Detailed Engineering Design of Bridge Design Calculation

F. Design of RCC Stoppers

Base width of stopper, b1 0.80 m
Top width of stopper,b2 0.80 m
Height above abutment cap, h2 0.80 m
Height above abutment cap, h1 1.49 m
Length of stopper, l 1.00 m
No. of RCC bearing stopper 2.00 Nos.
Total vertical load above abutment cap 2,319.10 kN
Horizontal force on the stopper above abutment cap @18% of vertical load
Factored Horizontal force on stopper 626.16 kN
2
Grade of concrete, f ck = M 30 30 N/mm
2
Grade of reinforcing steel, f yk Fe 500 500 N/mm
Clear Cover = 50 mm
Rebar dia. = 20 mm @ spacing of 125 mm C/C
Effective depth = 740 mm
Ultimate compressive strain in concrete, ε cu = 0.00350
Yield strain for steel, ε yd = f yd_uls /E s = 0.00217
X lim =ε cu /(ε cu +ε yd )*d eff = 456.48 mm
For an additional factor of safety, assuming an extra lateral force (F s ) in excess of
frictional resistance taking, α R =0.10 in worst case 347.87 kN
Difference in Factored Load 278.29 kN
Factored Moment at base of stopper 222.63 kNm
Coefficient for compressive force block (rectangle/parabolic), β 1 = 0.8095
Coefficient for center of compressive block, β 2 = 0.4160
K = 0.166 d reqd = 211.44 mm < 740 mm (d provided ) Hence, OK
2
Design tensile stress of steel (for ULS), f yd_uls f yk /1.15= 434.8 N/mm
2
Design concrete stress for Ultimate Limit State, f cd_uls 13.4 N/mm
2
Ultimate Neutral Axis, X u = (d eff /2β 2 )-sqrt[(d eff /2β 2 ) -M u /(β 1 β 2 *B*f cd )] = 28.18 mm
Lever arm, Z u = d eff - β 2 *X u = 728.28 mm
2
Mean compressive strength of concrete, f cm 40 N/mm
2
Design tensile strength of concrete, f ctm 2.50 N/mm
Minimum required A s,min =
2
0.26 (f ctm /f yk )*bd eff = 962.24 mm
2
0.0013*bd eff = 962.00 mm
2
Minimum required A s,min = 962.24 mm
2
Area of steel required = 962.24 mm
2
Area of steel provided = 2,513.27 mm
Hence, OK
Detailed Engineering Design of Bridge Design Calculation

Shear Stress Check:

Factored Horizontal force 278.29 kN
2
Axial compressive stress σ cp - N/mm
Reinforcement ratio, ρ 1 = A st /b w d 0.00340
  200
𝐾 =1+ ≤ 2.0 1.52
𝑑
/ / 2
𝜈 = 0.031𝐾 𝑓 0.32 N/mm

Design shear resistance without shear rebar, V Rd.c =

.
𝑉 . = 0.12𝐾 80𝜌 . 𝑓 + 0.15𝜎 𝑏 .𝑑 269.73 kN
Maximum of
𝑉 . = 𝜈 + 0.15𝜎 𝑏 .𝑑 235.43 kN

⸫Design shear resistance without shear rebar, V Rd.c = 269.73 kN

< 278.29 kN
Shear Reinforcement Required
Design of shear reinforcement: members requiring design shear reinforcement
2
Providing 2 L - ϕ 16 mm @ spacing of 150 mm C/C giving area of 2,680.83 mm
α cw = 1
Net Shear Force for stirrups, V Ed 278.29 kN
ν 1 = 0.6*[1-f ck /310] = 0.542
o 2
At θ = 45 , Maximum permissible shear stress =0.225*ν 1 *f ck = 3.66 N/mm
2
Applied shear stress, V u = V Ed /(b w .Z u ) 0.38 N/mm
Section is OK
𝑉
Actual angle of shear plane = 𝜃 = 0.5 sin = 2.998 degree
0.225𝜈 𝑓

Hence, governing angle of plane for shear design, θ = 21.80 degree = 0.380 rad

2
A sw = 402.12 mm
S = 150 mm
2
f ywd = 434.78 N/mm
z = 666.00 mm
Hence, from the above relations,
V Rd.s = 1,940.82 kN
Design shear resistance = Smaller of
V Rd.max = 1,667.65 kN

⸫ Provided shear capacity due to yielding of shear rebars = 1,667.65 kN

Hence, the shear resistance of the section with shear reinforcement = 1,937.38 kN
> 278.29 kN
Shear Reinforcement OK