SYLLABUS

FORFELLOWSHI
P
FCPSRADI
OLOGY&
I
MAGI
NGPART–I

BANGLADESHCOLLEGE
OF
PHYSI
CIANS&SURGEONS
67,
ShaheedTajuddinAhmedSar ani
Mohakhal
i,
Dhaka-1212,Bangl
adesh
SYLLABUS
FORFELLOWSHI
P
FCPSRADI
OLOGY&
I
MAGI
NGPART–I

BANGLADESHCOLLEGE
OF
PHYSI
CIANS&SURGEONS
67,
ShaheedTajuddinAhmedSar ani
Mohakhal
i,
Dhaka-1212,Bangl
adesh
Publ
ishedby:

Bangl
adeshCol
legeofPhy
sici
ansandSur
geons

Mohakhal
i,Dhaka-
1212.

Edi
ti
on:Oct
ober
,2004

Pr
int
edby:

Asi
anCol
ourPr
int
ing
130DI
TExt
ensi
onRoad
Faki
rer
pool
,Dhaka-
1000
 THEFCPSPART-IEXAMINATIONINRADIOLOGY.&I
MAGI
NG
WI
LLCOMPRISEOFFOLL
OWINGTHREEWRI
TTEN
PAPERS

Paper-I:Anatomy,Embryology,Hist
ologyandBi
ost
ati
sti
cs.
Paper-II:Radiol
ogicalPhysics.

Paper-I II:Pat hology ,Immunol ogy&Genet i

cs; Mi crobiology ;
Physi ologyandBi ochemi stry.
Paper-I:Anat omy,Embr yol ogy,Hi stologyandBi ost at
istics.(A)
ANATOMY,EMBRYOLOGY,HI STOLOGY
Candi dat eswi llber equi redt ohavesoundknowl edgeofal lthe
syst emsoft hebodyi ncludi ngt hoseaspect sofsect ionaland
regionalanat omyt hosear er elevanti nt hei nter pretati
onoft he
imagesacqui redbyr adiol ogy,ul trasound,CT.MRIandnucl ear
scanni ngandi tscl i
nicalimpl icati
on.
Thecandi dat ehavet ost udy.
1.Cel lbi ology
St r
uct uraldet ail
sofacel lwi thfunct ionali mpl icat i
ons, cell
cycle, cel ldi vi
sionandi t sanomal i
es.
II.Ost eol ogyandAr t hrology
Theanat omyandr elationsofbonesandj oi nts.
Thepr inci plesofbonedevel opmentshoul dbeunder stoodand
impor tantdat eofossi ficat ionshoul dber emember ed.
III.Gast roi nt est i
nalSyst em
GI Tandr elevantst r
uct ures( salivarygl ands, liver ,bil
iarytreeand
pancr eas) .
Gener alconf igur ationoft heper itonealcavi ty.
Ant eriorandpost eri
orabdomi nalwal lsandr elat i
onshi psof
viscera.
Anat omyr elevantt ot hecommonpr oblemsoft hepel vis.
Abdomi nalor gans,per itoneum andext ernalgeni talia.
IV.Car di ovascul arSyst em
Theanat omyofhear t,maj orar t
er i
es, veinsandl ymphat ics.

1
V.Respi
rat
orySyst
em

Generalconsi
derati
onoflungs,tr
acheaandthebr
onchi
alt
ree.
Thoracicwalls,i
ntercostalspaces,di
aphr
agm.
Anatomyoft het horaci
cvi scer
a.

VI
.Geni
tour
inar
ysyst
em

Anat
omyoft
heur
inar
ytr
act
,mal
eandf
emal
egeni
talor
gans.
VI
I.Ner
voussyst
em

Theanatomyofbr
ain,spi
nalcor
d,vol
unt
aryandaut
onomi
c
ner
ves.
CSF,Vent
ricl
es
Or
igi
n,cour
se,
dist
ribut
ionoft
hecar
nialandper
ipher
alner
ves.
Gener
alknowl
edgeoft
het
ract
s.
Theanat
omyoft
hescal
pandcar
nialcavi
ty.
VI
II
.Myol
ogy

Thef
unct
ion,movement
,bl
oodsuppl
y,ner
vesuppl
y.
IX.Endocr
inesyst
em andbreast
X.Skinandsubcut
aneousti
ssue.
XI
.Sur
faceAnat
omy
Commonor
gans,vessel
s,ner
veset
c.ofcl
ini
cali
mpor
tance.
XI
I. Embryol
ogy
Gener
alandspeci
alembryologynecessar
ytounder
standt
he
commondevel
opmentalabnormal
it
ies.

