EP3112258B1

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58B_T
(19)
(11) EP 3 112 258 B1

(12) EUROPEAN PATENT SPECIFICATION
(45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.:

of the grant of the patent: B64C 3/14 (2006.01) B64C 27/467 (2006.01)
13.09.2017 Bulletin 2017/37
(21) Application number: 15400028.5
(22) Date of filing: 03.07.2015
(54) AIRFOILS FOR ROTOR BLADES OF ROTARY WING AIRCRAFTS

SCHAUFELN FÜR ROTORBLÄTTER VON DREHFLÜGLERLUFTFAHRZEUGEN
PROFILS AÉRODYNAMIQUES POUR PALES DE ROTORS POUR DES AÉRONEFS À VOILURE
TOURNANTE
(84) Designated Contracting States: • Lutz, Thorsten

AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB 71111 Waldenbuch (DE)
GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO • Rohardt, Claas-Hinrik
PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR 38108 Braunschweig (DE)
• Richter, Kai
(43) Date of publication of application: 37073 Göttingen (DE)
04.01.2017 Bulletin 2017/01
(74) Representative: GPI & Associés
(73) Proprietor: AIRBUS HELICOPTERS EuroParc de Pichaury
DEUTSCHLAND GmbH Bâtiment B2 - 1er Etage
86609 Donauwörth (DE) 1330, rue Guillibert de la Lauzière
13856 Aix-en-Provence Cedex 3 (FR)
(72) Inventors:
• Klein, Alexander (56) References cited:
86157 Augsburg (DE) US-A- 5 957 662 US-B1- 6 315 522
• Illg, Jonas
71034 Böblingen (DE)
EP 3 112 258 B1
Note: Within nine months of the publication of the mention of the grant of the European patent in the European Patent
Bulletin, any person may give notice to the European Patent Office of opposition to that patent, in accordance with the
Implementing Regulations. Notice of opposition shall not be deemed to have been filed until the opposition fee has been
paid. (Art. 99(1) European Patent Convention).
Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR)

EP 3 112 258 B1
Description
[0001] The invention is related to an airfoil for a rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft, said airfoil having a predetermined
maximum thickness to chord ratio and comprising the features of claims 1, 6 or 11. The invention is further related to a
5 rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft, said rotor blade comprising the features of claim 16.
[0002] Airfoils for rotor blades of rotary wing aircrafts are generally characterized by an extrados and an intrados that
are arranged between corresponding leading and trailing edges of the airfoils and that are defined by predetermined
intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c. Therein, x is a
distance from a leading edge to a trailing edge along a chord line of the airfoil, c is a length of the airfoil in chord direction,
10 yint is a distance between the chord line and a respective intrados surface and yext is a distance between the chord line
and a respective extrados surface. The airfoils are usually further characterized by associated predetermined maximum
thickness to chord ratios, as well as by leading edge radiuses r/c of corresponding leading edge circles and their center
positions x/c and yint/c or yext/c.
[0003] The documents US 5,957,662 A and US 6,315,522 B1 describe such airfoils and illustrate exemplary tables of
15 values that comprise values for predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and predetermined extrados
coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c. More specifically, the document US 5,957,662 A describes an airfoil with a maximum
thickness to chord ratio of 8%, a leading edge radius r/c = 0.00844 and corresponding leading edge circle center positions
x/c = 0.00842 and yext/c = 0.00064. The document US 6,315,522 B1 describes an airfoil with a maximum thickness to
chord ratio of 10%, a leading edge radius r/c = 0.0096 and corresponding leading edge circle center positions x/c =
20 0.0097 and yint/c = -0.0018.
[0004] Furthermore, the document US 6,361,279 B1 describes airfoils with maximum thickness to chord ratios of 12%
(Table 3) and 9% (Table 5). Nevertheless, for these airfoils no leading edge radiuses r/c of corresponding leading edge
circles and their center positions x/c and yint/c or yext/c are indicated. Instead, maximum camber positions and ratios of
maximal camber to maximal thickness are used for further characterizing these airfoils.
25 [0005] However, these airfoils only provide for a restricted maximum lift capacity and a comparatively high aerodynamic
drag. Furthermore, they only provide for restricted hover and forward flight performances.
[0006] It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide a new airfoil for a rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft,
said airfoil providing for a reduced aerodynamic drag, an improved maximum lift capacity and improved hover and
forward flight performances of said rotor blade. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a new rotor blade
30 having an airfoil that provides for a reduced aerodynamic drag, an improved maximum lift capacity and improved hover
and forward flight performances.
[0007] This object is solved by an airfoil for a rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft, said airfoil having a maximum
thickness to chord ratio of 12% and comprising the features of claim 1. This object is also solved by an airfoil for a rotor
blade of a rotary wing aircraft, said airfoil having a maximum thickness to chord ratio of 9% and comprising the features
35 of claim 6. This object is further solved by an airfoil for a rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft, said airfoil having a maximum
thickness to chord ratio of 8% and comprising the features of claim 11.
[0008] Advantageously, these inventive airfoils exhibit a reduced aerodynamic drag by means of extended laminarity.
Furthermore, an underlying maximum lift capacity is improved. Moreover, more negative, i. e. nose-down, static pitching
moments around the quarter-chord of the airfoils due to the applied modifications to the camber line are acceptable,
40 since dynamic loads as seen in numerical simulations and wind tunnel measurements prove to remain within those of
prior art airfoils.
[0009] More specifically, the inventive airfoils exhibit reduced aerodynamic drag compared to prior art airfoils due to
extended laminar running lengths on the upper side, i. e. the extrados. This is achieved by an improved leading edge
geometry and by introducing a well-defined main pressure recovery at a downstream position, i. e. towards the trailing
45 edge of the airfoil. These measures further enable the reduction of suction peaks and thereby allow for higher maximum
lift coefficients at moderate Mach numbers as well as the reduction of transonic shocks at high lift coefficients. Furthermore,
the application of the inventive airfoils provides for improved hover and forward flight performances of a given rotor of
a rotary wing aircraft.
[0010] Preferably, at least one of the inventive airfoils, more preferably at least two of the inventive airfoils and,
50 preferentially, all inventive airfoils are applied to a single rotor blade of a given rotary wing aircraft. In other words, such
a single rotor blade is provided with differing geometric shapes at different locations over its radial extension. Areas
between these different locations are preferably provided with geometric shapes that result from interpolations between
corresponding adjacent airfoils.
[0011] More specifically, according to one aspect of the present invention an airfoil for a rotor blade of a rotary wing
55 aircraft that has a maximum thickness to chord ratio of 12% comprises, between a leading edge and a trailing edge, an
extrados and an intrados. The intrados is defined by predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the
extrados is defined by predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c. Therein, x is a distance from the leading
edge to the trailing edge along a chord line of the airfoil, c is a length of the airfoil in chord direction, yint is a distance
2
EP 3 112 258 B1
between the chord line and a respective intrados surface and yext is a distance between the chord line and a respective
extrados surface. The predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the predetermined extrados coordinate
value pairs x/c, yext/c are defined according to Table 1 below.
5 TABLE 1:
x/c yint/c x/c yext/c
0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
0.000077 -0.001398 0.000077 0.001446
10 0.000307 -0.002749 0.000306 0.002940
0.000690 -0.004055 0.000689 0.004483
0.001226 -0.005315 0.001226 0.006071
0.001915 -0:006532 0.001914 0.007707
0.002756 -0.007707 0.002756 0.009385
15
0.003750 -0.008838 0.003750 0.011105
0.004897 -0.009926 0.004896 0.012865
0.006195 -0.010971 0.006194 0.014662
0.007644 -0.011971 0.007644 0.016492
20 0.009245 -0.012928 0.009244 0.018354
0.010996 -0.013840 0.010995 0.020243
0.012897 -0.014710 0.012896 0.022155
0.014947 -0.015537 0.014947 0.024087
0.017146 -0.016325 0.017146 0.026035
25
0.019494 -0.017076 0.019494 0.027995
0.021989 -0.017793 0.021989 0.029962
0.024631 -0.018478 0.024630 0.031932
0.027418 -0.019136 0.027418 0.033902
30 0.030351 -0.019769 0.030351 0.035867
0.033429 -0.020380 0.033428 0.037823
0.036649 -0.020971 0.036649 0.039766
0.040012 -0.021544 0.040012 0.041694
0.043517 -0.022102 0.043517 0.043603
35
0.047162 -0.022644 0.047162 0.045489
0.050946 -0.023172 0.050946 0.047350
0.054869 -0.023685 0.054868 0.049183
0.058929 -0.024185 0.058928 0.050985
40 0.063124 -0.024671 0.063124 0.052754
0.067454 -0.025143 0.067454 0.054487
0.071918 -0.025602 0.071917 0.056181
0.076514 -0.026048 0.076513 0.057837
0.081240 -0.026482 0.081239 0.059451
45
0.086096 -0.026902 0.086095 0.061022
0.091079 -0.027311 0.091078 0.062551
0.096189 -0.027708 0.096188 0.064035
0.101424 -0.028093 0.101423 0.065474
50 0.106782 -0.028467 0.106781 0.066868
0.112262 -0.028830 0.112261 0.068216
0.117862 -0.029182 0.117862 0.069519
0.123581 -0.029524 0.123580 0.070777
0.129416 -0.029853 0.129416 0.071989
55 0.135367 -0.030173 0.135366 0.073156
0.141431 -0.030481 0.141430 0.074278
0.147607 -0.030778 0.147606 0.075355
3
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.153892 -0.031064 0.153891 0.076387
5 0.160285 -0.031338 0.160284 0.077373
0.166784 -0.031601 0.166783 0.078315
0.173388 -0.031852 0.173387 0.079210
0.180093 -0.032092 0.180092 0.080058
10
0.186899 -0.032319 0.186898 0.080856
0.193802 -0.032535 0.193802 0.081606
0.200802 -0.032739 0.200801 0.082302
0.207896 -0.032930 0.207895 0.082944
0.215082 -0.033110 0.215081 0.083529
15 0.222358 -0.033276 0.222357 0.084054
0.229722 -0.033431 0.229721 0.084516
0.237171 -0.033574 0.237170 0.084914
0.244703 -0.033703 0.244702 0.085243
0.252317 -0.033819 0.252316 0.085502
20
0.260010 -0.033924 0.260009 0.085689
0.267779 -0.034017 0.267778 0.085805
0.275622 -0.034096 0.275621 0.085848
0.283538 -0.034166 0.283537 0.085821
25 0.291523 -0.034222 0.291522 0.085722
0.299575 -0.034269 0.299574 0.085557
0.307693 -0.034304 0.307692 0.085328
0.315873 -0.034330 0.315872 0.085037
0.324113 -0.034346 0.324112 0.084689
30
0.332411 -0.034353 0.332410 0.084288
0.340764 -0.034350 0.340763 0.083837
0.349170 -0.034340 0.349169 0.083342
0.357627 -0.034321 0.357626 0.082805
35 0.366131 -0.034294 0.366130 0.082231
0.374680 -0.034259 0.374679 0.081625
0.383273 -0.034214 0.383272 0.080987
0.391905 -0.034163 0.391905 0.080323
0.400576 -0.034103 0.400575 0.079635
40
0.409282 -0.034035 0.409281 0.078926
0.418020 -0.033958 0.418019 0.078196
0.426788 -0.033873 0.426787 0.077447
0.435584 -0.033779 0.435583 0.076679
45 0.444405 -0.033678 0.444404 0.075896
0.453248 -0.033567 0.453247 0.075093
0.462110 -0.033448 0.462109 0.074273
0.470990 -0.033322 0.470989 0.073436
0.479884 -0.033187 0.479883 0.072580
50
0.488790 -0.033045 0.488789 0.071707
0.497705 -0.032894 0.497705 0.070816
0.506627 -0.032735 0.506626 0.069907
0.515553 -0.032568 0.515552 0.068981
55 0.524480 -0.032393 0.524479 0.068037
0.533405 -0.032210 0.533405 0.067076
0.542327 -0.032017 0.542326 0.066097
4
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.551242 -0.031818 0.551242 0.065104
5 0.560148 -0.031609 0.560147 0.064093
0.569042 -0.031394 0.569042 0.063069
0.577922 -0.031169 0.577921 0.062029
0.586785 -0.030936 0.586784 0.060976
10
0.595627 -0.030694 0.595627 0.059910
0.604448 -0.030445 0.604447 0.058833
0.613244 -0.030187 0.613243 0.057745
0.622012 -0.029919 0.622011 0.056647
0.630750 -0.029641 0.630750 0.055540
15 0.639456 -0.029355 0.639455 0.054426
0.648126 -0.029059 0.648125 0.053303
0.656759 -0.028751 0.656758 0.052171
0.665351 -0.028433 0.665350 0.051030
0.673900 -0.028103 0.673900 0.049879
20
0.682404 -0.027759 0.682404 0.048717
0.690861 -0.027402 0.690860 0.047544
0.699266 -0.027028 0.699266 0.046357
0.707619 -0.026640 0.707619 0.045158
25 0.715917 -0.026232 0.715917 0.043942
0.724157 -0.025804 0.724157 0.042711
0.732337 -0.025356 0.732336 0.041464
0.740454 -0.024883 0.740454 0.040199
0.748506 -0.024388 0.748506 0.038920
30
0.756491 -0.023867 0.756491 0.037626
0.764407 -0.023322 0.764406 0.036317
0.772250 -0.022751 0.772249 0.034996
0.780019 -0.022156 0.780018 0.033664
35 0.787711 -0.021536 0.787710 0.032324
0.795324 -0.020893 0.795324 0.030978
0.802856 -0.020227 0.802856 0.029628
0.810305 -0.019541 0.810305 0.028278
0.817668 -0.018834 0.817668 0.026929
40
0.824944 -0.018109 0.824944 0.025584
0.832130 -0.017366 0.832129 0.024246
0.839223 -0.016608 0.839223 0.022916
0.846223 -0.015835 0.846223 0.021597
45 0.853126 -0.015050 0.853126 0.020291
0.859932 -0.014255 0.859931 0.019000
0.866637 -0.013451 0.866636 0.017726
0.873240 -0.012643 0.873239 0.016472
0.879738 -0.011831 0.879738 0.015238
50
0.886131 -0.011019 0.886131 0.014030
0.892416 -0.010213 0.892416 0.012851
0.898591 -0.009416 0.898591 0.011704
0.904655 -0.008633 0.904655 0.010596
55 0.910605 -0.007871 0.910605 0.009532
0.916440 -0.007134 0.916440 0.008516
0.922158 -0.006430 0.922158 0.007556
5
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.927758 -0.005764 0.927758 0.006655
5 0.933238 -0.005141 0.933237 0.005821
0.938595 -0.004564 0.938595 0.005056
0.943830 -0.004039 0.943830 0.004363
0.948939 -0.003564 0.948939 0.003743
10
0.953922 -0.003142 0.953922 0.003197
0.956325 -0.002953 0.958777 0.002723
0.959739 -0.002725 0.963503 0.002318
0.963158 -0.002563 0.968098 0.001979
0.966579 -0.002457 0.970001 0.001854
15 0.970001 -0.002402 0.976001 0.001909
0.976001 -0.002347 0.982001 0.001964
0.982001 -0.002293 0.988001 0.002019
0.988001 -0.002238 0.994000 0.002073
0.994000 -0.002183 1.000000 0.002128
20
1.000000 -0.002128
[0012] A maximum error of each one of the predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the prede-
termined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c preferentially amounts to 63%.
25 [0013] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an airfoil for a rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft
with a maximum thickness to chord ratio within a range from 9% to 15% is provided that comprises intrados coordinate
value pairs and extrados coordinate value pairs, which are determined on the basis of a reference airfoil that is defined
by the airfoil having the maximum thickness to chord ratio of 12% as described above.
[0014] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, an associated leading edge radius of a
30 leading edge circle that defines an underlying curvature at the leading edge of the airfoil having the maximum thickness
to chord ratio of 12% as described above amounts to r/c = 0.01314. The leading edge circle has its associated center
of circle located at x/c = 0.01314 and yint/c = yext/c = 0.00000.
[0015] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a trailing edge tab is provided at the
trailing edge of the airfoil. The trailing edge tab is defined by an at least essentially straight and parallel intrados and
35 extrados.
[0016] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the trailing edge tab comprises a length
in a range from 2% to 10% of the length of the airfoil in chord direction with a maximum inclination error of 65° relative
to the chord line of the airfoil.
[0017] According to another aspect of the present invention, an airfoil for a rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft that
40 has a maximum thickness to chord ratio of 9% comprises, between a leading edge and a trailing edge, an extrados and
an intrados. The intrados is defined by predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the extrados is
defined by predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c. Therein, x is a distance from the leading edge to
the trailing edge along a chord line of the airfoil, c is a length of the airfoil in chord direction, yint is a distance between
the chord line and a respective intrados surface and yext is a distance between the chord line and a respective extrados
45 surface. The predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the predetermined extrados coordinate value
pairs x/c, yext/c are defined according to Table 2 below.
TABLE 2:
50
0.000000 0.000079 0.000000 0.000079
0.000100 -0.000821 0.000100 0.001156
0.000400 -0.001602 0.000400 0.002431
0.000901 -0.002314 0.000901 0.003855
55 0.001601 -0.002993 0.001601 0.005382
0.002500 -0.003661 0.002500 0.006983
0.003599 -0.004331 0.003599 0.008637
6
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.004896 -0.005009 0.004896 0.010336
5 0.006392 -0.005694 0.006392 0.012070
0.008086 -0.006381 0.008086 0.013836
0.009977 -0.007067 0.009977 0.015625
0.012063 -0.007745 0.012063 0.017432
10
0.014346 -0.008412 0.014346 0.019249
0.016823 -0.009067 0.016823 0.021067
0.019494 -0.009707 0.019494 0.022879
0.022357 -0.010332 0.022357 0.024678
0.025412 -0.010940 0.025412 0.026457
15 0.028658 -0.011532 0.028658 0.028211
0.032092 -0.012105 0.032092 0.029937
0.035714 -0.012660 0.035714 0.031632
0.039523 -0.013196 0.039523 0.033296
0.043517 -0.013713 0.043517 0.034926
20
0.047694 -0.014211 0.047694 0.036523
0.052053 -0.014692 0.052053 0.038087
0.056592 -0.015154 0.056592 0.039615
0.061309 -0.015598 0.061309 0.041106
25 0.066203 -0.016025 0.066203 0.042558
0.071272 -0.016435 0.071272 0.043968
0.076513 -0.016831 0.076513 0.045335
0.081926 -0.017212 0.081926 0.046656
0.087506 -0.017580 0.087506 0.047929
30
0.093254 -0.017935 0.093254 0.049154
0.099165 -0.018280 0.099165 0.050329
0.105239 -0.018615 0.105239 0.051455
0.111472 -0.018941 0.111472 0.052533
35 0.117862 -0.019258 0.117862 0.053563
0.124407 -0.019567 0.124407 0.054546
0.131105 -0.019868 0.131105 0.055482
0.137952 -0.020161 0.137952 0.056373
0.144946 -0.020446 0.144946 0.057218
40
0.152085 -0.020723 0.152085 0.058018
0.159365 -0.020991 0.159365 0.058772
0.166784 -0.021250 0.166784 0.059482
0.174339 -0.021500 0.174339 0.060148
45 0.182027 -0.021740 0.182027 0.060769
0.189845 -0.021971 0.189845 0.061348
0.197791 -0.022193 0.197791 0.061885
0.205860 -0.022405 0.205860 0.062380
0.214050 -0.022405 0.214050 0.062833
50
0.222358 -0.022805 0.222358 0.063246
0.230781 -0.022992 0.230781 0.063619
0.239314 -0.023172 0.239314 0.063953
0.247956 -0.023345 0.247956 0.064250
55 0.256703 -0.023511 0.256703 0.064510
0.265551 -0.023668 0.265551 0.064736
0.274497 -0.023818 0.274497 0.064928
7
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.283537 -0.023961 0.283537 0.065087
5 0.292669 -0.024095 0.292669 0.065213
0.301888 -0.024222 0.301888 0.065306
0.311191 -0.024341 0.311191 0.065366
0.320574 -0.024453 0.320574 0.065392
10
0.330034 -0.024557 0.330034 0.065382
0.339567 -0.024654 0.339567 0.065337
0.349170 -0.024742 0.349170 0.065255
0.358838 -0.024822 0.358838 0.065136
0.368569 -0.024893 0.368569 0.064980
15 0.378357 -0.024954 0.378357 0.064786
0.388201 -0.025006 0.388201 0.064554
0.398095 -0.025047 0.398095 0.064285
0.408036 -0.025078 0.408036 0.063977
0.418020 -0.025097 0.418020 0.063630
20
0.428043 -0.025106 0.428043 0.063246
0.438102 -0.025104 0.438102 0.062822
0.448192 -0.025090 0.448192 0.062359
0.458310 -0.025065 0.458310 0.061857
25 0.468451 -0.025027 0.468451 0.061314
0.478613 -0.024977 0.478613 0.060730
0.488790 -0.024914 0.488790 0.060105
0.498979 -0.024838 0.498979 0.059437
0.509177 -0.024750 0.509177 0.058725
30
0.519378 -0.024648 0.519378 0.057968
0.529580 -0.024534 0.529580 0.057165
0.539778 -0.024406 0.539778 0.056314
0.549969 -0.024265 0.549969 0.055414
35 0.560148 -0.024110 0.560148 0.054465
0.570312 -0.023943 0.570312 0.053466
0.580456 -0.023762 0.580456 0.052418
0.590577 -0.023568 0.590577 0.051323
0.600670 -0.023360 0.600670 0.050182
40
0.610733 -0.023138 0.610733 0.048997
0.620761 -0.022902 0.620761 0.047772
0.630750 -0.022650 0.630750 0.046508
0.640696 -0.022383 0.640696 0.045209
45 0.650596 -0.022100 0.650596 0.043880
0.660446 -0.021799 0.660446 0.042523
0.670241 -0.021482 0.670241 0.041142
0.679979 -0.021146 0.679979 0.039742
0.689655 -0.020793 0.689655 0.038325
50
0.699266 -0.020421 0.699266 0.036897
0.708808 -0.020030 0.708808 0.035460
0.718277 -0.019619 0.718277 0.034019
0.727670 -0.019188 0.727670 0.032577
55 0.736983 -0.018734 0.736983 0.031138
0.746212 -0.018256 0.746212 0.029705
0.755355 -0.017751 0.755355 0.028280
8
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.764406 -0.017218 0.764406 0.026864
5 0.773364 -0.016653 0.773364 0.025461
0.782224 -0.016056 0.782224 0.024070
0.790983 -0.015426 0.790983 0.022693
0.799638 -0.014765 0.799638 0.021332
10
0.808185 -0.014075 0.808185 0.019986
0.816622 -0.013359 0.816622 0.018658
0.824944 -0.012623 0.824944 0.017349
0.833149 -0.011872 0.833149 0.016061
0.841233 -0.011110 0.841233 0.014799
15 0.849193 -0.010343 0.849193 0.013565
0.857027 -0.009576 0.857027 0.012365
0.864731 -0.008815 0.864731 0.011204
0.872303 -0.008066 0.872303 0.010088
0.879738 -0.007335 0.879738 0.009023
20
0.887036 -0.006632 0.887036 0.008016
0.894192 -0.005964 0.894192 0.007072
0.901204 -0.005340 0.901204 0.006198
0.908069 -0.004767 0.908069 0.005400
25 0.914785 -0.004253 0.914785 0.004684
0.921349 -0.003800 0.921349 0.004056
0.927758 -0.003413 0.927758 0.003520
0.934010 -0.003091 0.934010 0.003077
0.940103 -0.002832 0.940103 0.002727
30
0.946035 -0.002633 0.946035 0.002463
0.951802 -0.002490 0.951802 0.002276
0.957403 -0.002395 0.957403 0.002153
0.962836 -0.002339 0.962836 0.002083
35 0.968098 -0.002311 0.968098 0.002049
0.973188 -0.002302 0.973188 0.002039
0.978104 -0.002303 0.978104 0.002042
0.982843 -0.002309 0.982843 0.002052
0.987404 -0.002316 0.987404 0.002064
40
0.991785 -0.002323 0.991785 0.002074
0.995984 -0.002328 0.995984 0.002084
1.000000 -0.002332 1.000000 0.002092
45 [0018] A maximum error of each one of the predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the prede-
[0019] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an airfoil for a rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft
50 by the airfoil having the maximum thickness to chord ratio of 9% as described above.
leading edge circle that defines an underlying curvature at the leading edge of the airfoil having the maximum thickness
to chord ratio of 9% as described above amounts to r/c = 0.00481. The leading edge circle has its associated center of
circle located at x/c = 0.00481 and yext/c = 0.00008.
55 [0021] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a trailing edge tab is provided at the
extrados.
9
EP 3 112 258 B1
to the chord line of the airfoil.
[0023] According to still another aspect of the present invention, an airfoil for a rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft that
has a maximum thickness to chord ratio of 8% comprises, between a leading edge and a trailing edge, an extrados and
5 an intrados. The intrados is defined by predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the extrados is
defined by predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c. Therein, x is a distance from the leading edge to
the trailing edge along a chord line of the airfoil, c is a length of the airfoil in chord direction, yint is a distance between
the chord line and a respective intrados surface and yext is a distance between the chord line and a respective extrados
surface. The predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the predetermined extrados coordinate value
10 pairs x/c, yext/c are defined according to Table 3 below.
TABLE 3:
15 0.000000 0.000215 0.000000 0.000215

