Professional Documents
Culture Documents
RESOURCE UNIT IN
NURSING ETHICS & JURISPRUDENCE
NF Cañizares, BSN, RN, MAN
NURSING ETHICS
Main Concept:
• Nursing Ethics is concerned with the principles and right conduct as they
apply to the nursing profession. It reinforces the nurses’ ideals and motives in
order to maximize the affectivity of their service.
• Nursing
Nursing Jurispruden
Jurisprudence ce is that department of law which comprises all the
legal rules and principles
principles affecting the practice of nursing.
nursing. It also includes the
the
interp
interpret
retati
ation
on of all these
these rules
rules and princi
principle
ples
s and their
their applic
applicati
ation
on to the
regulation of the practice of nursing.
Course Objectives:
At the end of 20 hours, the students should:
1. Be sens
sensiitive
tive to ethi
ethic
cal consi
onside
dera
rati
tion
onss and
and facface ethi
thical
cal issu
issuees and
and
responsibility in health care, community work, and public issues.
Specifically, the student will be able to:
a. Expl
Explai
ain
n bi
bioe
oeth
thic
ical
al conc
concep
epts
ts and
and ppri
rinc
ncip
iple
les
s and
and iint
nteg
egra
rate
te them
them in
clinical practice.
b. Apply the steps in ethical decision-making when given an
ethical issue
c. Anal
An alyz
yze
e comm
common on bioe
bioeth
thic
ical
al issue
issuess aff
affec
ecti
ting
ng nurs
nursin
ing
g pra
practctic
ice
e
2. Be able to integrate
integrate a basic understa
understanding
nding of nursing
nursing law, develop
develop skills
skills in
the applic
applicati
ation
on of legal,
legal, ethico
ethico-mo
-moral
ral princi
principle
pless in nursin
nursingg practi
practice
ce and
recognize the importance of these principles in the nursing profession.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
1. Profession – an occu
occupa
pati
tion
on or call
callin
ing
g requ
requir
irin
ing
g adva
advanc
nce
e trai
traini
ning
ng and
expe
experirien
ence
ce in some
some speci
specifi
fic
c or spspec
ecia
iali
lize
zedd body
body of know
knowle
ledg
dge
e whic
which
h
provides service to society in that specific field.
2. Vocation – an occupation of calling.
3. Ethics – refers to a standard to examine and understand moral life.
4. Morality – refe
refers
rs to soci
social
al cons
consen
ensu
sus
s about
about mora
morall cond
conduc
uctt for
for huma
humann
beings and society.
5. Profession
Professional al Ethics – a bran
branch
ch of mora
morall sc
scie
ienc
nce
e conc
concer
erne
nedd with
with the
the
obligations that a member of the profession owes to the public.
6. Health Care Ethics – the division of ethics that relates to human health.
7. Bio-Ethics – a specific domain of ethics that focuses on moral issues in the
field of health care.
8. Nursing Ethics – related to all the principles of right conduct as they apply
to the profession.
9. Nursing Profession – the performance for a fee, salary or other reward or
compensation or professional nursing service to individuals, families and
communities in various stages of development. The promotion of health,
NFC JUNE 2010
2
A. Autonomy
• Comes from the Greek word “autos” meaning self and “nomos”
meaning governance.
• It involves self-determination and freedom to choose and implement
one’s decision, free from deceit, duress, constraint or coercion.
B. Veracity
• To maximize the efficiency of health care, the patient and the health
care providers are bound to tell the truth.
• The patient has the responsibility to provide, to the best of his
knowledge, accurate and complete information about his complaints,
past illness, previous hospitalizations, medications taken, allergies,
religious restrictions, and other matters relevant to his health.
C. Beneficence / Peace Education
• The principle of beneficence promotes doing acts of kindness and
mercy that directly benefit the patient.
• These acts promote the health of the patient, prevent illness or
complications, alleviate suffering and assist towards peaceful death if
the inevitable comes.
D. Nonmaleficence
• Is stated as an admonition in the negative form to remind health
practitioners to do no harm.
E. Justice
• Refers to the right to demand to be treated justly, fairly and equally.
1. Importance:
It strongly emphasizes the four-fold responsibility of nurse, the
universality of the nursing practice, the scope of their responsibilities
to the people they serve, to their co-workers, to society and
environment, and to their profession.
2. Brief History:
a. 1982
• The Philippine Nurses Association Special Committee, under the
chairmanship of Dean Emeritus Julita V. Sotejo, developed a Code of
Ethics for Filipino nurses.
b. 1984
NFC JUNE 2010
4
PRINCIPLES:
1. Nurses and People
2. Nurses and Practice
3. Nurses and Co-Workers
4. Nurses and the Society
a. Contributing members of the society
b. Awareness for the call for change
5. Nurses and the Profession
6. Responsibility of the Nurse to Patient
7. Responsibility of the Nurse to the Physician
8. Responsibility of the Nurse to her Colleagues
9. Responsibility of the nurse toward themselves
THE ICN CODE FOR NURSES [2006] & THE UNIVERSAL
PRINCIPLES IN NURSING
1. Nurses and People
• Nursing care
• Environment that respects the rights, values, and spiritual beliefs of
patients
• Informed consent/ information dissemination
• Confidentiality
PATIENT’S RESPONSIBILITIES
1. Providing information
2. Complying with instructions
3. Informing the physician of refusal to treatment
4. Paying hospital charges
5. Following hospital rules and regulations
6. Showing respect and consideration
5. Nurses have the right to fair compensation for their work, consistent with
their knowledge, experience and professional responsibilities.
