imususfyh dhlk
ihck sodhlhk pofyusuf bhf pocdhah phbh ucucfyh.

Quihduck,7= F`vocdor 478=

Wofyusuf

kk
 

BHJRHT KQK

IHRH WOFLHFRHT..........................
WOFLHFRHT................................................
............................................................kk
......................................kk
BHJRHT KQK...........................................................
KQK.............................................................................................
.........................................
.......kkk
kkk
DHD K WOFBHM_N_HF
H. Nhthr Donhihfl..........................................
Donhihfl................................................................
............................................8
......................8
D. Rueuhf...................................
Rueuhf.........................................................
............................................
..........................................
....................88
DHD KK WOCDHMHQHF
H. Woflortkhf.......................................
Woflortkhf.............................................................
..................................................
................................4
....4
D. Qoehrhm...........................................
Qoehrhm.................................................................
...............................................
.................................
........4
4
A. Nhfbhshf Muiuc.................................
Muiuc.......................................................
.................................................
...........................11

B. Hfhnksk............................................
Hfhnksk..................................................................
............................................
.................................2
...........2
DHD KKK WOF_R_W
H. Ioskcpunhf......................................
Ioskcpunhf............................................................
.....................................................8?
...............................8?
D. Qhrhf...........................................
Qhrhf.................................................................
..........................................................
....................................8?
8?
BHJRHT W_QRHIH..................................
W_QRHIH........................................................
.....................................................8:
...............................8:

kkk
 

DHD K
WOFBHM_N_HF

H. Nhth
hthr Do
Donhih
nhihfl
fl
Chfuskh
Chfu skh coruphihf
coruphihf chimnui
chimnui s`skhn yhfl f`thdofofy
f`thdofofyhh coflmhrusih
coflmhrusihf
f
soso`rhfl chfuskh ktu uftui cof`n`fl chfuskh yhfl nhkf, hphnhlk ktu torihkt
bofl
boflhf
hf chsh
chshnh
nhm
m fyhw
fyhwh.
h. Roft
Roftuf
ufyh
yh mh
mhnn ktu
ktu bk
bknh
nhiu
iuih
ihf
f so
sosu
suhk
hk bo
bofl
flhf
hf
iochcpuhf bhf tkbhi corulkihf pkmhi chfhpuf. Rrhfjusk bhrhm coruphihf
shnhm shtu wueub
wueub iopobunkhf
iopobunkhf ikth iophbh
iophbh soshch chfuskh. Qoahrh
Qoahrh s`sk`n`lks
s`sk`n`lks,,
chsy
chsyhr
hrhi
hiht
ht to
tonh
nhm
m nhzk
nhzkc
c conh
conhiu
iuih
ihf
f b`
b`f`
f`rr bh
bhrh
rhm
m uftu
uftui
i io
iopo
poft
ftkf
kflh
lhf
f
 ponhishfhhf trhfsjusk, dhki soahrh suihronh chupuf boflhf cofeuhn iophbh
yhfl cocdutumihffyh. Iohbhhf kfk pornu bktoftuihf sthtus muiucfyh hths

bhshr ihekhf
bhshr ihekhf knckhm
knckhm.. Chshnh
Chshnhm
m trhfsju
trhfsjusk
sk bhrhm
bhrhm hbhnhm
hbhnhm chshnh
chshnhm
m dhru
dhru bhnhc
bhnhc
muiuc Ksnhc, ihrofh tkbhi bktocuihf muiucfyh bhnhc jkqm phbh chsh-chsh
 pocdoftuihf muiuc Ksnhc. Hn-Xur‛hf bhf Mhbkts puf sodhlhk sucdor 
muiuc
muiuc Ksnhc,
Ksnhc, tkbhi
tkbhi cofyod
cofyoduti
utihf
hf muiucf
muiucfyh,
yh, somkfl
somkfllh
lh phfthsn
phfthsnhm
hm mhn kfk
bksod
ksodut
ut so
sod
dhlhk
hlhk chs
hshn
hnhm
hm ketk
ketkm
mhb
hbkk luf
ufhh cofe
cofehw
hwhd
hd po
porc
rchs
hshn
hnhm
hmhf
hf
coflofhk mud
mudufl
uflhf
hf pofb`f
pofb`f`r
`r boflhf
boflhf rosopko
rosopkof,
f, muiuc
muiuc cofeuh
cofeuhnn donkih
donkihf
f
bhrhm bhf muiuc trhfsjusk bhrhm boflhf `rhfl dobh hlhch,
hlhch , ihrofh uftui 
coflot
coflothmu
hmukk muiucf
muiucfyh
yh bkporn
bkpornuih
uihf
f cot`bo
cot`bo-co
-cot`b
t`boo kstkfd
kstkfdhtm
htm hthu
hthu conhnu
conhnukk
 pofhnhrhf tormhbhp prkfskp-prkfskp ucuc hlhch Ksnhc.

D. Rueuhf
Rueuhf bhrk pocduhthf chihnhm kfk hbhnhm 5
8. _ftui coflothmuk
coflothmuk tofthfl
tofthfl poflort
poflortkhf
khf trhfsju
trhfsjusk
sk bhrhm
bhrhm
4. _ftui coflothmuk
coflothmuk tofthfl
tofthfl soehrhm
soehrhm trhfsjusk
trhfsjusk bhrhm
bhrhm
1. _ftui coflothmuk
coflothmuk tofthfl
tofthfl nhfbhshf
nhfbhshf muiuc
muiuc trhfsjusk
trhfsjusk bhrhm
bhrhm
2. _ftui coflothmuk
coflothmuk tofthfl
tofthfl hfhnksk
hfhnkskss trhfsjusk
trhfsjusk bhrhm

8
 

DHD KK
WOCDHMHQHF

H. Woflortkhf
Rrhfsj
Rrhfsjusk
usk bhrhm
bhrhm hbhnhm
hbhnhm poflkf
poflkfeoi
eoiskhf
skhf bhrhm
bhrhm bhrk
bhrk soso`r
soso`rhfl
hfl hthu yhfl
yhfl
bksodut b`f`r iobhnhc skstoc porobhrhf bhrhm soso`rhfl yhfl nhkf bksodut
roskpkof. Rrhfsjusk bhrhm tkbhi porfhm torehbk ioauhnk sotonhm bktocuihffyh
skriunhsk bhrhm yhfl tkbhi porfhm dormoftk bhnhc tudum.
Hbhh 2 l`
Hb l`n`
n`fl
flhf
hf bh
bhrh
rhm
m yh
yhfl
fl ut
uthc
hchh H, D, HD,
HD, bh
bhf
f @. Wo
Word
rdob
obhh
hhf
f
bkhfthrh l`n`flhf-l`n`flhf kfk bktoftuihf `nom hbh tkbhifyh buh zht uthch
yhktu H bhf D bhnhc son bhrhm corhm, sorth `nom hbh tkbhifyh buh ufsur 
yhktu
yhktu ufsur
ufsur hftk-H
hftk-H bhf ufsur
ufsur hftk-D
hftk-D bhnhc
bhnhc soruc
soruc bhrhm
bhrhm torsod
torsodut.
ut. Wornu
Wornu

bkahtht dhmwh soruc bhf pnhsch ktu ckrkp, tothpk pordobhhf iobuhfyh hbhnhm
 dhmwh bhnhc soruc, jkdrkf`lof bhf iodhfyhihf jhit`r-jhit`r 
 pofllucphnhf nhkffyh tkbhi hbh. Ehbk, soruc kfk sofbkrk tkbhi bhpht
cofllu
cofllucph
cphnn ihrofh
ihrofh kh tkbhi
tkbhi cocknk
cocknkik
ik jhit`r
jhit`r-jhi
-jhit`r
t`r pofllu
pofllucph
cphn,
n, yhfl
yhfl
mhfyh hbh bkbhnhc pnhsch.
Qoso`rhfl yhfl dorl`n`flhf bhrhm @ bkiofhn sodhlhk b`f`r ufkvorshn,
ihrofh son bhrhm corhm `rhfl kfk tkbhi coflhfbufl zht ikckh H chupuf D.
Rothpk, `rhfl kfk tkbhi bhpht coforkchc bhrhm `rhfl nhkf ioauhnk yhfl
 dorl`n`flhf @ ihrofh soruc bhrhmfyh dorksk ufsur hftk-H
hftk- H bhf hftk-D. Bksksk

nhkf, soso`rhfl yhfl dorl`n`flhf bhrhm HD bhpht coforkch trhfsjusk bhrhm

bh
bhrk
rk b`
b`f`
f`rr io
ion`
n`cp
cp`i
`i chfh
chfhpu
puf,
f, somkf
somkfll
llhh kh bk
bksod
sodut
ut so
sodh
dhlh
lhkk roskj
roskjkof
kof
ufkvorshn,
ufkvorshn, tothpk kh mhfyh
mhfyh bhpht cofyucdhfli
cofyucdhflihf
hf bhrhmfyh
bhrhmfyh phbh `rhfl nhkf
yhfl dorl`n`flhf bhrhm HD.

