Welding Module 1-7

ACKNOWLEDGMENT
Copyright Department of Education 2008
First Published JUNE 2008
This draft was prepared at the Competency-Based Learning Materials

Development Workshop conducted at the Marikina Hotel, Marikina City on
February 18-22, 2008.
This learning instrument was developed by the following personnel:
Technology Teacher:
June L. Dimalibot
Bauan Technical High School
Poblacion II Bauan, Batangas
Resource Person:
Mr. Clodualdo Paiton
TESDA Specialist
Mr. Jose D. Gonzales Jr.

Principal III
RESPSCI
Contextual Teacher:
May L. Sangalang
AFG Bernardino Memorial Trade School
Lias, Marilao, Bulacan
(English)
Encoders:
Maria Eliza R. Rivera

Catherine P. Gonzales
Department of Education
Evangeline C. Nuesca
Magara, Roxas, Palawan
This work was produced with funding provided by the Department of

Education.
www.shsph.blogspot.com
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
The Department of Education (DepED), Central Office through Technical

Vocational Task Force wishes to extend its gratitude and appreciation to all the
Module Writers for sharing their time and expertise in the Refinement and
Enrichment of Competency-Based Learning Materials for Strengthening
Technical Vocational Education Program (STVEP) held at Marikina Hotel,
Marikina City on April 20-25, 2009.
MODULE WRITERS:
WELDING
JIMMY P. OCAMPO
Rizal Experimental Station and Pilot School of Cottage Industries
(RESPSCI)
Maybunga, Pasig City NCR
JIMMY P. DOMINGO
San Pedro Relocation Center NHS
San Pedro, Laguna Region IV-A
JEFFREY G. MORENOS
Assemblywoman Felicita G. Bernardino
Memorial Trade School
Lias, Marilao, Bulacan Region III
BENJIE R. SAN JUAN

Community VHS (Calapan City NHS)
Calapan City, Oriental Mindoro Region IV-B
SCIENCE
EDNA M. PASAMONTE
B.S. Aquino National High School
Concepcion, Tarlac Region III
MATH
FRANCISCO M. JAVIER
Muntinlupa Business High School
Espeleta St., Buli, Muntinlupa City NCR
ENGLISH
MA. NONELA B. CASTILLO

Rizal Experimental Station and Pilot School of Cottage Industries
(RESPSCI)
Maybunga, Pasig City NCR
FACILITATOR :
VICTORIO N. MEDRANO
Principal IV
San Pedro Relocation Center NHS
San Pedro, Laguna Region IV-A
EDITOR:
MRS. CAROLINA F. CHAVEZ

Principal II
Muntinlupa Business High School
Muntinlupa City NCR
ENCODERS :
MA. RIZA B. ZAMORA

DepED – Budget Division, Meralco Ave., Pasig City
EVANGELINE C. NUESCA
Magara, Roxas, Palawan
This work was produced with funding provided by the Department of

Education.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
How to Use this Module ................................................................................... i

Introduction .................................................................................................... ii
Technical Terms ............................................................................................. iii
Learning Outcome 1 Identify Standard Alphabet of Lines………… ................... 1
 Learning Experiences/Activities ............................................................. 2
 Information Sheet 1.1 ......................................................................... 3-6
 Self-Check 1.1 ....................................................................................... 7
Learning Outcome 2 Identify Orthographic/Isometric Views……... .................. 8
 Learning Experiences/Activities ............................................................ 9
 Information Sheet 2.1 ..................................................................... 10-11
 Operation Sheet 2.1 ............................................................................. 12
● Job sheet 2.1…………………………………………………………………………13
 Information Sheet 2.2 .......................................................................... 14
 Operation Sheet 2.2 ............................................................................. 15
● Job sheet 2.2…………………………………………………………………………16
 Self check 2.1………………………………….……………………………………. 17
Learning Outcome 3 Interpret Standard Drawing Symbols,
Dimensions, Tolerances and Notations…………………………………..……18
 Learning Experiences/Activities…………………………………………………..19
 Information sheet 3.1……………………………………………………………20-27
 Self check 2.1………………………………….………………………………………29
Answer Key…………..…………………………………………………………………….….30
HOW TO USE THIS MODULE
Welcome to the Module “INTERPRETING DRAWING AND SYMBOLS”. This

module contains training materials and activities for you to complete.
The unit of competency “Interpret Drawing and Symbols” contains the

knowledge, skills and attitudes required for Shielded Metal Arc Welding
(SMAW) to obtain the National Certificate (NC) level I.
You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to