XIII.Histology
Sl
ides ofor gans ofcommon r adi
ologicalintereste. g,tongue,
oesophagus,st omach,i ntesti
nes,appendi x,thyroid,lymph
node,liver,test
is,lung,heart,bones,cartil
age,bl oodvessels
etc.areneeded.Abasi cknowl edgeofhi st
ologywi llberequir
ed
tounder standthef uncti
onsoft issueoror ganwi thoutdetail
s
ofcytologyandel ectr
onmi croscopy.

XI
V.Radi
ologyandi
magi
ng

Sectionalanat
omy and anat
omy forbasi
c under
standi
ng of
radiol
ogyandimagi
ngmodalit
ieswi
ththebasi
cknowledgeof
 int
erpr
etati
on.
(
B)BIOSTATISTICS


Basi
cconceptsofbi
ost
ati
sti
cs,
def
ini
ti
ons,
impor
tance,
useand
li
mit
ations.
Def
ini
tionsandconcepts,impor
tantt
ermsandratesusedin
medicalst
ati
sti
cs(standar
ddeathrat
ioandconci
seli
fe
t
ables).
Methodsofdat acoll
ect i
on.
Concept
sofsampl
ing.
Basi
cconcept
sofpr
obabi
li
ty.
Fr
equencyandpr
obabl
it
ydi
str
ibut
ion-
conceptandappl
icat
ioni
n
medici
ne.
Met
hodsofdi
spl
ayi
ngandpr
oject
ingdat
a.
Cor
rel
ati
onandr
egr
essi
on.
Measur
esofvar
iabi
lit
y.
Basicconceptsofexper i
ment
aldesi
gnsr
elevantt
omedi
cal
science,
cli
nicalt
rial
.
Testofsi
gni
ficance.
Met
hodsandpr
inci
plesofr
ecor
dingandmai
ntenanceof
i
nfor
mat
ion(
Requi
rement
sofheal
thi
nfor
mat
ionsyst
em)
.
Paper-I
I:Radi
ologi
calPhysi
cs.
AI
MS

Toprovi
deknowl edgeofradiat
ionphysicssuf f
icientto
under
standtheinter
actionofradi
ationwi t
hmat ter
.To
hav
eanawarenessoft
heassoci
atedr
adi
ationhazardsandrisks.
To under stand the pri
nciples of di agnostic x-ray and
radionucl
ideequi
pmentsuff
ici
enttobeabl et odescri
befactor
s
affecti
ngimagequali
tyandpatientdose,torecogniseart
efact
s
andt obeabletouseequipmentcor rect
ly.
Todescr
ibet
hevar
iousl
egi
slat
ionaf
fect
ingt
heuseofi
oni
sing
radi
ati
onsint
hemedicalenvir
onment.
OBJECTI
VES

Thecandi
dat
eshoul
dbeabl
eto

descr
ibet
hest
ruct
ureoft
heat
om,t
het
ypesofr
adi
ati
onand
 t
hemodesofr
adi
oact
ivedecay

under
standt
heconceptofhal
fli
fe.
gi
veabasi cdescri
pti
onoft heimpor
tantelect
ronandphot
on
int
eract
ionswithmat t
erandstat
ehow theyverywit
hener
gy
andpropert
iesofthemateri
al.
descri
beattenuati
oninter
msofabsor
pti
on,
scat
ter
,HVL,
and
underst
andt heinver
sesquar
elaw.
under
standt
hebasi
cphysi
csoft
hepr
oduct
ionofx-
rays.
st
atethe r
adiati
on quanti
ties and unit
s :act
ivi
ty,exposure,
absorbed dose,equival
entdose,ef f
ect
ivedoseand t he
rel
ati
onshipsbetweenthesequant it
ies.
gi
veadescr
ipt
ionoft
hebi
ologi
calef
fect
sofr
adi
ati
onont
issue.
underst
andandgiveexampl
esofst
ochast
icanddet
ermi
nist
ic
effect
sofradi
ati
on.