D. Qoehrhm
Whbh
Whbh thmu
thmuf
f 8:
8::?
:?,, Br.
Br. Tk
Tkam
amhr
hrb
b N`wo
N`wor,
r, hm
hmnk
nk hf
hfht
ht`c
`ckk bh
bhrk
rk Kf
Kfll
llrk
rks,
s,
 dormhskn coftrhfsjuskihf bhrhm sooi`r hfekfl phbh hfekfl yhfl nhkf buh
thmuf iocubkhf,
iocubkhf, Eohf Dhptksto
Dhptksto Bofks, so`rhfl b`itor,
b`itor, jknsup,
jknsup, bhf hstr`f`c

bhrk Wrhfaks, dorushmh conhiuihf trhfsjusk bhrhm porthchihnk phbh chfuskh.

4
 

Kh coftrhfsjuskihf bhrhm sooi`r hfhi ihcdkfl io bhnhc tudum phskof yhfl

 dorucur 8? thmuf. Mhsknfyh hbhnhm dofahfh, yhktu iochtkhf hfhi torsodut
bhf kh sofbkrk bkiofhk tubumhf pocdufumhf. Qoehi shht ktu, torehbk sthlfhfsk

 phfehfl bhnhc dkbhfl trhfsjusk bhrhm torhphf. Qoikthr 8?7 thmuf iocubkhf,
tophtfyh thmuf 8=8=, Br. Ehcos Dnufbonn bhrk ruchm shikt QR. R`chs bhf
Luy dormhskn
dormhskn conhiu
conhiuihf
ihf trhfsjus
trhfsjuskk bhrhm
bhrhm bhrk
bhrk chfusk
chfuskhh io chfusk
chfuskhh yhfl
yhfl
 porthch ihnkfyh. Kh dormhskn conhiuihffyh sotonhm kh cofocuihf hnht
trhfsjusk bhrhm soahrh nhflsufl, bhf kh coflkflhtihf dhmwh mhfyh bhrhm
chfu
chfuskh
skh yh
yhfl
fl bh
bhph
phtt bktrh
bktrhfs
fsju
jusk
skih
ihf
f ph
phbh
bh chfu
chfusk
skh.
h. Roth
Rothpk
pk,, hn
hnht
ht yh
yhfl
fl
bkakpthihf `nom Br. N`wor ktu dhru dksh bklufhihf soahrh ucuc sotonhm
thmuf 8;78. Whbh thmuf ktu Ihrn Nhfbstokfor, kncuhf bhrk \kfh, dormhskn
cofocuihf eofks-eofks bhrhm. Cofurut tocuhf kfk, ekih eofks-eofks bhrhm

yhfl bkahcpurihf
bkahcpurihf tkbhi a`a`i,
a`a`i, chih hihf torehbk
torehbk pofllucphn
pofllucphnhf
hf son bhrhm
corhm yhfl hihf dornhfeut phbh iorushihf chskfl-chskfl bhrhm torsodut.

A. Nhfbh
hfbhsshf Muiu
Muiuc
c
8. Hn-Xur‛hf
Hrtkfyh5–Qosufllumfyh
Hrtkfyh5–Qosufllumfyh Hnnhm Mhfyh coflmhrhcihf dhlkcu dhflihk,
bhrhm
bhrhm,, bhlkfl
bhlkfl dhdk,
dhdk, bhf dkfhth
dkfhthfl
fl yhfl
yhfl (iotki
(iotkih
h bksocd
bksocdonk
onkm)
m) bksodu
bksodut 
t 
(fhc
(fhch)
h) sonhk
sonhkf
f Hnnh
Hnnhm.
m. toth
tothpk
pk dh
dhrh
rhfl
flsk
skhp
hph
h bh
bhnh
nhc
c iohbh
iohbhhf
hf to
torp
rphi
hish
sh
(cochi
(cochihff
hffyh)
yh) sobhfl
sobhfl bkh tkbhi
tkbhi coflkf
coflkflkf
lkfihf
ihffyh
fyh bhf tkbhi
tkbhi (punh)
(punh)

conhcphuk dhths, Chih tkbhi hbh b`sh dhlkfyh. Qosufllumfyh Hnnhm

 Chmh Woflhcpuf
Woflhcpuf nhlk Chmh Wofyhyhfl.–
Wofyhyhfl.–(X.Q
(X.Q Hn-Dhqhrhm 8<1)
4. Hn-Mhbkts
   ‫جقي‬ ‫إ‬ ‫ن ن نم ـ‬   ‫لن‬ ‫ كف‬‫ظ‬ ‫ نز‬  ‫ثن‬‫ـ نر ن‬ ‫ نػ‬ ‫لنثن‬‫ػ ن‬  ‫ؠ‬‫ش ن‬ ‫ نػ‬ ‫ نثـ‬‫ ـز‬ ‫ ن ن‬ ‫ نأ‬ ‫ظ‬‫ ن‬  ‫جقي‬ ‫ نظ‬‫ ـػ ن‬ ‫ ـ‬ ‫ؿ‬‫ نأو ـ‬ ‫ ن ن‬ ‫نأ‬
 ‫ ن‬   
  ‫ج نػ نظج ـ‬ ‫ نب‬‫ن نخ‬  ‫ ـ‬‫لن ن‬ ‫ ـ‬ ‫إ‬‫ ـ‬ ‫ن ن‬ ‫م ـظ‬ 
‫جقؼ‬ ‫ ـب ر‬‫ ـ‬  ‫ نػن‬ ‫ ن‬  ‫ن‬‫ ن‬ ‫ـ‬‫ ن‬‫ ن‬‫ ن ن‬ ‫ ن‬ ‫ ن نر‬ ‫ نػنم‬ ‫ـ‬     ‫ن‬
‫ـ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫ن‬ ‫غ‬
‫ ن ن‬   ‫ نؠج ىب‬   ‫ ن‬‫ن‬‫ن‬ ‫ نج‬‫ن نن ن‬   ‫ـ‬
‫ ن ن‬ ‫ن‬  ‫ ن ن‬  ‫ نػ‬ ‫ن‬  ‫ن‬ ‫ نج ج‬‫ ن ن‬  ‫ ن‬‫ ـر‬‫ ن‬ ‫ ن‬ ‫ج‬‫ـ‬‫ن‬‫ن‬ ‫ ـن‬ ‫ ن ن‬ ‫ـن‬
(‫ ؠجؠ‬  ‫ج‬ ‫ٍج‬ ) ‫ن نظ ـ‬ ‫ج‬ ‫ ن جأ ك‬ ‫ نؠج كب‬ ‫ نصم نظ‬ ‫نؠ ن ج ىب‬
Hrtkfyh5–
Hrtkfyh5– Ronhm cofaorkthihf iophbh ihck Mhjsm dkf _chr Hf Fhchrk
tonhm cofaorkthihf iophbh ihck Qyu'dhm bhrk Ukyhb dkf 'Knhqhm bhrk

_shc
_shchm
hm dkf
dkf Qyhr
Qyhrki
ki kh dori
doriht
hth,
h, "Hiu
"Hiu po
porf
rfhm
hm cofb
cofbht
hthf
hflk
lk Fhdk
Fhdk

1
 

 smhnnhnnhmu 'hnhkmk whshnnhc bhf phrh shmhdhtfyh, bhf so`nhm-`nhm bk

hths iophnh coroih torbhpht durufl. Hiu iocubkhf cofluahpihf shnhc
bhf bubui, nhnu hbh so`rhfl Hrhd dhbuk bhthfl bhrk hrhm kfk bhf kfk,

coroih nhnu dorihth, "\hmhk Thsununnhm, hphihm d`nom ihck dor`dht0" 

 Donkhu cofehwhd5 "Dor`dhtnhm, sosufllumfyh Hnnhm 'hzzh whehnnh tkbhi 
cofakpthihf pofyhikt conhkfihf cofakpthihf eulh `dhtfyh, ioauhnk shtu
 pofyhikt, yhktu pkiuf." (M.T Hdu Bhwub)

1. Whfbhflhf _n
_nhch‛
Dorbhshrihf ihkbhm muiuc Jkqm Ksnhc yhfl dordufyk5
‫جج‬ ‫ب‬‫زم‬   ُ
‫ظظ‬ ‫ ػ‬ ‫قم‬ ‫جق‬  ‫ أ‬ ‫أث‬

Hrtkfyh5 Dhmwhshfyh
Hrtkfyh5 Dhmwhshfyh phbh prkfskpfyh solhnh sosuhtu d`nom muiucfyh

ioauhnk ihnhu hbh bhnk yhfl coflhrhcihffyh.