0.000108 -0.000757 0.000078 0.001200
0.000411 -0.001747 0.000327 0.002240
0.000926 -0.002750 0.000739 0.003360
0.001662 -0.003727 0.001310 0.004558
20
0.002616 -0.004655 0.002049 0.005839
0.003800 -0.005525 0.002973 0.007227
0.005244 -0.006340 0.004129 0.008754
0.006978 -0.007128 0.005577 0.010448
25 0.009067 -0.007908 0.007390 0.012337
0.011619 -0.008697 0.009666 0.014451
0.014783 -0.009530 0.012523 0.016812
0.018750 -0.010418 0.016062 0.019413
0.023722 -0.011352 0.020339 0.022198
30 0.029809 -0.012304 0.025333 0.025063
0.036922 -0.013230 0.030955 0.027888
0.044810 -0.014099 0.037107 0.030586
0.053218 -0.014906 0.043702 0.033107
35
0.061943 -0.015652 0.050680 0.035432
0.070873 -0.016345 0.058002 0.037567
0.079906 -0.016990 0.065631 0.039529
0.088988 -0.017593 0.073520 0.041336
0.098046 -0.018154 0.081608 0.043000
40 0.107068 -0.018678 0.089839 0.044528
0.116047 -0.019169 0.098172 0.045923
0.124990 -0.019632 0.106577 0.047188
0.133918 -0.020068 0.115037 0.048325
0.142864 -0.020484 0.123550 0.049337
45
0.151836 -0.020880 0.132127 0.050232
0.160857 -0.021259 0.140777 0.051020
0.169928 -0.021623 0.149509 0.051716
0.179052 -0.021972 0.158319 0.052338
50 0.188212 -0.022307 0.167169 0.052894
0.197390 -0.022628 0.176050 0.053383
0.206574 -0.022937 0.184960 0.053815
0.215752 -0.023233 0.193877 0.054190
0.224921 -0.023518 0.202805 0.054506
55
0.234080 -0.023790 0.211741 0.054767
0.243213 -0.024051 0.220690 0.054973
0.252331 -0.024302 0.229653 0.055126
10
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.261430 -0.024541 0.238634 0.055229
5 0.270527 -0.024771 0.247642 0.055289
0.279620 -0.024990 0.256664 0.055307
0.288732 -0.025198 0.265716 0.055288
0.297858 -0.025397 0.274800 0.055241
10
0.307010 -0.025588 0.283904 0.055169
0.316188 -0.025771 0.293030 0.055078
0.325380 -0.025946 0.302179 0.054971
0.334565 -0.026112 0.311343 0.054856
0.343733 -0.026272 0.320511 0.054731
15 0.352895 -0.026423 0.329689 0.054599
0.362062 -0.026567 0.338869 0.054462
0.371226 -0.026705 0.348043 0.054319
0.380408 -0.026835 0.357211 0.054168
0.389592 -0.026960 0.366378 0.054008
20
0.398773 -0.027082 0.375537 0.053840
0.407948 -0.027194 0.384693 0.053659
0.417114 -0.027296 0.393848 0.053468
0.426264 -0.027388 0.403006 0.053265
25 0.435411 -0.027472 0.412163 0.053052
0.444557 -0.027545 0.421324 0.052828
0.453708 -0.027610 0.430488 0.052595
0.462868 -0.027663 0.439656 0.052354
0.472038 -0.027705 0.448824 0.052104
30
0.481218 -0.027736 0.457990 0.051848
0.490405 -0.027757 0.467151 0.051581
0.499600 -0.027765 0.476316 0.051306
0.508797 -0.027761 0.485468 0.051024
35 0.517989 -0.027743 0.494612 0.050728
0.527173 -0.027713 0.503750 0.050418
0.536346 -0.027668 0.512886 0.050095
0.545491 -0.027609 0.522011 0.049757
0.554621 -0.027536 0.531136 0.049400
40
0.563731 -0.027444 0.540266 0.049029
0.572814 -0.027339 0.549383 0.048643
0.581885 -0.027215 0.558500 0.048237
0.590939 -0.027072 0.567617 0.047814
45 0.599982 -0.026910 0.576733 0.047374
0.609025 -0.026731 0.585841 0.046918
0.618071 -0.026516 0.594933 0.046442
0.627122 -0.026269 0.604018 0.045944
0.636179 -0.025988 0.613076 0.045422
50
0.645255 -0.025677 0.622116 0.044865
0.654342 -0.025340 0.631136 0.044278
0.663446 -0.024980 0.640125 0.043651
0.672559 -0.024601 0.649101 0.042983
55 0.681681 -0.024204 0.658056 0.042268
0.690809 -0.023791 0.667004 0.041505
0.699940 -0.023364 0.675947 0.040692
11
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.709072 -0.022922 0.684895 0.039831
5 0.718204 -0.022468 0.693854 0.038922
0.727323 -0.022000 0.702833 0.037972
0.736438 -0.021514 0.711841 0.036986
0.745545 -0.021011 0.720869 0.035967
10
0.754646 -0.020488 0.729930 0.034916
0.763749 -0.019946 0.739005 0.033838
0.772838 -0.019385 0.748093 0.032735
0.781925 -0.018800 0.757187 0.031610
0.791017 -0.018195 0.766273 0.030463
15 0.800106 -0.017569 0.775334 0.029305
0.809195 -0.016921 0.784371 0.028132
0.818292 -0.016252 0.793385 0.026950
0.827400 -0.015566 0.802375 0.025754
0.836515 -0.014864 0.811351 0.024551
20
0.845633 -0.014148 0.820321 0.023336
0.854759 -0.013419 0.829305 0.022108
0.863883 -0.012681 0.838309 0.020864
0.872989 -0.011934 0.847334 0.019607
25 0.882064 -0.011172 0.856389 0.018334
0.891090 -0.010393 0.865463 0.017051
0.900055 -0.009580 0.874538 0.015760
0.908968 -0.008727 0.883610 0.014463
0.917793 -0.007820 0.892663 0.013166
30
0.926569 -0.006869 0.901705 0.011868
0.935039 -0.005887 0.910726 0.010564
0.943157 -0.004809 0.919634 0.009266
0.950722 -0.003725 0.928288 0.007973
35 0.958140 -0.003014 0.936612 0.006671
0.965683 -0.002577 0.944461 0.005343
0.973486 -0.002486 0.952013 0.004032
0.981658 -0.002497 0.959220 0.003090
0.989505 -0.002498 0.966334 0.002578
40
0.996281 -0.002499 0.973827 0.002484
1.000000 -0.002500 0.981787 0.002497
0.989536 0.002498
0.996283 0.002499
45 1.000000 0.002500
[0024] A maximum error of each one of the predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the prede-
[0025] According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an airfoil for a rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft
50
by the airfoil having the maximum thickness to chord ratio of 8% as described above.
leading edge circle that defines an underlying curvature at the leading edge of the airfoil having the maximum thickness
55
to chord ratio of 8% as described above amounts to r/c = 0.00502. The leading edge circle has its associated center of
circle located at x/c = 0.00502 and yext/c = 0.00028.
[0027] According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, a trailing edge tab is provided at the
12
EP 3 112 258 B1
extrados.
5 to the chord line of the airfoil.
[0029] The above described object of the present invention is also solved by a rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft that
comprises at least one of the above-described airfoils.
[0030] Thus, new rotor blades and in particular new main rotor blades can be manufactured that allow for an improve-
ment of an overall performance of a main rotor of a rotary wing aircraft, in particular of a helicopter, while maintaining
10 favorable unsteady characteristics thereof, such as dynamic stall. Advantageously, such new main rotor blades can be
provided with a particular geometric shape by application of the inventive airfoils at specific radial positions along these
main rotor blades.
[0031] Preferred embodiments of the invention are outlined by way of example in the following description with reference
to the attached drawing In these attached drawings, identical or identically functioning components and elements are
15 labeled with identical reference numbers and characters and are, consequently, only described once in the following
description.
- Figure 1 shows a sectional view of a rotor blade of a rotary wing aircraft with an airfoil having a maximum thickness
to chord ratio of 12%,
20
- Figure 2 shows a sectional view of the rotor blade of Figure 1 with an airfoil having a maximum thickness to chord
ratio of 9%,
- Figure 3 shows a sectional view of the rotor blade of Figure 1 with an airfoil having a maximum thickness to chord
25 ratio of 8%,
- Figure 4 shows a maximum lift coefficient diagram for the airfoils of Figure 1 to Figure 3,
- Figure 5 shows a maximum lift to drag ratio diagram for the airfoils of Figure 1 to Figure 3,
30
- Figure 6 shows a pressure coefficient diagram for the airfoil of Figure 2, and
- Figure 7 shows a rotor figure of merit for rotor blades having the airfoils of Figure 1 and Figure 2.
35 [0032] Figure 1 shows a rotor blade 1 of a rotary wing aircraft that is provided with an airfoil 1a according to a first
aspect of the present invention. The airfoil 1a preferably comprises a maximum thickness to chord ratio of 12%.
[0033] Illustratively, the airfoil 1a comprises a leading edge 3a and a trailing edge 3b, which are illustratively arranged
on an airfoil chord line 2 of the airfoil 1a. The airfoil 1a illustratively further comprises an intrados 4a and an extrados 4b
that extend between the leading edge 3a and the trailing edge 3b. The intrados 4a is defined by predetermined intrados
40 coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the extrados 4b is defined by predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c,
yext/c. Therein, x is a distance from the leading edge 3a to the trailing edge 3b along the chord line 2, c is a length of
the airfoil 1a in chord direction, yint is a distance between the chord line 2 and a respective intrados surface and yext is
a distance between the chord line 2 and a respective extrados surface.
[0034] According to one aspect of the present invention, the predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c
45 and the predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c of the airfoil 1a that comprises a maximum thickness
to chord ratio of 12% are defined according to Table 1 above. Preferably, a maximum error of each one of these
predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and these predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c,
yext/c amounts to 63%.
[0035] Preferably, the predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the predetermined extrados coor-
50 dinate value pairs x/c, yext/c of the airfoil 1a are determined in the region of the leading edge 3a on the basis of an
associated leading edge circle 2a that, thus, defines an underlying curvature of the airfoil 1a at the leading edge 3a. The
associated leading edge circle 2a preferably comprises a radius r with r/c = 0.01314. The center of circle of the leading
edge circle 2a is preferably located at x/c = 0.01314 and yint/c = yext/c = 0.00000.
[0036] Preferentially, a maximum error of each one of the above described leading edge circle dimensions amounts
55 to 65%. This likewise applies to all leading edge circle dimensions that are described in the present patent application.
[0037] According to one aspect of the present invention, the trailing edge 3b is provided with an associated trailing
edge tab 2b. The latter is preferentially defined by an at least essentially straight and parallel intrados 4a and extrados
4b. Preferably, the trailing edge tab 2b comprises a length in a range from 2% to 10% of the length of the airfoil 1a in
13
EP 3 112 258 B1
chord direction with a maximum inclination error of 65° relative to the chord line 2 of the airfoil 1a.
[0038] The predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the predetermined extrados coordinate value
pairs x/c, yext/c are exemplarily illustrated in an airfoil coordinate system 5, wherein the x/c values are outlined on a x-
axis 5a and wherein the yint/c and the yext/c values are outlined on a y-axis 5b. Accordingly, a chordwise position of a
5 maximum thickness 6 of the airfoil 1a is illustrated on the basis of Table 1 above at the location x/c = 0.284.
[0039] It should be noted that Table 1 above is illustrated by way of example with respect to the airfoil 1a having a
maximum thickness to chord ratio of 12%. However, this airfoil 1a and, consequently Table 1, may also be used as a
reference for defining other airfoils for rotor blades of rotary wing aircrafts with other maximum thickness to chord ratios.
According to one aspect of the present invention, the airfoil 1a is used as a reference airfoil for determining intrados
10 coordinate value pairs and extrados coordinate value pairs for an airfoil that comprises a maximum thickness to chord
ratio within a range from 9% to 15%.
[0040] More specifically, the maximum thickness to chord ratio of 12% of the airfoil 1a at the location x/c = 0.284 is
obtained by dividing the sum of the values |yext| and |yint| at this location x/c = 0.284 according to Table 1 through the
length c of the airfoil 1a in chord direction. Therein, |yint| defines approximately 28,5% of the maximum thickness and
15 |yext| approximately 71,5% thereof. If now, by way of example, a maximum thickness to chord ratio of 15% should be
realized, the values |yext| and |yint| at the location x/c = 0.284 according to Table 1 are rescaled such that the sum of the
values |yext| and |yint| at this location x/c = 0.284 according to Table 1 divided through the length c of the airfoil 1a in
chord direction amounts to 15%, wherein |yint| still defines approximately 28,5% of the maximum thickness and |yext|
approximately 71,5%. Such a rescaling is then correspondingly applied to all other values of Table 1 for obtaining an
20 airfoil with the maximum thickness to chord ratio of 15%.
[0041] It should be noted that the rescaling for obtention of the airfoil with a maximum thickness to chord ratio of 15%
is described above only by way of example and can similarly be applied to all other airfoils and maximum thickness to
chord ratios described in the present patent application. However, for brevity and conciseness, the explanation of such
a rescaling for other airfoils and maximum thickness to chord ratios will not be repeated hereinafter.
25 [0042] Figure 2 shows the rotor blade 1 of Figure 1 that is now provided with an airfoil 1b according to a second aspect
of the present invention, instead of the airfoil 1a of Figure 1. For brevity and conciseness, however, only the differences
between this airfoil 1b and the airfoil 1a of Figure 1 are described in detail hereinafter.
[0043] In contrast to the airfoil 1a of Figure 1, the airfoil 1b preferably comprises a maximum thickness to chord ratio
of 9% and the predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the predetermined extrados coordinate value
30 pairs x/c, yext/c of the airfoil 1b are defined according to Table 2 above, with c now being a length of the airfoil 1b in
chord direction. A chordwise position of the maximum thickness 6 of the airfoil 1b is illustrated on the basis of Table 2
above at the location x/c = 0.349.
[0044] Furthermore, while the predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the predetermined extrados
coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c of the airfoil 1b are determined in the region of the leading edge 3a similar to the airfoil
35 1a of Figure 1 on the basis of the leading edge circle 2a, the latter now preferably comprises a radius r with r/c = 0.00481.
The center of circle of the leading edge circle 2a of the airfoil 1b is now preferably located at x/c = 0.00481 and yext/c =
0.00008.
[0045] Finally, it should be noted that Table 2 above is illustrated by way of example with respect to the airfoil 1b
having a maximum thickness to chord ratio of 9%. However, this airfoil 1b and, consequently Table 2, may also be used
40 as a reference for defining other airfoils for rotor blades of rotary wing aircrafts with other maximum thickness to chord
ratios. According to one aspect of the present invention, the airfoil 1b is used as a reference airfoil for determining
intrados coordinate value pairs and extrados coordinate value pairs for an airfoil that comprises a maximum thickness
to chord ratio within a range from 7% to 12%.
[0046] Figure 3 shows the rotor blade 1 of Figure 1 that is now provided with an airfoil 1c according to a third aspect
45 of the present invention, instead of the airfoil 1a of Figure 1. For brevity and conciseness, however, only the differences
between this airfoil 1c and the airfoil 1a of Figure 1 are described in detail hereinafter.
[0047] In contrast to the airfoil 1a of Figure 1, the airfoil 1c preferably comprises a maximum thickness to chord ratio
of 8% and the predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and the predetermined extrados coordinate value
pairs x/c, yext/c of the airfoil 1b are defined according to Table 3 above, with c now being a length of the airfoil 1c in
50 chord direction. A chordwise position of the maximum thickness 6 of the airfoil 1c is illustrated on the basis of Table 3
above at the location x/c = 0.362. Furthermore, while the predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and
the predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c of the airfoil 1c are determined in the region of the leading
edge 3a similar to the airfoil 1a of Figure 1 on the basis of the leading edge circle 2a, the latter now preferably comprises
a radius r with r/c = 0.00502. The center of circle of the leading edge circle 2a of the airfoil 1c is now preferably located
55 at x/c = 0.00502 and yext/c = 0.00028.
[0048] Finally, it should be noted that Table 3 above is illustrated by way of example with respect to the airfoil 1c having
a maximum thickness to chord ratio of 8%. However, this airfoil 1c and, consequently Table 3, may also be used as a
reference for defining other airfoils for rotor blades of rotary wing aircrafts with other maximum thickness to chord ratios.
14
EP 3 112 258 B1
According to one aspect of the present invention, the airfoil 1c is used as a reference airfoil for determining intrados
coordinate value pairs and extrados coordinate value pairs for an airfoil that comprises a maximum thickness to chord
ratio within a range from 6% to 10%.
[0049] In the following, the inventive airfoils according to Figure 1 to Figure 3 above are compared to conventional
5 airfoils. By way of example, the airfoils with maximum thickness to chord ratios of 12% and 9% according to tables 3
and 5, respectively, of the document US 6,361,279 B1 are selected as the conventional airfoils.
[0050] Figure 4 shows a maximum lift coefficient diagram 7 with maximum lift coefficients C l,max outlined on a maximum
lift coefficient axis 7b, which are plotted over Mach numbers outlined on a Mach number axis 7a. The maximum lift
coefficient diagram 7 illustrates three exemplary rotor blade airfoil characteristic curves 8a, 9a, 10a for demonstrating
10 maximum lift coefficients that can be obtained in operation when applying the airfoils 1a, 1b, 1c of Figure 1 to Figure 3.
More specifically, the characteristic curve 8a illustrates maximum lift coefficients of the 12% airfoil 1a of Figure 1, the
characteristic curve 9a illustrates maximum lift coefficients of the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2 and the characteristic curve
10a illustrates maximum lift coefficients of the 8% airfoil 1c of Figure 3.
[0051] The maximum lift coefficient diagram 7 further illustrates two exemplary rotor blade airfoil characteristic curves
15 8b, 9b for demonstrating maximum lift coefficients that can be obtained in operation when applying conventional airfoils.
More specifically, the characteristic curve 8b illustrates maximum lift coefficients of a conventional 12% airfoil and the
characteristic curve 9b illustrates maximum lift coefficients of a conventional 9% airfoil.
[0052] Figure 4 is intended to allow a comparison between the characteristic curves 8a and 8b as well as 9a and 9b.
As can be seen from this comparison, higher maximum lift coefficients can be obtained with the 12% airfoil 1a of Figure
20 1 and the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2, than with the corresponding conventional airfoils in the illustrated Mach number range
from 0.3 to 0.6 for the 12% airfoil, respectively 0.4 to 0.6 for the 9% airfoil. Furthermore, even the 8% airfoil 1c of Figure
3 allows to achieve higher maximum lift coefficients in the illustrated Mach number range from 0.4 to 0.6 than those that
are obtained with the conventional 9% airfoil, as can be seen from a comparison of the characteristic curves 10a and 9b.
[0053] Figure 5 shows a maximum lift to drag ratio diagram 11 with maximum lift to drag ratios L/Dmax outlined on a
25 maximum lift to drag ratio axis 11b, which are plotted over Mach numbers outlined on a Mach number axis 11a. The
maximum lift to drag ratio diagram 11 illustrates three exemplary rotor blade airfoil characteristic curves 12a, 13a, 14a
for demonstrating maximum lift to drag ratios that can be obtained in operation when applying the airfoils 1a, 1b, 1c of
Figure 1 to Figure 3. More specifically, the characteristic curve 12a illustrates maximum lift to drag ratios of the 12%
airfoil 1a of Figure 1, the characteristic curve 13a illustrates maximum lift to drag ratios of the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2
30 and the characteristic curve 14a illustrates maximum lift to drag ratios of the 8% airfoil 1c of Figure 3.
[0054] The maximum lift to drag ratio diagram 11 further illustrates two exemplary rotor blade airfoil characteristic
curves 12b, 13b for demonstrating maximum lift to drag ratios that can be obtained in operation when applying conven-
tional airfoils. More specifically, the characteristic curve 12b illustrates maximum lift to drag ratios of a conventional 12%
airfoil and the characteristic curve 13b illustrates maximum lift to drag ratios of a conventional 9% airfoil.
35 [0055] Figure 5 is intended to allow a comparison between the characteristic curves 12a and 12b as well as 13a and
13b. As can be seen from this comparison, higher maximum lift to drag ratios can be obtained with the 12% airfoil 1a of
Figure 1 and the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2, than with the corresponding conventional airfoils in the illustrated Mach number
range from 0.3 to 0.6. Furthermore, even the 8% airfoil 1c of Figure 3 allows to achieve higher maximum lift to drag
ratios in the illustrated Mach number range from 0.3 to 0.6, except for the Mach number 0.5, than those that are obtained
40 with the conventional 9% airfoil, as can be seen from a comparison of the characteristic curves 14a and 13b.
[0056] Figure 6 shows a pressure coefficient diagram 15 with pressure coefficients Cp outlined on a pressure coefficient
axis 15b, which are plotted over an underlying chord length outlined on a chord axis 15a. The pressure coefficient
diagram 15 illustrates two exemplary rotor blade airfoil characteristic curves 16a, 16c for demonstrating pressure coef-
ficients that can be obtained in operation when applying the airfoil 1b of Figure 2. More specifically, the characteristic
45 curve 16a illustrates pressure coefficients obtained at the extrados 4b of the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2 and the characteristic
curve 16c illustrates pressure coefficients obtained at the intrados 4a of the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2.
[0057] The pressure coefficient diagram 15 further illustrates two exemplary rotor blade airfoil characteristic curves
16b, 16d for demonstrating pressure coefficients that can be obtained in operation when applying conventional airfoils.
More specifically, the characteristic curve 16b illustrates pressure coefficients obtained at the extrados of a conventional
50 9% airfoil and the characteristic curve 16d illustrates pressure coefficients obtained at the intrados of a conventional 9%
airfoil.
[0058] Figure 6 is intended to allow a comparison between the characteristic curves 16a and 16b as well as 16c and
16d. As can be seen in particular from a comparison of the characteristic curves 16a and 16b, suction peaks 17b on the
extrados 4b of the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2 are significantly smaller than on the extrados of the conventional 9% airfoil,
55 thereby allowing for higher maximum lift coefficients at moderate Mach numbers, as illustrated in Figure 4, and further
allowing the reduction of transonic shocks at high lift coefficients. Furthermore, a geometrically defined main pressure
recovery 17a is introduced at a downstream position of the extrados 4b of the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2 compared to the
conventional 9% airfoil, thus allowing for a reduced aerodynamic drag due to an extended laminar running length on the
15
EP 3 112 258 B1
extrados 4b of the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2.