complete each of the learning outcomes of the module. In each learning
outcome there are Information Sheets, Job Sheets, Operation Sheets and
Activity Sheets. Do these activities on your own and answer the Self-Check at
the end of each learning activity.
If you have questions, do not hesitate to ask your teacher for assistance.
Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)
You may already have some or most of the knowledge and skills covered in
this module.
If you can demonstrate competence to your to your teacher in a particular

skill, talk to your teacher so you do not have to undergo the same module
again. If you have a qualification or Certificate of Competency from previous
trainings show it to him/her. If the skills you acquired are consistent with and
relevant to this module, they may become part of the evidence. You can
present these for RPL. If you are not sure about your competence skills,
discuss this with your teacher.
After completing this module, ask your teacher to assess your competence.
Result of your assessment will be recorded in your competency profile. All the
learning activities are designed for you to complete at your own pace.
In this module, you will find the activities for you to complete the relevant
information sheets for each learning outcome. Each learning outcome may have
more than one learning activity.
This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency,

in receiving and relaying information. This will be the source of information
that will enable you to acquire the knowledge and skills in Shielded Metal
Arc Welding (SMAW) independently at your own pace with minimum
supervision from your teacher.
Unit of Competency Interpret Drawing and Symbols
Module Title: INTERPRETING DRAWING AND SYMBOLS
INTRODUCTION:
This module contains information and suggested learning activities on

Interpreting drawings and Symbols. It includes instruction and procedure on
how to Interpret Drawings and Symbols.
Completion of this module will help you better understand the

succeeding module on Contributing to Quality System.
This module consists of three (3) learning outcomes. Each learning

outcome contains learning activities supported by instruction sheets. Before
you perform the instruction, read the information sheets and answer the self-
check and activities provided. To ascertain your competence, your teacher will
assess what you have acquired when the knowledge necessary to perform the
skill portion of the what particular learning outcome.
Upon completing this module, report to your competence teacher for

assessment to check your achievement of knowledge and skills requirements of
this module. If you pass the assessment, you will be given a certificate of
completion.
SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:
Upon completion of the module the students should be able to:
LO1 Identify Standard Alphabet of Lines;

LO2 Identify Orthographic/Isometric Views; and
LO3 Interpret Standard Drawing Symbols, Dimensional Tolerances and
Notations
ASSESSMENT CRITERIA:
Refer to assessment criteria of learning outcomes 1-3 of this module.
PREREQUISITE:
TECHNICAL TERMS
1. Welding Symbol is the location of elements in a weld symbol with

respect to each other
2. Weld Symbol it indicates the require type of weld and

supplemental implementation.
3. Tolerance is the total amount of variation permitted for the

design size of a part.
4. Symbol is a figure or character used in place of a word

or group of words.
5. Arrow Side is a weld symbol that is written above the

reference line.
6. Other Side is a weld symbol that is written above the

reference line.
7. Both Side is a weld symbol that is written above and

below the reference line.
8. Reference Line is written horizontally forming an obtuse

angle.
9. Concave is a curve inward (see contour symbol).
10. Convex is a curve outward (see contour symbol).
11. Tail is a part of an arrow symbol on a welding blue

print where specifications are placed .
Program/Course: SHIELDED METAL ARC WELDING
Unit of Competency: INTERPRET DRAWING AND SYMBOLS
Learning Outcome 1:
Identify Standard Alphabet of Lines
Assessment Criteria:
1. Alphabet of lines are identified according to International Standard

Organization (ISO)
2. Alphabet of lines are clearly explained according to their uses.
References:
Welding Technology
Second Edition
Gower A. Kennedy
Welding Inspection Technology

Education Department
American Welding Society, Inc
Welding Principles and Application

Larry Jeffus and Harold V. Johnson
1
LEARNING EXPERIENCES/ACTIVITIES
Learning Outcome No. 1: Identify Standard Alphabet of Lines
Learning Activities Special Instructions
1. Read the attached information

sheet 1.1 and identify standard
alphabet of lines.
2. Answer self check no. 1.1 to

test your knowledge on
identifying standard alphabet of  Answer the self-check without
lines. looking at the information
sheet.
3. Compare your answer on
answer keys
4. If you miss some of the items,