B. Hfhnksks
Worihthhf trhfjusk bhrhm, hbhnhm toreochmhf bhrk dhmhsh kfllrks „Dn``b
Rrhfsju
Rrhfsjusk„,
sk„, iocubk
iocubkhf
hf bktoreo
bktoreochm
chmihf
ihf `nom
`nom b`itor
b`itor Hrhd cofehbkk   ‫جق‬  
Hrhd cofehb  
‫قق‬  (cockfbhmihf bhrhm ihrofh iopoftkflhf cobks).

Nhnu
Nhnu Br.H
Br.Hmc
mchb
hb Q`jk
Q`jkhf
hf cofl
coflhrt
hrtki
kihf
hf trhf
trhfju
jusk
sk bh
bhrh
rhm
m bo
bofl
flhf
hf kst
kstkn
knhm
hm
„pkfbh
„pkfbhm-tu
m-tuhfl
hfl bhrhm–
bhrhm– sodhlh
sodhlhkch
kchfh
fh rucush
rucushf
f bojkfk
bojkfkskf
skfyh
yh yhfl
yhfl dorduf
dordufyk5
yk5
–pofl
–poflortk
ortkhf
hf pkfbhm
pkfbhm-tuh
-tuhfl
fl bhrhm
bhrhm hbhnhm
hbhnhm cochsu
cochsuiih
iihf
f bhrhm
bhrhm `rhfl
`rhfl nhkf io

bhnhc pocdunum bhrhm `rhfl yhfl hihf bkt`n`fl–.

Rrhfjusk bhrhm ktu tkbhi cocdhwh hikdht muiuc hbhfyh iochmrhchf
hfthrh pofb`f`r bhf roskpkof.sodhd jhit`r-jhit`r yhfl bhpht cofyodhdihf
iochmrhchf subhm bktoftuihf `nom Ksnhc sodhlhkchfh torsodut bhnhc Hn-
Xur‛hf Qurht Hf-Fksh‛ hyht 415
 Hrtkfyh5–Bkmhrhcihf hths ihcu (coflhwkfk) kdu-kducu9 hfhi-hfhicu
 yhfl porocpuhf shubhrh-shubhrhcu yhfl porocpuhf, Qhubhrh-shubhrh
dhphicu yhfl porocpuhf9 Qhubhrh-shubhrh kducu yhfl porocpuhf9 hfhi-
hf
hfhi
hi po
poro
rocp
cpuh
uhf
f bh
bhrk
rk sh
shub
ubhr
hrh-
h-sh
shub
ubhr
hrhc
hcu
u yh
yhfl
fl nh
nhik-
ik-nh
nhik
ik99 hf
hfhi
hi-h
-hfh
fhi 
i 

 porocpuhf bhrk shubhrh-shubhrhcu yhfl porocpuhf9 kdu-kducu yhfl 

2
 

cofyusuk ihcu9 shubhrh porocpuhf soporsusuhf9 kdu-kdu kstorkcu (cortuh)9

hfhi-hfhi kstorkcu yhfl bhnhc poconkmhrhhfcu bhrk kstork yhfl Ronhm ihcu
ahcpurk, tothpk ekih ihcu donuc ahcpur boflhf kstorkcu ktu (bhf subhm

ihcu aorhkihf), Chih tkbhi dorb`sh ihcu coflhwkfkfyh9 (bhf bkmhrhcihf

dhlkcu
dhlkcu)) kst
kstork-
ork-ksto
kstork
rk hfhi
hfhi ihfbuf
ihfbuflcu
lcu (cofhf
(cofhftu)
tu)99 bhf coflmk
coflmkcpu
cpufih
fihf
f
(bhnhc porihwkfhf) buh porocpuhf yhfl dorshubhrh, ioauhnk yhfl Ronhm
torehb
torehbkk phbh
phbh chsh
chsh nhcphu
nhcphu99 Qosufl
Qosufllum
lumfyh
fyh Hnnhm
Hnnhm Chmh
Chmh Woflhc
Woflhcpuf
puf nhlk
nhlk
 Chmh Wofyhyhfl. 
Wofyhyhfl. 
Chshnh
Chshnhm
m trhfsjus
trhfsjuskk bhrhm
bhrhm tkbhi
tkbhi bhpht
bhpht bkpkshm
bkpkshmihf
ihf bhrk
bhrk muiuc
muiuc cofeuh
cofeuhnn
 donkihf bhrhm sodhlhkchfh sorkfl torehbk bhnhc phritoifyh bk nhphflhf.
Coflkflht socuh eofks bhrhm torchsui bhrhm chfuskh ktu fheks dorbhshrihf
mhbkts rkwhyht Duimhrk bhf Cusnkc
Cusnkc bhrk Ehdkr , ioauhnk dhrhfl fheks yhfl hbh

chfjhhtfyh dhlk chfuskh,

chfjhhtfyh chfuskh, soportk i`t`rhf mowhf uftui iopornuhf
iopornuhf pupui.
pupui.
Cofurut chbzmhd Mhfhjk bhf Bzhmkrk , Ksnhc cocd`nomihf euhn donk dhrhfl
fheks
fheks yhfl
yhfl hbh chfjhh
chfjhhtfy
tfyhh soportk
soportk i`t`rh
i`t`rhf
f mowhf.
mowhf. Chih
Chih soahrh
soahrh hfhn`l
hfhn`lkk
(qkyhs) chbzmhd kfk cocd`nomihf euhn donk bhrhm chfuskh ihrofh doshr soihnk
chfj
chfjhh
hhtf
tfyh
yh uf
uftu
tui
i cof`
cof`n`
n`fl
fl ekwh
ekwh so
sosh
shch
ch chfu
chfuskh
skh,, yh
yhfl
fl coco
cocorn
rnui
uihf
hf
trhfsjusk bhrhm. Fhcuf pofbhpht yhfl phnkfl iuht hbhnhm dhmwh euhn donk
bh
bhrhm
rhm chfu
chfuskh
skh ktu
ktu tkbh
tkbhi
i otks
otks bkshc
bkshcpk
pkfl
fl du
duih
ihf
f to
torc
rchsu
hsui
i dh
dhrhf
rhfl
l yh
yhfl
fl
bkd`nomihf uftui bkporeuhn donkihf ihrofh torchsui dhlkhf chfuskh yhfl
Hnnhm cunkhihf bhf tkbhi phfths uftui bkporeuhn donkihf, ihrofh dortofthflhf

boflhf tueuhf
boflhf tueuhf bhf cksk socunh yhfl numur, yhktu hchn iochfuskhhf
iochfuskhhf sochth,
lufh cofyonhchtihf ekwh soshch chfuskh. Thsununnhm dorshdbh bhnhc mhbkst
Kdfu
Kdfu Hddhs
Hddhs rh 5 „Qosufllu
„Qosufllumfyh
mfyh ekih Hnnhm coflmhrhcihf
coflmhrhcihf soduhm ihuc
uftui cochihf sosuhtu chih Hnnhm hihf mhrhcihf mhrlhfyh."  
Worsyhrhthf bkd`nomihffyh trhfjusk bhrhm ktu dorihkthf boflhf chshnhm
cobks, duihf chshnhm hlhch. Worsyhrhthf cobks kfk mhrus bkpofumk ihrofh
hbhfyh ihkbhm-ihkbhm muiuc Ksnhc sodhlhk dorkiut5
8.   ‫ظمش‬ 
 ‫ قغ‬Hrt
Hrtkfy
kfyhh dhmhyh
dhmhyh ktu mhrus
mhrus bkmknh
bkmknhfli
flihf
hf (bkaol
(bkaolhm)
hm).. Ckshnf
Ckshnfyh
yh
 dhmhyh ioduthhf mhrus bkmkfbhrk boflhf dor`dht bhf sodhlhkfyh.

?
 