[0059] Figure 7 shows a rotor figure of merit 18 with figure of merit values FM outlined on a figure of merit axis 18b,
which are plotted over blade loading values CT/σ outlined on a blade loading axis 18a. The rotor figure of merit 18
illustrates an exemplary rotor blade characteristic curve 19a for demonstrating figure of merit values that can be obtained
5 in operation when applying the 12% airfoil 1a of Figure 1 and the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2 in a single rotor blade, e. g.
the rotor blade 1 of Figure 1 and Figure 2. The rotor figure of merit 18 further illustrates an exemplary rotor blade
characteristic curve 19b for demonstrating figure of merit values that can be obtained in operation when applying con-
ventional 9% and 12% airfoils in a single rotor blade.
[0060] When comparing the characteristic curves 19a, 19b, it can be seen that a gain 20 of approximately 1% can be
10 achieved. Moreover, the single rotor blade with the 12% airfoil 1a of Figure 1 and the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2 can further
be improved according to one aspect of the present invention by applying the 8% airfoil 1c of Figure 3 in a corresponding
blade tip region thereof in order to alleviate transonic shocks at a respectively advancing blade side of the single rotor
blade in operation in case of high speed forward flight. More specifically, replacement of the conventional 9% and 12%
airfoils by the 9% and 12% airfoils 1a, 1b of Figure 1 and Figure 2 on an exemplary rotor - with identical planform shape,
15 twist and radial thickness distribution - advantageously leads to an improved hover performance in terms of ’Figure of
merit’.
[0061] It should be noted that modifications to the above described embodiments are within the common knowledge
of the person skilled in the art and, thus, also considered as being part of the present invention. For instance, according
to Figure 1 to Figure 3 described above, the rotor blade 1 of a rotary wing aircraft is respectively provided with one of
20 the airfoils 1a, 1b, 1c. However, the rotor blade 1 may likewise be provided with two of the airfoils 1a, 1b, 1c, as well as
all three airfoils 1a, 1b, 1c, as described above with respect to Figure 7.
Reference List
25 [0062]
1 rotor blade
1a 12% rotor blade airfoil

30
1b 9% rotor blade airfoil
1c 8% rotor blade airfoil
35 2 airfoil chord
2a leading edge circle
2b trailing edge tab

40
3a airfoil leading edge
3b airfoil trailing edge
45 4a intrados
4b extrados
5 airfoil coordinate system

50
5a x-axis
5b y-axis
55 6 maximum thickness
7 maximum lift coefficient diagram
16
EP 3 112 258 B1
7a Mach number axis
7b maximum lift coefficient axis
5 8a 12% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve
8b conventional 12% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve
9a 9% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve

10
15 11 maximum lift to drag ratio diagram
11a Mach number axis
11b maximum lift to drag ratio axis

20
25 13a 9% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve

30
15 pressure coefficient diagram
15a chord axis
35 15b pressure coefficient axis
16a 9% rotor blade airfoil extrados characteristic curve
16b conventional 9% rotor blade airfoil extrados characteristic curve

40
16c 9% rotor blade airfoil intrados characteristic curve
16d conventional 9% rotor blade airfoil intrados characteristic curve
45 17a main pressure recovery location
17b suction peak location
18 rotor figure of merit

50
18a blade loading axis
18b figure of merit axis
55 19a rotor blade with 9% and 12% airfoil characteristic curve
19b conventional rotor blade with 9% and 12% airfoil characteristic curve
17
EP 3 112 258 B1
20 1% gain in figure of merit
Claims
5
1. An airfoil (1a) for a rotor blade (1) of a rotary wing aircraft, said airfoil (1a) having a maximum thickness to chord
ratio of 12% and comprising, between a leading edge (3a) and a trailing edge (3b), an extrados (4b) and an intrados
(4a), said intrados (4a) being defined by predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and said extrados
(4b) being defined by predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c, wherein x is a distance from said
10 leading edge (3a) to said trailing edge (3b) along a chord line (2) of said airfoil (1a), c is a length of said airfoil (1a)
in chord direction, yint is a distance between said chord line (2) and a respective intrados surface and yext is a
distance between said chord line (2) and a respective extrados surface, characterized in that said predetermined
intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and said predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c are as
follows:
15