demonstrate and awareness oft he populat

ions used t
o
evaluat
er adiat
ion r
isk,risk val
ues and underst
and how
fact
orssuchasageaf fectt
hesevalues.
communicat
etheconceptofr
adi
ati
onr
iskf
rom medi
cal
exposur
estopat
ient
s.
understand the requir
ement sf ort he pr
otecti
on ofstaffand
member softhepubl icari
singf r
om theiruseofradi
ationand
theext enttowhi chtheyarer esponsibl
ef orsaf
etywithi
nthe
overallradi
ati
onpr otecti
onf r
amewor k.
demonst rateat horough knowl edge of t he r egulations
governingthemedi calexposureofani ndi
vidualandoft heir
ownandot herpeople'
sresponsibi
li
ties.understandt hei
rown
responsibi
li
ti
esregardingtherestri
ctionoft heenvironment al
impactoftheiruseofradiat
ion.
descr
ibebasi
cmeasur
esofi
magequal
ity.
under
standt
hebasi
cphysi
csofi
mager
ecept
ors.
have an over
view oft
he physi
csofCT,MRIscanner
s wi
th
 parti
cul
arr ef
erencetofactorsaff
ecti
ngi magequal
ityand
dose.
haveanovervi
ewofnuclearmedici
nephysi
cs.

4
CURRI CULUM
(A)Gener alPhysi cs
(a) Thest ruct ur eofmat terandr adi at ions
At om, nucl eus, el ement ar y par ticles,
ext ranucl earst r uct ur e,at omi cener gyl evel s,
nucl ear ener gy l evel s, exci tat ion and
ioni sat ion of at om, i sot ope, i sobar ,
isot one, isomer s. el ect romagnet ic
radi ation, quant um nat ur e of r adi at i
on,
elect romagnet ic spect rum. r adi at ion of
ener gy.
(b) Theel ect riccur r ent ,magnet ism,
elect r omagnet ism
Thenat ureandsour ceofel ect riccur rent,AC
and DC cur rent , el ect ric gener at or and
mot ors, magnet , l aws of magnet ism,
magnet i
c i nduct i on, sel f i nduct ion,
mut ual induct ion, elect r omagnet ic
phenomenon, el ect romagnet ic i nduct i
on,
types,const ruct ion,modeofact ionanduse
oft ransf or mer s,Ohm' sl aw,par al leland
ser ies circui t s, basi c el ect roni c
component s.
(c) Thepr oduct ionandpr oper tiesofX- rays
Const ruct ionofX- rayt ubes,ci rcui tsusedi n
x-r ayt ubes.Rect ifi cat i
onandr ect ifier s.
di ode and t ri odeval ve. semi conduct or
and semi conduct orr ect ifier s,capaci tor ,
fil
tr ation.ampl ifires,t ransi stors,pr oduct ionof
X-r ay,el ect ron i nt er act i
on,char act erist ic
andwhi ter adi at ion.angul ardi st ributionof
radi at i
on,pr oper tiesofx- r
ays,di ffer enceswi th
ot her st ypesofel ect romagnet i
cr adi at i
on.
(d) I nter act i
onofr adi ationwi thmat ter
andabsor ptionofr adi ation
Type of i nt er act ion, phot oel ect ric
absor pt i
on, compt on scat ter i
ng, pai r
pr oduct i
on.anni hi lat i
on r eact ion,absor pt i
on
of X- r
ay, absor pt ion coef fici ent , l inear
at tenuat ion coef ficient , hal f val ue l ayer ,
exponent iallaw.
(e) Basi cknowl edgeaboutr adi oact ivityand
isot opes
Nat ur alradi o-act ivity,ar tif
icialr adi oact ivi ty,
isot opesi nmedi caluse.
(f) Det ect ionandmeasur ement
 ofr
adi
ati
on&absor
peddose