4.   ‫ظ‬ ‫حجقغ‬  ‫ش‬ ‫م‬ ‫ظ‬ ‫ قغ‬Hrtkf

Hrtkfyh
yh dhmhyh
dhmhyh ktu tkbhi d`nom bkmknhflihf
bkmknhflihf boflhf
boflhf
 dhmhyh nhkf Ynodkm doshr dhmhyhfyhS .ckshnfyh so`rhfl yhfl cocornuihf
trhfjusk bhrhm ihrofh ioaonhihhf nhnu nkfths, hthu `porhsk, tkbhi d`nom co-

forkch bhrhm `rhfl yhfl cofborkth HKBQ, sodhd dksh cofbhthfl-ihf

 dhmhyh yhfl nodkm doshr/dorhikdht jhthn.
1.   ‫ظ‬    ٍ  ‫ظ‬   Hrtkfy
Hrtkfyhh tkbhi
tkbhi d`nom
d`nom cocduh
cocduhtt cubhrht
cubhrht iophbh
iophbh bkrkfy
bkrkfyhh
sofbkrk bhf tkbhi punh cocduht cubhrht iophbh `rhfl nhkf, ckshnfyh
so`rhf
so`rhfl
l pr
prkh
kh yh
yhfl
fl kcp`
kcp`to
toft
ft hthu
hthu to
tori
riof
ofhh HKBQ
HKBQ tkbh
tkbhi
i d`
d`no
nom
m ih
ihwk
wkf
f
sodonuc socdum.
Hphd
phdknh
knh torb
torbhp
hpht
ht phb
phbhf
hfyh
yh chs
hsnh
nhmh
mhtt bh
bhf
f tkb
tkbhi cof
ofkc
kcdu
duni
nihf
hf
iocubmhrhthf yhfl bhpht cocdhmhyhihf bkrkfyh, chih b`f`r bhrhm tkbhi 
tornhrhfl. Dhmihf phbhfyh torbhpht phmhnh bhf iouthchhf, sodhlhkchfh yhfl

torchitud bhnhc ikthdunnhm bhf suffhm Thsun-Fyh. XQ ;;5<= ,

;;5<= , „Dhrhflskhph
 yhfl dorhchn boflhf sodkek bodu iodhkihf chih bkh hihf conkmhtfyh, bhf
dhrhfl
dhrhflskh
skhph
ph yhfl
yhfl dorhchn
dorhchn boflhf
boflhf sodkek
sodkek bodu
bodu ioeonoi
ioeonoihf
hf chih
chih bkh hihf
hihf
conkmhtfyh–.
Muiuc
Muiuc jkikm
jkikm shflht
shflht torihkt
torihkt boflhf
boflhf prhito
prhitoi/h
i/hchn
chn duihf
duihf boflhf
boflhf zht.
zht.
Qoboihm
Qoboihm iophbh
iophbh `rhfl ihjkr bkpord`nomi
bkpord`nomihf,
hf, dorduht
dorduht iodhekihf
iodhekihf iophbh `rhfl
ihjkr
ihjkr eulh
eulh bksyhr
bksyhrkhti
khtihf
hf Fhdk
Fhdk Cumhcc
Cumhcchb
hb Qmhnhn
Qmhnhnnhm
nhmu
u 'Hnhkm
'Hnhkmkk \h Qhnnhc
Qhnnhc
 dorihth5"
 dorihth5" Whbh
Whbh sotkhp
sotkhp yhfl
yhfl cocknk
cocknkik
ik fyhwh
fyhwh bhf mhtk torbhph
torbhphtt lhfehr
lhfehrhf
hf
 phmhnh (bhnhc mhn dorduht iodhekihf)–.
iodhekihf)–. Qodhlhkchfh bhnhc soduhm mhbks

so`rhfl whfkth phbh chsh dhfk Ksrhon chsui surlh ihrofh cocdork ckfuc
sooi`r hfekfl. @nom ihrofh ktu d`nom sheh muiucfyh b`f`r bhrhm iophbh
`rhfl-ihjkr, tornodkm nhlk ekih hbh muduflhf iorhdht soportk tormhbhp `rhfl tuh
,chmrhcfyh bhf yhfl nhkffyh.boflhf bockikhf muiuc-muiuc syhrkht sonhnhu
torihkt boflhf hj'hn duihf boflhf zhwht. Bkbhnhc cofbojofkskkihf muiuc
unhch
unhch cofluf
cofluflih
lihpih
pihf
f dhmwh
dhmwh muiuc
muiuc hbhnhm
hbhnhm imkthd
imkthd/so
/soruh
ruhf
f hnnhm
hnnhm yhfl
yhfl
 dorihkthf boflhf poduhthf hn-cuimhthdkf (`rhfl-`rhfl yhfl bksoru).
Y:S Woforkch
Y:S Woforkch sucdhflhf bhrhm tkbhi bksyhrk‛htihf mhrus shch boflhf b`f`r 
bhrhmfyh coflofhk hlhch hthu ioporahyhhf, suiu dhflsh bhf sodhlhkfyh.

Ihro
Ihrofh
fh cofy
cofyuc
ucdh
dhfl
flih
ihf
f bh
bhrhm
rhm bo
bofl
flhf
hf ki
kimn
mnhs
hs hb
hbhn
hnhm
hm to
torc
rchsu
hsui
i hchn
hchn

:
 

iochfuskhhf yhfl shflht bkmhrlhk bhf bkhfeurihf (chfbud) `nom ksnhc, sodhd
bhpht cofyonhchtihf ekwh chfuskh, sosuhk boflhf jkrchf Hnnhm 5
 Hrtkfyh5„Bhf dhrhfl skhph yhfl coconkmhrh iomkbuphf so`rhfl 

chfus
chfuskh
kh,, chih
chih so so`
`nh
nhm
m-`
-`nh
nhm
m kh coco
coconk
nkmh
mhrh
rh iom
iomkb
kbu
uphf chf
hfus
uskh
kh
 socuhfyh– (X.Q.
 socuhfyh–  (X.Q. Hn-Chkbhm 5 14),
Jkrchf Hnnhm 5
 Hrtkfyh5"Hnnhm tkhbh conhrhfl ihcu uftui
uftui dorduht dhki bhf dornhiu hbkn 
tormhbhp `rhfl-`rhfl yhfl tkhbh cocorhflkcu ihrofh hlhch bhf tkbhi 
(punh) cofluskr ihcu bhrk folorkcu. Qosufllumfyh Hnnhm cofyuihk `rhfl-
`rhfl yhfl dornhiu hbkn."  (XQ.
 (XQ. Hn-Cucthmhfhm 5 =).
Qoahrh ucuc, hyht kfk coforhflihf dolktu poftkflfyh t`norhfsk. Qoportk
bkikshmihf `nom Kdfun Ksmhi bhnhc „skrhmfyh– bhf eulh Kdfun X`yykc bhnhc

„Uhhbun Ch‛hb– hbhnhm iotkih Fhdk Qmhnnhnnhmu ”hnhkmk wh shnnhc iobhthflhf

utushf Fhsrhfk bhrk Fherhf doreucnhm :7 `rhfl. Bkhfthrhfyh hbhnhm 82 `rhfl
yhfl toriocuih torchsui Hdu Mhrktshm Hn-X`chm, sodhlhk luru bhf usiup.
Chisub
Chisub iobhthf
iobhthflhf
lhf coroih
coroih ktu hbhnhm
hbhnhm kflkf
kflkf coflof
coflofhn
hn Fhdk
Fhdk Qmhnnh
Qmhnnhnnhm
nnhmu
u
”hnhkmk wh shnnhc bhrk boiht. Dofhrihm Cumhcchb ktu so`rhfl utushf Rumhf
bhf dhlhkchfh bhf hph sosufllumfyh hehrhf Ksnhc ktu. Coroih eulh kflkf
cocdhf
cocdhfbkf
bkflih
lihf
f hfthrh
hfthrh Ksnhc
Ksnhc bhf Fhsrhfk
Fhsrhfk.. Coroih
Coroih kflkf
kflkf dkahrh
dkahrh boflhf
boflhf
Thsu
Thsunu
nunn
nnhm
hm Qmhn
Qmhnnh
nhnn
nnhm
hmu
u ”hnh
”hnhkm
kmkk wh sh
shnn
nnhc
hc to
toft
fthf
hfl
l do
dord
rdhl
hlhk
hk chsh
chshnh
nhm
m
hlhch.Coroih shcphk bk Chbkfhm shht ihuc cusnkckf tonhm sonoshk smhnht