0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
0.000077 -0.001398 0.000077 0.001446
20 0.000307 -0.002749 0.000306 0.002940
0.000690 -0.004055 0.000689 0.004483
0.001226 -0.005315 0.001226 0.006071
0.001915 -0.006532 0.001914 0.007707
0.002756 -0.007707 0.002756 0.009385
25
0.003750 -0.008838 0.003750 0.011105
0.004897 -0.009926 0.004896 0.012865
0.006195 -0.010971 0.006194 0.014662
0.007644 -0.011971 0.007644 0.016492
30 0.009245 -0.012928 0.009244 0.018354
0.010996 -0.013840 0.010995 0.020243
0.012897 -0.014710 0.012896 0.022155
0.014947 -0.015537 0.014947 0.024087
0.017146 -0.016325 0.017146 0.026035
35
0.019494 -0.017076 0.019494 0.027995
0.021989 -0.017793 0.021989 0.029962
0.024631 -0.018478 0.024630 0.031932
0.027418 -0.019136 0.027418 0.033902
40 0.030351 -0.019769 0.030351 0.035867
0.033429 -0.020380 0.033428 0.037823
0.036649 -0.020971 0.036649 0.039766
0.040012 -0.021544 0.040012 0.041694
0.043517 -0.022102 0.043517 0.043603
45 0.047162 -0.022644 0.047162 0.045489
0.050946 -0.023172 0.050946 0.047350
0.054869 -0.023685 0.054868 0.049183
0.058929 -0.024185 0.058928 0.050985
50
0.063124 -0.024671 0.063124 0.052754
0.067454 -0.025143 0.067454 0.054487
0.071918 -0.025602 0.071917 0.056181
0.076514 -0.026048 0.076513 0.057837
0.081240 -0.026482 0.081239 0.059451
55 0.086096 -0.026902 0.086095 0.061022
0.091079 -0.027311 0.091078 0.062551
0.096189 -0.027708 0.096188 0.064035
18
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.101424 -0.028093 0.101423 0.065474
5 0.106782 -0.028467 0.106781 0.066868
0.112262 -0.028830 0.112261 0.068216
0.117862 -0.029182 0.117862 0.069519
0.123581 -0.029524 0.123580 0.070777
10
0.129416 -0.029853 0.129416 0.071989
0.135367 -0.030173 0.135366 0.073156
0.141431 -0.030481 0.141430 0.074278
0.147607 -0.030778 0.147606 0.075355
0.153892 -0.031064 0.153891 0.076387
15 0.160285 -0.031338 0.160284 0.077373
0.166784 -0.031601 0.166783 0.078315
0.173388 -0.031852 0.173387 0.079210
0.180093 -0.032092 0.180092 0.080058
0.186899 -0.032319 0.186898 0.080856
20
0.193802 -0.032535 0.193802 0.081606
0.200802 -0.032739 0.200801 0.082302
0.207896 -0.032930 0.207895 0.082944
0.215082 -0.033110 0.215081 0.083529
25 0.222358 -0.033276 0.222357 0.084054
0.229722 -0.033431 0.229721 0.084516
0.237171 -0.033574 0.237170 0.084914
0.244703 -0.033703 0.244702 0.085243
0.252317 -0.033819 0.252316 0.085502
30
0.260010 -0.033924 0.260009 0.085689
0.267779 -0.034017 0.267778 0.085805
0.275622 -0.034096 0.275621 0.085848
0.283538 -0.034166 0.283537 0.085821
35 0.291523 -0.034222 0.291522 0.085722
0.299575 -0.034269 0.299574 0.085557
0.307693 -0.034304 0.307692 0.085328
0.315873 -0.034330 0.315872 0.085037
0.324113 -0.034346 0.324112 0.084689
40
0.332411 -0.034353 0.332410 0.084288
0.340764 -0.034350 0.340763 0.083837
0.349170 -0.034340 0.349169 0.083342
0.357627 -0.034321 0.357626 0.082805
45 0.366131 -0.034294 0.366130 0.082231
0.374680 -0.034259 0.374679 0.081625
0.383273 -0.034214 0.383272 0.080987
0.391905 -0.034163 0.391905 0.080323
0.400576 -0.034103 0.400575 0.079635
50
0.409282 -0.034035 0.409281 0.078926
0.418020 -0.033958 0.418019 0.078196
0.426788 -0.033873 0.426787 0.077447
0.435584 -0.033779 0.435583 0.076679
55 0.444405 -0.033678 0.444404 0.075896
0.453248 -0.033567 0.453247 0.075093
0.462110 -0.033448 0.462109 0.074273
19
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.470990 -0.033322 0.470989 0.073436
5 0.479884 -0.033187 0.479883 0.072580
0.488790 -0.033045 0.488789 0.071707
0.497705 -0.032894 0.497705 0.070816
0.506627 -0.032735 0.506626 0.069907
10
0.515553 -0.032568 0.515552 0.068981
0.524480 -0.032393 0.524479 0.068037
0.533405 -0.032210 0.533405 0.067076
0.542327 -0.032017 0.542326 0.066097
0.551242 -0.031818 0.551242 0.065104
15 0.560148 -0.031609 0.560147 0.064093
0.569042 -0.031394 0.569042 0.063069
0.577922 -0.031169 0.577921 0.062029
0.586785 -0.030936 0.586784 0.060976
0.595627 -0.030694 0.595627 0.059910
20
0.604448 -0.030445 0.604447 0.058833
0.613244 -0.030187 0.613243 0.057745
0.622012 -0.029919 0.622011 0.056647
0.630750 -0.029641 0.630750 0.055540
25 0.639456 -0.029355 0.639455 0.054426
0.648126 -0.029059 0.648125 0.053303
0.656759 -0.028751 0.656758 0.052171
0.665351 -0.028433 0.665350 0.051030
0.673900 -0.028103 0.673900 0.049879
30
0.682404 -0.027759 0.682404 0.048717
0.690861 -0.027402 0.690860 0.047544
0.699266 -0.027028 0.699266 0.046357
0.707619 -0.026640 0.707619 0.045158
35 0.715917 -0.026232 0.715917 0.043942
0.724157 -0.025804 0.724157 0.042711
0.732337 -0.025356 0.732336 0.041464
0.740454 -0.024883 0.740454 0.040199
0.748506 -0.024388 0.748506 0.038920
40
0.756491 -0.023867 0.756491 0.037626
0.764407 -0.023322 0.764406 0.036317
0.772250 -0.022751 0.772249 0.034996
0.780019 -0.022156 0.780018 0.033664
45 0.787711 -0.021536 0.787710 0.032324
0.795324 -0.020893 0.795324 0.030978
0.802856 -0.020227 0.802856 0.029628
0.810305 -0.019541 0.810305 0.028278
0.817668 -0.018834 0.817668 0.026929
50
0.824944 -0.018109 0.824944 0.025584
0.832130 -0.017366 0.832129 0.024246
0.839223 -0.016608 0.839223 0.022916
0.846223 -0.015835 0.846223 0.021597
55 0.853126 -0.015050 0.853126 0.020291
0.859932 -0.014255 0.859931 0.019000
0.866637 -0.013451 0.866636 0.017726
20
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.873240 -0.012643 0.873239 0.016472
5 0.879738 -0.011831 0.879738 0.015238
0.886131 -0.011019 0.886131 0.014030
0.892416 -0.010213 0.892416 0.012851
0.898591 -0.009416 0.898591 0.011704
10
0.904655 -0.008633 0.904655 0.010596
0.910605 -0.007871 0.910605 0.009532
0.916440 -0.007134 0.916440 0.008516
0.922158 -0.006430 0.922158 0.007556
0.927758 -0.005764 0.927758 0.006655
15 0.933238 -0.005141 0.933237 0.005821
0.938595 -0.004564 0.938595 0.005056
0.943830 -0.004039 0.943830 0.004363
0.948939 -0.003564 0.948939 0.003743
0.953922 -0.003142 0.953922 0.003197
20
0.956325 -0.002953 0.958777 0.002723
0.959739 -0.002725 0.963503 0.002318
0.963158 -0.002563 0.968098 0.001979
0.966579 -0.002457 0.970001 0.001854
25 0.970001 -0.002402 0.976001 0.001909
0.976001 -0.002347 0.982001 0.001964
0.982001 -0.002293 0.988001 0.002019
0.988001 -0.002238 0.994000 0.002073
0.994000 -0.002183 1.000000 0.002128
30
1.000000 -0.002128
wherein a maximum error of each one of said predetermined intrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yint/c and said
predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c amounts to 63%.
35
2. An airfoil for a rotor blade (1) of a rotary wing aircraft, said airfoil having a maximum thickness to chord ratio within
a range from 9% to 15% and comprising intrados coordinate value pairs and extrados coordinate value pairs that
are determined on the basis of a reference airfoil (1a), said reference airfoil (1a) being defined by said airfoil (1a)
according to claim 1, wherein said value pairs yint/c and yext/c are rescaled at each location x/c for a respectively
40 selected value between 9% and 15% for the maximum thickness to chord ratio on the basis of a rescaling at a
location x/c = 0.284, wherein said value pairs yint/c and yext/c are rescaled at said location x/c = 0.284 such that the
sum of |yext|and |yint| divided through c amounts to said respectively selected value between 9% and 15% for the
maximum thickness to chord ratio and wherein a value |yint| divided by the local thickness and another value |yext|
divided by the local thickness have values corresponding to the values of the reference airfoil (1a) at each location x/c.
45
3. The airfoil (1a) according to claim 1,
characterized in that an associated leading edge radius of a leading edge circle (2a) that defines an underlying
curvature at said leading edge (3a) of said airfoil (1a) amounts to r/c = 0.01314, said leading edge circle (2a) having
its associated center of circle located at x/c = 0.01314 and yint/c = yext/c = 0.00000.
50
4. The airfoil (1a) according to claim 1,
characterized in that a trailing edge tab (2b) is provided at said trailing edge (3b) of said airfoil (1a), said trailing
edge tab (2b) being defined by an at least essentially straight and parallel intrados (4a) and extrados (4b).
55 5. The airfoil (1a) according to claim 4,

characterized in that said trailing edge tab (2b) comprises a length in a range from 2% to 10% of said length of
said airfoil (1a) in chord direction with a maximum inclination error of 65° relative to said chord line (2) of said airfoil
(1a).
21
EP 3 112 258 B1
6. An airfoil (1b) for a rotor blade (1) of a rotary wing aircraft, said airfoil (1b) having a maximum thickness to chord
5 leading edge (3a) to said trailing edge (3b) along a chord line (2) of said airfoil (1b), c is a length of said airfoil (1b)
follows:
10

0.000000 0.000079 0.000000 0.000079
0.000100 -0.000821 0.000100 0.001156
15 0.000400 -0.001602 0.000400 0.002431
0.000901 -0.002314 0.000901 0.003855
0.001601 -0.002993 0.001601 0.005382
0.002500 -0.003661 0.002500 0.006983
0.003599 -0.004331 0.003599 0.008637
20
0.004896 -0.005009 0.004896 0.010336
0.006392 -0.005694 0.006392 0.012070
0.008086 -0.006381 0.008086 0.013836
0.009977 -0.007067 0.009977 0.015625
25 0.012063 -0.007745 0.012063 0.017432
0.014346 -0.008412 0.014346 0.019249
0.016823 -0.009067 0.016823 0.021067
0.019494 -0.009707 0.019494 0.022879
0.022357 -0.010332 0.022357 0.024678
30
0.025412 -0.010940 0.025412 0.026457
0.028658 -0.011532 0.028658 0.028211
0.032092 -0.012105 0.032092 0.029937
0.035714 -0.012660 0.035714 0.031632
35 0.039523 -0.013196 0.039523 0.033296
0.043517 -0.013713 0.043517 0.034926
0.047694 -0.014211 0.047694 0.036523
0.052053 -0.014692 0.052053 0.038087
0.056592 -0.015154 0.056592 0.039615
40 0.061309 -0.015598 0.061309 0.041106
0.066203 -0.016025 0.066203 0.042558
0.071272 -0.016435 0.071272 0.043968
0.076513 -0.016831 0.076513 0.045335
45
0.081926 -0.017212 0.081926 0.046656
0.087506 -0.017580 0.087506 0.047929
0.093254 -0.017935 0.093254 0.049154
0.099165 -0.018280 0.099165 0.050329
0.105239 -0.018615 0.105239 0.051455
50 0.111472 -0.018941 0.111472 0.052533
0.117862 -0.019258 0.117862 0.053563
0.124407 -0.019567 0.124407 0.054546
0.131105 -0.019868 0.131105 0.055482
0.137952 -0.020161 0.137952 0.056373
55
0.144946 -0.020446 0.144946 0.057218
0.152085 -0.020723 0.152085 0.058018
0.159365 -0.020991 0.159365 0.058772
22
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.166784 -0.021250 0.166784 0.059482
5 0.174339 -0.021500 0.174339 0.060148
0.182027 -0.021740 0.182027 0.060769
0.189845 -0.021971 0.189845 0.061348
0.197791 -0.022193 0.197791 0.061885
10
0.205860 -0.022405 0.205860 0.062380
0.214050 -0.022609 0.214050 0.062833
0.222358 -0.022805 0.222358 0.063246
0.230781 -0.022992 0.230781 0.063619
0.239314 -0.023172 0.239314 0.063953
15 0.247956 -0.023345 0.247956 0.064250
0.256703 -0.023511 0.256703 0.064510
0.265551 -0.023668 0.265551 0.064736
0.274497 -0.023818 0.274497 0.064928
0.283537 -0.023961 0.283537 0.065087
20
0.292669 -0.024095 0.292669 0.065213
0.301888 -0.024222 0.301888 0.065306
0.311191 -0.024341 0.311191 0.065366
0.320574 -0.024453 0.320574 0.065392
25 0.330034 -0.024557 0.330034 0.065382
0.339567 -0.024654 0.339567 0.065337
0.349170 -0.024742 0.349170 0.065255
0.358838 -0.024822 0.358838 0.065136
0.368569 -0.024893 0.368569 0.064980
30
0.378357 -0.024954 0.378357 0.064786
0.388201 -0.025006 0.388201 0.064554
0.398095 -0.025047 0.398095 0.064285
0.408036 -0.025078 0.408036 0.063977
35 0.418020 -0.025097 0.418020 0.063630
0.428043 -0.025106 0.428043 0.063246
0.438102 -0.025104 0.438102 0.062822
0.448192 -0.025090 0.448192 0.062359
0.458310 -0.025065 0.458310 0.061857
40
0.468451 -0.025027 0.468451 0.061314
0.478613 -0.024977 0.478613 0.060730
0.488790 -0.024914 0.488790 0.060105
0.498979 -0.024838 0.498979 0.059437
45 0.509177 -0.024750 0.509177 0.058725
0.519378 -0.024648 0.519378 0.057968
0.529580 -0.024534 0.529580 0.057165
0.539778 -0.024406 0.539778 0.056314
0.549969 -0.024265 0.549969 0.055414
50
0.560148 -0.024110 0.560148 0.054465
0.570312 -0.023943 0.570312 0.053466
0.580456 -0.023762 0.580456 0.052418
0.590577 -0.023568 0.590577 0.051323
55 0.600670 -0.023360 0.600670 0.050182
0.610733 -0.023138 0.610733 0.048997
0.620761 -0.022902 0.620761 0.047772
23
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.630750 -0.022650 0.630750 0.046508
5 0.640696 -0.022383 0.640696 0.045209
0.650596 -0.022100 0.650596 0.043880
0.660446 -0.021799 0.660446 0.042523
0.670241 -0.021482 0.670241 0.041142
10
0.679979 -0.021146 0.679979 0.039742
0.689655 -0.020793 0.689655 0.038325
0.699266 -0.020421 0.699266 0.036897
0.708808 -0.020030 0.708808 0.035460
0.718277 -0.019619 0.718277 0.034019
15 0.727670 -0.019188 0.727670 0.032577
0.736983 -0.018734 0.736983 0.031138
0.746212 -0.018256 0.746212 0.029705
0.755355 -0.017751 0.755355 0.028280
0.764406 -0.017218 0.764406 0.026864
20
0.773364 -0.016653 0.773364 0.025461
0.782224 -0.016056 0.782224 0.024070
0.790983 -0.015426 0.790983 0.022693
0.799638 -0.014765 0.799638 0.021332
25 0.808185 -0.014075 0.808185 0.019986
0.816622 -0.013359 0.816622 0.018658
0.824944 -0.012623 0.824944 0.017349
0.833149 -0.011872 0.833149 0.016061
0.841233 -0.011110 0.841233 0.014799
30
0.849193 -0.010343 0.849193 0.013565
0.857027 -0.009576 0.857027 0.012365
0.864731 -0.008815 0.864731 0.011204
0.872303 -0.008066 0.872303 0.010088
35 0.879738 -0.007335 0.879738 0.009023
0.887036 -0.006632 0.887036 0.008016
0.894192 -0.005964 0.894192 0.007072
0.901204 -0.005340 0.901204 0.006198
0.908069 -0.004767 0.908069 0.005400
40
0.914785 -0.004253 0.914785 0.004684
0.921349 -0.003800 0.921349 0.004056
0.927758 -0.003413 0.927758 0.003520
0.934010 -0.003091 0.934010 0.003077
45 0.940103 -0.002832 0.940103 0.002727
0.946035 -0.002633 0.946035 0.002463
0.951802 -0.002490 0.951802 0.002276
0.957403 -0.002395 0.957403 0.002153
0.962836 -0.002339 0.962836 0.002083
50
0.968098 -0.002311 0.968098 0.002049
0.973188 -0.002302 0.973188 0.002039
0.978104 -0.002303 0.978104 0.002042
0.982843 -0.002309 0.982843 0.002052
55 0.987404 -0.002316 0.987404 0.002064
0.991785 -0.002323 0.991785 0.002074
0.995984 -0.002328 0.995984 0.002084
24
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

1.000000 -0.002332 1.000000 0.002092
5
predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c amounts to 63%.
10
are determined on the basis of a reference airfoil (1b), said reference airfoil (1b) being defined by said airfoil (1b)
according to claim 6, wherein said value pairs yint/c and yext/c are rescaled at each location x/c for a respectively
selected value between 7% and 12% for the maximum thickness to chord ratio on the basis of a rescaling at a
15
sum of |yext| and |yint| divided through c amounts to said respectively selected value between 7% and 12% for the
divided by the local thickness have values corresponding to the values of the reference airfoil (1b) at each location x/c.
8. The airfoil (1b) according to claim 6,

20
curvature at said leading edge (3a) of said airfoil (1b) amounts to r/c = 0.00481, said leading edge circle (2a) having
its associated center of circle located at x/c = 0.00481 and yext/c = 0.00008.