go over this enabling objective
again.
5. When you are ready, you can

proceed to the next enable
objective
2
INFORMATION SHEET 1.1
Alphabet of Lines
Lines are the bases of all drawing. They are used even from simple
drawing to the difficult ones. Practice, exercise and correct use of techniques
in the making of lines will give student experience in technical sketching.
Moreover, constant practice will help students develop skill in making lines
and use of pencils. It should be remembered that the basic requirement for
line construction is clarify of line produced.
In practice, the kind of line produced, depends on the hardness of the
pencil. For drawing using pencil, the medium and light lines are more
prepared.
There are conventional lines used in drawing. These lines are called
alphabet of line and each line serves a particular purpose. These lines may
either be drawn freehand or they may be drawn mechanically.
3
 Visible lines are lines which are seen on the edge of an object. When
drawn using ink, the lines are heavy and solid; when a pencil is used the
line produced is medium. The thickness of the lines depends on the size
of the drawing.
Example:
 Long break lines are lines which show that a line has been broken.
These lines have definite breaks and are medium in weight.
Example:
 Short break lines are lines drawn with a heavy freehand line.
Example:
 Hidden lines are also called, dotted lines. They are short medium weight
dashes measuring about 3-4 millimeter and gaps about 1-2 millimeters
wide. These kinds of lines are used to represent hidden views of an
object.
Example:
4
 A leader line is a fine broken line. It has an arrowhead at one end. The
broken line has a short horizontal and an inclined line to indicate either
a part or measurement of an object.
Example:
 A reference line is a curved line with an arrowhead at one end. This

kind of line is used to label the parts of an object. The leader line and
reference line arrowheads both point to parts being labeled or measured.
Example:
 Center lines are lines used to pinpoint centers of objects, arcs and
circles. They are drawn by using one long and one short dash
alternatively. The spaces between the dashes are like that of the hidden
lines.
Example:
 Section line is lines used to show sectional views. The spaces are placed
evenly so that a shaded effect may achieve.
Example:
5
 Dimension lines show the measurement of objects. It consists of
arrowheads, fine line and the measurement. The arrowheads are short
and are placed at both ends of the line. The measurement is placed at the
middle of the fine line.
Example:
 Dimensioning is measuring the objects’ height, width and depth.
Principal Dimension of an Object
a. Height is the perpendicular distance between two horizontal

planes.
b. Width is the perpendicular distance between two profile planes.
c. Depth is the perpendicular distance between two horizontal planes.
6
ASSESSMENT (SELF CHECK) 1.1
Answer the following questions briefly. Write your answer in a separate paper.
A. Identify the given alphabet of lines.
1. ___________________________
2. ____________________________
3. _____________________________
4. ______________________________
5. ______________________________
6. ______________________________
7. _____________________________
8. ______________________________
7
Learning Outcome 2:
Identify Orthographic and Isometric Views
1. Orthographic and isometric are clearly explained.

2. Orthographic and isometric drawings are identified based on plan.
References:
Welding Technology
Second Edition
Gower A. Kennedy


Larry Jeffus and Harold V. Johnson
8
Learning Outcome No. 2: Identify Orthographic/Isometric Views

sheets, operation sheets and
job sheets and identify
orthographic/isometric views.
2. Answer in each self check to

test your knowledge on a. Answer the self-check without
identifying looking at the information
orthographic/isometric views sheet.

answer keys
4. If you miss some of the items,

again.

objective
9
Orthographic View Sketching
The term orthographic comes from the Greek words orthos and graphos
which mean to write and to draw. Orthographic sketching therefore is drawing
using lines only.
This kind of drawing is simple. Its purpose is to represent a shape using
two or more views.
 Orthographic Drawing
Figure can be viewed in three ways:

a. Frontal plane
b. Horizontal plane
c. Profile plane
 The frontal plane shows the shape of an object as seen from the front.
This is called FV.
10
 The horizontal plane shows the object as viewed from the top. This is
called the TV of an object.
 The profile plane shows the shape of the object as seen from the side,
the distance from bottom to top and front to back. This is called the SV of
an object.
11
OPERATION SHEET 2.1
Identify Orthographic and Isometric View
Orthographic Sketching
Sketching Orthographic Views
Procedure:
a. Know the dimensions of the object: the length, width and
thickness.
Study the proportions of the parts and that of the whole object.
b. Check on the kind of view you wish to use in the object. Be sure
that the main surfaces are represented. More importantly check on
the size of the views taking care that they are proportioned
properly.
c. Draw the object using light lines first to give easier time for
erasures. Later when the view drawn is acceptable, the lines will be
made darker.
Sample orthographic views:
12
JOB SHEET 2.1
Identify Orthographic and Isometric View
Orthographic Sketching
Materials:
a. Pencil
b. Eraser
c. Protractor
d. Compass
e. Drawing table
f. T-square
g. Triangle
8. A4 paper
Draw the orthographic views
Plate No. 1
Plate No. 2
13
Isometric Drawing
Isometric drawing is a drawing wherein objects is represented by three

skills and are seen at one time. The term isometric comes from ISO which
means equal and metric means measure. This means therefore that the
isometric view is in equal measure to its orthographic views. Isometric also
means that the measurements of the angles are equal as formed by their three
axes.
There are three axes of an isometric drawing: the vertical, the left 20
degrees cross axis and the right 30 degrees cross axes.
14
OPERATION SHEET 2.2
Isometric Drawing
Procedure:
1. Draw the vertical axis and then

lay the height.
2. Draw the left and right

degrees cross axis.
3. Measure the width and

depth of the object.
4. Draw parallel lines to the width

and depth to complete the three
faces of the object.
15
JOB SHEET 2.2
Isometric Drawing
Materials:
a. Pencil
b. Eraser
c. Drawing table
d. T-square
e. Compass
f. Protractor
g. Triangle
h. A4 paper
Draw the given working drawing following given measurements using 30

degrees isometric drawing. Note: Use mm. unit of measurement.
Plate No. 1
Plate No. 2
INFORMATION SHEET #4
16
SELF CHECK 2.1
LO 2.
Direction. Answer Set A and B test (Write your answer in a separate sheet of
paper).
A. Enumerate the 3 principal views in the orthographic drawing
1.
2.
3.
B. List down five tools and materials used in constructing orthographic

drawing
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
17
Learning Outcome 3:
Interpret Standard drawing Symbols, Dimensional Tolerances and

Notations
1. Drawing symbols are interpreted according to drawing standards.

2. Dimensional tolerance, notations are interpreted according to
specifications.
References:
Welding Technology
Second Edition
Gower A. Kennedy


Larry Jeffers and Harold V. Johnson
18
Learning Outcome No. 3: Interpret Standard Drawing Symbols, Dimensional

Tolerances and Notations

sheet 3.1 and interpret
standard drawing symbols,
dimensional tolerances and
notations.
2. Answer self check no. 3.1 to a. Answer the self-check without

test your knowledge on looking at the information
identifying sheet.
orthographic/isometric views

answer key
4. If you missed some of the items,

again.

objective
19
Interpret Standard Drawing Symbols, Dimensional Tolerances and

Notations
Welding Symbol
Location of Elements: The elements of a welding symbol have standard

locations with respect to each other.
Location Significance of Arrow: The arrow element in a welding symbol in

conjunction with the reference line determines the arrow side and other side of
a weld.
The symbol depicting an arrow side weld is always placed below the reference
line. The arrow side is always closest to the reader when viewed from the
bottom of the drawing. The weld symbol depicting other side weld is placed
above the reference line, away from the reader. Welds on both side of a joint are
shown by placing weld symbols on both sides of the reference line.
Some weld symbols have no arrow or other side significance. However,

supplementary symbols used in conjunction with these weld symbols may have
such significance. For example, welding symbols for resistance spot and seam
welding have no side significance, but GTAW, EBW, or other spot and seam
welds may have arrow and other side.
References: When a specification, process, test, or other references is needed to

clarify a welding symbol, the reference is placed in a tail on the welding symbol.
The letters CJP may be used in the tail of the arrow to indicate that a complete
joint penetration groove weld is required, regardless of the type of weld or joint
preparation. The tail may be omitted when no specification, process, or other
reference is required with a welding symbol.
Dimensions: Dimensions of a weld are shown on the same side of the reference
line as the weld symbol. The size of the weld is shown to the left of the weld
symbol, and the length of the weld is placed on the right. If a length is not
given, the weld symbol applies to that portion of the joint between abrupt
changes in the direction of welding or between specified dimension lines. If a
weld symbol is shown on each side of the reference line, dimensions are
required to be given for each weld even though both welds are identical.
Either US Customary or SI units may be used when specifying dimensions.

However, only one of the two should be used for a product or project.
If a weld in a joint is to be intermittent, the length of the increments and the

pitch (center-to-center spacing) are placed to the right of the weld symbol.
20
The term weld symbol and welding symbol have different meanings. A
weld symbol indicates the required type of weld. The welding symbol includes
the weld symbol and supplementary information. A complete welding symbol
consists of the following elements:
 Reference line
 Arrow
 Basic weld symbol
 Dimensions and other data
 Supplementary symbol
 Finish symbol
 Tail
 Specification, process and other references
21
22
23
24
25
Weld Symbols
Weld symbols are intended to be based in conveying the information among the
designer, shop and fabrication personnel.
 Type of joint
 Type of joint preparation
 Side of groove preparation and welding
 Type of weld
 Size of weld
a. Type of Joint
A joint is a junction of members or the edges of members that are to be
joined or have been joined. The five basic joints used in welding are:
26
Welding Positions
 Flat Position
The position of welding wherein the welding is performed from the upper
side of the joint in the face of the weld which is approximately
horizontal.
 Horizontal Position
The position of welding wherein the axis of the weld lies in

approximately horizontal plane and the face of the weld lies
approximately in vertical plane.
 Vertical Position
The position of welding wherein the axis of the weld is approximately

vertical.
 Overhead Position
The position of welding wherein welding is performed from the

underside of the joint.
27
SELF CHECK 3.1
Interpret Standard Drawing Symbols, Dimensional Tolerances and