Hsmhr. Coroih puf shcphk bk chsekb bhf hihf cofehnhfihf socdhmyhfl punh
cofurut ahrh coroih. Whrh shmhdhtpuf mod`m, coflothmuk mhn torsodut, chih
Thsununnhm Qmhnnhnnhmu ”hnhkmk wh shnnhc dorihth „Dkhrihfnhm coroih !– chih
coroih
coroih puf cofehnh
cofehnhfih
fihf
f socdhm
socdhmyhf
yhfl
l boflhf
boflhf ahrh coroih
coroih bhnhc
bhnhc chsekb
chsekb
Chbk
Chbkfh
fhm
m ktu.
ktu. Bk
Bkik
ikshm
shm-ih
-ihf
f dh
dhmw
mwhh ph
phrh
rh ut
utus
ushf
hf ktu
ktu coch
cochih
ihkk eu
eudh
dhm
m bh
bhf
f
iopofbothhf
iopofbothhf yhfl sordh coftorofl,
coftorofl, phihk
phihkhf
hf iodoshrhf
iodoshrhf boflhf
boflhf sonocphfl
sonocphfl
whrfh-whrfk..
Workstkwh bk hths cofufeuihf t`norhfsk Thsununnhm Qmhnnhnnhmu ”hnhkmk wh
shnnhc iophbh poconui hlhch nhkf. \hnhupuf bhnhc bkhn`l hfthrh Thsununnhm

Qmhnnh
Qmhnnhnnhm
nnhmu
u ”hnhkmk
”hnhkmk wh shnnhc
shnnhc boflhf
boflhf utushf Fherhf ktu tkbhi
tkbhi hbh „ioso-
„ioso-

<
 

 phihthf– ihrofh coroih tothp coflhfllhp dhmwh Ksh hbhnhm „hfhi Rumhf–
bhf Thsun
Thsununn
unnhm
hm Qmhnnh
Qmhnnhnnhm
nnhmu
u ”hnhkmk
”hnhkmk wh shnnhc
shnnhc dorpol
dorpolhfl
hfl tolum
tolum dhmwh
dhmwh Ksh
hbhnhm utushf Hnnhm Qudmhfhmu wh Rh‛hnh bhf sodhlhk Fhdkyunnhm, Ksh hbhnhm

chfuskhh dkhsh.
chfusk dkhsh. Whrh
Whrh utushf
utushf ktu tot
tothp
hp bkehcu
bkehcu `nom
`nom Thsunun
Thsununnhm
nhm Qmhnnh
Qmhnnhnnhm
nnhmu
u
”hnhkmk wh shnnhc bhnhc dodorhph mhrk.
Ehbk d`nom sheh coftrhfsjuskihf bhrhm so`rhfl cusnkc uftui `rhfl ihjkr 
 dolktupuf sodhnkifyh, bock cof`n`fl bhf shnkfl coflmhrlhk mhriht soshch
ucht chfuskh. Qodhd, Hnnhm sodhlhk Imhnkq hnhc socosth torchsui chfuskh
 doriofhf cocunkhihf chfuskh.
Rhfyh Ehwhd
Hsshnhcu‛hnhkiuc \r. \d.
_sthbz
_sthbz Br. Qotkhw
Qotkhwhf
hf Dubk
Dubk _t`c`
_t`c` soc`lh
soc`lh bkdori
bkdorihtk
htk bhf bkcunk
bkcunkhih
hihf
f

Hnnh
Hnnhm.
m. Qhyh
Qhyh do
doio
iore
rehh bk ih
ihft
ft`r`r Whnh
Whnhfl
fl Corh
Corhm
m Kf
Kfb`
b`fo
fosk
skhh (WCK
(WCK).
). Bhnh
Bhnhc
c
cofehnh
cof ehnhfk
fk tulhs
tulhs bhf pr`josk
pr`josk,, shyh
shyh sorkfl
sorkfl cofocu
cofocuihf
ihf mhn-mh
mhn-mhnn yhfl
yhfl pornu
pornu
 poflhrhmhf bhf nhfbhshf syhrkhm somkfllh bhpht shyh ehnhfk boflhf mhtk yhfl
chfthp thfph iorhluhf. Chshnhm yhfl shyh thfyhihf hbhnhm5
8. Dhlk
Dhlkch
chfh
fhih
ihm
m phfb
phfbhf
hflh
lhf
f Ks
Ksnh
nhc
c to
torm
rmhb
hbhp
hp us
ushm
hmhh bh
bhf
f po
ponh
nhyh
yhfh
fhf
f
iochfuskhhf yhfl bknhiuihf Whnhfl Corhm sorth muiuc cochihkfyh
sodhl
sodhlhk
hk sk
skcd
cd`n
`n00 Qodh
Qodhd
d kf
kfkk shch
shch hr
hrtk
tkfy
fyhh bo
bofl
flhf
hf Qh
Qhnk
nkd
d Corhm
Corhm..
Dhlkchfhihm muiuc doioreh phbhfyh.
4. Hph
Hph mu
muiu
iuc
c tr
trhf
hfsju
sjusk
sk bh
bhrhm
rhm bh
bhf
f dh
dhlh
lhkc
kchf
hfhi
hihm
hm mu
mudu
dufl
flhf
hf hf
hfth
thrh
rh

roskpkof bhf b`f`r bhrhm bhrk solk syhrkhm0

1. D`nomihm
D`nomihm soso`rhfl
soso`rhfl cofeuhn
cofeuhn bhrhmfyh,
bhrhmfyh, bhf dhlhkchfh
dhlhkchfh sthtus muiuc
kcdhnhf hthupuf poflmhrlhhf chtork yhfl bktorkch `nom b`f`r0
2. Dk
Dknh
nh so`rhf
so`rhfl
l ph
phsk
skof
of cocd
cocdut
utum
umih
ihf
f bh
bhrh
rhm,
m, chih
chih WCK
WCK cofe
cofeuh
uhnf
nfyh
yh
conhnuk Tuchm Qhikt iophbh phskof torsodut, d`nomihm mhn kfk soahrh
syhrkhm0
Bockikhf
Bockikhf porthfyhhf
porthfyhhf shyh, torkchihskm hths pofeo
pofeonhshf
nhshf bhf ehwhdhffyh
ehwhdhffyh
bhf c`m`f chhj tonhm cofykth whitu usthbz.

\hsshnhcu‛hnhkiuc wr. wd.

=
 

\h‛hnhkiucusshnhc \r. \d.

_shmh bhf ponhyhfhf s`skhn iochfuskhhf shflht cunkh bhnhc phfbhflhf

ucht chfuskh soahrh ufkvorshn bhf torpuek bhnhc phfbhflhf hlhch, torchsui 
bhnhc mhn kfk hbhnhm iolkhthf bhf cksk iochfuskhhf Whnhfl Corhm Kfb`foskh.
Thsununnhm shw cofyhthihf dhmwh sodhki-dhki chfuskh hbhnhm yhfl phnkfl
 dhfyhi chfjhht (ehshfyh) dhlk ucht chfuskh. Mhn ktu toftufyh tornophs bhrk
chifh
chifh jkn`s`
jkn`s`jks
jks bhf ronklk
ronklkus
us skcd`nk
skcd`nkss bhrk
bhrk pochih
pochihkhf
khf fhch
fhch `rlhfk
`rlhfkshsk
shsk..
Cochfl
Cochfl pochih
pochihkhf
khf nhcdhf
nhcdhfl
l phnhfl
phnhfl corhm hthu
hthu shnkd
shnkd corhm
corhm (rob
(rob ar`ss)
ar`ss)
uftui
uftui `rlhfk
`rlhfkshsk
shsk kfk hbhnhm
hbhnhm cofkru
cofkru Dhrht
Dhrht yhfl
yhfl phbh
phbh cunhfy
cunhfyhh shflht
shflht orht
orht
mudu
mudufl
flhf
hffy
fyhh bofl
boflhf
hf so
soch
chfl
flht
ht ro
ronk
nklk
lkus
uskt
kths
hs Fhsr
Fhsrhf
hfk/
k/Ir
Irks
kstk
tkhf
hfkk bh
bhf
f
cofllufhihffyh sodhlhk skcd`n cksk iochfuskhhf soihnklus cksk Qhnkd yhktu
 pofyodhrhf hlhch Fhsrhfk.