25
characterized in that a trailing edge tab (2b) is provided at said trailing edge (3b) of said airfoil (1b), said trailing

30
said airfoil (1b) in chord direction with a maximum inclination error of 65° relative to said chord line (2) of said airfoil
(1b).
11. An airfoil (1c) for a rotor blade (1) of a rotary wing aircraft, said airfoil (1c) having a maximum thickness to chord
35
leading edge (3a) to said trailing edge (3b) along a chord line (2) of said airfoil (1c), c is a length of said airfoil (1c)
40
follows:

45 0.000000 0.000215 0.000000 0.000215
0.000108 -0.000757 0.000078 0.001200
0.000411 -0.001747 0.000327 0.002240
0.000926 -0.002750 0.000739 0.003360
0.001662 -0.003727 0.001310 0.004558
50
0.002616 -0.004655 0.002049 0.005839
0.003800 -0.005525 0.002973 0.007227
0.005244 -0.006340 0.004129 0.008754
0.006978 -0.007128 0.005577 0.010448
55 0.009067 -0.007908 0.007390 0.012337
0.011619 -0.008697 0.009666 0.014451
0.014783 -0.009530 0.012523 0.016812
25
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.018750 -0.010418 0.016062 0.019413
5 0.023722 -0.011352 0.020339 0.022198
0.029809 -0.012304 0.025333 0.025063
0.036922 -0.013230 0.030955 0.027888
0.044810 -0.014099 0.037107 0.030586
10
0.053218 -0.014906 0.043702 0.033107
0.061943 -0.015652 0.050680 0.035432
0.070873 -0.016345 0.058002 0.037567
0.079906 -0.016990 0.065631 0.039529
0.088988 -0.017593 0.073520 0.041336
15 0.098046 -0.018154 0.081608 0.043000
0.107068 -0.018678 0.089839 0.044528
0.116047 -0.019169 0.098172 0.045923
0.124990 -0.019632 0.106577 0.047188
0.133918 -0.020068 0.115037 0.048325
20
0.142864 -0.020484 0.123550 0.049337
0.151836 -0.020880 0.132127 0.050232
0.160857 -0.021259 0.140777 0.051020
0.169928 -0.021623 0.149509 0.051716
25 0.179052 -0.021972 0.158319 0.052338
0.188212 -0.022307 0.167169 0.052894
0.197390 -0.022628 0.176050 0.053383
0.206574 -0.022937 0.184960 0.053815
0.215752 -0.023233 0.193877 0.054190
30
0.224921 -0.023518 0.202805 0.054506
0.234080 -0.023790 0.211741 0.054767
0.243213 -0.024051 0.220690 0.054973
0.252331 -0.024302 0.229653 0.055126
35 0.261430 -0.024541 0.238634 0.055229
0.270527 -0.024771 0.247642 0.055289
0.279620 -0.024990 0.256664 0.055307
0.288732 -0.025198 0.265716 0.055288
0.297858 -0.025397 0.274800 0.055241
40
0.307010 -0.025588 0.283904 0.055169
0.316188 -0.025771 0.293030 0.055078
0.325380 -0.025946 0.302179 0.054971
0.334565 -0.026112 0.311343 0.054856
45 0.343733 -0.026272 0.320511 0.054731
0.352895 -0.026423 0.329689 0.054599
0.362062 -0.026567 0.338869 0.054462
0.371226 -0.026705 0.348043 0.054319
0.380408 -0.026835 0.357211 0.054168
50
0.389592 -0.026960 0.366378 0.054008
0.398773 -0.027082 0.375537 0.053840
0.407948 -0.027194 0.384693 0.053659
0.417114 -0.027296 0.393848 0.053468
55 0.426264 -0.027388 0.403006 0.053265
0.435411 -0.027472 0.412163 0.053052
0.444557 -0.027545 0.421324 0.052828
26
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.453708 -0.027610 0.430488 0.052595
5 0.462868 -0.027663 0.439656 0.052354
0.472038 -0.027705 0.448824 0.052104
0.481218 -0.027736 0.457990 0.051848
0.490405 -0.027757 0.467151 0.051581
10
0.499600 -0.027765 0.476316 0.051306
0.508797 -0.027761 0.485468 0.051024
0.517989 -0.027743 0.494612 0.050728
0.527173 -0.027713 0.503750 0.050418
0.536346 -0.027668 0.512886 0.050095
15 0.545491 -0.027609 0.522011 0.049757
0.554621 -0.027536 0.531136 0.049400
0.563731 -0.027444 0.540266 0.049029
0.572814 -0.027339 0.549383 0.048643
0.581885 -0.027215 0.558500 0.048237
20
0.590939 -0.027072 0.567617 0.047814
0.599982 -0.026910 0.576733 0.047374
0.609025 -0.026731 0.585841 0.046918
0.618071 -0.026516 0.594933 0.046442
25 0.627122 -0.026269 0.604018 0.045944
0.636179 -0.025988 0.613076 0.045422
0.645255 -0.025677 0.622116 0.044865
0.654342 -0.025340 0.631136 0.044278
0.663446 -0.024980 0.640125 0.043651
30
0.672559 -0.024601 0.649101 0.042983
0.681681 -0.024204 0.658056 0.042268
0.690809 -0.023791 0.667004 0.041505
0.699940 -0.023364 0.675947 0.040692
35 0.709072 -0.022922 0.684895 0.039831
0.718204 -0.022468 0.693854 0.038922
0.727323 -0.022000 0.702833 0.037972
0.736438 -0.021514 0.711841 0.036986
0.745545 -0.021011 0.720869 0.035967
40
0.754646 -0.020488 0.729930 0.034916
0.763749 -0.019946 0.739005 0.033838
0.772838 -0.019385 0.748093 0.032735
0.781925 -0.018800 0.757187 0.031610
45 0.791017 -0.018195 0.766273 0.030463
0.800106 -0.017569 0.775334 0.029305
0.809195 -0.016921 0.784371 0.028132
0.818292 -0.016252 0.793385 0.026950
0.827400 -0.015566 0.802375 0.025754
50
0.836515 -0.014864 0.811351 0.024551
0.845633 -0.014148 0.820321 0.023336
0.854759 -0.013419 0.829305 0.022108
0.863883 -0.012681 0.838309 0.020864
55 0.872989 -0.011934 0.847334 0.019607
0.882064 -0.011172 0.856389 0.018334
0.891090 -0.010393 0.865463 0.017051
27
EP 3 112 258 B1
(continued)

0.900055 -0.009580 0.874538 0.015760
5 0.908968 -0.008727 0.883610 0.014463
0.917793 -0.007820 0.892663 0.013166
0.926569 -0.006869 0.901705 0.011868
0.935039 -0.005887 0.910726 0.010564
10
0.943157 -0.004809 0.919634 0.009266
0.950722 -0.003725 0.928288 0.007973
0.958140 -0.003014 0.936612 0.006671
0.965683 -0.002577 0.944461 0.005343
0.973486 -0.002486 0.952013 0.004032
15 0.981658 -0.002497 0.959220 0.003090
0.989505 -0.002498 0.966334 0.002578
0.996281 -0.002499 0.973827 0.002484
1.000000 -0.002500 0.981787 0.002497
0.989536 0.002498
20
0.996283 0.002499
1.000000 0.002500
25 predetermined extrados coordinate value pairs x/c, yext/c amounts to 63%.
are determined on the basis of a reference airfoil (1c), said reference airfoil (1c) being defined by said airfoil (1c)
30 according to claim 11, wherein said value pairs yint/c and yext/c are rescaled at each location x/c for a respectively
selected value between 6% and 10% for the maximum thickness to chord ratio on the basis of a rescaling at a
sum of |yext| and |yint| divided through c amounts to said respectively selected value between 6% and 10% for the
35 divided by the local thickness have values corresponding to the values of the reference airfoil (1c) at each location x/c.
13. The airfoil (1c) according to claim 11,

curvature at said leading edge (3a) of said airfoil (1c) amounts to r/c = 0.00502, said leading edge circle (2a) having
40 its associated center of circle located at x/c = 0.00502 and yext/c = 0.00028.

characterized in that a trailing edge tab (2b) is provided at said trailing edge (3b) of said airfoil (1c), said trailing
45
said airfoil (1c) in chord direction with a maximum inclination error of 65° relative to said chord line (2) of said airfoil (1c).
50 16. A rotor blade (1) of a rotary wing aircraft, said rotor blade (1) comprising at least one airfoil (1a, 1b, 1c) according
to one of the preceding claims.
Patentansprüche
55
1. Schaufel (1a) für ein Rotorblatt (1) eines Drehflügelluftfahrzeugs, wobei die Schaufel (1a) ein maximales Verhältnis
von Dicke zu Sehnenlänge von 12% aufweist, und zwischen einer Vorderkante (3a) und einer Hinterkante (3b) eine
28
EP 3 112 258 B1
obere Bogenfläche (4b) und eine untere Bogenfläche (4a) aufweist, wobei die untere Bogenfläche (4a) definiert
wird durch vorbestimmte Koordinatenwertepaare x/c, yint/c der unteren Bogenfläche, und die obere Bogenfläche
(4b) definiert ist durch vorbestimmte Koordinatenwertepaare x/c, yext/c der oberen Bogenfläche, wobei x ein Abstand
von der Vorderkante (3a) zu der Hinterkante (3b) entlang einer Sehnenlinie (2) der Schaufel (1a) ist, c eine Länge
5 der Schaufel (1a) in Sehnenrichtung ist, yint ein Abstand zwischen der Sehnenlinie (2) und einer jeweiligen unteren
Bogenfläche ist, und yext ein Abstand zwischen der Sehnenlinie (2) und einer entsprechenden oberen Bogenfläche
ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die vorbestimmten Koordinatenwertepaare x/c, yint/c der unteren Bogenfläche
und die vorbestimmten Koordinatenwertepaare x/c, yext/c der oberen Bogenfläche folgendermaßen sind:
10
0,000000 0,000000 0,000000 0,000000
0,000077 -0,001398 0,000077 0,001446
0,000307 -0,002749 0,000306 0,002940
15 0,000690 -0,004055 0,000689 0,004483
0,001226 -0,005315 0,001226 0,006071
0,001915 -0,006532 0,001914 0,007707
0,002756 -0,007707 0,002756 0,009385
0,003750 -0,008838 0,003750 0,011105
20
0,004897 -0,009926 0,004896 0,012865
0,006195 -0,010971 0,006194 0,014662
0,007644 -0,011971 0,007644 0,016492
0,009245 -0,012928 0,009244 0,018354
25 0,010996 -0,013840 0,010995 0,020243
0,012897 -0,014710 0,012896 0,022155
0,014947 -0,015537 0,014947 0,024087
0,017146 -0,016325 0,017146 0,026035
0,019494 -0,017076 0,019494 0,027995
30
0,021989 -0,017793 0,021989 0,029962
0,024631 -0,018478 0,024630 0,031932
0,027418 -0,019136 0,027418 0,033902
0,030351 -0,019769 0,030351 0,035867
35 0,033429 -0,020380 0,033428 0,037823
0,036649 -0,020971 0,036649 0,039766
0,040012 -0,021544 0,040012 0,041694
0,043517 -0,022102 0,043517 0,043603
0,047162 -0,022644 0,047162 0,045489
40
0,050946 -0,023172 0,050946 0,047350
0,054869 -0,023685 0,054868 0,049183
0,058929 -0,024185 0,058928 0,050985
0,063124 -0,024671 0,063124 0,052754
45 0,067454 -0,025143 0,067454 0,054487
0,071918 -0,025602 0,071917 0,056181
0,076514 -0,026048 0,076513 0,057837
0,081240 -0,026482 0,081239 0,059451
0,086096 -0,026902 0,086095 0,061022
50
0,091079 -0,027311 0,091078 0,062551
0,096189 -0,027708 0,096188 0,064035
0,101424 -0,028093 0,101423 0,065474
0,106782 -0,028467 0,106781 0,066868
55 0,112262 -0,028830 0,112261 0,068216
0,117862 -0,029182 0,117862 0,069519
0,123581 -0,029524 0,123580 0,070777
29
EP 3 112 258 B1
(fortgesetzt)

0,129416 -0,029853 0,129416 0,071989
5 0,135367 -0,030173 0,135366 0,073156
0,141431 -0,030481 0,141430 0,074278
0,147607 -0,030778 0,147606 0,075355
0,153892 -0,031064 0,153891 0,076387
10
0,160285 -0,031338 0,160284 0,077373
0,166784 -0,031601 0,166783 0,078315
0,173388 -0,031852 0,173387 0,079210
0,180093 -0,032092 0,180092 0,080058
0,186899 -0,032319 0,186898 0,080856
15 0,193802 -0,032535 0,193802 0,081606
0,200802 -0,032739 0,200801 0,082302
0,207896 -0,032930 0,207895 0,082944
0,215082 -0,033110 0,215081 0,083529
0,222358 -0,033276 0,222357 0,084054
20
0,229722 -0,033431 0,229721 0,084516
0.237171 -0,033574 0,237170 0,084914
0,244703 -0,033703 0,244702 0,085243
0,252317 -0,033819 0,252316 0,085502
25 0,260010 -0,033924 0,260009 0,085689
0,267779 -0,034017 0,267778 0,085805
0,275622 -0,034096 0,275621 0,085848
0,283538 -0,034166 0,283537 0,085821
0,291523 -0,034222 0,291522 0,085722
30
0,299575 -0,034269 0,299574 0,085557
0,307693 -0,034304 0,307692 0,085328
0,315873 -0,034330 0,315872 0,085037
0,324113 -0,034346 0,324112 0,084689
35 0,332411 -0,034353 0,332410 0,084288
0,340764 -0,034350 0,340763 0,083837
0,349170 -0,034340 0,349169 0,083342
0,357627 -0,034321 0,357626 0,082805
0,366131 -0,034294 0,366130 0,082231
40
0,374680 -0,034259 0,374679 0,081625
0,383273 -0,034214 0,383272 0,080987
0,391905 -0,034163 0,391905 0,080323
0,400576 -0,034103 0,400575 0,079635
45 0,409282 -0,034035 0,409281 0,078926
0,418020 -0,033958 0,418019 0,078196
0,426788 -0,033873 0,426787 0,077447
0,435584 -0,033779 0,435583 0,076679
0,444405 -0,033678 0,444404 0,075896
50
0,453248 -0,033567 0,453247 0,075093
0,462110 -0,033448 0,462109 0,074273
0,470990 -0,033322 0,470989 0,073436
0,479884 -0,033187 0,479883 0,072580
55 0,488790 -0,033045 0,488789 0,071707
0,497705 -0,032894 0,497705 0,070816
0,506627 -0,032735 0,506626 0,069907
30
EP 3 112 258 B1
(fortgesetzt)

0,515553 -0,032568 0,515552 0,068981
5 0,524480 -0,032393 0,524479 0,068037
0,533405 -0,032210 0,533405 0,067076
0,542327 -0,032017 0,542326 0,066097
0,551242 -0,031818 0,551242 0,065104
10
0,560148 -0,031609 0,560147 0,064093
0,569042 -0,031394 0,569042 0,063069
0,577922 -0,031169 0,577921 0,062029
0,586785 -0,030936 0,586784 0,060976
0,595627 -0,030694 0,595627 0,059910
15 0,604448 -0,030445 0,604447 0,058833
0,613244 -0,030187 0,613243 0,057745
0,622012 -0,029919 0,622011 0,056647
0,630750 -0,029641 0,630750 0,055540
0,639456 -0,029355 0,639455 0,054426
20
0,648126 -0,029059 0,648125 0,053303
0,656759 -0,028751 0,656758 0,052171
0,665351 -0,028433 0,665350 0,051030
0,673900 -0,028103 0,673900 0,049879
25 0,682404 -0,027759 0,682404 0,048717
0,690861 -0,027402 0,690860 0,047544
0,699266 -0,027028 0,699266 0,046357
0,707619 -0,026640 0,707619 0,045158
0,715917 -0,026232 0,715917 0,043942
30
0,724157 -0,025804 0,724157 0,042711
0,732337 -0,025356 0,732336 0,041464
0,740454 -0,024883 0,740454 0,040199
0,748506 -0,024388 0,748506 0,038920
35 0,756491 -0,023867 0,756491 0,037626
0,764407 -0,023322 0,764406 0,036317
0,772250 -0,022751 0,772249 0,034996
0,780019 -0,022156 0,780018 0,033664
0,787711 -0,021536 0,787710 0,032324
40
0,795324 -0,020893 0,795324 0,030978
0,802856 -0,020227 0,802856 0,029628
0,810305 -0,019541 0,810305 0,028278
0,817668 -0,018834 0,817668 0,026929
45 0,824944 -0,018109 0,824944 0,025584
0,832130 -0,017366 0,832129 0,024246
0,839223 -0,016608 0,839223 0,022916
0,846223 -0,015835 0,846223 0,021597
0,853126 -0,015050 0,853126 0,020291
50
0,859932 -0,014255 0,859931 0,019000
0,866637 -0,013451 0,866636 0,017726
0,873240 -0,012643 0,873239 0,016472
0,879738 -0,011831 0,879738 0,015238
55 0,886131 -0,011019 0,886131 0,014030
0,892416 -0,010213 0,892416 0,012851
0,898591 -0,009416 0,898591 0,011704
31
EP 3 112 258 B1
(fortgesetzt)

0,904655 -0,008633 0,904655 0,010596
5 0,910605 -0,007871 0,910605 0,009532
0,916440 -0,007134 0,916440 0,008516
0,922158 -0,006430 0,922158 0,007556
0,927758 -0,005764 0,927758 0,006655
10
0,933238 -0,005141 0,933237 0,005821
0,938595 -0,004564 0,938595 0,005056
0,943830 -0,004039 0,943830 0,004363
0,948939 -0,003564 0,948939 0,003743
0,953922 -0,003142 0,953922 0,003197
15 0,956325 -0,002953 0,958777 0,002723
0,959739 -0,002725 0,963503 0,002318
0,963158 -0,002563 0,968098 0,001979
0,966579 -0,002457 0,970001 0,001854
0,970001 -0,002402 0,976001 0,001909
20
0,976001 -0,002347 0,982001 0,001964
0,982001 -0,002293 0,988001 0,002019
0,988001 -0,002238 0,994000 0,002073
0,994000 -0,002183 1,000000 0,002128
25 1,000000 -0,002128
wobei ein maximaler Fehler jeder der vorbestimmten Koordinatenwertepaare x/c, yint/c der unteren Bogenfläche
und der vorbestimmten Koordinatenwertepaare x/c, yext/c der oberen Bogenfläche 6 3% beträgt.
30
2. Schaufel für ein Rotorblatt (1) eines Drehflügelluftfahrzeugs, wobei die Schaufel ein maximales Verhältnis von Dicke
zu Sehnenlänge innerhalb eines Bereichs von 9% bis 15% aufweist, und Koordinatenwertepaare der unteren Bo-
genfläche und Koordinatenwertepaare der oberen Bogenfläche aufweist, die auf der Basis einer Referenzschaufel
(1a) bestimmt werden, wobei die Referenzschaufel (1a) durch die Schaufel (1a) gemäß Anspruch 1 definiert ist,
wobei die Wertepaare yint/c und yext/c an jedem Ort x/c für einen jeweils ausgesuchten Wert zwischen 9% und 15%
35
für das maximale Verhältnis von Dicke zu Sehnenlänge neu skaliert werden auf der Basis einer Neuskalierung an
einem Ort x/c = 0,284, wobei die Wertepaare yint/c und yext/c an diesem Ort x/c = 0,284 neu skaliert werden, sodass
die Summe aus |yext| und |yint| geteilt durch c den jeweils ausgewählten Wert zwischen 9% und 15% für das Verhältnis
aus maximaler Dicke zu Sehnenlänge ist, und wobei ein Wert |yint| geteilt durch die lokale Dicke, und ein anderer
Wert |yext| geteilt durch die lokale Dicke, Werte haben, die den Werten der Referenzschaufel (1a) an jedem Ort x/c
40
entsprechen.
3. Schaufel (1a) nach Anspruch 1,

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein zugehöriger Vorderkantenradius eines Vorderkantenkreises (2a), der eine
zugrundeliegende Krümmung an der Vorderkante (3a) der Schaufel (1a) definiert, beträgt: r/c = 0,01314, wobei der
45
Vorderkantenkreis (2a) seinen zugehörigen Kreismittelpunkt an dem Ort x/c = 0,01314 und yint/c = yext/c = 0,00000.