5
 Roent gen,r ad,gr ay,bequer rel ,RBE.REM,absor ped
dose and ot her s uni ts ofexposur es.The st andar d
ionisat i
on chamber s. dosi met er . G. M. count er ,
scint il
lat ion count er and ot her s met hods of
det ect ion & measur ement of r adi at ion and
absor peddose.
(
g) Radi at ionhazar ds
Physi calandchemi calbasi sofhazar ds,i mmedi at eef fect
,lat
e
effect, l
ocalef fect .gener alef fect ,somat i
cef fect ,genet iceffect
s.
(
h) Pr ot ect ionf rom r adi ationhazar ds:
Backgr ound r adi ation,maxi mum per mi ssibl e dose,
prot ective shi eldi ng i n r adi o- gr aphi c i nst allation,
per sonnel pr ot ect ion f r
om exposur e t o x- rays,
prot ection of pat ient i n di agnost ic r adiol ogy.
Prot ection ofgener alpubl icf rom r adiation atl ar ge.
Radi ationmoni ter ing,pr otect ionsur veys.
(
B)Radi ogr aphy
(
a) X-r ayf ilm,f ilm hol der sandscr eens
Composi ti
on and t ypes of f il
m, handl ing of
unexposedf ilms,f ilm hol der s,i nt ensi fyingscr een,
flur oscopi c scr een.i nt ensi ficat ion f actor s,i mage
ampl i
fiersi ncl udi ngt el evisi ont echni ques.
(
b) Dar kr oom f ilm pr ocessi nganddar kr oom er r ors:
Locat ion of dar kr oom bui ldi ng,essent ials,si ze,
vent il
ation,l ight eni ng,appar at us and equi pment sf or
darkr oom,r adi ogr aphi c phot ogr aphy and chemi st ry,
manualpr ocessi ng.devel opment ,r insi ng,f ixat ion,
washi ng,dr ying,dar kr oom er ror sandpr ecaut ions
requi r
ed, aut omat edpr ocessi ng, silverr ecover y.
(
c) Radi ogr aphi ci mage
Pr i
mar yr adi ol ogi cali mage,i magespr oducedby
tissues,i magespr oducedbycont rastmedi a.
(
d) Radi ogr aphi cqual ity
Densi ty,cont rast ,def inition,di st ortions and f act or s
affect i
ngt hem,char act eristiccur veofr adi ogr aphi c
mat eri
al s,speed,l at itudeandgamma,ofaf ilm.
(
e) Devi cesf ori mpr ovi ngr adi ogr aphi cqual ity
Scat teredr adi at i
on,r emovalofscat teredr adi ationby
grids,st at ionar yandmovi nggr ids.gr i
dr atio.Reduct i
on
ofscat t
er edr adi ationbyai rgap( obj ect -fi
lm di st ance)
and l i
mi tat ion of pr imar y beam,cone,col l
imat or ,
diaphr agm.Ot her smet hodsofenhanci ngr adi ogr aphi c
qual it
y,heelef f
ect s,f ilters.
6
 f. Speci alequi pmentandt echniques
Di agnost ic ult rasound, i sot ope scanni ng,
tomogr aphy,comput ed t omogr aphy ( CT) ,sof t
tissue radi ogr aphy, xeror adiography,
Ther mogr aphy, phot ofluor agraph, f oreign body,
local i
sat ion,Di gitalr adiogr aphy,magnet icr esonence
(MR) ,di gitalsubt ractionangi ogr
aphy( DSA)et c.
PaperIII:Pat hology ,Immunol ogy&Genet i
cs; Microbi ol
ogy;
Physi ologyandBi ochemi str
y.
A. Gener alPat hology
Nor malcel l
Causeofdi sease, cell
-responset oi njury.Connect ive
tissue
Nor mal structureand
af fect sofdi sease.
Inf lammat ion
I
nflammat or yr eact ion,woundheal i
ng,chr oni c
inf l
ammat ion,acut epyogeni cinfecti
on, Disor ders
ofgr owt h
Tumour s
Ef fect sofi oni sing
radi ationDi sor der s
ofmet abol ism.
Di sor der sof
nut rition,Di sor der s
ofendocr ine
funct ion,
Cal ci um met abol ism andhet erotrophi ccal cificat
ion,
Thr ombosi s,
embol i
sm,
Ischaemi a
andi nf arction,
Congest i
ve
hear tf ai l
ur e,
Renalf ailure,
Respi rat i
ryf ai l
ur e,
Cal culi
Di sor der sofbl ood.
B. Immunol ogy
Immuner esponse( humor alandcel lul ar),
Immunodef iciency.
Immunosuppr essi on,
Or gant rans- plant ati
onandpl athophysi ologyof
rej ect ion.
 7
C. GeneticsAsappl
iedt
oradi
ologi
cal
andi
magi
ngpr
act
ice.
D. Systemt i
cpat hol
ogyThoser
elat
edt
othe
commonr
adiol
ogicalcondi
ti
ons.
Like muscul oskel et
alsyst em,gastrointesti
nalsystem,
cardi
ovascularsystem,respi
rat
orysy
stem,genit
ouri
nar
ysyst
em,
nervoussyst em,endocr i
nesystem andbr east,ski
nand
subcutaneoust i
ssueetc.