Cochfl
Cochfl shflht
shflht bkshyh
bkshyhfli
flihf
hf ucht
ucht Ksnhc
Ksnhc Kfb`fo
Kfb`foskh
skh yhfl
yhfl coruph
coruphihf
ihf
chy`rkths dhflsh Kfb`foskh iomknhflhf kboftkths ioksnhchffyh shcphk bhnhc
chshnhm skcd`n bhf nhcdhfl s`skhn, bhf aofborufl cofkru bhf coflhcdkn
skcd`n Dhrht yhfl f`thdofo shrht boflhf sochflht cksk irkstkhfk. Whbhmhn
Ksnhc
Ksnhc cock
cocknk
nkik
ik sk
skcd
cd`n
`n ro
ronk
nklk
lk s`
s`skh
skhnn to
torso
rsofb
fbkrk
krk yh
yhif
ifkk du
dunhf
nhf shdkt
shdkt yh
yhfl
fl
cofhfbhihf skinus dunhf mkerkyhm sodhlhk porehnhfhf sykhr Ksnhc bhf `nom
ihro
ihrofh
fhfy
fyhh Bufk
Bufkhh Hrhd
Hrhd bhf
bhf Folh
Folhrh
rh-F
-Fol
olhr
hrhh Ksnh
Ksnhc
c no
nodk
dkm
m ao
aofb
fbor
oruf
ufl
l
cofllu
cofllufhi
fhihf
hf nhcdhf
nhcdhfl
l Dunhf
Dunhf Qhdkt
Qhdkt Corhm
Corhm (Mknhn
(Mknhn Hmchr/
Hmchr/ Tob Arosaof
Arosaoft)
t)

uftui `rlhfkshsk s`skhn iochfuskhhf sochahc Whnhfl Corhm. Fhdk shw sonhnu
coflhf
coflhfeur
eurihf
ihf iophbh
iophbh uchtfy
uchtfyhh uftui
uftui cocknk
cocknkik
ik kboftk
kboftkths
ths kfbopo
kfbopofbo
fbof
f bhf
coflmkfbhrk cofthn kcktht`r yhfl suih cofkru bhf thinkb duth iophbh skcd`n
ucht nhkf hphnhlk yhfl dordhu rktuhn bhf sykhr iohlhchhf.
iohlhchhf. Qhdbh Fhdk shw.5
„Dord
„Dordob
obhn
hnhm
hm ih
ihnk
nkhf
hf bh
bhrk
rk ucht
ucht [hmu
[hmubk
bk bh
bhf
f Fhsrh
Fhsrhfk
fk–– (MT.
(MT. Hn-D
Hn-Dui
uimh
mhrk,
rk,
Cusnkc, Hdu Bhwub, Hn-Fhsh‛K bhf Kdfu Chehm) bhf shdbhfyh5 „Dhrhfl
skhph yhfl cofyoruphk suhtu ihuc (ucht nhkf) chih kh torchsui l`n`flhf
coroih.– (MT. Hdu Bhwub bhf Ht-Rhdrhfk)

;
 

Bofl
Boflhf
hf bo
bock
ckik
ikhf
hf io
iowh
whek
ekdh
dhf
f ucht
ucht Ksnhc
Ksnhc dh
dhki
ki po
poco
corkf
rkfth
thm
m chup
chupuf
uf
chsyhi
chsyhiht
ht phbh
phbh ucucfy
ucucfyhh hbhnhm
hbhnhm cofyhb
cofyhbhrk
hrk mhn kfk bhf dorush
dorushmh
mh uftui 
uftui 
cofboihtihf nocdhlh bhf skcd`n s`skhn sosuhk boflhf hspkrhsk hikbhm bhf

sykhr Ksnhc sodhlhk hlhch chy`rkths bk Kfb`foskh. Hbhpuf muiuc doioreh

 phbhfyh sonhch cocdhwh cksk iochfuskhhf hbhnhm coruphihf hchn yhfl
torpue
torpuekk sodhlh
sodhlhkk kdhbhm
kdhbhm s`skhn
s`skhn hphnhl
hphnhlkk bkdhro
bkdhroflk
flk boflhf
boflhf fknhk-f
fknhk-fknh
knhkk bhiwhm
bhiwhm
Ksnhc yhfl cofehbk iowhekdhf sotkhp cusnkc.

Chshnhm trhfsjusk bhrhm yhktu cockfbhmihf bhrhm bhrk soso`rhfl iophbh

`rhfl
`rhfl nhk
nhkf
f uftui
uftui cofyon
cofyonhcht
hchtihf
ihf ekwhfy
ekwhfyh.
h. Ksnhc
Ksnhc tkbhi
tkbhi conhrh
conhrhfl
fl so`rhf
so`rhfl
l
cusnkc hthu cusnkchm cofyucdhflihf bhrhmfyh uftui tueuhf iochfuskhhf,
 duihf i`corskhnkshsk, dhki bhrhmfyh bksucdhflihf soahrh nhflsufl iophbh
`rhfl
`rhfl yhfl
yhfl cocorn
cocornuih
uihffy
ffyh,
h, ckshnf
ckshnfyh
yh uftui
uftui hfll`
hfll`th
th ionuhr
ionuhrlh
lh sofbkr
sofbkrk,
k,
chupuf
chupuf bksorhm
bksorhmihf
ihf phbh
phbh phnhfl
phnhfl corhm
corhm hthu
hthu dhfi
dhfi bhrhm
bhrhm uftui
uftui bkskcp
bkskcphf
hf
sowhitu-whitu uftui cof`n`fl `rhfl yhfl cocornuihf.

Wofo
Wofork
rkch
ch su
sucd
cdhf
hflh
lhf
f bh
bhrh
rhm
m tkbh
tkbhi
i bk
bksy
syhrk
hrkht
htih
ihf
f mh
mhru
russ shch
shch bo
bofl
flhf
hf
b`f`
b`f`rf
rfyh
yh cofl
coflof
ofhk
hk hlhc
hlhch/
h/io
iopo
pora
rahy
hyhh
hhf,
f, su
suiu
iu dh
dhfl
flsh
sh,, bsd
sd.. Ihro
Ihrofh
fh
cofyucdhf
cofyucdhflihf
lihf bhrhm boflhf kimnhs
kimnhs hbhnhm torchsui hchn iochfuskhhf
iochfuskhhf
yhfl
yhfl shflht
shflht bkmhrl
bkmhrlhk
hk bhf bkhfeu
bkhfeurih
rihf
f (chfb
(chfbud)
ud) `nom
`nom Ksn
Ksnhc,
hc, sodhd
sodhd bhpht
bhpht
cofyonhchtihf ekwh chfuskh, sosuhk boflhf jkrchf Hnnhm5 „bhf dhrhfl skhph
yhfl
yhfl coco
coconk
nkmh
mhrh
rh iomk
iomkbu
buph
phf
f so
so`r
`rhf
hfl
l chfu
chfusk
skh,
h, chih
chih so
so`n
`nhm
hm-`
-`nh
nhm
m kh

coconkmhrh iomkbuphf chfuskh socuhfyh.– (XQ. Hn-Chkbhm514).

Ehbk d`nom sheh coftrhfsjuskihf

coftrhfsjuskihf bhrhm so`rhfl
so`rhfl cusnkc
cusnkc uftui
uftui `rhfl f`f
cusnkc bhf sodhnkifyh, bock cof`n`fl bhf shnkfl coflmhrlhk mhriht soshch
ucht chfuskh. Qodhd Hnnhm sodhlhk Imhnki hnhc socosth torchsui chfuskh
 doriofhf cocunkhihf chfuskh, sodhlhkchfh jkrchf-Fyh5 „bhf
sosufll
sosufllumf
umfyh
yh Ihck
Ihck cocunk
cocunkhih
hihf
f hfhi
hfhi auau
auau Hbhc
Hbhc (chfus
(chfuskh)
kh).–
.– (XQ.
(XQ. Hn-
Ksrh5
Ksrh5<7
<7).
). Chih
Chih su
subh
bhm
m somhr
somhrus
usfy
fyhh chfu
chfuskh
skh dk
dksh
sh shnkf
shnkfl
l cof`
cof`n`
n`fl
fl bh
bhf
f
coflm`rchtk soshchfyh.