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Hinterkantenhilfsruder (2b) an der Hinterkante (3b) der Schaufel (1a) vorge-
sehen ist, wobei das Hinterkantenhilfsruder (2b) definiert wird durch eine im Wesentlichen gerade und parallele
50
untere Bogenfläche (4a) und eine obere Bogenfläche (4b).

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Hinterkantenhilfsruder (2b) eine Länge im Bereich von 2% bis 10% der Länge
der Schaufel (1a) in Sehnenrichtung aufweist mit einem maximalen Neigungsfehler von 6 5% relativ zu der Seh-
55
nenlinie (2) der Schaufel (1a).
6. Schaufel (1b) für ein Rotorblatt (1) eines Drehflügelluftfahrzeugs, wobei die Schaufel (1b) ein maximales Verhältnis
32
EP 3 112 258 B1
5 von der Vorderkante (3a) zu der Hinterkante (3b) entlang einer Sehnenlinie (2) der Schaufel (1b) ist, c eine Länge
der Schaufel (1b) in Sehnenrichtung ist, yint ein Abstand zwischen der Sehnenlinie (2) und einer jeweiligen unteren
10

0,000000 0,000079 0,000000 0,000079
0,000100 -0,000821 0,000100 0,001156
15 0,000400 -0,001602 0,000400 0,002431
0,000901 -0,002314 0,000901 0,003855
0,001601 -0,002993 0,001601 0,005382
0,002500 -0,003661 0,002500 0,006983
0,003599 -0,004331 0,003599 0,008637
20
0,004896 -0,005009 0,004896 0,010336
0,006392 -0,005694 0,006392 0,012070
0,008086 -0,006381 0,008086 0,013836
0,009977 -0,007067 0,009977 0,015625
25 0,012063 -0,007745 0,012063 0,017432
0,014346 -0,008412 0,014346 0,019249
0,016823 -0,009067 0,016823 0,021067
0,019494 -0,009707 0,019494 0,022879
0,022357 -0,010332 0,022357 0,024678
30
0,025412 -0,010940 0,025412 0,026457
0,028658 -0,011532 0,028658 0,028211
0,032092 -0,012105 0,032092 0,029937
0,035714 -0,012660 0,035714 0,031632
35 0,039523 -0,013196 0,039523 0,033296
0,043517 -0,013713 0,043517 0,034926
0,047694 -0,014211 0,047694 0,036523
0,052053 -0,014692 0,052053 0,038087
0,056592 -0,015154 0,056592 0,039615
40 0,061309 -0,015598 0,061309 0,041106
0,066203 -0,016025 0,066203 0,042558
0,071272 -0,016435 0,071272 0,043968
0,076513 -0,016831 0,076513 0,045335
45
0,081926 -0,017212 0,081926 0,046656
0,087506 -0,017580 0,087506 0,047929
0,093254 -0,017935 0,093254 0,049154
0,099165 -0,018280 0,099165 0,050329
0,105239 -0,018615 0,105239 0,051455
50 0,111472 -0,018941 0,111472 0,052533
0,117862 -0,019258 0,117862 0,053563
0,124407 -0,019567 0,124407 0,054546
0,131105 -0,019868 0,131105 0,055482
0,137952 -0,020161 0,137952 0,056373
55
0,144946 -0,020446 0,144946 0,057218
0,152085 -0,020723 0,152085 0,058018
0,159365 -0,020991 0,159365 0,058772
33
EP 3 112 258 B1
(fortgesetzt)

0,166784 -0,021250 0,166784 0,059482
5 0,174339 -0,021500 0,174339 0,060148
0,182027 -0,021740 0,182027 0,060769
0,189845 -0,021971 0,189845 0,061348
0,197791 -0,022193 0,197791 0,061885
10
0,205860 -0,022405 0,205860 0,062380
0,214050 -0,022609 0,214050 0,062833
0,222358 -0,022805 0,222358 0,063246
0,230781 -0,022992 0,230781 0,063619
0,239314 -0,023172 0,239314 0,063953
15 0,247956 -0,023345 0,247956 0,064250
0,256703 -0,023511 0,256703 0,064510
0,265551 -0,023668 0,265551 0,064736
0,274497 -0,023818 0,274497 0,064928
0,283537 -0,023961 0,283537 0,065087
20
0,292669 -0,024095 0,292669 0,065213
0,301888 -0,024222 0,301888 0,065306
0,311191 -0,024341 0,311191 0,065366
0,320574 -0,024453 0,320574 0,065392
25 0,330034 -0,024557 0,330034 0,065382
0,339567 -0,024654 0,339567 0,065337
0,349170 -0,024742 0,349170 0,065255
0,358838 -0,024822 0,358838 0,065136
0,368569 -0,024893 0,368569 0,064980
30
0,378357 -0,024954 0,378357 0,064786
0,388201 -0,025006 0,388201 0,064554
0,398095 -0,025047 0,398095 0,064285
0,408036 -0,025078 0,408036 0,063977
35 0,418020 -0,025097 0,418020 0,063630
0,428043 -0,025106 0,428043 0,063246
0,438102 -0,025104 0,438102 0,062822
0,448192 -0,025090 0,448192 0,062359
0,458310 -0,025065 0,458310 0,061857
40
0,468451 -0,025027 0,468451 0,061314
0,478613 -0,024977 0,478613 0,060730
0,488790 -0,024914 0,488790 0,060105
0,498979 -0,024838 0,498979 0,059437
45 0,509177 -0,024750 0,509177 0,058725
0,519378 -0,024648 0,519378 0,057968
0,529580 -0,024534 0,529580 0,057165
0,539778 -0,024406 0,539778 0,056314
0,549969 -0,024265 0,549969 0,055414
50
0,560148 -0,024110 0,560148 0,054465
0,570312 -0,023943 0,570312 0,053466
0,580456 -0,023762 0,580456 0,052418
0,590577 -0,023568 0,590577 0,051323
55 0,600670 -0,023360 0,600670 0,050182
0,610733 -0,023138 0,610733 0,048997
0,620761 -0,022902 0,620761 0,047772
34
EP 3 112 258 B1
(fortgesetzt)

0,630750 -0,022650 0,630750 0,046508
5 0,640696 -0,022383 0,640696 0,045209
0,650596 -0,022100 0,650596 0,043880
0,660446 -0,021799 0,660446 0,042523
0,670241 -0,021482 0,670241 0,041142
10
0,679979 -0,021146 0,679979 0,039742
0,689655 -0,020793 0,689655 0,038325
0,699266 -0,020421 0,699266 0,036897
0,708808 -0,020030 0,708808 0,035460
0,718277 -0,019619 0,718277 0,034019
15 0,727670 -0,019188 0,727670 0,032577
0,736983 -0,018734 0,736983 0,031138
0,746212 -0,018256 0,746212 0,029705
0,755355 -0,017751 0,755355 0,028280
0,764406 -0,017218 0,764406 0,026864
20
0,773364 -0,016653 0,773364 0,025461
0,782224 -0,016056 0,782224 0,024070
0,790983 -0,015426 0,790983 0,022693
0,799638 -0,014765 0,799638 0,021332
25 0,808185 -0,014075 0,808185 0,019986
0,816622 -0,013359 0,816622 0,018658
0,824944 -0,012623 0,824944 0,017349
0,833149 -0,011872 0,833149 0,016061
0,841233 -0,011110 0,841233 0,014799
30
0,849193 -0,010343 0,849193 0,013565
0,857027 -0,009576 0,857027 0,012365
0,864731 -0,008815 0,864731 0,011204
0,872303 -0,008066 0,872303 0,010088
35 0,879738 -0,007335 0,879738 0,009023
0,887036 -0,006632 0,887036 0,008016
0,894192 -0,005964 0,894192 0,007072
0,901204 -0,005340 0,901204 0,006198
0,908069 -0,004767 0,908069 0,005400
40
0,914785 -0,004253 0,914785 0,004684
0,921349 -0,003800 0,921349 0,004056
0,927758 -0,003413 0,927758 0,003520
0,934010 -0,003091 0,934010 0,003077
45 0,940103 -0,002832 0,940103 0,002727
0,946035 -0,002633 0,946035 0,002463
0,951802 -0,002490 0,951802 0,002276
0,957403 -0,002395 0,957403 0,002153
0,962836 -0,002339 0,962836 0,002083
50
0,968098 -0,002311 0,968098 0,002049
0,973188 -0,002302 0,973188 0,002039
0,978104 -0,002303 0,978104 0,002042
0,982843 -0,002309 0,982843 0,002052
55 0,987404 -0,002316 0,987404 0,002064
0,991785 -0,002323 0,991785 0,002074
0,995984 -0,002328 0,995984 0,002084
35
EP 3 112 258 B1
(fortgesetzt)

1,000000 -0,002332 1,000000 0,002092
5
10
(1b) bestimmt werden, wobei die Referenzschaufel (1b) durch die Schaufel (1b) gemäß Anspruch 6 definiert ist,
15
Wert |yext| geteilt durch die lokale Dicke, Werte haben, die den Werten der Referenzschaufel (1b) an jedem Ort x/c
entsprechen.
20
8. Schaufel (1b) nach Anspruch 6,

zugrundeliegende Krümmung an der Vorderkante (3a) der Schaufel (1b) definiert, beträgt: r/c = 0,00481, wobei der
Vorderkantenkreis (2a) seinen zugehörigen Kreismittelpunkt an dem Ort x/c = 0,00481 und yext/c = 0,00008.
25

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Hinterkantenhilfsruder (2b) an der Hinterkante (3b) der Schaufel (1b) vorge-
30

der Schaufel (1b) in Sehnenrichtung aufweist mit einem maximalen Neigungsfehler von 6 5% relativ zu der Seh-
nenlinie (2) der Schaufel (1b).
35
11. Schaufel (1c) für ein Rotorblatt (1) eines Drehflügelluftfahrzeugs, wobei die Schaufel (1c) ein maximales Verhältnis
40
von der Vorderkante (3a) zu der Hinterkante (3b) entlang einer Sehnenlinie (2) der Schaufel (1c) ist, c eine Länge
der Schaufel (1c) in Sehnenrichtung ist, yint ein Abstand zwischen der Sehnenlinie (2) und einer jeweiligen unteren
45

0,000000 0,000215 0,000000 0,000215
50 0,000108 -0,000757 0,000078 0,001200
0,000411 -0,001747 0,000327 0,002240
0,000926 -0,002750 0,000739 0,003360
0,001662 -0,003727 0,001310 0,004558
55
0,002616 -0,004655 0,002049 0,005839
0,003800 -0,005525 0,002973 0,007227
0,005244 -0,006340 0,004129 0,008754
0,006978 -0,007128 0,005577 0,010448
36
EP 3 112 258 B1
(fortgesetzt)

0,009067 -0,007908 0,007390 0,012337
5 0,011619 -0,008697 0,009666 0,014451
0,014783 -0,009530 0,012523 0,016812
0,018750 -0,010418 0,016062 0,019413
0,023722 -0,011352 0,020339 0,022198
10
0,029809 -0,012304 0,025333 0,025063
0,036922 -0,013230 0,030955 0,027888
0,044810 -0,014099 0,037107 0,030586
0,053218 -0,014906 0,043702 0,033107
0,061943 -0,015652 0,050680 0,035432
15 0,070873 -0,016345 0,058002 0,037567
0,079906 -0,016990 0,065631 0,039529
0,088988 -0,017593 0,073520 0,041336
0,098046 -0,018154 0,081608 0,043000
0,107068 -0,018678 0,089839 0,044528
20
0,116047 -0,019169 0,098172 0,045923
0,124990 -0,019632 0,106577 0,047188
0,133918 -0,020068 0,115037 0,048325
0,142864 -0,020484 0,123550 0,049337
25 0,151836 -0,020880 0,132127 0,050232
0,160857 -0,021259 0,140777 0,051020
0,169928 -0,021623 0,149509 0,051716
0,179052 -0,021972 0,158319 0,052338
0,188212 -0,022307 0,167169 0,052894
30
0,197390 -0,022628 0,176050 0,053383
0,206574 -0,022937 0,184960 0,053815
0,215752 -0,023233 0,193877 0,054190
0,224921 -0,023518 0,202805 0,054506
35 0,234080 -0,023790 0,211741 0,054767
0,243213 -0,024051 0,220690 0,054973
0,252331 -0,024302 0,229653 0,055126
0,261430 -0,024541 0,238634 0,055229
0,270527 -0,024771 0,247642 0,055289
40
0,279620 -0,024990 0,256664 0,055307
0,288732 -0,025198 0,265716 0,055288
0,297858 -0,025397 0,274800 0,055241
0,307010 -0,025588 0,283904 0,055169
45 0,316188 -0,025771 0,293030 0,055078
0,325380 -0,025946 0,302179 0,054971
0,334565 -0,026112 0,311343 0,054856
0,343733 -0,026272 0,320511 0,054731
0,352895 -0,026423 0,329689 0,054599
50
0,362062 -0,026567 0,338869 0,054462
0,371226 -0,026705 0,348043 0,054319
0,380408 -0,026835 0,357211 0,054168
0,389592 -0,026960 0,366378 0,054008
55 0,398773 -0,027082 0,375537 0,053840
0,407948 -0,027194 0,384693 0,053659
0,417114 -0,027296 0,393848 0,053468
37
EP 3 112 258 B1
(fortgesetzt)

0,426264 -0,027388 0,403006 0,053265
5 0,435411 -0,027472 0,412163 0,053052
0,444557 -0,027545 0,421324 0,052828
0,453708 -0,027610 0,430488 0,052595
0,462868 -0,027663 0,439656 0,052354
10
0,472038 -0,027705 0,448824 0,052104
0,481218 -0,027736 0,457990 0,051848
0,490405 -0,027757 .0,467151 0,051581
0,499600 -0,027765 0,476316 0,051306
0,508797 -0,027761 0,485468 0,051024
15 0,517989 -0,027743 0,494612 0,050728
0,527173 -0,027713 0,503750 0,050418
0,536346 -0,027668 0,512886 0,050095
0,545491 -0,027609 0,522011 0,049757
0,554621 -0,027536 0,531136 0,049400
20
0,563731 -0,027444 0,540266 0,049029
0,572814 -0,027339 0,549383 0,048643
0,581885 -0,027215 0,558500 0,048237
0,590939 -0,027072 0,567617 0,047814
25 0,599982 -0,026910 0,576733 0,047374
0,609025 -0,026731 0,585841 0,046918
0,618071 -0,026516 0,594933 0,046442
0,627122 -0,026269 0,604018 0,045944
0,636179 -0,025988 0,613076 0,045422
30
0,645255 -0,025677 0,622116 0,044865
0,654342 -0,025340 0,631136 0,044278
0,663446 -0,024980 0,640125 0,043651
0,672559 -0,024601 0,649101 0,042983
35 0,681681 -0,024204 0,658056 0,042268
0,690809 -0,023791 0,667004 0,041505
0,699940 -0,023364 0,675947 0,040692
0,709072 -0,022922 0,684895 0,039831
0,718204 -0,022468 0,693854 0,038922
40
0,727323 -0,022000 0,702833 0,037972
0,736438 -0,021514 0,711841 0,036986
0,745545 -0,021011 0,720869 0,035967
0,754646 -0,020488 0,729930 0,034916
45 0,763749 -0,019946 0,739005 0,033838
0,772838 -0,019385 0,748093 0,032735
0,781925 -0,018800 0,757187 0,031610
0,791017 -0,018195 0,766273 0,030463
0,800106 -0,017569 0,775334 0,029305
50
0,809195 -0,016921 0,784371 0,028132
0,818292 -0,016252 0,793385 0,026950
0,827400 -0,015566 0,802375 0,025754
0,836515 -0,014864 0,811351 0,024551
55 0,845633 -0,014148 0,820321 0,023336
0,854759 -0,013419 0,829305 0,022108
0,863883 -0,012681 0,838309 0,020864
38
EP 3 112 258 B1
(fortgesetzt)

0,872989 -0,011934 0,847334 0,019607
5 0,882064 -0,011172 0,856389 0,018334
0,891090 -0,010393 0,865463 0,017051
0,900055 -0,009580 0,874538 0,015760
0,908968 -0,008727 0,883610 0,014463
10
0,917793 -0,007820 0,892663 0,013166
0,926569 -0,006869 0,901705 0,011868
0,935039 -0,005887 0,910726 0,010564
0,943157 -0,004809 0,919634 0,009266
0,950722 -0,003725 0,928288 0,007973
15 0,958140 -0,003014 0,936612 0,006671
0,965683 -0,002577 0,944461 0,005343
0,973486 -0,002486 0,952013 0,004032
0,981658 -0,002497 0,959220 0,003090
0,989505 -0,002498 0,966334 0,002578
20
0,996281 -0,002499 0,973827 0,002484
1,000000 -0,002500 0,981787 0,002497
0,989536 0,002498
0,996283 0,002499
25 1,040000 0,002500
30
(1c) bestimmt werden, wobei die Referenzschaufel (1c) durch die Schaufel (1a) gemäß Anspruch 11 definiert ist,
35
Wert |yext| geteilt durch die lokale Dicke, Werte haben, die den Werten der Referenzschaufel (1c) an jedem Ort x/c
40
entsprechen.
13. Schaufel (1c) nach Anspruch 11,

zugrundeliegende Krümmung an der Vorderkante (3a) der Schaufel (1c) definiert, beträgt: r/c = 0,00502, wobei der
45
Vorderkantenkreis (2a) seinen zugehörigen Kreismittelpunkt an dem Ort x/c = 0,00502 und yext/c = 0,00028.

dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Hinterkantenhilfsruder (2b) an der Hinterkante (3b) der Schaufel (1c) vorge-
50

der Schaufel (1c) in Sehnenrichtung aufweist mit einem maximalen Neigungsfehler von 6 5% relativ zu der Seh-
55
nenlinie (2) der Schaufel (1c).
16. Rotorblatt (1) eines Drehflügelluftfahrzeugs, wobei das Rotorblatt (1) mindestens eine Schaufel (1a, 1b, 1c) nach
39
EP 3 112 258 B1
einem der vorstehenden Ansprüche aufweist.
Revendications
5
1. Profil aérodynamique (1a) pour une pale de rotor (1) d’un aéronef à voilure tournante, ledit profil aérodynamique
(1a) ayant une épaisseur maximum au rapport de corde de 12% et comprenant, entre un bord d’attaque (3a) et un
bord de fuite (3b), un extrados (4b) et un intrados (4a), ledit intrados (4a) étant défini par les paires de valeur des
coordonnées d’intrados prédéterminées x/c, yint/c et ledit extrados (4b) étant défini par les paires de valeur des
10 coordonnées d’extrados prédéterminées x/c, yext/c, dans lequel x est une distance partant dudit bord d’attaque (3a)
jusqu’au dit bord de fuite (3b) suivant une ligne de corde (2) dudit profil aérodynamique (1a), c est une longueur
dudit profil aérodynamique (1a) dans la direction de la corde, yint est une distance entre ladite ligne de corde (2) et
une surface d’intrados respective et yext est une distance entre ladite ligne de corde (2) et une surface d’extrados
respective, caractérisée en ce que lesdites paires de valeur des coordonnées d’intrados prédéterminées x/c, yint/c
15 et lesdites paires de valeur des coordonnées d’extrados prédéterminées x/c, yext/c sont les suivantes :
x/c Yint/c x/c yext/c

0.000000 0.000000 0.000000 0.000000
20 0.000077 -0.001398 0.000077 0.001446
0.000307 -0.002749 0.000306 0.002940
0.000690 -0.004055 0.000689 0.004483
0.001226 -0.005315 0.001226 0.006071
0.001915 -0.006532 0.001914 0.007707
25
0.002756 -0.007707 0.002756 0.009385
0.003750 -0.008838 0.003750 0.011105
0.004897 -0.009926 0.004896 0.012865
0.006195 -0.010971 0.006194 0.014662
30 0.007644 -0.011971 0.007644 0.016492
0.009245 -0.012928 0.009244 0.018354
0.010996 -0.013840 0.010995 0.020243
0.012897 -0.014710 0.012896 0.022155
0.014947 -0.015537 0.014947 0.024087
35 0.017146 -0.016325 0.017146 0.026035
0.019494 -0.017076 0.019494 0.027995
0.021989 -0.017793 0.021989 0.029962
0.024631 -0.018478 0.024630 0.031932
40
0.027418 -0.019136 0.027418 0.033902
0.030351 -0.019769 0.030351 0.035867
0.033429 -0.020380 0.033428 0.037823
0.036649 -0.020971 0.036649 0.039766
0.040012 -0.021544 0.040012 0.041694
45 0.043517 -0.022102 0.043517 0.043603
0.047162 -0.022644 0.047162 0.045489
0.050946 -0.023172 0.050946 0.047350
0.054869 -0.023685 0.054868 0.049183
0.058929 -0.024185 0.058928 0.050985
50
0.063124 -0.024671 0.063124 0.052754
0.067454 -0.025143 0.067454 0.054487
0.071918 -0.025602 0.071917 0.056181
0.076514 -0.026048 0.076513 0.057837
55 0.081240 -0.026482 0.081239 0.059451
0.086096 -0.026902 0.086095 0.061022
0.091079 -0.027311 0.091078 0.062551
40
EP 3 112 258 B1
(suite)

0.096189 -0.027708 0.096188 0.064035
5 0.101424 -0.028093 0.101423 0.065474
0.106782 -0.028467 0.106781 0.066868
0.112262 -0.028830 0.112261 0.068216
0.117862 -0.029182 0.117862 0.069519
10
0.123581 -0.029524 0.123580 0.070777
0.129416 -0.029853 0.129416 0.071989
0.135367 -0.030173 0.135366 0.073156
0.141431 -0.030481 0.141430 0.074278
0.147607 -0.030778 0.147606 0.075355
15 0.153892 -0.031064 0.153891 0.076387
0.160285 -0.031338 0.160284 0.077373
0.166784 -0.031601 0.166783 0.078315
0.173388 -0.031852 0.173387 0.079210
0.180093 -0.032092 0.180092 0.080058
20
0.186899 -0.032319 0.186898 0.080856
0.193802 -0.032535 0.193802 0.081606
0.200802 -0.032739 0.200801 0.082302
0.207896 -0.032930 0.207895 0.082944
25 0.215082 -0.033110 0.215081 0.083529
0.222358 -0.033276 0.222357 0.084054
0.229722 -0.033431 0.229721 0.084516
0.237171 -0.033574 0.237170 0.084914
0.244703 -0.033703 0.244702 0.085243
30
0.252317 -0.033819 0.252316 0.085502
0.260010 -0.033924 0.260009 0.085689
0.267779 -0.034017 0.267778 0.085805
0.275622 -0.034096 0.275621 0.085848
35 0.283538 -0.034166 0.283537 0.085821
0.291523 -0.034222 0.291522 0.085722
0.299575 -0.034269 0.299574 0.085557
0.307693 -0.034304 0.307692 0.085328
0.315873 -0.034330 0.315872 0.085037
40
0.324113 -0.034346 0.324112 0.084689
0.332411 -0.034353 0.332410 0.084288
0.340764 -0.034350 0.340763 0.083837
0.349170 -0.034340 0.349169 0.083342
45 0.357627 -0.034321 0.357626 0.082805
0.366131 -0.034294 0.366130 0.082231
0.374680 -0.034259 0.374679 0.081625
0.383273 -0.034214 0.383272 0.080987
0.391905 -0.034163 0.391905 0.080323
50
0.400576 -0.034103 0.400575 0.079635
0.409282 -0.034035 0.409281 0.078926
0.418020 -0.033958 0.418019 0.078196
0.426788 -0.033873 0.426787 0.077447
55 0.435584 -0.033779 0.435583 0.076679
0.444405 -0.033678 0.444404 0.075896
0.453248 -0.033567 0.453247 0.075093
41
EP 3 112 258 B1
(suite)

0.462110 -0.033448 0.462109 0.074273
5 0.470990 -0.033322 0.470989 0.073436
0.479884 -0.033187 0.479883 0.072580
0.488790 -0.033045 0.488789 0.071707
0.497705 -0.032894 0.497705 0.070816
10
0.506627 -0.032735 0.506626 0.069907
0.515553 -0.032568 0.515552 0.068981
0.524480 -0.032393 0.524479 0.068037
0.533405 -0.032210 0.533405 0.067076
0.542327 -0.032017 0.542326 0.066097
15 0.551242 -0.031818 0.551242 0.065104
0.560148 -0.031609 0.560147 0.064093
0.569042 -0.031394 0.569042 0.063069
0.577922 -0.031169 0.577921 0.062029
0.586785 -0.030936 0.586784 0.060976
20
0.595627 -0.030694 0.595627 0.059910
0.604448 -0.030445 0.604447 0.058833
0.613244 -0.030187 0.613243 0.057745
0.622012 -0.029919 0.622011 0.056647
25 0.630750 -0.029641 0.630750 0.055540
0.639456 -0.029355 0.639455 0.054426
0.648126 -0.029059 0.648125 0.053303
0.656759 -0.028751 0.656758 0.052171
0.665351 -0.028433 0.665350 0.051030
30
0.673900 -0.028103 0.673900 0.049879
0.682404 -0.027759 0.682404 0.048717
0.690861 -0.027402 0.690860 0.047544
0.699266 -0.027028 0.699266 0.046357
35 0.707619 -0.026640 0.707619 0.045158
0.715917 -0.026232 0.715917 0.043942
0.724157 -0.025804 0.724157 0.042711
0.732337 -0.025356 0.732336 0.041464
0.740454 -0.024883 0.740454 0.040199
40
0.748506 -0.024388 0.748506 0.038920
0.756491 -0.023867 0.756491 0.037626
0.764407 -0.023322 0.764406 0.036317
0.772250 -0.022751 0.772249 0.034996
45 0.780019 -0.022156 0.780018 0.033664
0.787711 -0.021536 0.787710 0.032324
0.795324 -0.020893 0.795324 0.030978
0.802856 -0.020227 0.802856 0.029628
0.810305 -0.019541 0.810305 0.028278
50
0.817668 -0.018834 0.817668 0.026929
0.824944 -0.018109 0.824944 0.025584
0.832130 -0.017366 0.832129 0.024246
0.839223 -0.016608 0.839223 0.022916
55 0.846223 -0.015835 0.846223 0.021597
0.853126 -0.015050 0.853126 0.020291
0.859932 -0.014255 0.859931 0.019000
42
EP 3 112 258 B1
(suite)

0.866637 -0.013451 0.866636 0.017726
5 0.873240 -0.012643 0.873239 0.016472
0.879738 -0.011831 0.879738 0.015238
0.886131 -0.011019 0.886131 0.014030
0.892416 -0.010213 0.892416 0.012851
10
0.898591 -0.009416 0.898591 0.011704
0.904655 -0.008633 0.904655 0.010596
0.910605 -0.007871 0.910605 0.009532
0.916440 -0.007134 0.916440 0.008516
0.922158 -0.006430 0.922158 0.007556
15 0.927758 -0.005764 0.927758 0.006655
0.933238 -0.005141 0.933237 0.005821
0.938595 -0.004564 0.938595 0.005056
0.943830 -0.004039 0.943830 0.004363
0.948939 -0.003564 0.948939 0.003743
20
0.953922 -0.003142 0.953922 0.003197
0.956325 -0.002953 0.958777 0.002723
0.959739 -0.002725 0.963503 0.002318
0.963158 -0.002563 0.968098 0.001979
25 0.966579 -0.002457 0.970001 0.001854
0.970001 -0.002402 0.976001 0.001909
0.976001 -0.002347 0.982001 0.001964
0.982001 -0.002293 0.988001 0.002019
0.988001 -0.002238 0.994000 0.002073
30
0.994000 -0.002183 1.000000 0.002128
1.000000 -0.002128
où une erreur maximum de chacune desdites paires de valeur de coordonnées d’intrados prédéterminées x/c, yint/c
35 et desdites paires de valeur de coordonnées d’extrados prédéterminées x/c, Yext/c s’élève à 63%.
2. Profil aérodynamique pour une pale de rotor (1) d’un aéronef à voilure tournante, ledit profil aérodynamique ayant
une épaisseur maximum au rapport de corde entre 9 et 15% et comprenant des paires de valeur de coordonnées
d’intrados et des paires de valeur de coordonnées d’extrados qui sont déterminées sur la base d’un profil aérody-
40 namique de référence (1a), ledit profil aérodynamique de référence (1a) étant défini par ledit profil aérodynamique
(1a) selon la revendication 1, où lesdites paires de valeur yint/c et yext/c sont remises à l’échelle à chaque point x/c
pour une valeur sélectionnée respectivement entre 9 et 15% pour l’épaisseur maximum au rapport de corde sur la
base d’une mise à l’échelle à un point x/c = 0,284, dans lequel lesdites paires de valeur yint/c et yext/c sont remises
à l’échelle au dit point x/c = 0,284 telles que la somme de |yext| et |yint| divisée par c s’élève à ladite valeur sélectionnée
45 respectivement entre 9 et 15% pour l’épaisseur maximum au rapport de corde et où une valeur |yint| divisée par
l’épaisseur locale et une autre valeur |yext| divisée par l’épaisseur locale ont des valeurs correspondant aux valeurs
du profil aérodynamique de référence (1a) à chaque point x/c.
3. Profil aérodynamique (1a) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le rayon du bord d’attaque associé d’un
50 cercle de bord d’attaque (2a) qui définit une courbure sous-jacente au dit bord d’attaque (3a) dudit profil aérodyna-
mique (1a) s’élève en r/c = 0,01314, ledit cercle de bord d’attaque (2a) ayant son centre de cercle associé situé en
x/c = 0,01314 et yint/c = yext/c = 0,00000.
4. Profil aérodynamique (1a) selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu’un compensateur de bord de fuite (2b)
55 est prévu pour ledit bord de fuite (3b) dudit profil aérodynamique (1a), ledit compensateur de bord de fuite (2b) étant
défini par au moins un intrados (4a) et un extrados (4b) essentiellement parallèles et droits.
5. Profil aérodynamique (1a) selon la revendication 4, caractérisé en ce que le compensateur de bord de fuite (2b)
43
EP 3 112 258 B1
comprend une longueur entre 2 et 10% de ladite longueur dudit profil aérodynamique (1a) dans la direction de corde
avec une erreur d’inclinaison maximum de 6 5° par rapport à ladite ligne de corde (2) dudit profil aérodynamique (1a).
6. Profil aérodynamique (1b) pour une pale de rotor (1) d’un aéronef à voilure tournante, ledit profil aérodynamique
5 (1b) ayant une épaisseur maximum au rapport de corde de 9% et comprenant, entre le bord d’attaque (3a) et le
bord de fuite (3b), un extrados (4b) et un intrados (4a), ledit intrados (4a) étant défini par les paires de valeur de
cordonnées d’intrados prédéterminées x/c, yint/c et ledit extrados (4b) étant défini par les paires de valeur de coor-
données prédéterminées x/c, yext/c, dans lequel x est une distance partant dudit bord d’attaque (3a) jusqu’au dit
bord de fuite (3b) suivant une ligne de corde (2) dudit profil aérodynamique (1b), c est une longueur dudit profil
10 aérodynamique (1b) dans la direction de la corde, yint est une distance entre ladite ligne de corde (2) et une surface
d’intrados respective et yext est une distance entre ladite ligne de corde (2) et une surface d’extrados respective,
caractérisée en ce que lesdites paires de valeur de coordonnées d’intrados prédéterminées x/c, yint/c et lesdites
paires de valeur de coordonnées d’extrados prédéterminées x/c, yext/c sont les suivantes :
15
0.000000 0.000079 0.000000 0.000079
0.000100 -0.000821 0.000100 0.001156
0.000400 -0.001602 0.000400 0.002431
20 0.000901 -0.002314 0.000901 0.003855
0.001601 -0.002993 0.001601 0.005382
0.002500 -0.003661 0.002500 0.006983
0.003599 -0.004331 0.003599 0.008637
0.004896 -0.005009 0.004896 0.010336
25
0.006392 -0.005694 0.006392 0.012070
0.008086 -0.006381 0.008086 0.013836
0.009977 -0.007067 0.009977 0.015625
0.012063 -0.007745 0.012063 0.017432
30 0.014346 -0.008412 0.014346 0.019249
0.016823 -0.009067 0.016823 0.021067
0.019494 -0.009707 0.019494 0.022879
0.022357 -0.010332 0.022357 0.024678
0.025412 -0.010940 0.025412 0.026457
35
0.028658 -0.011532 0.028658 0.028211
0.032092 -0.012105 0.032092 0.029937
0.035714 -0.012660 0.035714 0.031632
0.039523 -0.013196 0.039523 0.033296
40 0.043517 -0.013713 0.043517 0.034926
0.047694 -0.014211 0.047694 0.036523
0.052053 -0.014692 0.052053 0.038087
0.056592 -0.015154 0.056592 0.039615
0.061309 -0.015598 0.061309 0.041106
45
0.066203 -0.016025 0.066203 0.042558
0.071272 -0.016435 0.071272 0.043968
0.076513 -0.016831 0.076513 0.045335
0.081926 -0.017212 0.081926 0.046656
50 0.087506 -0.017580 0.087506 0.047929
0.093254 -0.017935 0.093254 0.049154
0.099165 -0.018280 0.099165 0.050329
0.105239 -0.018615 0.105239 0.051455
0.111472 -0.018941 0.111472 0.052533
55
0.117862 -0.019258 0.117862 0.053563
0.124407 -0.019567 0.124407 0.054546
0.131105 -0.019868 0.131105 0.055482
44
EP 3 112 258 B1
(suite)

0.137952 -0.020161 0.137952 0.056373
5 0.144946 -0.020446 0.144946 0.057218
0.152085 -0.020723 0.152085 0.058018
0.159365 -0.020991 0.159365 0.058772
0.166784 -0.021250 0.166784 0.059482
10
0.174339 -0.021500 0.174339 0.060148
0.182027 -0.021740 0.182027 0.060769
0.189845 -0.021971 0.189845 0.061348
0.197791 -0.022193 0.197791 0.061885
0.205860 -0.022405 0.205860 0.062380
15 0.214050 -0.022609 0.214050 0.062833
0.222358 -0.022805 0.222358 0.063246
0.230781 -0.022992 0.230781 0.063619
0.239314 -0.023172 0.239314 0.063953
0.247956 -0.023345 0.247956 0.064250
20
0.256703 -0.023511 0.256703 0.064510
0.265551 -0.023668 0.265551 0.064736
0.274497 -0.023818 0.274497 0.064928
0.283537 -0.023961 0.283537 0.065087
25 0.292669 -0.024095 0.292669 0.065213
0.301888 -0.024222 0.301888 0.065306
0.311191 -0.024341 0.311191 0.065366
0.320574 -0.024453 0.320574 0.065392
0.330034 -0.024557 0.330034 0.065382
30
0.339567 -0.024654 0.339567 0.065337
0.349170 -0.024742 0.349170 0.065255
0.358838 -0.024822 0.358838 0.065136
0.368569 -0.024893 0.368569 0.064980
35 0.378357 -0.024954 0.378357 0.064786
0.388201 -0.025006 0.388201 0.064554
0.398095 -0.025047 0.398095 0.064285
0.408036 -0.025078 0.408036 0.063977
0.418020 -0.025097 0.418020 0.063630
40
0.428043 -0.025106 0.428043 0.063246
0.438102 -0.025104 0.438102 0.062822
0.448192 -0.025090 0.448192 0.062359
0.458310 -0.025065 0.458310 0.061857
45 0.468451 -0.025027 0.468451 0.061314
0.478613 -0.024977 0.478613 0.060730
0.488790 -0.024914 0.488790 0.060105
0.498979 -0.024838 0.498979 0.059437
0.509177 -0.024750 0.509177 0.058725
50
0.519378 -0.024648 0.519378 0.057968
0.529580 -0.024534 0.529580 0.057165
0.539778 -0.024406 0.539778 0.056314
0.549969 -0.024265 0.549969 0.055414
55 0.560148 -0.024110 0.560148 0.054465
0.570312 -0.023943 0.570312 0.053466
0.580456 -0.023762 0.580456 0.052418
45
EP 3 112 258 B1
(suite)

0.590577 -0.023568 0.590577 0.051323
5 0.600670 -0.023360 0.600670 0.050182
0.610733 -0.023138 0.610733 0.048997
0.620761 -0.022902 0.620761 0.047772
0.630750 -0.022650 0.630750 0.046508
10
0.640696 -0.022383 0.640696 0.045209
0.650596 -0.022100 0.650596 0.043880
0.660446 -0.021799 0.660446 0.042523
0.670241 -0.021482 0.670241 0.041142
0.679979 -0.021146 0.679979 0.039742
15 0.689655 -0.020793 0.689655 0.038325
0.699266 -0.020421 0.699266 0.036897
0.708808 -0.020030 0.708808 0.035460
0.718277 -0.019619 0.718277 0.034019
0.727670 -0.019188 0.727670 0.032577
20
0.736983 -0.018734 0.736983 0.031138
0.746212 -0.018256 0.746212 0.029705
0.755355 -0.017751 0.755355 0.028280
0.764406 -0.017218 0.764406 0.026864
25 0.773364 -0.016653 0.773364 0.025461
0.782224 -0.016056 0.782224 0.024070
0.790983 -0.015426 0.790983 0.022693
0.799638 -0.014765 0.799638 0.021332
0.808185 -0.014075 0.808185 0.019986
30
0.816622 -0.013359 0.816622 0.018658
0.824944 -0.012623 0.824944 0.017349
0.833149 -0.011872 0.833149 0.016061
0.841233 -0.011110 0.841233 0.014799
35 0.849193 -0.010343 0.849193 0.013565
0.857027 -0.009576 0.857027 0.012365
0.864731 -0.008815 0.864731 0.011204
0.872303 -0.008066 0.872303 0.010088
0.879738 -0.007335 0.879738 0.009023
40
0.887036 -0.006632 0.887036 0.008016
0.894192 -0.005964 0.894192 0.007072
0.901204 -0.005340 0.901204 0.006198
0.908069 -0.004767 0.908069 0.005400
45 0.914785 -0.004253 0.914785 0.004684
0.921349 -0.003800 0.921349 0.004056
0.927758 -0.003413 0.927758 0.003520
0.934010 -0.003091 0.934010 0.003077
0.940103 -0.002832 0.940103 0.002727
50
0.946035 -0.002633 0.946035 0.002463
0.951802 -0.002490 0.951802 0.002276
0.957403 -0.002395 0.957403 0.002153
0.962836 -0.002339 0.962836 0.002083
55 0.968098 -0.002311 0.968098 0.002049
0.973188 -0.002302 0.973188 0.002039
0.978104 -0.002303 0.978104 0.002042
46
EP 3 112 258 B1
(suite)

0.982843 -0.002309 0.982843 0.002052
5 0.987404 -0.002316 0.987404 0.002064
0.991785 -0.002323 0.991785 0.002074
0.995984 -0.002328 0.995984 0.002084
1.000000 -0.002332 1.000000 0.002092
10
où une erreur maximum de chacune desdites paires de valeur de coordonnées d’intrados prédéterminées x/c, yint/c
et desdites paires de valeur de coordonnées d’extrados prédéterminées x/c, yext/c s’élève à 63%.
7. Profil aérodynamique pour une pale de rotor (1) d’un aéronef à voilure tournante, ledit profil aérodynamique ayant
15 une épaisseur maximum au rapport de corde entre 7 et 12% et comprenant les paires de valeur de coordonnées
d’intrados et les paires de valeur de cordonnées d’extrados qui sont déterminées sur la base d’un profil aérodyna-
mique de référence (1b), ledit profil aérodynamique de référence (1b) étant défini par ledit profil aérodynamique
(1b) selon la revendication 6, dans lequel lesdites paires de valeur yint/c et yext/c sont remises à l’échelle à chaque
point x/c pour une valeur sélectionnée respectivement entre 7 et 12% pour une épaisseur maximum au rapport de
20 corde sur la base d’une mise à l’échelle au point x/c = 0,349, où lesdites paires de valeur yint/c et yext/c sont remises
à l’échelle au dit point x/c = 0,349 telles que la somme de |yext| et |yint| divisée par c, s’élève à la valeur sélectionnée
respectivement entre 7 et 12% pour l’épaisseur maximum au rapport de corde et où la valeur |yint| divisée par
du profil aérodynamique de référence (1b) à chaque point x/c.
25
8. Profil aérodynamique (1b) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le rayon du bord d’attaque associé d’un
cercle de bord d’attaque (2a) qui définit une courbure sous-jacente au dit bord d’attaque (3a) dudit profil aérodyna-
mique (1b) s’élève à r/c = 0,00481, ledit cercle de bord d’attaque (2a) ayant son centre de cercle associé situé à
x/c = 0,00481 et yext/c = 0,00008.
30
9. Profil aérodynamique (1b) selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce qu’un compensateur de bord de fuite (2b)
est prévu pour ledit bord de fuite (3b) dudit profil aérodynamique (1b), ledit compensateur de bord de fuite (2b) étant
35 10. Profil aérodynamique (1b) selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce qu’un compensateur de bord de fuite (2b)
comprend une longueur entre 2 et 10% de ladite longueur dudit profil aérodynamique (1b) dans la direction de la
corde avec une erreur d’inclinaison maximum de 6 5° par rapport à ladite ligne de corde (2) dudit profil aérodynamique
(1b).
40 11. Profil aérodynamique (1c) pour une pale de rotor (1) d’un aéronef à voilure tournante, ledit profil aérodynamique
(1c) ayant une épaisseur maximum au rapport de corde de 8% et comprend, entre un bord d’attaque (3a) et un
bord de fuite (3b), un extrados (4b) et un intrados (4a), ledit intrados (4a) étant défini par les paires de valeur de
coordonnées d’intrados prédéterminées x/c, yint/c et ledit extrados (4b) étant défini par les paires de valeur de
coordonnées d’extrados prédéterminées x/c, yext/c ; dans lequel x est une distance partant dudit bord d’attaque
45 (3a) jusqu’au dit bord de fuite (3b) suivant une ligne de corde (2) dudit profil aérodynamique (1c), c est une longueur
dudit profil aérodynamique (1c) dans la direction de la corde, yint est une distance entre la ligne de corde (2) et une
surface d’intrados respective et yext est une distance entre ladite ligne de corde (2) et une surface d’extrados
respective, caractérisé en ce que les paires de valeur de coordonnées d’intrados prédéterminées x/c, yint/c et
lesdites paires de valeur de coordonnées d’extrados prédéterminées x/c, yext/c sont les suivantes :
50
0.000000 0.000215 0.000000 0.000215
0.000108 -0.000757 0.000078 0.001200
55 0.000411 -0.001747 0.000327 0.002240
0.000926 -0.002750 0.000739 0.003360
0.001662 -0.003727 0.001310 0.004558
47
EP 3 112 258 B1
(suite)

0.002616 -0.004655 0.002049 0.005839
5 0.003800 -0.005525 0.002973 0.007227
0.005244 -0.006340 0.004129 0.008754
0.006978 -0.007128 0.005577 0.010448
0.009067 -0.007908 0.007390 0.012337
10
0.011619 -0.008697 0.009666 0.014451
0.014783 -0.009530 0.012523 0.016812
0.018750 -0.010418 0.016062 0.019413
0.023722 -0.011352 0.020339 0.022198
0.029809 -0.012304 0.025333 0.025063
15 0.036922 -0.013230 0.030955 0.027888
0.044810 -0.014099 0.037107 0.030586
0.053218 -0.014906 0.043702 0.033107
0.061943 -0.015652 0.050680 0.035432
0.070873 -0.016345 0.058002 0.037567
20
0.079906 -0.016990 0.065631 0.039529
0.088988 -0.017593 0.073520 0.041336
0.098046 -0.018154 0.081608 0.043000
0.107068 -0.018678 0.089839 0.044528
25 0.116047 -0.019169 0.098172 0.045923
0.124990 -0.019632 0.106577 0.047188
0.133918 -0.020068 0.115037 0.048325
0.142864 -0.020484 0.123550 0.049337
0.151836 -0.020880 0.132127 0.050232
30
0.160857 -0.021259 0.140777 0.051020
0.169928 -0.021623 0.149509 0.051716
0.179052 -0.021972 0.158319 0.052338
0.188212 -0.022307 0.167169 0.052894
35 0.197390 -0.022628 0.176050 0.053383
0.206574 -0.022937 0.184960 0.053815
0.215752 -0.023233 0.193877 0.054190
0.224921 -0.023518 0.202805 0.054506
0.234080 -0.023790 0.211741 0.054767
40
0.243213 -0.024051 0.220690 0.054973
0.252331 -0.024302 0.229653 0.055126
0.261430 -0.024541 0.238634 0.055229
0.270527 -0.024771 0.247642 0.055289
45 0.279620 -0.024990 0.256664 0.055307
0.288732 -0.025198 0.265716 0.055288
0.297858 -0.025397 0.274800 0.055241
0.307010 -0.025588 0.283904 0.055169
0.316188 -0.025771 0.293030 0.055078
50
0.325380 -0.025946 0.302179 0.054971
0.334565 -0.026112 0.311343 0.054856
0.343733 -0.026272 0.320511 0.054731
0.352895 -0.026423 0.329689 0.054599
55 0.362062 -0.026567 0.338869 0.054462
0.371226 -0.026705 0.348043 0.054319
0.380408 -0.026835 0.357211 0.054168
48
EP 3 112 258 B1
(suite)

0.389592 -0.026960 0.366378 0.054008
5 0.398773 -0.027082 0.375537 0.053840
0.407948 -0.027194 0.384693 0.053659
0.417114 -0.027296 0.393848 0.053468
0.426264 -0.027388 0.403006 0.053265
10
0.435411 -0.027472 0.412163 0.053052
0.444557 -0.027545 0.421324 0.052828
0.453708 -0.027610 0.430488 0.052595
0.462868 -0.027663 0.439656 0.052354
0.472038 -0.027705 0.448824 0.052104
15 0.481218 -0.027736 0.457990 0.051848
0.490405 -0.027757 0.467151 0.051581
0.499600 -0.027765 0.476316 0.051306
0.508797 -0.027761 0.485468 0.051024
0.517989 -0.027743 0.494612 0.050728
20
0.527173 -0.027713 0.503750 0.050418
0.536346 -0.027668 0.512886 0.050095
0.545491 -0.027609 0.522011 0.049757
0.554621 -0.027536 0.531136 0.049400
25 0.563731 -0.027444 0.540266 0.049029
0.572814 -0.027339 0.549383 0.048643
0.581885 -0.027215 0.558500 0.048237
0.590939 -0.027072 0.567617 0.047814
0.599982 -0.026910 0.576733 0.047374
30
0.609025 -0.026731 0.585841 0.046918
0.618071 -0.026516 0.594933 0.046442
0.627122 -0.026269 0.604018 0.045944
0.636179 -0.025988 0.613076 0.045422
35 0.645255 -0.025677 0.622116 0.044865
0.654342 -0.025340 0.631136 0.044278
0.663446 -0.024980 0.640125 0.043651
0.672559 -0.024601 0.649101 0.042983
0.681681 -0.024204 0.658056 0.042268
40
0.690809 -0.023791 0.667004 0.041505
0.699940 -0.023364 0.675947 0.040692
0.709072 -0.022922 0.684895 0.039831
0.718204 -0.022468 0.693854 0.038922
45 0.727323 -0.022000 0.702833 0.037972
0.736438 -0.021514 0.711841 0.036986
0.745545 -0.021011 0.720869 0.035967
0.754646 -0.020488 0.729930 0.034916
0.763749 -0.019946 0.739005 0.033838
50
0.772838 -0.019385 0.748093 0.032735
0.781925 -0.018800 0.757187 0.031610
0.791017 -0.018195 0.766273 0.030463
0.800106 -0.017569 0.775334 0.029305
55 0.809195 -0.016921 0.784371 0.028132
0.818292 -0.016252 0.793385 0.026950
0.827400 -0.015566 0.802375 0.025754
49
EP 3 112 258 B1
(suite)

0.836515 -0.014864 0.811351 0.024551
5 0.845633 -0.014148 0.820321 0.023336
0.854759 -0.013419 0.829305 0.022108
0.863883 -0.012681 0.838309 0.020864
0.872989 -0.011934 0.847334 0.019607
10
0.882064 -0.011172 0.856389 0.018334
0.891090 -0.010393 0.865463 0.017051
0.900055 -0.009580 0.874538 0.015760
0.908968 -0.008727 0.883610 0.014463
0.917793 -0.007820 0.892663 0.013166
15 0.926569 -0.006869 0.901705 0.011868
0.935039 -0.005887 0.910726 0.010564
0.943157 -0.004809 0.919634 0.009266
0.950722 -0.003725 0.928288 0.007973
0.958140 -0.003014 0.936612 0.006671
20
0.965683 -0.002577 0.944461 0.005343
0.973486 -0.002486 0.952013 0.004032
0.981658 -0.002497 0.959220 0.003090
0.989505 -0.002498 0.966334 0.002578
25 0.996281 -0.002499 0.973827 0.002484
1.000000 -0.002500 0.981787 0.002497
0.989536 0.002498
0.996283 0.002499
1.000000 0.002500
30
où une erreur maximum de chacune des paires de valeur de coordonnées d’intrados prédéterminées x/c, yint/c et
desdites paires de valeur de coordonnées d’extrados x/c, yext/c s’élève à 63%.
35 12. Profil aérodynamique pour une pale de rotor (1) d’un aéronef à voilure tournante, ledit profil aérodynamique ayant
une épaisseur maximum au rapport de corde entre 6 et 10% et comprenant des paires de valeur de coordonnées
d’intrados et des paires de valeur de coordonnées d’extrados qui sont déterminées sur la base d’un profil aérody-
namique de référence (1c), ledit profil aérodynamique de référence (1c) étant défini par ledit profil aérodynamique
(1c) selon la revendication 11, dans lequel lesdites paires de valeur yint/c et yext/c sont remises à l’échelle à chaque
40 point x/c pour une valeur sélectionnée respectivement entre 6 et 10 % pour l’épaisseur maximum au rapport de
corde sur la base d’une mise à l’échelle au point x/c = 0,362, où lesdites paires de valeur yint/c et yext/c sont remises
à l’échelle au point x/c = 0,353 telles que la somme de |yext| et |yint| divisée par c s’élève à la valeur sélectionnée
respectivement entre 6 et 10% pour l’épaisseur maximum au rapport de corde et où la valeur |yint| divisée par
45 du profil aérodynamique de référence (1c) à chaque point x/c.
13. Profil aérodynamique (1c) selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le rayon du bord d’attaque associé
d’un cercle de bord d’attaque (2a) qui définit une courbure sous-jacente au dit bord d’attaque (3a) dudit profil
aérodynamique (1c) s’élève à r/c = 0,00502, ledit cercle de bord d’attaque (2a) ayant un centre de cercle associé
50 situé en x/c = 0,00502 et yext/c = 0,00028.
14. Profil aérodynamique selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu’un compensateur de bord de fuite (2b) est
prévu pour ledit bord de fuite (3b) dudit profil aérodynamique (1c), ledit compensateur de bord de fuite (2b) étant
55
15. Profil aérodynamique (1c) selon la revendication 14, caractérisé en ce que ledit compensateur de bord de fuite
(2b) comprend une longueur entre 2 et 10 % de la dite longueur dudit profil aérodynamique (1c) dans la direction
de la corde avec une erreur d’inclinaison maximum de 6 5° par rapport à ladite ligne de corde (2) dudit profil
50
EP 3 112 258 B1
aérodynamique (1c).
16. Pale de rotor (1) d’un aéronef à voilure tournante, ladite pale de rotor (1) comprend au moins un profil aérodynamique
(1a, 1b, 1c) selon une des revendications précédentes.
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
50
55
51
EP 3 112 258 B1
52
EP 3 112 258 B1
53
EP 3 112 258 B1
54
EP 3 112 258 B1
55
EP 3 112 258 B1
REFERENCES CITED IN THE DESCRIPTION
This list of references cited by the applicant is for the reader’s convenience only. It does not form part of the European
patent document. Even though great care has been taken in compiling the references, errors or omissions cannot be
excluded and the EPO disclaims all liability in this regard.
Patent documents cited in the description
• US 5957662 A [0003] • US 6361279 B1 [0004] [0049]

• US 6315522 B1 [0003]
56

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(11) EP 3 112 258 B1

(45) Date of publication and mention (51) Int Cl.:

(21) Application number: 15400028.5

(22) Date of filing: 03.07.2015

(54) AIRFOILS FOR ROTOR BLADES OF ROTARY WING AIRCRAFTS

(84) Designated Contracting States: • Lutz, Thorsten

Printed by Jouve, 75001 PARIS (FR)

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

15 0.000000 0.000215 0.000000 0.000215

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

extrados 4b of the 9% airfoil 1b of Figure 2.

1a 12% rotor blade airfoil

1c 8% rotor blade airfoil

2a leading edge circle

2b trailing edge tab

3b airfoil trailing edge

5 airfoil coordinate system

7 maximum lift coefficient diagram

7a Mach number axis

7b maximum lift coefficient axis

5 8a 12% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve

8b conventional 12% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve

9a 9% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve

10a 8% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve

15 11 maximum lift to drag ratio diagram

11a Mach number axis

11b maximum lift to drag ratio axis

12b conventional 12% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve

25 13a 9% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve

13b conventional 9% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve

14a 8% rotor blade airfoil characteristic curve

15a chord axis

35 15b pressure coefficient axis

16a 9% rotor blade airfoil extrados characteristic curve

16b conventional 9% rotor blade airfoil extrados characteristic curve

16d conventional 9% rotor blade airfoil intrados characteristic curve

45 17a main pressure recovery location

17b suction peak location

18 rotor figure of merit

18b figure of merit axis

55 19a rotor blade with 9% and 12% airfoil characteristic curve

20 1% gain in figure of merit

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

55 5. The airfoil (1a) according to claim 4,

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

8. The airfoil (1b) according to claim 6,

9. The airfoil (1b) according to claim 6,

10. The airfoil (1b) according to claim 9,

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c

x/c yint/c x/c yext/c