Notations
Welding Symbol
I. Identify the following welding symbols. Write your answer in a separate sheet.
a. ________________________
b. ________________________
c. ________________________
d. ________________________
e. ________________________
28
II. Draw the different types of joint preparation.
a. Single J __________________
b. Double Bevel __________________
c. Single U __________________
d. Single V __________________
e. Double J __________________
f. Single Bevel __________________
g. Double V __________________
h. Double U ___________________
29
ANSWER KEY
LO 1.
SELF CHECK 1.1
1. Leader line
2. Dimension Line
3. Short break line
4. Reference line
5. Long break line
6. Visible line
7. Section line
8. Hidden line
LO 2.
SELF CHECK 2.1
A.
1. Front View
2. Top View
3. Side View
B.
1. Compass
2. T-Square
3. A4 Paper
4. Drawing Table
5. Eraser, Pencil or Protractor
LO 3.
SELF CHECK 3.1
a. Fillet Weld
b. Half U-Groove Weld
c. Groove Weld
d. Flare Butt Weld
e. Square Butt Weld
30

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ACKNOWLEDGMENT

Copyright Department of Education 2008

First Published JUNE 2008

This draft was prepared at the Competency-Based Learning Materials

This learning instrument was developed by the following personnel:

Mr. Jose D. Gonzales Jr.

Maria Eliza R. Rivera

This work was produced with funding provided by the Department of

The Department of Education (DepED), Central Office through Technical

BENJIE R. SAN JUAN

MA. NONELA B. CASTILLO

MRS. CAROLINA F. CHAVEZ

MA. RIZA B. ZAMORA

This work was produced with funding provided by the Department of

How to Use this Module ................................................................................... i

Welcome to the Module “INTERPRETING DRAWING AND SYMBOLS”. This

The unit of competency “Interpret Drawing and Symbols” contains the

You are required to go through a series of learning activities in order to

Recognition of Prior Learning (RPL)

If you can demonstrate competence to your to your teacher in a particular

This module is prepared to help you achieve the required competency,

Module Title: INTERPRETING DRAWING AND SYMBOLS

This module contains information and suggested learning activities on

Completion of this module will help you better understand the

This module consists of three (3) learning outcomes. Each learning

Upon completing this module, report to your competence teacher for

SUMMARY OF LEARNING OUTCOMES:

Upon completion of the module the students should be able to:

LO1 Identify Standard Alphabet of Lines;

Refer to assessment criteria of learning outcomes 1-3 of this module.

1. Welding Symbol is the location of elements in a weld symbol with

2. Weld Symbol it indicates the require type of weld and

3. Tolerance is the total amount of variation permitted for the

4. Symbol is a figure or character used in place of a word

5. Arrow Side is a weld symbol that is written above the

6. Other Side is a weld symbol that is written above the

7. Both Side is a weld symbol that is written above and

8. Reference Line is written horizontally forming an obtuse

9. Concave is a curve inward (see contour symbol).

10. Convex is a curve outward (see contour symbol).

11. Tail is a part of an arrow symbol on a welding blue

Identify Standard Alphabet of Lines

1. Alphabet of lines are identified according to International Standard

Welding Inspection Technology

Welding Principles and Application

Learning Outcome No. 1: Identify Standard Alphabet of Lines

Learning Activities Special Instructions

1. Read the attached information

2. Answer self check no. 1.1 to

4. If you miss some of the items,

5. When you are ready, you can

Identify Standard Alphabet of Lines

 A reference line is a curved line with an arrowhead at one end. This

 Dimensioning is measuring the objects’ height, width and depth.

Principal Dimension of an Object

a. Height is the perpendicular distance between two horizontal

Identify Standard Alphabet of Lines

A. Identify the given alphabet of lines.

Identify Orthographic and Isometric Views

1. Orthographic and isometric are clearly explained.

Welding Inspection Technology

Welding Principles and Application

Learning Outcome No. 2: Identify Orthographic/Isometric Views

Learning Activities Special Instructions