87
 

Hbhpuf bhnkn syhr‛k yhfl cofehbk bhshr uftui cocd`nomihf trhfsjusk

bhrhm
bhrhm thfph
thfph coflof
coflofhn
hn dhths
dhths hlhch
hlhch bhf sodhlhk
sodhlhkfyh
fyh,, dorbhs
dorbhshri
hrihf
hf ihkbhm
ihkbhm
muiuc
muiuc jkqkm
jkqkm Ksnhc
Ksnhc yhfl
yhfl dorduf
dordufyk5
yk5 „Hn-Hs
„Hn-Hsmnu
mnu Jkn Hsyyh‛
Hsyyh‛ hn-Kdhm
hn-Kdhmhm
hm Mhtth
Mhtth

[hbunnhb Bhnkn ”Hnh Rhmrkckmk– (dhmwhshfyh phbh prkfskpfyh solhnh sosuhtu

ktu d`
d`nom
nom muiucf
muiucfyh,
yh, ioauhn
ioauhnkk hbh bhnkn
bhnkn yhfl
yhfl coflmh
coflmhrhc
rhcihf
ihffyh
fyh).
). Whbhmh
Whbhmhnn
tkbhi hbh shtu hyht bhf mhbkts puf yhfl soahrh oispnkskt hthu boflhf fhsm
yhfl
yhfl sh
shmk
mkm,
m, conh
conhrh
rhfl
fl tr
trhf
hfsj
sjus
uskk bhrh
bhrhm,
m, chih
chih do
dorh
rhrt
rtkk trhf
trhfsj
sjus
uskk bh
bhrh
rhm
m
bkpord`nomihf, dhmihf b`f`r bhrhm ktu kdhbhm, ekih bknhiuihf boflhf fkht
cofahrk iorkbmhhf Hnnhm boflhf ehnhf cof`n`fl ekwh soshch chfuskh.

 Fhcuf uftui cocpor`nom chsnhmhm (ojoitkjkths p`sktkj) bhf coflmkfbhrk

chjshb
chjshbhm
hm (dhmhy
(dhmhyh/r
h/rkski
kski`),
`), dhki
dhki dhlk
dhlk b`f`r
b`f`r bhrhm
bhrhm chupuf
chupuf dhlk
dhlk pofork
poforkch
ch
sucdhflhf bhrhm, subhm toftu trhfsjusk bhrhm ktu mhrus bknhiuihf sotonhm
conhnuk
conhnuk pocork
pocorkish
ishhf
hf yhfl
yhfl ton
tonktk
ktk tormhbh
tormhbhp
p iosomh
iosomhthf
thf iobuhf
iobuhfyh,
yh, toruth
toruthch
ch
iosomhthf pofb`f`r bhrhm9 mhrus dofhr-dofhr dodhs bhrk pofyhikt cofunhr,
soport
soportkk HKBQ
HKBQ bhf MKZ.
MKZ. Wofyhi
Wofyhikt
kt kfk dksh
dksh cofunh
cofunhrr conhnu
conhnukk trhfsjus
trhfsjuskk bhrhm,
bhrhm,
suftkihf fhri`dh, bnn.

Eonhss dhmwh
Eonh dhmwh porsyh
porsyhrht
rhthf
hf bkd`no
bkd`nomih
mihff
ffyh
yh trhfsj
trhfsjusk
usk bhrhm
bhrhm ktu dorihk
dorihkthf
thf
boflhf chshnhm cobks, duihf chshnhm hlhch. Worsyhrhthf cobks kfk mhrus
bkpofumk, ihrofh hbhfyh ihkbhm-ihkbhm jkqkm soportk5 „Hbm-Bmhrhru [uzhn–
(Dhmhyh ktu mhrus bkmknhflihf/ bkaolhm). Ckshnfyh dhmhyh pofunhrhf pofyhikt

mhrus bkmkfbhrk boflhf storknkshsk, bsd., „Hb-Bmhrhru Nh [uzhnu Dkbmhrhrk

Cktsnkmk– (Dhmhyh ktu tkbhi d`nom bkmknhflihf boflhf dhmhyh nhkf). Ckshnfyh
so`rhfl
so`rhfl yhfl cocornuihf
cocornuihf trhfsjusk
trhfsjusk bhrhm ihrofh ioaonhihhf nhnu nkfths hthu
`porhsk, tkbhi d`nom coforkch bhrhm `rhfl yhfl cofborkth HKBQ, sodhd dksh
cofbhthflihf dhmhyh nhkffyh yhfl nodkm jhthn. Bhf Ihobhm „Nh Bmhrhrh wh
Nh Bmkrhr– (Rkbhi
(Rkbhi d`nom cocduht
cocduht cubhrht
cubhrht iophbh
iophbh bkrkfyh
bkrkfyh sofbkrk
sofbkrk bhf tkbhi 
 punh cocduht cubhrht iophbh `rhfl nhkf). Ckshnfyh so`rhfl prkh yhfl
toriofh HKBQ tkbhi d`nom ihwkf sodonuc socdum. Bockikhf punh so`rhfl
yhfl chskm mkbup tkbhi d`nom cofyucdhf
cofyucdhflihf
lihf lkfehnfyh
lkfehnfyh iophbh
iophbh `rhfl nhkf

ihrofh bhpht cocdhmhyhihf mkbupfyh sofbkrk. Ihkbhm torhimkr kfk dorhshn

88
 

bhrkk mhbkts
bhr mhbkts rkwhyh
rkwhyhtt Chnki,
Chnki, Mhikc,
Mhikc, Dhkmhq
Dhkmhqk,
k, Bhruqut
Bhruqutmfk
mfk bhf Hdu Qhkb hn-
Imubrk. Bhf rkwhyht Kdfu Chehm bhrk Kdfu Hddhs bhf _dhbhm dkf Qmhckt.

Hbhpuf
Hbhpuf mudufl
muduflhf
hf hfthrh
hfthrh b`f`r
b`f`r bhf roskpko
roskpkof,
f, hbhnhm
hbhnhm dhmwh
dhmwh trhfsjus
trhfsjuskk
bhrhm ktu tkbhi cocdhwh hikdht muiuc hbhfyh muduflhf iochmrhchf hfthrh
b`f`
b`f`rr bhf
bhf rosk
roskpk
pkof
of.. Qo
Qodh
dhd
d jh
jhit
it`r
`r-j
-jhi
hit`
t`rr yh
yhfl
fl bh
bhph
phtt cofy
cofyod
odhd
hdih
ihf
f
iochmrhchf subhm bktoftuihf `nom Ksnhc sodhlhkchfh torsodut bhnhc Hf-
 Fksh541, yhktu5 Chmrhc ihrofh hbhfyh muduflhf fhshd. Ckshnfyh muduflhf
hfthrh hfhi boflhf kdufyh hthu shubhrhfyh soihfbufl, bsd, ihrofh hbhfyh
muduflhf porihwkfhf ckshnfyh muduflhf hfthrh so`rhfl boflhf cortuhfyh
hthu hfhi tkrk bhf kstrkfyh yhfl tonhm bksotudumk bhf sodhlhkfyh, bhf chmrhc
ihrofh
ihrofh hbhfyh
hbhfyh muduf
muduflhf
lhf porsus
porsusuhf
uhf,, ckshnf
ckshnfyh
yh mudufl
muduflhf
hf hfthrh
hfthrh so`rhf
so`rhfl
l
boflhf whfkth yhfl porfhm cofyusukfyh hthu boflhf `rhfl yhfl sosusuhf
bhf sodhlhkfyh.

Iocubkhf phbh hyht dorkiutfyh, (hf-Fksh542) bktolhsihf dhmwh sonhkf

whfkth-whfkth yhfl torsodut phbh Hf-Fksh541 bk hths hbhnhm mhnhn bkfkihmk.
Qodhd tkbhi hbh muduflhf iochmrhchf. Chih eonhsnhm dhmwh trhfsjusk bhrhm
tkbh
tkbhi
i cofl
coflhi
hikd
kdht
htih
ihf
f mu
mudu
dufl
flhf
hf io
ioch
chmr
mrhc
hchf
hf hf
hfth
thrh
rh po
pofb
fb`f
`f`r
`r bo
bofl
flhf
hf
roskp
roskpko
kof.
f. Ihro
Ihrofh
fh ktu
ktu po
pori
rihw
hwkf
kfhf
hf hf
hfth
thrh
rh po
pofb
fb`f
`f`r
`r bo
bofl
flhf
hf ro
roskp
skpko
kof
f ktu
ktu
bkkzkfihf `nom muiuc Ksnhc.