E.Bact er i
ologyandvi rol
ogy.
Knowl edgeofbact er
ia,
vir
us,
fungusi
nrel
ati
ont
othecommon
radi
ologicalpract
ice.

F.Parasitology
Parasi
tesi
nr el
ati
ontot
hecommonr adiol
ogi
calcondi
ti
ons,
e.g.
Hydati
ddisease,Amebi
asi
s,Fi
lar
iasi
s,Ascar
iasi
setc.

G. Haem atol ogyAsapl i

edto
r
adi
ologi
calandi
magingpr
act
ices.

H. Physi ologyandBi ochemistry

Candidat
esshouldhaveabasicknowl
edgeofthePhy
siol
ogyand
Biochemist
ryofal
lthesyst
emsofbodylike,

1.
Met
abol
ism :
2.
Car
diovascul
arsyst
em :

3.
Respi
rat
orysyst
em :

4.
Ner
vousSyst
em :

5.
Gast
roi
ntest
inalsyst
em :

6.
BloodandRet
icul
oendot
hel
ialSyst
em :

7.
RenalSyst
em :

8.
Endocr
ineSystem :
9.
Muscul
oskel
etalSystem :
8
Guidel
ineforset
tingquesti
onsinFCPS-Part-
I
Radiol
ogyandImagingwitheff
ectfr
om Jul
y,2004.
Chapt
erwisedi
str
ibut
ionofquest
ionsi
nFCPSPar
t-IRadi
ology
andImagi
ng.

PAPER-I
Anat
omy,Embr
yol
ogy,Hi
stol
ogyandBi
ost
ati
sti
cs

Chapt
er No.ofQuest
ion

1
. Embr
yol
ogy 4
2
. Hi
stol
ogy 3
3
. Ost
eol
ogy&Ar
thr
ology 7.
4
. Myol
ogy.Neur
ology 8
5
. GI
T 6
6
.Geni
tor
inar
ysyst
em 5
7
.Respi
rat
ory 6
8
.Car
diovascul
ar 5
9. Endocr
ine&Br
east 2
10.Bi
ost
ati
sti
cs 4

PAPER-II
Radi
ologicalPhysi
cs

Chapt
er No.of
Quest
ion
1.Matter
,cur
rent,magneti
sm, 6
e
2l
e
.ct
Rar
o
dma
iatgn
i
one
,t
i
Xs
-m:
r
ays,Int
eract
ionof 10
radi
ationwithmatter
,absor
ptionof
radi
a
3.Radi t
ion
oact.
i
vit
y,i
sot
opesabsorbeddose,
Radi
ati
onhazar
dsandpr
otect
ion 6
4.X-r
ayf
ilm,hol
ders,screens,
dar
k 10
room,
fil
m processing
5.Radi
ographicimageandqual
ity 8
devi
cesf ori
mprovi
ngradi
ographic
qual
it
6.Speciy:
alequi
pmentsandtechniques: 10
 PAPER-I
II

Pat
hol
ogy,I
mmunology&Geneti
cs,Mi
crobiol
ogy,
Physi
ologyandBi
ochemistry

Chapt
er No.of
ques
5 n
t
io
1.
Immunol
ogyandGenet
ics
2.
Gener
alPat
hol
ogy 12

3.
Haemat ol
ogical& 4
Ret
icul
oendrothel
ialdi
sor
der
s
4.
Syst
emi
cpat
hol
ogy 10
5.
Microbi
ology(
Bact
eri
ologyand 4
Vi
rol
ogy)
6.
Par asi
tology 3
7.
Physi
ologyandBi
ochemi
str
y 12

Det
ail
saspersy
llabusofFCPSPar
t-I(
Radi
ology&I
magi
ng)

10