6. Nurses have the right to a work environment that is safe for themselves
and their patients.
7. Nurses have the right to negotiate the conditions of their employment,
either individuals or collectively, in all practice settings.
• Section 28(a) of RA 9173 states that: It shall be the duty of the nurse to:
(a) Provide nursing care through utilization of the nursing process. Nursing
care includes, but not limited to, traditional and innovative approaches,
therapeutic and innovative approaches, therapeutic use of self, executing
health care techniques and procedures, comfort measures, health
teachings, and administration of written prescription for treatment,
therapies, oral, topical and parental medications, internal examination
during labor in the absence of antenatal bleeding and delivery. In case of
suturing or perineal laceration, special training shall be provided according
to protocol established.
MORAL PRINCIPLES
1. The Golden Rule
2. The Two-fold Effect
3. The Principle of Totality
4. Epikia
5. One who acts through an agent is himself responsible
6. No one is obliged to betray himself/herself
NFC JUNE 2010
9
JURISPRUDENCE
A. Definition of Terms
1. Law – the sum total of rules and regulations by which society is governed.
2. Jurisprudence – the science of law.
3. Nursing Jurisprudence – that department of law which comprises all
the legal rules and principles affecting the practice of nursing. It also
includes the interpretation of all these rules and principles and their
application to the regulation of the practice of nursing.
4. Plaintiff – the party to a civil suit who brings the suit seeking damages or
other legal relief; complainant. (ACCUSER)
5. Defendant – (In criminal case) the person accused of committing a
crime; (In civil suit) the party against whom suit is brought demanding that
he pays the other party legal relief.
6. Subpoena – a court order requiring one to appear in court to give
testimony.
7. Summons – a notice to a defendant ordering him to speak in a court at a
specified time and date to answer a complaint against him.
CLASSIFICATION OF LAWS:
Republic Act No. 2808 dated March 1, 1919 – an act regulating the practice of
nursing profession in the Philippines otherwise known as the Nursing Law (this is
first considered as the first Nursing Law).
Significance of this Law
• The first board of examinees for nurses was created composed of three
members appointed by the Secretary of Interior (one doctor of medicine
as chairman and two members who are registered nurses, had
experience in the nursing profession for at least five years of reputable
character)
Republic Act No. 4007 dated December 5, 1931 (Reorganization Law) – took
effect the conduct of board examination and placed the direct supervision of the
Bureau of Civil Service.
These events laid the foundation for RA 7164 with Senator Heherson Alvarez as
primary sponsor. It was finally passed in the lower house and appraisal in
November 21, 1991 by Pres. Corazon Aquino “Nursing as a dynamic profession
continues to seek ways and means to make it more responsive and relevant. This
is the prime motive for the birth of RA 9173 – sponsored by Hon. Carlos M. Padilla
of the House of Representatives. Said bill was approved on the third meeting by
the low House on August 22, 2000 but was not acted upon by the Senate.
The counterpart bill in the Senate (SB No. 2292) with Senator Flavier as sponsor.
The BM and PNA and Legislation Committee worked and put the bill in its final
form. The Pres. GM Arroyo during the 80th Anniversary of the Nurses Week
celebration on October 21, 2002 in Manila Midtown Hotel.
TORTS
– a legal wrong, committed against a person or property independent of a
contract which renders the person who commits it liable for damages in a
civil action.
Examples of Torts:
CLASSIFICATION OF FELONY:
A. According to Degree of the acts of Execution:
1. Consummated – when all the elements necessary for its execution and
accomplishment are present.
2. Frustrated – when the offender performs all the acts or execution which
will produce the felony as a consequence but which nevertheless, do not
produce it by reason of causes independent of the will of the perpetrator.
3. Attempt – when the offender commences the commission of the same
directly overt (open or manifest) acts, and does not perform all the acts
or execution which shall produce the felony, by reason of some cause or
accident other than his own spontaneous desistance.
REFERENCES:
1. Lydia M. Venzon, RN, MAN, PhD, FPCHA and Ronald M. Venzon
Professional Nursing in the Philippines
11th Edition, C&E Publishing Corp., 2010
10th Edition, C&E Publishing Corp., 2005
2. Rustico T. De Belen and Donna Vivian De Belen
Nursing Law, Jurisprudence & Professional Ethics
1st Edition, C&E Publishing Corp., 2007
3. DOH Nursing Service Manual, 2005
4. Kozier, Erb, Berman and Snyder
Fundamentals of Nursing: Concepts, Process and Practice
8th Edition, C&E Publishing Corp
5. Commission on Higher Education CHED Memorandum Order (CMO) no. 14, S.
2009
6. Commission on Higher Education CHED Memorandum Order (CMO) no. 30, S.
2001