Chsh
Ch shnh
nhmm trtrhf
hfsj
sjus
uskk bhrh
bhrhm
m tkb
tkbhi bhphpht
ht bkp kpks
kshm
hmiihf bhr
hrkk mui
uiuc
uc
cofe
cofeuh
uhndo
ndonk
nkih
ihf
f bhbhrh
rhmm sodhl
sodhlhk
hkch
chfh
fh sorkf
sorkfl
l toreh
torehbk
bk bh
bhnhc
nhc ph
phri
rito
toif
ifyh
yh bk
nhphflhf. Coflkflht socuh eofks bhrhm torchsui bhrhm chfuskh ktu fheks
 dorbhshrihf mhbkts rkwhyht Duimhrk bhf Cusnkc bhrk Ehdkr, ioauhnk dhrhfl
fheks
fheks yhfl
yhfl hbh chfjhht
chfjhhtfyh
fyh dhlk
dhlk chfusk
chfuskh,
h, soport
soportkk i`t`rh
i`t`rhf
f mowhf
mowhf uf
uftui 
tui 
iopornuhf rhdui. Cofurut chbzmhd Mhfhjk bhf Bzhmkrk, Ksnhc cocd`nomihf
 euhn donk dhrhfl fheks yhfl hbh chfjhhtfyh soportk i`t`rhf mowhf. Chih
soahrh hfhn`lk (qkyhs) chbzmhd kfk cocd`nomihf euhn donk bhrhm chfuskh
ihrofhh doshr soihnk chfjhhtfyh uftui cof`n`fl
ihrof cof`n`fl ekwh soshch chfuskh,
chfuskh, yhfl

84
 

cocornuihf trhfsjusk bhrhm. (Kdfu Tusyb, Dkbhyhtun Cuethmkb, K/87;, Qhyykb

Qhdkq, Jkqm Hs-Quffhm, KKK/817)

 Fhcuf pofbhpht yhfl phnkfl iuht hbhnhm dhmwh euhn donk bhrhm chfuskh
ktu tkbhi
tkbhi otk
otkss bkshcp
bkshcpkfl
kfl duihf
duihf torchs
torchsui
ui dhrhfl
dhrhfl yhfl
yhfl bkd`on
bkd`onmih
mihf
f uftui 
uftui 
bkporeuhn
bkporeuhn donkihf ihrofh torchsui
torchsui dhlkhf
dhlkhf chfuskh
chfuskh yhfl Hnnhm cunkhihf bhf
tkbhi phfths uftui bkporeuhn donkihf, ihrofh dortofthflhf boflhf tueuhf bhf
cksk so
soc
cunh yhfl numur, yhktu hchn iochfuskhhf so
soc
cht
hthh, lufh
cofyonhchti
cofyonhchtihf
hf ekwh soshch chfuskh.
chfuskh. Ihrofh ktu, somhrusfyh euhn donk bhrhm
chfuskh ktu bknhrhfl, ihrofh dortofthflhf boflhf c`rhn hlhch bhf f`rch
iochfuskhhf.

Hphdknh prhitki trhfsjusk bhrhm ktu cocdorkihf kcdhnhf suihronh iophbh

b`f`r hthu poflmhrlhhf hphpuf dhki chtork chupuf f`f chtork thfph kihthf
bh
bhf
f tr
trhf
hfshi
shisk,
sk, chih
chih mh
mhnn ktu
ktu bkpo
bkpord
rd`n
`nom
omih
ihf
f so
sodh
dhlh
lhkk mh
mhbk
bkhm
hm bh
bhf
f soiob
soiobhr 
hr 
 pofllhftk chihfhf hthupuf ckfuchf uftui cocdhftu cocunkmihf tofhlh.
Hbh dhkifyh dknh pocorkfthm cockikrihf bhf corucusihf iodkehihf bhnhc
mhn kfk sop
opoort
rtkk cocdorkihf so
sorrtkjkiht sotkhp b`f`r yhfl bhpht
bkporlufhihffyh sodhlhk ihrtu bksi`f hthu sorvks oistrh bhnhc ponhyhfhf
iosomhthf bk Tuchm Qhikt dknhchfh `rhfl yhfl dorb`f`r bhrhm cocornuihf
 ponhyhfhf iosomhthf, hthu dhmihf cofbhphtihf ponhyhfhf lrhtks dknhchfh kh
cocornuihf dhftuhf bhrhm somkfllh chsyhrhiht hihf rhekf cofyucdhflihf

bhrhmfyh sodhlhk doftui t`n`fl-cof`n`fl bhf dofhr-dofhr cofehbk thduflhf

bhrhm dhki uftui bkrkfyh chupuf `rhfl nhkf somkfllh torehnkf muduflhf yhfl
skcdk`sks cutuhnks.

Boflhf bockikhf prhitki Cofeuhn donkihf bhrhm dhki soahrh nhflsufl

chupuf conhnuk ruchm shikt bhpht bkmkfbhrihf ihrofh sodofhrfyh trhfsjusk
bhrhm tornhishfh doriht iorehshch s`skhn yhfl curfk sudskbk sknhfl conhnuk
i``rbk
i``rbkfhs
fhskk pocork
pocorkfth
fthm
m bhf duihf
duihf cofehb
cofehbkk `deoi
`deoi i`corsk
i`corskhn
hn sodhlh
sodhlhkch
kchf
f
bknhrhfl Qyhrkht Ksnhc bhf dortofthflhf boflhf porkiochfuskhhf, somkfllh

81
 

sotkhp kfbkvkbu thfph bkdhthsk sthtus oi`f`ck bhf s`skhnfyh doriosocphthf

uftui
uftui cofbhphtih
cofbhphtihf
f dhftuhf
dhftuhf bhrhm sotkhp shht dknhchfh
dknhchfh cocdutumih
cocdutumihffyh
ffyh
sodhd bk skfk mhrus dornhiu muiuc dhrhfl skhph cofhchc iodhkihf chih kh

 dormhi coflothc phmhnh bhf lhfehrhf iodhkihffyh.

iodhkihffyh.

82
 

DHD KKK
WOF_R_W

H. Ioskcpunhf
Rrhfsjusk Bhrhm hbhnhm pr`sos pofyhnurhf bhrhm hthu pr`bui dordhsks
bhrhm bhrk shtu `rhfl io skstoc porobhrhf `rhfl nhkffyh. Rrhfsjusk bhrhm
 dormuduflhf boflhf i`fbksk cobks soportk iomknhflhf bhrhm bhnhc eucnhm
 doshr bksodhdihf trh
trhuc
uch,
h, `p
`porh
orhsk
sk,, sy
sy`i
`i bh
bhf
f tkbh
tkbhii do
dorj
rjuf
ufls
lskf
kfyy `r
`rlh
lhf
f
 pocdoftui son bhrhm corhm.
Conh
Conhiu
iuih
ihf
f tr
trhf
hfsj
sjus
uskk bhrh
bhrhm
m muiu
muiucf
cfyh
yh bk
bkpo
pord
rd`n
`nom
omih
ihf,
f,bo
bofl
flhf
hf
cocpor
cocpormht
mhtkih
kihf
f dodorhp
dodorhphh syhrht
syhrht yhfl
yhfl mhrus
mhrus bkpofu
bkpofumk.
mk.Hbh
Hbhfyh
fyh dhfi
dhfi bhrhm
bhrhm

uftui porsobkhhf muiucfyh d`nom(ehk‛z). Wocdorkhhf trhfsjusk bhrhm hfthr 

hlhch eulh bkpord`nomihf.

D. Qhrhf
Dhlk hfbh yhfl kflkf conhiuihf trhfsjusk bhrhm dhki sodhlhk b`f`r 
hthupuf rosopkof mhrus coflkiutk syhrht yhfl tonhm bktoftuihf.Dhki cofurut
hlhch hthu cobks,mhn kfk pornu bkpormhtkihf uftui coflmkfbhrk mhn-mhn yhfl
tkbhi bkkflkfihf.
 

8?
 

BHJRHT W_QRHIH

Chmeubbkf , Chshknun
, Chshknun Jkqmkyhm Dordhlhk Ihsus [hfl Bkmhbhpk Muiuc Ksnhc

 Chsh Ikfk (Ehihrth5 Ihnhc Cunkh, 477?), mnc. =;

Hmchb Q`jyhf, Kncu
Q`jyhf, Kncu _rhk Rudum Chfuskh
Chfuskh,, (Ehihrth5 Rorhlufl,
Rorhlufl, 8;:4),
8;:4), mnc. 871
871
Hn-Quyutk, Hn-HQydhm
Hn-Quyutk, Hn-HQydhm wh hn-Fhbzhkr jkhn-juru‛ , v`n K, Coskr, Chtmdh‛hm Cusmthjh
Cumhcchb, 8;1:, mhn.1-2

8: