DIXAX IXA CIMF _nrskm` 7.8 © 984; DIXAX Djj Yklets Ynsnrvng
 

Lukgn tm ten

Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t

Cmaam` Imgy mo F`mwjngln

DIXAX IXA CIMF

DIXAX IXA CIMF _nrskm` 7.8 © 984; DIXAX Djj Yklets Ynsnrvng 

9
 

Cmpyrklet  
Cmpyrklet © iy DIXAX 988;  – 984;. Djj rklets rnsnrvng.

Weks rnonrn`cn immf ks ten cmpyrkletng prmpnrty mo ten Dssmckdtkm` mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t
Xrmonsskm`djs. Djj adtnrkdj ks prmtnctng iy cmpyrklet d`g pnraksskm` semujg in mitdk`ng k` wrktk`l prkmr
tm d`y rnprmguctkm`, stmrdln k` d rntrknvdj systna, mr trd`saksskm` k` d`y omra iy d`y and`s. Ynqunsts
semujg in adgn iy cm`tdctk`l ten DIXAX termule ten wnisktn.
w nisktn.

www.dipap.mrl
www.dipap.mrl  

KSI@-432 ;<54<8758;379 

Wrdgnadrfs
Wen omjjmwk`l drn rnlkstnrng trdgnadrfs mo ten Dssmckdtkm` mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t
Xrmonsskm`djs.

IXA CIMF®
Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Cmaam` Imgy mo F`mwjngln®
IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj®
CIXD®
CIXJ®
CIXX®

Cdpdikjkty Adturkty Amgnj® ks d rnlkstnrng trdgnadrf mo ten Cdr`nlkn Anjjm` ^`kvnrskty‛s Smotwdrn
N`lk`nnrk`l K`stktutn.

Nxcnj®, XmwnrXmk`t®, \mrg®, d`g _kskm® drn rnlkstnrng trdgnadrfs mo Akcrmsmot Cmrpmrdtkm`.

XAIMF® ks d rnlkstnrng trdgnadrf mo ten Xrmbnct Ad`dlnan`t K`stktutn, K`c.

SCMY® d`g GCMY® drn rnlkstnrng trdgnadrfs mo ten DSCA (Dssmckdtkm` mo Suppjy Cedk` Ad`dlnan`t)
dsca.mrl.

Wdjjyoy® ks d rnlkstnrng trdgnadrf mo Wdjjyoy, K`c.

Djj mtenr adrfs d`g prmtnctng prmguct `dans drn trdgnadrfs mr rnlkstnrng tr
trdgnadrfs
dgnadrfs mo tenkr
rnspnctkvn emjgnrs.

3
 

Wdijn mo Cm`tn`ts
4  Wen IXA Xrmonsskm`dj2 Cdrnnr Xdte Drcektncturn 9> 

4.4  F`mwjngln Drnds mo ten IXA CIMF 95 

4.4.4  Mvnrvknw mo IXA CIMF F`mwjngln Drnds 9; 

4.4.9  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t 9; 

4.4.3  Xrmcnss Amgnjk`l 9; 

4.4.7  Xrmcnss D`djysks 9; 

4.4.>  Xrmcnss Gnskl` 9; 

4.4.?  Xrmcnss Xnromrad`cn Andsurnan`t 38 

4.4.<  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Wrd`somradtkm` 38 

4.4.5  Wnce`mjmly d`g Wrd`somradtkm` 38 

4.4.;  Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Mrld`kzdtkm` d`g Cujturn 34 

4.4.48  N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t 34 

4.9  IXA Sfkjjs d`g Cmapntn`ckns (IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj) 34 

4.3  DIXAX IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm` Jnvnjs 39 

9  K`trmguctkm` 37 

9.4  \edt Ks d Imgy mo F`mwjngln= 37 

9.9  \edt Ks ten IXA CIMF Lukgn= 37 

9.9.4  Xurpmsn mo ten IXA CIMF Lukgn  3> 

9.9.9  Mrld`kzdtkm` mo Snctkm`s 3> 

9.3  \ey IXA Adttnrs 3? 

9.7  Wen IXA Xrmonsskm`dj Spdcn 3? 

3  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t 35 

3.4  \edt Ks IXA= 35 

3.4.4  Scmpn mo IXA K`ktkdtkvns 35 

3.4.9  Gnok`ktkm` 3; 

3.4.3  Cmrn Xrk`ckpjns mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t 3; 

3.4.7  Emw Mrld`kzdtkm`s Semujg Dpprmdce Iusk`nss Ced`ln 78 

3.4.>  Wen IXA Jkon Cycjn Ordanwmrf 78 

3.4.>.4  Xedsn 42 Djkl`an`t tm Strdtnly d`g Lmdjs 78 

3.4.>.9  Xedsn 92 Drcektnct Ced`lns 74 

7
 

3.4.>.3  Xedsn 32 Gnvnjmp K`ktkdtkvns 74 

3.4.>.7  Xedsn 72 Kapjnan`t Ced`lns 74 

3.4.>.>  Xedsn >2 Andsurn Succnss 74 

Djkl`an`t mo F`mwjngln Drnds tm IXA Jkon Cycjn Xedsns 74 

3.4.?  Wypns mo Xrmcnssns 79 

3.4.?.4  Xrkadry Xrmcnssns (98%) 79 

3.4.?.9  Suppmrt Xrmcnssns (<8%) 79 

3.4.?.3  Ad`dlnan`t Xrmcnssns (48%) 73 

3.4.<  Wypns mo Dctkvktkns 73 

3.4.<.4  _djun Dggk`l 73 

3.4.<.9  Ed`gmoo 73 

3.4.<.3  Cm`trmjs d`g Cm`trmj Dctkvktkns 73 

3.4.5  IXA Ks d Ad`dlnan`t Gksckpjk`n 77 

3.4.5.4  Xrmcnss Mw`nr 7> 

3.4.5.9  Xrmcnss Jndgnr 75 

3.4.5.3  Xrmcnss Stnwdrg 7; 

3.4.5.7  Xrmcnss D`djyst >8 

3.4.5.>  Xrmcnss Lmvnr`mr >8 

3.4.;  IXA Jk`fs Strdtnly tm Nxncutkm` >4 

3.4.;.4  Snlan`tk`l Iusk`nss Xrmcnssns omr Strdtnly Nxncutkm` >7 

3.4.;.9  Strdtnly-Grkvn` Gnskl` d`g Kapjnan`tdtkm` >< 

3.4.;.3  IXA-Gksckpjk`n tm Sustdk` Strdtnlkc _djun ?4 

3.4.;.7  Nxncutkvn Cmaaktan`t ?3 

3.4.48  Grkvnrs mo Iusk`nss Ced`ln ?7 

3.4.44  K`tnr`dj ?7 

3.4.44.4  Strdtnly Adps ?> 

3.4.44.9  Xmrtnr‛s _djun Cedk` D`djysks  ?> 

3.4.49  Nxtnr`dj ?< 

3.4.49.4  Xmrtnr‛s Okvn Omrcns  ?< 

3.4.49.9  S\MW <9 

7  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Amgnjk`l <> 

7.4.4  ^sn mo Xrmcnss Amgnjs <> 

>
 

7.4.9  Xrmcnss Amgnj Cm`tn`ts <? 

7.4.3  Kgn`tkoyk`l d Xrmcnss Amgnj <? 

7.4.3.4  Stdtkc _nrsus Gy`dakc Amgnjs << 

7.4.3.9  Gy`dakc Amgnjs << 

7.4.3.3  Gy`dakc Amgnjk`l Wmmjs << 

7.4.3.7  Cmaik`k`l Stdtkc d`g Gy`dakc Amgnjs << 

7.9  Xrmcnss Ynpmsktmry Cmapm`n`ts d`g Wmmjs << 

7.9.4  Cdpturk`l Xrmcnss Cmapm`n`ts << 

7.9.9  \edt Ks d Ynpmsktmry= << 

7.9.9.4  \ey Gm Mrld`kzdtkm`s @nng d Xrmcnss Ynpmsktmry= <5 

7.9.9.9  Fny Njnan`ts mo Lmmg Ynpmsktmry2 <; 

7.9.9.3  Kgn`tkoy ten ^sdln 58 

7.9.9.7  Scmpn ten Cm`tn`t 58 

7.9.3  Gnok`k`l d Std`gdrg Omradt 54 

7.9.3.4  Snjnct ten Ynpmsktmry Ad`dlnan`t Wmmjs 54 

7.9.3.9  Ok`djkzn ten Xrmcnss Ynpmsktmry Lmvnr`d`cn 54 

7.9.7  Kgn`tkoyk`l Mutcman-Idsng ^sdln Scn`drkms 59 

7.9.>  Scmpk`l ten Yklet Xrmcnss F`mwjngln Cm`tn`t 53 

7.9.>.4  Emw tm Structurn Cm`tn`t 57 

7.9.>.9  ^sk`l Ynonrn`cn Amgnjs 5> 

7.9.?  Gnok`k`l Xrmcnss F`mwjngln Drcektncturn 5> 

7.9.?.4  Cmaam`jy-^sng Drcektncturn Njnan`ts 5? 

7.9.<  Snjnctk`l ten Yklet Ynpmsktmry d`g Amgnjjk`l Wmmj 55 

7.9.<.4  Wypns mo Ynpmsktmry Wmmjs 5; 

7.9.<.9  Emw tm Snjnct ten Yklet Wmmj omr [mur Mrld`kzdtkm` ;8 

7.9.5  Ynpmsktmry Lmvnr`d`cn ;8 

7.9.5.4  Xrmcnss Lmvnr`d`cn ;8 

7.9.5.9  Iusk`nss Drcektncturn Ynjdtng Antemgs d`g Cm`vn`tkm`s ;4 

7.9.5.3  Xrmcnss Lmvnr`d`cn d`g Ynpmsktmry Lmvnr`d`cn ;4 

7.9.;  Am`ktmrk`l Ynpmsktmry ^sdln d`g Nxpd`skm` ;3 

7.9.48  Ynpmsktmry Inst Xrdctkcns ;3 

7.9.44  Ynpmsktmry Antrkcs ;7 

?
 

7.3  Xrmcnss Amgnjk`l Wmmj Cdpdikjktkns ;7 

7.7  Xurpmsn mo Xrmcnss Amgnjk`l ;7 

7.7.4  Xrmcnss Amgnjk`l Ks d And`s tm Iusk`nss N`gs ;> 

7.>  Cmaam`jy ^sng Xrmcnss Amgnjk`l @mtdtkm`s ;? 

7.>.4.4  Lukgnjk`ns omr Snjnctk`l d Amgnjk`l @mtdtkm` ;< 

7.>.9  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Amgnj d`g @mtdtkm` (IXA@) 9.8 ;< 

7.>.3  Swka Jd`ns ;; 

7.>.7  Ojmwcedrtk`l 488 

7.>.>  Nvn`t-Grkvn` Xrmcnss Cedk` (NXC) 484 

7.>.?  ^`kokng Amgnjk`l Jd`ludln (^AJ) 483 

7.>.<  KGNO8 487 

7.>.5  _djun Strnda Adppk`l 48? 

7.>.;  Spnckdjkzng Dpprmdcens k` Xrmcnss Amgnjk`l 48< 

7.>.48  _djun Cedk` 48< 

7.>.44  SKXMC 485 

7.>.49  Systna Gy`dakcs 48; 

7.?  Xrmcnss Amgnj Jnvnjs 444 

7.?.4  Dsskl`k`l Xrmcnss K`omradtkm` 444 

7.?.9  Djkl`k`l Xrmcnss K`omradtkm` 444 

7.?.9.4  Jnvnjs _dry k` @uainr d`g @dan 444 

7.?.3  Inst Xrdctkcn2 Iusk`nss Amgnjk`l Std`gdrgs 449 

7.?.7  D` Nxdapjn Snt mo Amgnj Jnvnjs 443 

7.?.7.4  K`tnlrdtk`l Xrmcnss Amgnjs 443 

7.?.7.9  Xrmcnss Ynpmsktmry Adk`tdk`s Djkl`an`t 443 

7.?.7.3  N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Amgnjs 443 

7.<  Iusk`nss Drcektncturn Djkl`an`t d`g Cdpdikjkty Adp Gnvnjmpan`t 44< 

7.<.4  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Amgnjs 44; 

7.<.4.4  Iusk`nss Xnrspnctkvn 44; 

7.<.4.9  \edt Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Amgnjs K`cjugn 44; 

7.<.9  \mrfojmw Amgnjs 498 

7.<.9.4  Mpnrdtkm`s Xnrspnctkvn 498 

7.<.9.9  \edt \mrfojmw Amgnjs K`cjugn 498 

<
 

7.<.9.3  Ymjjk`l ^p Dctkvktkns 498 

7.<.9.7  Gntdkjs Injmw ten \mrfojmw Amgnj 498 

7.<.3  Wdsf Stnps 498 

7.<.3.4  \edt ten Wdsf Stnps Jnvnj K`cjugns 498 

7.<.7  \mrfnr Xnrspnctkvn 494 

7.<.7.4  Wdsf Stnps d`g \mrf Xnromrang 494 

7.5  Cdpturk`l Xrmcnss K`omradtkm` d`g Amgnjk`l Xdrtkckpd`ts 499 

7.5.4  Gkrnct Misnrvdtkm` 499 

7.5.9  K`tnrvknws 499 

7.5.3  Survny mr \rkttn` Onngidcf 499 

7.5.7  Structurng \mrfsemps 493 

7.5.>  \ni-Idsng Cm`onrn`ck`l 493 

7.5.?  Xrmcnss Ak`k`l 493 

7.5.<  Amgnjk`l Xdrtkckpd`ts 497 

7.;  Ordanwmrfs d`g Ynonrn`cn Amgnjs 497 

7.;.4  Amgnjk`l \ktek` d Ordanwmrf 49> 

7.;.4.4  Cmapjnx Amgnjk`l Ordanwmrfs 49> 

7.;.4.9  Ordanwmrf Ad`dlnan`t d`g Cmapjkd`cn 49> 

7.;.9  ^sk`l d Ynonrn`cn Amgnj 49> 

7.48  Amgnjk`l Wnce`kquns d`g Wmmjs 49< 

7.48.4  Grdwk`l Wmmjs d`g Ynpmrts 49< 

7.44  Xrmcnss _djkgdtkm` d`g Skaujdtkm` 49< 

7.44.4  Xrmcnss Skaujdtkm` ^sns 49< 

7.44.9  Skaujdtkm` Wmmjs d`g N`vkrm`an`ts 49< 

7.44.3  Wnce`kcdj Skaujdtkm` d`g Jmdg D`djysks 495 

7.49  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Amgnjk`l Fny Cm`cnpts 495 

>  Xrmcnss D`djysks 438 

>.4  \edt Ks Xrmcnss D`djysks= 438 

>.4.4  \ey Gm Xrmcnss D`djysks= 434 

>.4.9  \en` tm Xnromra D`djysks 439 

>.4.9.4  Cm`tk`umus Am`ktmrk`l 439 

>.4.9.9  Nvn`t-Wrkllnrng D`djysks 439 

5
 

>.4.3  Xrmcnss D`djysks Ymjns 433 

>.4.3.4  Mptkadj Wnda Dttrkiutns 437 

>.4.3.9  D`djysks Ymjns d`g Ynspm`skikjktkns 437 

>.4.7  Xrnpdrk`l tm D`djyzn d Xrmcnss 43> 

>.4.>  Xrkmrktkzn ten Xrmcnss 43> 

>.4.?  Scmpn ten Gnpte mo ten D`djysks 43? 

>.4.<  ^sk`l Xrmcnss Ordanwmrfs omr D`djysks 43< 

>.4.5  Xnromrak`l ten D`djysks 43< 

>.4.5.4  Iusk`nss Cm`tnxt 43< 

>.4.5.9  Mrld`kzdtkm`dj Cujturn Cm`tnxt 435 

>.4.5.3  Xnromrad`cn Andsurnan`t 43; 

>.4.5.7  _drkdtkm` 479 

>.4.5.>  Cmst 479 

>.4.5.?  Euad` K`vmjvnan`t 479 

>.4.5.<  Xrmcnss Cm`trmjs 473 

>.4.5.5  Mtenr Odctmrs 477 

>.4.;  Ldtenrk`l K`omradtkm` 477 

>.4.;.4  K`tnrvknwk`l 477 

>.4.;.9  Misnrvk`l 477 

>.4.;.3  Ynsndrcek`l 47> 

>.4.48  D`djyzk`l ten Iusk`nss N`vkrm`an`t 47> 

>.4.48.4  S\MW 47> 

>.4.48.9  In`ceadrfk`l 47> 

>.4.48.3  Crktkcdj Succnss Odctmrs 47? 

>.4.48.7  Xmrtnr‛s _djun Cedk` D`djysks  47< 

>.4.44  D`djyzk`l K`omradtkm` Systnas 47< 

>.4.44.4  Gdtd Ojmw D`djysks 47< 

>.4.44.9  Iusk`nss Yujns 475 

>.4.44.3  Systnas Gmcuan`tdtkm` d`g Suktdikjkty omr ^sn 475 

>.4.44.7  Xrmcnss Ak`k`l 475 

>.4.49  D`djyzk`l ten Xrmcnss 475 

>.4.49.4  Cmst D`djysks 47; 

;
 

>.4.49.9  Ymmt Cdusn D`djysks 47; 

>.4.49.3  Cycjn Wkan D`djysks 4>8 

>.4.49.7  Sn`sktkvkty D`djysks 4>8 

>.4.49.>  Yksf D`djysks 4>4 

>.4.43  D`djyzk`l Euad` K`tnrdctkm`s 4>4 

>.4.43.4  Gkrnct Misnrvdtkm` 4>4 

>.4.43.9  Dpprn`tkcn Jndr`k`l 4>4 

>.4.43.3  Dctkvkty Skaujdtkm` 4>9 

>.4.43.7  \mrfpjdcn Jdymut D`djysks 4>9 

>.4.43.>  Ynsmurcn Djjmcdtkm` D`djysks 4>9 

>.4.43.?  Amtkvdtkm` d`g Ynwdrg D`djysks 4>3 

>.4.47  Gmcuan`t ten D`djysks 4>3 

>.4.4>  Dssnss Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Adturkty 4>7 

>.4.4?  Xrmcnss D`djysks Cm`skgnrdtkm`s 4>> 

>.4.4?.4  Nxncutkvn Jndgnrsekp 4>> 

>.4.4?.9  Mrld`kzdtkm`dj Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Adturkty 4>> 

>.4.4?.3  Dvmkg Gnskl`k`l Smjutkm`s Gurk`l D`djysks 4>? 

>.4.4?.7  Xdrdjysks orma D`djysks 4>< 

>.4.4?.>  Xrmpnr Wkan d`g Ynsmurcn Djjmcdtkm` 4>< 

>.4.4?.?  Custmanr Omcus 4>< 

>.4.4?.<  ^`gnrstd`gk`l Mrld`kzdtkm`dj Cujturn 4>5 

>.4.4<  Cm`cjuskm` 4>5 

>.4.45  Xrmcnss D`djysks Fny Cm`cnpts 4?8 

?  Xrmcnss Gnskl` 4?4 

?.4  \edt Ks Xrmcnss Gnskl`= 4?4 

?.4.4  Wen _djun mo Xrmcnss Gnskl` 4?4 

?.4.9  Xrmcnss Gnskl` Ymjns 4?3 

?.4.3  Xrnpdrk`l omr Xrmcnss Gnskl` 4?7 

?.4.3.4  Fny Dctkvktkns d`g d Ymdgadp omr Gnskl` 4?> 

?.4.7  Gnskl`k`l ten @nw Xrmcnss 4?> 

?.4.7.4  Gnok`k`l Dctkvktkns k` d @nw Xrmcnss 4?? 

?.4.7.9  Cmapdrksm` tm Nxkstk`l Xrmcnss 4?? 

48
 

?.4.7.3  Crndtk`l d Xeyskcdj Gnskl` 4?? 

?.4.7.7  KW K`ordstructurn D`djysks d`g Gnskl` 4?< 

?.4.7.>  Crndtk`l d` Kapjnan`tdtkm` Xjd` 4?< 

?.4.7.?  Amgnj Skaujdtkm` d`g Wnstk`l 4?5 

?.4.>  Xrmcnss Gnskl` Xrk`ckpjns 4?; 

?.4.>.4  Gnskl` orma ten Mutskgn-K` Stdrtk`l wkte Custmanr K`tnrdctkm`s 4?; 

?.4.>.9  Gnskl` Drmu`g _djun-Dggk`l Dctkvktkns 4?; 

?.4.>.3  Ak`kakzn Ed`gmoos 4<8 

?.4.>.7  Edvn \mrf Xnromrang \enrn kt Adfns ten Amst Sn`sn 4<8 

?.4.>.>  Xrmvkgn d Sk`ljn Xmk`t mo Cm`tdct 4<4 

?.4.>.?  Crndtn d Snpdrdtn Xrmcnss omr Ndce Cjustnr 4<4 

?.4.>.<  N`surn d Cm`tk`umus Ojmw 4<4 

?.4.>.5  Yngucn Idtce Skzn 4<4 

?.4.>.;  Irk`l Gmw`strnda K`omradtkm` @nngs ^pstrnda 4<9 

?.4.>.48  Cdpturn K`omradtkm` M`cn dt ten Smurcn d`g Sedrn Kt 4<9 

?.4.>.44  K`vmjvn ds Onw Dctmrs ds Xmsskijn 4<9 

?.4.>.49  Yngnskl`, ten` Dutmadtn 4<3 

?.4.>.43  N`surn Tudjkty dt ten Inlk``k`l 4<3 

?.4.>.47  Std`gdrgkzn Xrmcnssns 4<3 

?.4.>.4>  ^sn Cm-jmcdtng mr @ntwmrfng Wndas omr Cmapjnx Kssuns 4<3 

?.4.>.4?  Cm`skgnr Mutsmurck`l Iusk`nss Xrmcnssns 4<3 

?.4.?  Xrmcnss Drcektncturn Amgnj Jnvnjs 4<7 

?.4.<  Xrmcnss Yujns 4<< 

?.4.5  Skaujdtkm` mo Outurn Stdtn 4<< 

?.4.;  Xrmcnss Cmapjkd`cn 4<5 

?.4.48  Xrmcnss Gnskl` Succnss Odctmrs 4<5 

?.4.48.4  Nxncutkvn Jndgnrsekp 4<; 

?.4.48.9  Xrmcnss Mw`nrsekp 4<; 

?.4.48.3  K`cn`tkvn d`g Ynwdrgs 4<; 

?.4.48.7  Crmss-Ou`ctkm`dj Wndas 4<; 

?.4.48.>  Cm`tk`umus Kaprmvnan`t 458 

?.4.48.?  Cmaaktan`t tm K`vnstan`t 458 

44
 

?.4.48.<  Djkl`an`t wkte Strdtnly 458 

?.4.44  Cm`cjuskm`s 458 

?.4.49  Xrmcnss Gnskl` Fny Cm`cnpts 454 

<  Xrmcnss Xnromrad`cn Andsurnan`t 459 

<.4.4  Fny Xrmcnss Andsurnan`t Gnok`ktkm`s 459 

<.4.4.4  Nxdapjn2 Mrgnr-tm-Cdse Antrkcs 457 

<.9  Fny Xrmcnss Xnromrad`cn Gnok`ktkm`s 45> 

<.3  Djkl`an`t mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss d`g N`tnrprksn Xnromrad`cn 45< 

<.3.4  \edt tm Andsurn 45; 

<.3.4.4  Andsurnan`t Antemgs 4;8 

<.3.4.9  Wen _mkcn mo ten Xrmcnss 4;3 

<.3.9  Gnckskm` Suppmrt omr Xrmcnss Mw`nrs d`g Ad`dlnrs 4;< 

<.3.3  Idjd`cng Scmrncdrg 4;< 

<.3.7  Xrmcnss Xnromrad`cn Andsurnan`t Fny Cm`cnpts 988 

5  Wnce`mjmly d`g Wrd`somradtkm` 984 

5.4  Iusk`nss d`g Gklktdj Wrd`somradtkm` 984 

5.4.4  Iusk`nss Grkvn` Ced`ln vnrsus Wnce`mjmly N`dijng Ced`ln 989 

5.4.9  Nanrln`cn mo Cekno Gklktdj Mookcnr Ymjn 983 

5.9  Wnce`mjmly ds d` N`dijnr 987 

5.3  Iusk`nss Cdpdikjkty Gnvnjmpan`t 98> 

5.3.4  N`tnrprksn d`g Iusk`nss Drcektncturn Ad`dlnan`t 98> 

5.3.9  Jnvnjs mo Amgnjs 98; 

5.3.9.4  N`tnrprksn Amgnjs 98; 

5.3.9.9  Iusk`nss Amgnjs 948 

5.3.9.3  Mpnrdtkm`s d`g \mrfojmw Amgnjs 948 

5.3.9.7  Systnas Amgnjs 948 

5.3.9.>  Andsurnan`t d`g Cm`trmj Amgnjs 944 

5.3.3  Iusk`nss Drcektncturn Dpprmdce d`g Wmmjs 944 

5.3.3.4  Wen Kapdct Lrkg omr N`tnrprksn Iusk`nss Drcektncturn 949 

5.3.3.9  Wen Iusk`nss Amgnj Cd`vds 943 

5.3.3.3  Xmrtnr‛s Cmapntktkvn Strdtnly Adtrkx  94? 

5.3.3.7  Wen Cmenrn`cn Xrnakua 94< 

49
 

5.7  N`tnrprksn Wnce`mjmlkns 99> 

5.7.4  NYX 99? 

5.7.9  CYA 99< 

5.7.3  SCA 995 

5.7.7  IXA Wnce`mjmly 99; 

5.>  K`tnjjkln`t Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Suktns (kIXAS) 937 

5.>.4  kIXA Cdpdikjktkns 937 

5.>.9  Dgvd`cng D`djytkcs (Ikl Gdtd) 93> 

5.>.3  Gy`dakc Cdsn Ad`dlnan`t 93? 

5.>.7  Xrmcnss Ak`k`l 974 

5.>.>  Yujns N`lk`ns d`g Iusk`nss Yujn Ad`dlnan`t Systnas (IYAS) 977 

5.>.>.4  Yujns Ynpmsktmrkns d`g N`lk`ns 97? 

5.>.?  IXAS _n`gmrs 975 

5.?  @nwnr Wnce`mjmly Xjdtomras 97; 

5.?.4  Ymimtkc Xrmcnss Dutmadtkm` (YXD) 97; 

5.?.4.4  \edt YXD Smjvns 9>8 

5.?.4.9  YXD Wnce`mjmly Jd`gscdpn 9>9 

5.?.4.3  Dutmadtkm` vnrsus YXD 9>> 

5.?.4.7  Xrmcnss Snjnctkm` Crktnrkd omr YXD 9>? 

5.?.4.>  YXD _djun Xrmpmsktkm` 9>? 

5.?.4.?  YXD Wmmj Snjnctkm` 9>< 

5.?.4.<  Kapjnan`tdtkm` mo YXD 9>< 

5.?.4.5  Ln`nrdj ^sns mo YXD 9>5 

5.?.4.;  K`gustry-Spnckokc ^sns mo YXD 9>5 

5.?.4.48  Okvn Yndsm`s YXD Gnpjmyan`ts Odkj 9>; 

5.?.4.44  Inst Xrdctkcns omr YXD 9>; 

5.?.4.49  Gklktdj Xrmcurnan`t Ynsndrce ^sk`l YXD 9?8 

5.?.9  Ijmcfcedk` 9?9 

5.?.9.4  Ijmcfcedk` k` ten Suppjy Cedk` 9<7 

5.?.3  Drtkokckdj K`tnjjkln`cn (DK) d`g Adcek`n Jndr`k`l 9<> 

5.?.7  Iusk`nss K`tnjjkln`cn vnrsus Drtkokckdj K`tnjjkln`cn 9<5 

5.?.>  DK, Adcek`n Jndr`k`l, d`g Gnnp Jndr`k`l 958 

43
 

5.?.>.4  Wypns mo Adcek`n Jndr`k`l 954 

5.?.>.9  Cmaam` Adcek`n Jndr`k`l Djlmrkteas 953 

5.?.>.3  Gnnp Jndr`k`l Amgnjs 95> 

5.?.>.7  Suppjy Cedk` Nxdapjn wkte Nklet Crktnrkd omr Dceknvk`l Succnss wkte DK 955 

5.?.?  Cm`vnrln`cn mo IXA d`g DK 9;8 

5.?.?.4  Akcrmsnrvkcns 9;4 

5.?.<  K`tnr`nt mo Wek`ls (KmW) 9;3 

5.?.<.4  Wernn Cdtnlmrkns mo Wek`ls 9;3 

5.?.<.9  Skx Cdtnlmrkns mo Cm``nctng Wek`ls 9;7 

5.?.<.3  Cedjjn`lns mo Cm``nctng Wek`ls 9;> 

5.?.<.7  KmW Drcektncturn 9;> 

5.?.<.>  KmW d`g Wen Suppjy Cedk` 9;5 

5.?.5  Wnce`mjmly d`g Wrd`somradtkm` Fny Cm`cnpts 9;; 

;  Iukjgk`l d Xrmcnss-Mrkn`tng Mrld`kzdtkm` d`g Cujturn 389 

;.4  Jndgnrsekp Gnvnjmpan`t 383 

;.9  Cujturn Ced`ln 387 

;.3  Wernn Jnvnjs mo Mrld`kzdtkm`dj Ced`ln d`g N`ldlnan`t 38> 

;.7  Wen Xrmcnss-Grkvn` Mrld`kzdtkm` 38? 

;.7.4  N`tnrprksn Xnromrad`cn Adtrkx 38< 

;.>  Mrld`kzdtkm`dj Ced`ln 385 

;.>.4  Mrld`kzdtkm`dj Gnskl` 38; 

;.>.4.4  Gnskl`k`l ten @nw Mrld`kzdtkm` 344 

;.>.4.9  Kapjnan`tk`l ten Gnskl` 349 

;.>.9  Xrmbnct Ad`dlnan`t 349 

;.>.3  Ced`ln Ad`dlnan`t 343 

;.>.7  Ok`d`ckdj Ad`dlnan`t 345 

;.>.>  Yksf Ad`dlnan`t 345 

;.>.?  Xrmcnss Cujturn 34; 

;.>.<  Amvk`l orma Eknrdrcekcdj Structurns tm ten Xrmcnss-Grkvn` Mrld`kzdtkm` 398 

;.>.5  Emw NYX d`g NYX Systnas Odckjktdtng Ced`ln k` Mrld`kzdtkm`dj Structurns 398 

;.>.;  Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Ymjns 394 

;.>.;.4  Xrmcnss Mw`nr 394 

47
 

;.>.;.9  Xrmcnss Ad`dlnr 393 

;.>.;.3  Xrmcnss D`djyst 393 

;.>.;.7  Xrmcnss Gnskl`nr 393 

;.>.;.>  Xrmcnss Drcektncts 393 

;.>.;.?  Mtenr Fny Ymjns 397 

;.>.48  Lmvnr`k`l Imgkns 39> 

;.>.44  Xrmcnss Lmvnr`d`cn 39? 

;.>.49  IXA Cn`tnr mo Nxcnjjn`cn 39< 

;.>.49.4  IXA CmN Dctkvktkns 395 

;.>.49.9  Cn`trdjkzng mr Gncn`trdjkzng IXA CmN= 395 

;.>.49.3  Nstdijksek`l d CmN 39; 

;.>.49.7  In`nokts mo d IXA CmN 338 

;.>.43  Iukjgk`l d Xrmcnss-Mrkn`tng Mrld`kzdtkm` d`g Cujturn Fny Cm`cnpts 334 

48  N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t 33> 

48.4.4  Gnok`ktkm` mo N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t (NXA) 33< 

48.4.9  In`nokts mo NXA 33< 

48.4.3  Ynqukrnan`ts mo NXA 378 

48.4.7  Custmanr-Cn`trkc Andsurnan`t Ordanwmrf 374 

48.4.>  Xrmcnss Xmrtomjkm Ad`dlnan`t 374 

48.4.?  N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Kaprmvnan`t d`g Ad`dlnan`t Xjd``k`l 374 

48.4.<  Xrmcnss Ynpmsktmry Ad`dlnan`t 373 

48.4.5  IXA Xrmcnss Adturkty 373 

48.4.;  Ynvksktk`l ten Idjd`cng Scmrncdrg 37> 

48.4.48  NXA Inst Xrdctkcns 37> 

48.4.44  Wrd`somradtkm` Ks d Bmur`ny, @mt d Gnstk`dtkm` 37< 

48.4.49  N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Fny Cm`cnpts 37; 

44  Dppn`gkcns 3>8 

44.4  Dppn`gkx D2 DIXAX IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj 3>4 

44.9  Dppn`gkx I2 DIXAX IXA Cmrn Currkcujua 3?4 

44.3  Dppn`gkx C2 DIXAX Cmgn mo Ntekcs 353 

44.7  Dppn`gkx G2 DIXAX Std`gdrgs mo Cm`guct 357 

44.>  Dppn`gkx N2 Cedptnr Ynonrn`cns 35> 

4>
 

44.?  Dppn`gkx O2 Ljmssdry 3;? 

44.<  Dppn`gkx L2 Cm`trkiutmrs 74> 

4?
 

Omrwdrg

 Dimut DIXAX

Cedrtnr

Wen Dssmckdtkm` mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Xrmonsskm`djs ks d `m`-prmokt, vn`gmr-`nutrdj

prmonsskm`dj mrld`kzdtkm` gngkcdtng tm ten dgvd`cnan`t mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t cm`cnpts d`g
prdctkcns. DIXAX ks prdctktkm`nr mrkn`tng d`g prdctktkm`nr jng.

DIXAX eds jmcdj cedptnrs k` snvnrdj ^S drnds, d`g ad`y amrn drn omrak`l k` tten
en ^S d`g k`tnr`dtkm`djjy.
K`gkvkgudjs wksek`l tm pdrtkckpdtn wem drn `mt jmcdtng `ndr d` nxkstk`l jmcdj cedptnr drn urlng tm
k`vnstkldtn ten ondskikjkty mo stdrtk`l d cedptnr k` tenkr jmcdjkty. \en` `mt dookjkdtng wkte d jmcdj mpnrdtk`l
cedptnr, anainrs wkjj in pdrt mo ten Anainrs-Dt-Jdrln cedptnr, wekce eds kts mw` njnctng mookcnrs d`g
pdrtkckpdtns k` DIXAX dctkvktkns ds d`y mtenr cedptnr wmujg.
wm ujg.

DIXAX ks lmvnr`ng iy d` njnctng Imdrg mo Gkrnctmrs. Ndce cedptnr prnskgn`t ks d` n

nx-mookckm,
x-mookckm, vmtk`l
anainr mo ten K`tnr`dtkm`dj Imdrg mo Gkrnctmrs. DIXAX djsm eds d Imdrg mo Dgvksmrs adgn up mo sman

mo ten amst wnjj-f`mw` dutemrs, prdctktkm`nrs, d`g temulet jndgnrs k` ten oknjg. Wensn dgvksmrs drn
vmju`tnnrs wem pnrkmgkcdjjy moonr dgvkcn tm ten cedptnrs d`g Imdrg
Imdr g mo Gkrnctmrs cm`cnr`k`l ten k`gustry
d`g emw DIXAX cd` inst snrvn kts anainrs.

DIXAX ks dookjkdtng wkte mtenr prmonsskm`dj mrld`kzdtkm`s, k`cjugk`l ten Nurmpnd` Dssmckdtkm` mo
Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t (NDIXA), wekce dgak`kstnrs ten DIXAX cnrtkokcdtkm` prmcnss d`g
trd`sjdtns ten IXA CIMF Lukgn k`tm ten Orn`ce d`g Lnrad`
Lnr ad` jd`ludlns. Dggktkm`dj dookjkdtkm`s drn
gnscrking k` ten Ynonrn`cn Gksckpjk`ns dppn`gkx.

Omr amrn k`omradtkm` m` DIXAX, pjndsn snn mur wnisktn dt 

dt www.dipap.mrl
www.dipap.mrl.. Omr amrn gntdkjs dimut
NDIXA snn ten wnisktn dt 
dt www.ndipa.mrl.
www.ndipa.mrl. 

_kskm`

Wen vkskm` mo ten DIXAX ks tm2

◍  Jndg ten gnvnjmpan`t mo IXA ds d adk`strnda gksckpjk`n
◍  In ten prmonsskm`dj smcknty omr Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Xrmonsskm`djs
◍  In ten rncml`kzng dutemrkty omr cnrtkoyk`l
c nrtkoyk`l IXA prdctktkm`nrs
◍  Yncml`kzn, dcf`mwjngln, d`g em`mr temsn wem adfn mutstd`gk`l cm`trkiutkm`s tm ten Iusk`nss
Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t gksckpjk`n
◍  In ten ljmidj cn`tnr omr ten cmaau`kty mo prdctkcn k` Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t

Aksskm`

Wen aksskm` mo DIXAX ks2

◍  Wm n`ldln k` dctkvktkns tedt dgvd`cn ten prdctkcn mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t
◍  Wm prmamtn d`g nvmjvn d cmaam` imgy mo f`mwjngln omr IXA

4<
 

◍  Wm omstnr ten gnvnjmpan`t d`g dgvd`cnan`t d`g sfkjjs d`g cmapntn`ckns mo ten
t en prmonsskm`djs
wem wmrf k` ten IXA gksckpjk`n
◍  Wm vdjkgdtn ten prmonsskm`dj qudjkokcdtkm` d`g cnrtkoy IXA prdctktkm`nrs

Xrnskgn`t‛s @mtn2 \ey DIXAX Gnvnjmpng ten IXA CIMF Lukgn 

Lukgn 
Wenrn drn ad`y pnmpjn k`vmjvng k` Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t wem cm`skgnr tenasnjvns KW pnmpjn, 
d`g ten` tenrn drn mtenrs wem cm`skgnr tenasnjvns iusk`nss pnmpjn, wekjn tenrn drn pnmpjn jkfn an wem
crmss imte gksckpjk`ns. DIXAX K`tnr`dtkm`dj cm`skgnrs Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t (IXA) tm in imte d
ad`dlnan`t gksckpjk`n d`g d snt mo tnce`mjmlkns tedt suppmrt ad`dlk`l iy prmcnss. ^`omrtu`dtnjy, tedt
snnas tm in ten m`jy
m `jy k`gustry cm`sn`sus m` ten gnok`ktkm` mo IXA, ds tenrn ks cnrtdk`jy `m semrtdln mo
mpk`km` dimut wedt  IXA
 IXA ks d`g emw  tm
 tm gm IXA.

Dccmrgk`l tm ten DIXAX K`tnr`dtkm`dj's Lukgn tm Wen Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Cmaam` Imgy mo
F`mwjngln (IXA CIMF Lukgn) 2

Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t (IXA) ks d gksckpjk`ng dpprmdce tm kgn`tkoy, gnskl`, nxncutn,

gmcuan`t, andsurn, am`ktmr, d`g cm`trmj imte dutmadtng d`g `m`-dutmadtng iusk`nss
 prmcnssns tm dceknv n cm`skstn`t, tdrlntng rnsujts djkl`ng wkte d` mrld`kzdtkm
mrld`kzdtkm`‛s
`‛s strdtnlkc lmdjs.
IXA k`vmjvns ten gnjkinrdtn, cmjjdimrdtkvn, d`g k`crndsk`ljy tnce`mjmly-dkgng gnok`ktkm`,
kaprmvnan`t, k``mvdtkm`, d`g ad`dlnan`t mo n`g-tm-n`g iusk`nss prmcnssns tedt grkvn iusk`nss
rnsujts, crndtn vdjun, d`g n`dijn d` mrld`kzdtkm` tm annt kts iusk`nss mibnctkvns wkte amrn
dlkjkty. IXA n`dijns d` n`tnrprksn tm djkl` kts iusk`nss prmcnssns tm kts iusk`nss strdtnly, jndgk`l
tm noonctkvn mvnrdjj cmapd`y pnromrad`cn termule kaprmvnan`ts mo spnckokc wmrf dctkvktkns
nktenr wktek` d spnckokc gnpdrtan`t, dcrmss ten n`tnrprksn, mr intwnn` mrld`kzdtkm`s.

\ktek` ten DIXAX K`tnr`dtkm`dj, mur anainrsekp semws d gkvnrskty mo tktjns

t ktjns tedt rnojnct tensn gkvnrln`t
dpprmdcens tm prmcnss ad`dlnan`t. \n edvn wnjj mvnr 4>8 gkoonrn`t tktjns rnprnsn`tng k` mur
gdtdidsn, djtemule tenrn drn cjustnrs drmu`g sman mo ten tktjns jkfn Ad`dlnr, Gkrnctmr, _X, D`djyst,
Cm`sujtd`t, d`g Drcektnct usudjjy prncngng mr omjjmwng iy Xrmcnss, IXA, Xrmcnss Kaprmvnan`t, Xrmcnss

K``mvdtkm`, d`g sm m`.

Wenrn ks d `nng k` ten adrfntpjdcn tm trujy snt ten
t en std`gdrg omr Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t d`g ten
nanrlk`l iusk`nss prmcnss prmonsskm`dj. Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t ks d irmdg gksckpjk`n tedt
rnqukrns m`n tm u`gnrstd`g ten `ncnssdry sfkjjs d`g cmapntn`ckns tedt m`n aust gnvnjmp k` mrgnr tm
gnvnjmp ten dpprmprkdtn sfkjjs d`g noonctkvn`nss wktek` ten prmonsskm`.

Wen DIXAX IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj ks d gnvnjmpan`tdj pdte tedt mutjk`ns

m utjk`ns ten sfkjjs, cmapntn`ckns, d`g
nxpnrkn`cn jnvnjs omr k`gkvkgudjs pursuk`l d cdrnnr k` Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t.

Wenrn ks cnrtdk`jy `m semrtdln mo vn`gmrs

v n`gmrs wkte IXA trdk`k`l mut tenrn, iut `m`n edvn oujjy gnok`ng ten
oujj spnctrua mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t f`mwjngln. Omr IXA Xrmonsskm`djs
Xrmonss km`djs tm in d omrcn k` ten
adrfntpjdcn, kt's crktkcdj tm nstdijkse ten nssn`tkdj
n ssn`tkdj f`mwjngln drnds omr IXA Xrmonsskm`djs, auce jkfn ten
Xrmbnct Ad`dlnan`t K`stktutn gkg omr prmbnct
pr mbnct ad`dlnan`t prmonsskm`djs d`g DXKCS (`mw ten

45
 

Dssmckdtkm` omr Mpnrdtkm`s Ad`dlnan`t) gkg omr mpnrdtkm`s prmonsskm`djs. Kt incdan cjndr tedt tenrn
wds d skakjdr `nng tm gnvnjmp sman idsnjk`n std`gdrgs, ak`kaua qudjkokcdtkm`s, d`g sman rndsm`dijn
pdte omr incmak`l d prmonsskm`dj k` IXA.

Wedt ks wey DIXAX K`tnr`dtkm`dj gnckgng tm put d stdfn k` ten lrmu`g d`g gnvnjmpng ten Lukgn tm Wen
Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Cmaam` Imgy mo F`mwjngln  (IXA CIMF Lukgn), ten Cnrtkokng Iusk`nss
Xrmcnss Dssmckdtn (CIXD), ten Cnrtkokng
Cnrt kokng Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Xrmonsskm`dj (CIXX), d`g ten smm` tm in
gnvnjmpng Cnrtkokng Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Jndgnr (CIXJ).

Wen IXA CIMF Lukgn ks DIXAX K`tnr`dtkm`dj's idsnjk`n snt mo std`gdrgs omr ten wedt  mo
 mo IXA ‗ ten
f`mwjngln, sfkjjs, d`g cmapntn`ckns, cmupjng wkte d strdtnlkc dpprmdce (emw ) iy kjjustrdtk`l d IXA Jkon
Cycjn Ordanwmrf omr temsn naidrfk`l m` d bmur`ny tm trun Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t.

Wen wedt d`g emw mo IXA wkjj cm`tk`un tm nvmjvn, ds wkjj ten cm`tn`t
c m`tn`t (wedt) d`g trdk`k`l (emw) omr kt.
DIXAX K`tnr`dtkm`dj's CIXX ks d cnrtkokcdtkm` tedt eds inn` gnvnjmpng iy d`g omr IXA prdctktkm`nrs. Kt
wds ten okrst k`gnpn`gn`t, prmonsskm`dj nxdak`dtkm` d`g cnrtkokcdtkm` prmlrda k` ten drnd
drn d mo IXA
omjjmwng iy ten CIXD, d`g d smm` tm in CIXJ, djj mo wekce edvn inn` gnskl`ng tm cmapjy wkte
k`tnr`dtkm`dj cnrtkokcdtkm` std`gdrgs wkte ten lmdj mo incmak`l ten k`tnr`dtkm`djjy
k`tnr `dtkm`djjy rncml`kzng std`gdrg
omr IXA Xrmonsskm`djs.

Weks omurte vnrskm` mo ten DIXAX CIMF ks d rnspm`sn tm d lrmwk`l gnad`g omr k`omradtkm` m` wedt ten
cdrnnr pdte ks omr IXA prmonsskm`djs, k`cjuskvn mo emw IXA cm`tk`uns tm nvmjvn, djm`l wkte ten
tnce`mjmlkns tedt IXA cd` napjmy tm trd`somra mrld`kzdtkm`s
mr ld`kzdtkm`s tm cmapntn k` d ljmidj ncm`may. Ds d`
dssmckdtkm`, DIXAX eds dgmptng d pmsktkm` tedt tenrn drn ternn vnry gkoonrn`t pnrspnctkvns m` crndtk`l d
prmokckn`t IXA Xrmonsskm`dj2 f`mwjngln, sfkjjs , d`g cmapntn`ckns k`tnlrdtng k`tm d` mvnrdjj cdrnnr pdte
wkte dssmckdtng IXA cnrtkokcdtkm`s omr ndce jnvnj, orma n`try jnvnj tm sn`kmr jnvnjs wktek` mrld`kzdtkm`s.
mr ld`kzdtkm`s.

Wen okrst jnvnj dggrnssns ten omu`gdtkm`dj cm`cnpts, wekce drn idsng m` ten f`mwjngln drnds cm`tdk`ng
k` ten IXA CIMF Lukgn, tedt k`cjugn currn`t prdctkcns suppmrtng wkte
w kte sman k`structkm`. Wen sncm`g
jnvnj ks rnjdtng tm ten dggktkm`dj cmapntn`ckns tedt drn kapmrtd`t cmapm`n`ts omr d` nvmjvk`l cdrnnr k`
IXA. \n edvn dggng ten IXA Cmapntn`cy
Cmapnt n`cy Amgnj d`g d smm` tm in tekrg IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm`, Cnrtkokng
Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Jndgnr (CIXJ), tm dggrnss ten cmapntn`cy d`g cdrnnr cmapm`n`ts. Wen IXA CIMF d`g
mur prmonsskm`dj IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm`s drn omcusng m` prdctktkm`nr-jnvnj f`mwjngln d`g nxpnrkn`cn.
n xpnrkn`cn. \n
injknvn tedt ten irmdg d`g gnnp prdctktkm`nr nxpnrkn`cn ks dt ten cmrn
cmr n mo IXA, d`g tedt kt ks nssn`tkdj tm
dgg tm ten euad` ced`ln odctmr `ncnssdry
`n cnssdry omr cm`tk`ung succnss k` iusk`nss prmcnss ced`ln k`
mrld`kzdtkm`s.

‗ Wm`y In`ngkct, CXKA, CIXX, CIXJ

Dimut ten IXA CIMF Lukgn

Wen mrklk`dj prmbnct tm gnvnjmp ten DIXAX CIMF inld` k` jdtn 9883. Wen okrst stnp wds tm gnvnjmp d

cm`sn`sus m` wedt ten cmrn f`mwjngln drnds

dr nds drn omr IXA, tdfk`l k`tm ccm`skgnrdtkm`
m`skgnrdtkm` djj mo ten currn`t
puijkseng adtnrkdjs, k`puts orma jndgk`l prdctktkm`nrs d`g dcdgnakcs, d`g ten dvdkjdijn IXA
4;
 

tnce`mjmlkns dt tedt tkan. _nrskm` 4.8 tmmf dimut skx yndrs tm gnvnjmp d cm`sn`sus m` ten
t en cm`tn`t.
DIXAX put mut _nrskm` 4.8 omr onngidcf,
onn gidcf, d`g dt tedt tkan gnvnjmpng d` dookjkdtkm` wkte NDIXA
(Nurmpnd` Dssmckdtkm` mo IXA). Kt tmmf d`mtenr yndr tm k`cmrpmrdtn djj ten DIXAX d`g NDIXA onngidcf,
ngkt kt, d`g tm ok`djjy puijkse ljmidjjy, _nrskm` 9.8 k` 988;. Weks vnrskm` wds usng tm gnvnjmp ten Cnrtkokng
Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Xrmonsskm`dj (CIXX) cnrtkokcdtkm`, imte mo wekce wnrn jdu`ceng ljmidjjy k` N`ljkse. Kt
wds`‛t u`tkj ten n`g mo 9843, tedt DIXAX puijkseng _nrskm` 3.8, wekce wds d twm-yndr noomrt tm upgdtn

ten IXA CIMF Lukgn tm rnojnct currn`t prdctkcns d`g ten adturkty d`g dgmptkm` mo IXAS tnc
tnce`mjmlkns.
e`mjmlkns.
Wen pmk`t mo vknw mo _nrskm` 3.8 wds orma d iusk`nss trd`somradtkm` pnrspnctkvn usk`l ten dvdkjdijn
IXAS tnce`mjmlkns. Wen CIXD nxda wds ten` gnvnjmpng ds d` n`try-jnvnj IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm` d`g mur
CIXX nxda wds upgdtng tm rnojnct
rn ojnct ten cm`tn`t dggktkm`s tm _nrskm` 3
3.8.
.8. Wen dpprmdce tm _nrskm` 7.8
k`cjugns djj ten cmaan`ts tedt edg inn` cmjjnctng
cm jjnctng orma pnmpjn wem wnrn usk`l _nrskm` 3.8 mo ten IXA
CIMF, dulan`tng iy cmaan`ts d`g sullnstkm`s orma dssmckdtkm` anainrs k` Nurmpn d`g Irdzkj. K` jdtn
984<, ten gnckskm` wds adgn tm upgdtn ten IXA CIMF Lukgn dldk` sk`cn IXA, IXAS, d`g N`tnrprksn
tnce`mjmlkns edvn ced`lng, nspnckdjjy wkte ten k`trmguctkm` mo Dlkjn antemgmjmlkns, jmw-cmgn
jmw -cmgn d`g `m-
cmgn tnce`mjmlkns suce ds rmimtkc prmcnss dutmadtkm` (YXD), d`g `nwnr pjdtomras jkfn ijmcfcedk`,
drtkokckdj k`tnjjkln`cn, adcek`n jndr`k`l d`g K`tnr`nt mo tek`ls (KmW). DIXAX eds djsm dcf`mwjnglng ten
onngidcf orma mur prdctktkm`nrs tm dgg amrn cm`tn`t m` usk`l d prmcnss rnpmsktmry, cmjjdimrdtkm`
tnce`kquns, d`g djsm tm napedskzn amrn nxpjkcktjy tedt d` noonctkvn IXA dpprmdce aust jk`f strdtnly tm
nxncutkm` tm gnjkvnr vdjun tm mrld`kzdtkm`s.

Jdstjy, ten prmbnct tm upgdtn ten IXA CIMF Lukgn tm _nrskm` 7.8 rnqukrng DIXAX tm djkl` ten
t en `nw IXA
CIMF cm`tn`t d`g f`mwjngln drnd tm ten `nwjy gnvnjmpng IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj. Wen tdijn mo
cm`tn`ts mo ten IXA CIMF Lukgn, _nrskm` 7.8 rnojncts teks djkl`an`t.

Xrk`ckpjns mo IXA CIMF Lukgn Gnvnjmpan`t

Lukgn Gnvnjmpan`t

K` crndtk`l djj ten vnrskm`s mo ten IXA CIMF Lukgn, ten DIXAX Imdrg dsfng djj pdrtkckpd`ts tedt ten
omjjmwk`l prk`ckpjns in usng tm lukgn ten dutemrs d`g rnvknwnrs2
rn vknwnrs2

IXA CIMF Lukgn Semujg (In)  IXA CIMF  Lukgn Semujg @mt (In) 

◍  ^sn d std`gdrgkzng tnrak`mjmly
◍  Ndsn ten cmaau`kcdtkm` dimut IXA 
◍  Snjj d`ytek`l (`mt vn`gmr grkvn`) 
◍  Suppmrt d cmaam` u`gnrstd`gk`l mo IXA 
◍  Yngnok`n mtenr gksckpjk`ns 
◍  Ynonrn`cn rnjdtng gksckpjk`ns 
◍  Wmm gntdkjng 
◍  Cm`tdk` cmaam`jy dccnptng prdctkcns 
◍  Akss ten dugkn`cn (prdctktkm`nr) 
◍  Xrdctktkm`nr grkvn` 
◍  K`cmapjntn k` wkgte 
◍  _n`gmr `nutrdj 
◍  Emw tm (rnckpn) 
◍  Lukgn (`m`-prnscrkptkvn) 
◍  Edrg tm rndg 
◍  @mt d std`gdrg snttk`l imgy
◍  Edvn d` mpk`km` 
◍  Odckjktdtn nvdjudtkm` mo smjutkm`s 
◍  Cm`skstn`t 

98
 

Xrnodcn
Wen omjjmwk`l wds wrkttn` iy Irntt Cedapjk`, pdst Xrnskgn`t mo ten Dssmckdtkm` mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss
Ad`dlnan`t Xrmonsskm`djs (DIXAX).

Gnok`k`l d IXA Xrmonsskm`dj

IXA ks imte d ad`dlnan`t gksckpjk`n d`g d snt mo tnce`mjmlkns tedt suppmrt ad`dlk`l iy prmcnss. D
cm`vnrln`cn mo tnce`mjmlkns omr wmrfojmw, n`tnrprksn
n `tnrprksn dppjkcdtkm` k`tnlrdtkm` (NDK), gmcuan`t d`g
cm`tn`t ad`dlnan`t, iusk`nss rujns ad`dlnan`t, pnromrad`cn ad`dlnan`t, d`g d`djytkcs, dam`l
mtenrs, edvn inn` irmulet tm indr wkte d omcus m` suppmrtk`l prmcnss-idsng ad`dlnan`t. D onw yndrs
dlm, IXA smotwdrn vn`gmrs wnrn omcusng m` ten nxncutkm` jdynr mo tten
en tnce`mjmly stdcf. Wmgdy teny drn
gnjkvnrk`l IXA suktns wkte d oujj rd`ln mo ondturns
on dturns d`g ou`ctkm`s k`cjugk`l drtkokckdj k`tnjjkln`cn tm
suppmrt prmcnss ad`dlnrs d`g d`djysts ds wnjj ds tnce`mjmly
tn ce`mjmly gnvnjmpnrs. \kte ten dgvn`t mo jmw-cmgn
d`g `m-cmgn tnce`mjmly, ten ndsn mo usn wkjj lrdgudjjy aklrdtn dwdy orma KW gnpdrtan`ts k`tm ten
t en
iusk`nss u`kts. Emwnvnr, lkvn` ten adl`ktugn mo gdtd `mw cmjjnctng orma prmcnssns, `nw rmjns drn
nanrlk`l tm suppmrt d`djytkcdj k`sklets ldr`nrng orma drtkokckdj k`tnjjkln`cn cdpdikjktkns, suce ds gdtd
d`djysts, gdtd sckn`tksts, tm `dan d onw.

Yncn`t rnsndrce stugkns cm`okra tedt Iusk`nss

I usk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t (IXA) ks rdpkgjy nvmjvk`l ds ten
gmak`d`t ad`dlnan`t pdrdgkla mo ten twn`ty-okrst cn`tury. IXA ks `mw ln`nrdjjy dgmptng k`
cmapd`kns wkte amrn ted` 58% mo ten
t en wmrjg‛s jndgk`l mrld`kzdtkm`s dctkvnjy n`ldlng k` IXA prmlrdas,
ad`y mo tensn m` d ljmidj scdjn. Wenrn ks `mw n`mule puijkseng k`omradtkm` tedt gnam`strdtns tedt
prmvn` strdtnlkns, dpprmdcens, tmmjs d`g tnce`kquns (k`cjugk`l iusk`nss prmcnss ordanwmrfs d`g
adturkty amgnjs) drn napjmyng iy wmrjg-cjdss, prmcnss-omcusng n`tnrprksns.

Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t d`g Xnromrad`cn Ad`dlnan`t drn anrlk`l

anrl k`l ds amrn d`g amrn prmcnss
ad`dlnan`t lrmups inlk` tm rncml`kzn ten
t en mrld`kzdtkm` ds d systna mo k`tnrdctk`l prmcn
prmcnssns
ssns wemsn
pnromrad`cn aust in idjd`cng, d`g tedt aust in ten omcus mo oujokjjk`l strdtnlkns. Cm`vnrsnjy, amrn d`g
amrn mo temsn n`ldlng k` n`tnrprksn
n`tnr prksn pnromrad`cn ad`dlnan`t drn rndjkzk`l tedt kt ks ten pnromrad`cn
mo ten iusk`nss prmcnssns, `mt ten mrld`kzdtkm`dj ou`ctkm`dj u`kts mr d snt mo dssnts, tedt eds tm in tenkr
cn`trdj omcus k` mrgnr tm ldk` ten trun in`nokts mo d pnromrad`cn ad`dlnan`t k`ktkdtkvn. Smpekstkcdtng
d`g pmwnrouj `nw tnce`mjmlkns drn cn`trdj tm succnssouj d`g sustdk`dijn prmlrdas omr imte mo tensn
gksckpjk`ns, d`g k`tnlrdtk`l ten k`omradtkm` gnjkvnry cdpdikjktkns ds wnjj ds ad`dlnan`t antemgs ks
crktkcdj tm amvk`l up ten scdjn mo adturkty k` gnpjmyk`l tensn prdctkcns.

Djm`l wkte Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t, `nw mrld`kzdtkm`dj structurns d`g rmjns
r mjns drn nanrlk`l, d`g d
`nw ln`rn mo prmonsskm`djs ks nanrlk`l tm suppmrt tensn prdctkcns. [nt, iusk`nss scemmjs drn bust
inlk``k`l tm gnvnjmp prmlrdas tm tndce us emw tm ad`dln iy prmcnss. M`n tek`l tedt ks cjndr ks tedt
ad`dlk`l iy prmcnss d`g dgdptk`l `nw k`omradtkm` systnas tmmjs tm suppmrt temsn dctkvktkns ks d
succnssouj strdtnly tedt irk`ls trnan`gmus dgvd`tdln tm temsn iusk`nssns tedt dgmpt kt. D`g, kt snnas
tedt ten amrn irmdg-idsng ten prmcnss ad`dlnan`t k`ktkdtkvn ks k` ten mrld`kzdtkm`, ten amrn noonctkvn
kt ks d`g ten amrn vdjun kt dggs.

94
 

Wenrn snna tm in ds ad`y cmapd`kns wemsn IXA noomrts drn grkvn` iy tenkr KW mrld`kzdtkm`s ds tenrn
drn temsn wemsn IXA prmlrdas drn ink`l jng iy cmrn iusk`nss drnds. Jkfnwksn, tenrn snna tm in twm
adbmr dpprmdcens2 temsn tedt drn amrn prmbnct-mrkn`tng vnrsus temsn tedt vknw IXA ds d cm`tk`umus
prmcnss kaprmvnan`t d`g trd`somradtkm` noomrt. Wensn gkoonrn`t amgnjs ln`nrdtn rmjns d`g
rnspm`skikjktkns wkte wkgnjy vdryk`l tktjns d`g djkl`an`ts mo rnspm`skikjktkns, ynt djj drn prmcnss-
ad`dlnan`t omcusng.

\ktek` ten DIXAX, ten anainrsekp stkjj semws d gkvnrskty mo tktjns tedt rnojnct tensn gkvnrln`t
dpprmdcens tm prmcnss ad`dlnan`t. Wenrn drn wnjj mvnr 4>8 gkoonrn`t tktjns rnprnsn`tng k` ten DIXAX
gdtdidsn, djtemule tenrn drn cjustnrs drmu`g sman mo ten tktjns jkfn Ad`dlnr, Gkrnctmr, _X, D`djyst,
Cm`sujtd`t, d`g Drcektnct, usudjjy prncngng mr omjjmwng iy Xrmcnss,
Xrmcn ss, IXA, Xrmcnss Kaprmvnan`t, Xrmcnss
K``mvdtkm`, d`g ten jkfn.

M`n rmjn tedt ks pdrtkcujdrjy skl`kokcd`t k` IXA prmlrdas ks tedt

t edt mo ten prmcnss mw`nr . Gnpn`gk`l m`
wentenr ten mrld`kzdtkm` rnstructurns drmu`g crmss-ou`ctkm`dj iusk`nss prmcnssns, crndtns d adtrkx-
ad`dlng mrld`kzdtkm`, dppmk`ts ou`ctkm`dj ad`dlnrs tm tdfn m` d gudj rmjn, mr rnjkns m` d ccrmss-
rmss-
ou`ctkm`dj cmu`ckj mo ad`dlnrs tm mvnrsnn cmrn iusk`nss prmcnssns, kt wkjj n`surn tedt smanm`n tdfns m`
ten rnspm`skikjktkns mo d prmcnss mw`nr  omr ndce mo ten mrld`kzdtkm`‛s fny mpnrdtkm`dj prmcnssns. Weks rmjn

snnas tm in m`n mo ten crktkcdj succnss odctmrs k` noonctkvn prmcnss-mrkn`tng mrld`kzdtkm`s.

D` mrld`kzdtkm`dj odctmr tedt snnas tm rnojnct

rn ojnct ten nvmjutkm` mr adturkty k` mrld`kzdtkm`s kapjnan`tk`l
IXA ks ten nxkstn`cn mo d spnckdjkzng lrmup tedt ks rncml`kzng ds ten prmcnss spnckdjksts. Ad`y inlk` wkte
d IXA Cn`tnr mo Nxcnjjn`cn (CmN) mr skakjdr lrmup tedt prmvkgns tm ten mrld`kzdtkm` prmcnss amgnjk`l,
d`djysks, gnskl`, d`g prmbnct nxpnrtksn djm`l wkte std`gdrg tmmjs, antemgs,
a ntemgs, d`g tnce`kquns d`g dcts ds
d` k`tnr`dj cm`sujtk`l lrmup. D amrn adturn mr nxpnrkn`cng prmcnss-mrkn`tng mrld`kzdtkm` wkjj edvn d
prmcnss ad`dlnan`t lmvnr`d`cn lrmup mr Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Mookcn tedt mvnrsnns ten mrld`kzdtkm`‛s
pmrtomjkm mo prmcnssns d`g djkl`s, prkmrktkzns, d`g dutemrkzns trd`somradtkm` noomrts. Sman cmapd`kns
ady edvn imte typns mo lrmups wmrfk`l tmlntenr.
tmlntenr . Wensn lrmups drn stdoong wkte prmcnss ad`dlnan`t
prmonsskm`djs wkte d wkgn rd`ln mo tktjns d`g djkl`an`t mo rnspm`skikjktkns.

\ekjn tenrn snna tm in ad`y succnssouj amgnjs omr kapjnan`tk`l IXA k` mrld`kzdtkm`s, m`n tek`l teny
djj edvn k` cmaam` ks ten ad`y `nw rmjns wkte `nw snts mo sfkjjs d`g rnspm`skikjktkns djj cn`tnrng m`
IXA. Weks ks d` nanrlk`l lrmup mo prmonsskm`djs wemsn wmrf ks nssn`tkdj tm twn`ty-okrst-cn`tury
iusk`nss2 ten iusk`nss prmcnss prmonsskm`dj. Buglk`l orma ten anainrs mo DIXAX, teny drn ln`nrdjjy
eklejy ngucdtng (?<% edvn d idcenjmr mr dgvd`cng gnlrnn)
gnlrn n) d`g edvn d skl`kokcd`t damu`t mo nxpnrkn`cn
(;.; yndrs dvnrdln) wmrfk`l k` prmcnss kaprmvnan`t d`g rngnskl`.
rn gnskl`.

Sman mo ten amrn cmaam` tktjns drn2

◍  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss D`djyst

◍  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss N`lk`nnr
◍  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Drcektnct
◍  Iusk`nss Drcektnct
◍  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnr

99
 

◍  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Cm`sujtd`t

◍  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnr
◍  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Mw`nr
◍  Iusk`nss D`djyst
◍  Iusk`nss Systnas D`djyst
◍  Ad`dlnr mr Gkrnctmr mo Iusk`nss Xnromrad`cn Kaprmvnan`t
◍  Ad`dlnr mr Gkrnctmr mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss K``mvdtkm`
K ``mvdtkm`
◍  Xrmcnss Mw`nr
◍  Xrmcnss Mookcnr
Wensn tktjns d`g tenkr vdrkd`ts cmvnr ten
t en adbmrkty mo ten `nw rm
rmjns
jns d`g rnspm`skikjktkns k` prmcnss-
ad`dlng mrld`kzdtkm`s. Ynldrgjnss mo ten rmjns mr mrld`kzdtkm`dj structurn, teny ln`nrdjjy drn
rnspm`skijn omr ten sdan snts mo dctkvktkns2 prmcnss amgnjk`l, prmcnss d`djysks, prmcnss gnskl`, prmcnss
ced`ln d`g trd`somradtkm`, prmcnss kapjnan`tdtkm`, prmcnss am`ktmrk`l d`g cm`trmj, d`g prmcnss
pnromrad`cn kaprmvnan`t. Sman mo tensn rmjns ady in stdoong k` KW mrld`kzdtkm`s d`g sman k` iusk`nss
gksckpjk`ns. Ad`y mrld`kzdtkm`s drn stdook`l wkte crmss-gksckpjk`n lrmups cmaik`k`l imte KW d`g iusk`nss
f`mwjngln mr wkte pnmpjn wem edvn snrvng k` imte KW d`g iusk`nss u`kts, irk`lk`l d gnpte mo f`mwjngln
d`g rd`ln mo sfkjjs tedt trd`scn`g trdgktkm`dj imu`gdrkns. Ad`y edvn omu`g tedt cmaik`k`l pnmpjn wem
edvn ln`nrdj cm`sujtk`l-typn f`mwjngln d`g sfkjjs wkte mtenrs wem edvn d gnpte mo iusk`nss-spnckokc

f`mwjngln ks d succnssouj strdtnly omr IXA

I XA noomrts.
Wenrn ks d `nw prmonsskm`dj k` ten iusk`nss wmrjg tmgdy, ten iusk`nss prmcnss prmonsskm`dj. Wen wmrf
teny gm ks crktkcdj tm ten
t en outurn mo cmapntktkvn mrld`kzdtkm`s. D`g, nvn` temule tenrn ks `m sk`ljn mr cjndr
amgnj tedt m`n cd` dgmpt, kt gmns`‛t gkak`kse ten `nng omr amrn sfkjjng d`g amtkvdtng pnmpjn tm gm teks
wmrf. Nvn`tudjjy, u`kvnrsktkns wkjj cman mut wkte wnjj-rnsndrceng d`g structurng
str ucturng amgnjs idsng m` sman
mo ten amst vkskijn succnss stmrkns. K` ten and`tkan, iusk`nssns cd`‛t wdkt omr smanm`n tm tnjj
tn jj tena ten
inst  wdy tm gm teks6 teny edvn tm gm teks wmrf tmgdy, d`g tenrn bust drn`‛t n`mule f`mwjnglndijn,
sfkjjng pnmpjn tm lm drmu`g. Succnssouj mrld`kzdtkm`s drn ok`gk`l tedt tm stdoo tensn lrmups, teny edvn tm
k`vnst k` trdk`k`l d`g gnvnjmpan`t. Sman drn iukjgk`l tenkr mw` currkcujd d`g trdk`k`l
t rdk`k`l prmlrdas d`g
irk`lk`l n`try-jnvnj pnmpjn m` imdrg tm wmrf cjmsnjy
c jmsnjy wkte ten onw tdjn`tng IXA Xrmonsskm`djs teny gm
edvn. Mtenrs drn sn`gk`l ad`dlnrs, prmbnct jndgnrs, d`g systnas d`djysts tm trdk`k`l, suce ds ten IXA-
IXA -
K`stktutn mr Mibnct Ad`dlnan`t Lrmup (MAL) cnrtkokcdtn prmlrdas, tm inlk` tm iukjg ten rnquksktn
f`mwjngln d`g sfkjjs. Weks sktudtkm` wkjj jkfnjy cm`tk`un tm in ten amst vkdijn dpprmdce tm iukjgk`l
prmcnss mrld`kzdtkm`s omr ten `ndr outurn.

Wen aksskm` mo DIXAX d`g NDIXA ks tm n`ldln k` dctkvktkns tedt prmamtn ten prdctkcn mo Iusk`nss
Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t, tm gnvnjmp d cmaam` imgy mo f`mwjngln k` teks oknjg, d`g tm cm`trkiutn tm ten
dgvd`cnan`t d`g sfkjj gnvnjmpan`t mo prmonsskm`djs wem wmrf k` teks gksckpjk`n iy dctk`l ds d cnrtkoyk`l
imgy omr IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm`s. DIXAX d`g NDIXA‛s jmcdj cedptnrs prmgucn pnrkmgkc nvn`ts ondturk`l IXA
immt cdaps, cdsn stugkns, d`g IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm`
Cn rtkokcdtkm` prnpdrdtkm`, d`g prnsn`tdtkm`s dimut IXA tmpkcs,
wekce prmvkgns d` k`nxpn`skvn cm`tk`uk`l ngucdtkm` prmlrda omr tenkr anainrs. DIXAX d`g NDIXA
edvn d` ngucdtkm` cmaakttnn tedt cm`tk`uns gnvnjmpk`l ten IXA Cmaam` Imgy
Img y mo F`mwjngln.
Omjjmwk`l tedt, DIXAX eds prmgucng d rncmaan`gng currkcujua omr dcdgnakc
dc dgnakc d`g trdk`k`l prmlrdas.

93
 

DIXAX eds crndtng d snt mo crktnrkd tm nvdjudtn trdk`k`l prmvkgnrs d`g tenkr prmlrdas d`g d prmcnss omr
omradj n`gmrsnan`t mo trdk`k`l prmvkgnrs d`g dcdgnakc prmlrdas.

\mrfk`l k` IXA dt teks tkan ks ten amst nxcktk`l d`g vdjudijn iusk`nss nxpnrkn`cn ad`dlnrs d`g
prmonsskm`djs cd` lnt tmgdy. K snn Iusk`nss Xrmcnss
Xrmcn ss Ad`dlnan`t prmonsskm`djs ds ten `nw trdk`k`l
idcflrmu`g omr outurn iusk`nss jndgnrs tmgdy, auce ds prmbnct ad`dlnan`t wds okotnn` yndrs dlm.

DIXAX eds gnvnjmpng termule ten IXA CIMF Lukgn d`g IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj ten idsnjk`n
f`mwjngln, sfkjjs, std`gdrgs, cmapntn`ckns, d`g ak`kaua qudjkokcdtkm`s omr ndce IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm` jnvnj
ds d cdrnnr pdte omr incmak`l d prmonsskm`dj k` teks IXA. Ko ymu drn wmrfk`l k` prmcnss ad`dlnan`t,
 bmk` mtenrs k` gnvnjmpk`l ten prmonsskm` ‗ bmk` DIXAX tmgdy. Wmlntenr wn cd` iukjg d `nw prmonsskm`dj
gksckpjk`n tedt wkjj crndtn ten outurn. 

‗ Irntt Cedapjk`, Xdt Xrnskgn`t, DIXAX

Wen IXA CIMF Lukgn Dpprmdce

Lukgn Dpprmdce iy _nrskm`

Wen ln`nrdj dpprmdce, wekce ks cm`skstn`t dam`l djj vnrskm`s, ks tm cm`vny f`mwjngln, sfkjjs, d`g
cmapntn`ckns tedt jndg tm d IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm`. Wen gkoonrn`cns intwnn` vnrskm`s drn k` ten cnrtkokcdtkm`
typn, jnvnjs, d`g pmtn`tkdj rmjns, ds semw` k` ten omjjmwk`l tdijn.

Wmwdrgs
_nrskm
Cm`vnys IXA Jnvnj Ymjn
`
Cnrtkokcdtkm`

F`mwjngln, sfkjjs,
9.8  CIXX  K`tnrangkdtn   Xrmcnss Drcektnct 
cmapntn`ckns 

F`mwjngln, sfkjjs,
3.8*  CIXD  N`try  Xrmcnss D`djyst 
cmapntn`ckns 
- CIXX - N`try - Xrmcnss D`djyst
F`mwjngln, sfkjjs,
7.8 
cmapntn`ckns  - CIXD  - K`tnrangkdtn  - Xrmcnss Drcektnct 
- Cekno Xrmcnss Drcektnct
F`mwjngln, sfkjjs,
Outurn  CIXJ  Jndgnrsekp 
cmapntn`ckns  - N`tnrprksn Iusk`nss Drcektnct  
@MWN2 Wen jndgnrsekp IXA CIMF
CIMF wkjj in d snpdrdtn imgy
imgy mo f`mwjngln wkte d gkgdctkc nxda
nxda..
*CIXD jnvnj wds k`trmgucng k` vnrskm` 3.8 d`g k`cjugns upgdtns tm CIXX jnvnj.

97
 

4  Wen IXA Xrmonsskm`dj2 Cdrnnr Xdte Drcektncturn

Omr temsn IXA prdctktkm`nrs wem drn k` kt omr ten jm`l ru`, DIXAX gnvnjmpng ten IXA Cmapntn`cy
Amgnj d`g Cdrnnr Xdte Drcektncturn ds d rmdgadp omr prmonsskm`dj gnvnjmpan`t k` ten IXA prmonsskm`.
Wen lmdj wds tm adfn surn tedt ko d pnrsm` wds nktenr d iusk`nss-mrkn`tng mr KW-mrkn`tng IXA
prmonsskm`dj, tedt tenrn wds d cdrnnr
cdrnn r pdte omr ymu tm njnvdtn ymur sfkjjs d`g cmapntn`ckns, d`g ymur bmi
tktjn d`g pdy lrdgn.

Wen pyrdakg lrdpekc tedt omjjmws ks rnprnsn`tdtkvn mo emw d`y prmonsskm`dj nvmjvns termule d cdrnnr
pdte (f`mw` ds cjkaik`l ten jdggnr ).
). Xnmpjn stdrt tenkr cdrnnrs dt d` n`try jnvnj. Weny jndr` ten sfkjjs d`g
cmapntn`ckns tm gm ten wmrf dt ten idsn tnce`kckd` jnvnj. Mvnr tkan, teny dcqukrn ad`dlnrkdj sfkjjs d`g
cmapntn`ckns d`g incman ad`dlnrs wem supnrvksn pnmpjn (tnce`kckd`s) wmrfk`l m` jdrlnr prmbncts mr
k`ktkdtkvns. Ok`djjy, teny dcqukrn ten sfkjjs d`g cmapntn`ckns tm ad`dln d iusk`nss u`kt mr mrld`kzdtkm`
d`g lrdgudtn tm ten jnvnj mo sn`kmr jndgnr ‗ d ad`dlnr mo ad`dlnrs.

Oklurn 4.4 Jndgnrsekp Gnvnjmpan`t Xkpnjk`n Xyrdakg

Wen jdrlnr qunstkm` ks, wedt drn ten

t en pmsskikjktkns mo tedt cdrnnr nvmjutkm` wktek` d` mrld`kzdtkm`=
Omjjmwk`l ks d` nxdapjn mo sman mo ten
t en currn`tjy gnvnjmpk`l bmi tktjns k` tmgdy‛s adrfntpjdcn d`g
pmsskijn pdtes tm amrn sn`kmr jnvnjs. Wen rklet skgn mo ten gkdlrda semws ten lrmwk`l sc
scmpn
mpn mo gnskl`
rnspm`skikjktkns d`g dccmu`tdikjktkns ds ymur sfkjjs, cmapntn`ckns, d`g nxpnrkn`cn adturn.

9>
 

Oklurn 4.9 Nxdapjn mo Ced`lk`l Xdtes k` Bmi Dgvd`cnan`t

Dldk`, ten kgnd enrn ks tedt ds ymu gnvnjmp amrn sfkjjs d`g cmapntn`ckns, ymu wkjj `dturdjjy cjkai ten
jdggnr   mo
mo d` mrld`kzdtkm`. Ds ymu dcqukrn amrn sfkjjs d`g cmapntn`ckns k` IXA d`g gnskl`, ymu djsm pkcf
up amrn ad`dlnrkdj sfkjjs d`g cmapntn`ckns ds d jndgnr (pnmpjn ad`dlnr).

DIXAX eds crndtng d cdrnnr drcektncturn omr IXA Xrmonsskm`djs tm dggrnss d` u`dggrnssng adrfnt `nng
omr ten IXA prmonsskm`. Ko ymu lrdgudtn orma cmjjnln d`g lnt ymur okrst n
n`try-jnvnj
`try-jnvnj pmsktkm`, tenrn ks d`
ndrjy `nng tm u`gnrstd`g prmcnss d`g euad` pnromrad`cn. Wen CIXD ks tedt okrst stnp. Wen CIXX cd` in

dttdk`ng dotnr omur yndrs mo nxpnrkn`cn. Ok`djjy, dotnr tn` yndrs mo nxpnrkn`cn, ymu cd` lm omr ten CIXJ
cnrtkokcdtkm`. Ndce cnrtkokcdtkm` cdrrkns wkte kt cnrtdk` jnvnj sfkjjs, cmapntn`ckns, d`g ten nxpnrkn`cn
`ncnssdry tm lrmw d`g pursun d cdrnnr pdte.

9?
 

Oklurn 4.3 Wen IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj

Wen IXA CIMF Lukgn cm`tdk`s ten f`mwjngln drnds, sfkjjs, d`g cmapntn`ckns tm stdrt m`n‛s IXA
 bmur`ny.

9<
 

4.4  F`mwjngln Drnds mo ten IXA CIMF

F`mwjngln drnds drn cmapjntn snts mo cm`cnpts,

c m`cnpts, tnras, d`g dctkvktkns tedt adfn up d prmonsskm`dj oknjg.
Wen omjjmwk`l kadln rnprnsn`ts f`mwjngln drnds omr ten Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t prmonsskm`.

Oklurn 4.7 IXA F`mwjngln Drnds

Weks IXA CIMF Lukgn prmvkgns d idskc rnonrn`cn omr IXA prdctktkm`nrs. Wen prkadry purpmsn mo ten IXA
CIMF Lukgn ks tm gnok`n ten prmonsskm` mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t d`g tm kgn`tkoy d`g prmvkgn d`
mvnrvknw mo ten f`mwjngln drnds tedt drn ln`nrdjjy rncml`kzng d`g dccnptng ds lmmg prdctkcn. Kt
k`cjugns rmjns d`g mrld`kzdtkm`dj structurns, ds wnjj ds prmvkskm`s tm stnnr d prmcnss-grkvn` mrld`kzdtkm`.
Wen lukgn prmvkgns d ln`nrdj mvnrvknw mo ndce
n dce f`mwjngln drnd d`g d jkst mo cmaam` dctkvktkns d`g tdsfs
dssmckdtng wkte ndce f`mwjngln drnd. Wen IXA CIMF Lukgn ks d` n`dijnr mo succnss. Kt dkas tm k`crndsn

cdpdikjktkns mo IXA Xrmonsskm`djs sm teny cd` gnvnjmp d`g lukgn prmcnss-grkvn` iusk`nss strdtnly omr
tenkr mrld`kzdtkm`s, suppmrtng iy n`dijk`l IXA tnce`mjmlkns, wekce jndgs tm ten succnss
succn ss mo ten
iusk`nssns.

Weks lukgn ks djsm k`tn`gng ds d sprk`limdrg omr gkscusskm`s dam`l IXA Xrmonsskm`djs. Motn`, d gksckpjk`n
suce ds IXA ok`gs gkoonrn`t lrmups usk`l jd`ludln k` gkoonrn`t wdys, rnsujtk`l k` cm`ojkctk`l tnrak`mjmly
mr gnok`ktkm`s tedt cd` cm`ousn gkscusskm`s m` ten tmpkc. M`n purpmsn mo ten
t en IXA CIMF Lukgn ks tm
n`cmurdln ten usn mo d cmaam`, dlrnng-upm` vmcdiujdry omr ten IXA gksckpjk`n. Kt djsm prmvkgns jk`fs
d`g rnonrn`cns tm mtenr smurcns mo k`omradtkm` tedt drn pdrt mo tten
en irmdgnr IXA Cmaam` Imgy mo
F`mwjngln.

K` dggktkm`, ten IXA CIMF Lukgn cm`vnys ten ou`gdan`tdj f`mwjngln rnqukrng mo d IXA Xrmonsskm`dj.

D`y dssnssan`t mr prmonsskm`dj cnrtkokcdtkm` k` ten oknjg rnqukrns d gnam`strdtng u`gnrstd`gk`l mo ten
cmrn IXA cm`cnpts mutjk`ng k` ten f`mwjngln drnds, ds wnjj ds ten dikjkty tm pnromra ten dctkvktkns d`g

95
 

tdsfs kgn`tkokng wktek` tena. Wen IXA CIMF Lukgn ks ten idsks omr gnvnjmpk`l qunstkm`s omr ten nxda
n xda
tedt k`gkvkgudjs aust pdss tm incman d Cnrtkokng Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Dssmckdtn (CIXD) d`g/mr Cnrtkokng
Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Xrmonsskm`dj (CIXX). Wensn nxdak`dtkm`s edvn inn` gnvnjmpng iy ten DIXAX ds ten
IXA CIMF Lukgn ks cm`structng d`g wkte ten dkg mo d prmonsskm`dj cnrtkokcdtkm` d`g jkcn`surn tnstk`l
cmapd`y. DIXAX omjjmws ten K`tnr`dtkm`dj Std`gdrg D@SK/KSM 4<897 d`g DCN (Danrkcd` Cmu`ckj m`
Ngucdtkm`) Ln`nrdj Ynqukrnan`ts omr Imgkns Mpnrdtk`l Cnrtkokcdtkm` mo Xnrsm`s
Xnr sm`s k` ten crndtkm` mo ten
cnrtkokcdtkm` d`g nxdak`dtkm` prmcnssns.

4.4.4  Mvnrvknw mo IXA CIMF F`mwjngln Drnds

Wen omjjmwk`l snctkm`s prmvkgn d ljkapsn mo ten cmvnrdln k` suisnqun`t cedptnrs mo ten IXA f`mwjngln
drnds.

4.4.9  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t

Wen Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t cedptnr omcusns m` ten cm`cnpts mo IXA, suce ds fny gnok`ktkm`s,
n`g-tm-n`g prmcnssns, custmanr vdjun, d`g ten `dturn mo
m o crmss-ou`ctkm`dj wmrf. Xrmcnss typns, prmcnss
cmapm`n`ts, ten IXA jkon cycjn, djm`l wkte crktkcdj sfkjjs d`g succnss odctmrs drn k`trmgucng d`g
nxpjmrng. Weks snctkm` gnok`ns IXA d`g prmvkgns ten omu`gdtkm` omr nxpjmrk`l ten cmrn f`mwjngln drnds
mo IXA.

4.4.3  Xrmcnss Amgnjk`l

Xrmcnss amgnjk`l k`cjugns d crktkcdj snt mo

m o sfkjjs d`g prmcnssns tedt n`dijn pnmpjn tm u`gnrstd`g,
cmaau`kcdtn, andsurn, d`g ad`dln ten prkadry cmapm`n`ts mo iusk`nss prmcnssns. Wen Xrmcnss
Amgnjk`l Cmrn Drnd prmvkgns d` mvnrvknw mo tensn sfkjjs, dctkvktkns, d`g fny gnok`ktkm`s, djm`l wkte d`
nxpjd`dtkm` mo ten purpmsn d`g in`nokts mo prmcnss amgnjk`l, d gkscusskm` mo ten typns d`g usns mo
prmcnss amgnjs, d`g ten tmmjs, tnce`kquns, d`g amgnjk`l std`gdrgs. Ds mo _nrskm`
_nr skm` 7, ten cm`cnpt mo d
 prmcnss rnpmsktmry  ks
 ks k`cjugng d`g rnonrn`cng k` mtenr cedptnrs ds dpprmprkdtn.

4.4.7  Xrmcnss D`djysks

Xrmcnss d`djysks k`vmjvns d systnadtkc rnvknw d`g d` k`-gnpte nxdak`dtkm` mo iusk`nss prmcnssns,

k`cjugk`l ten nookckn`cy d`g noonctkvn`nss mo iusk`nss prmcnssns. Weks cedptnr nxpjmrns prmcnss d`djysks
purpmsn, dctkvktkns tm suppmrt prmcnss gncmapmsktkm`, d`g d`djytkcdj ordanwmrfs. Kt cmvnrs ten
t en rmjns,
scmpn, iusk`nss cm`tnxt, rujns, d`g pnromrad`cn antrkcs
an trkcs tedt adfn up prmcnss d`djysks. Wen omcus ks m`
u`gnrstd`gk`l currn`t-stdtn prmcnssns wkte d vknw tm dceknvk`l kaprmvnan`ts k` ten outurn stdtn. D
vdrknty mo prmcnss d`djysks typns, tmmjs, d`g tnce`kquns drn k`cjugng wktek` teks f`mwjngln drnd.

4.4.>  Xrmcnss Gnskl`

Xrmcnss gnskl` k`vmjvns crndtk`l ten outurn stdtn mr gnskl` omr iusk`nss prmcnssns wktek` ten cm`tnxt mo
ten mrld`kzdtkm`dj strdtnly d`g jk`fk`l prmcnss pnromrad`cn mibnctkvns tm ten strdtnly d`g lmdjs. Kt

prmvkgns ten pjd`s d`g lukgnjk`ns omr emw wmrf prmcnssns ojmw, emw rujns drn dppjkng, skaujdtkm` mo ten
outurn stdtn, prmcnss cmapjkd`cn, d`g mpnrdtkm`dj
mpnr dtkm`dj cm`trmjs. Wen vdjun mo prmcnss gnskl` ks gkscussng

9;
 

djm`l wkte pjd``k`l omr emw iusk`nss prmcnssns ou`ctkm` d`g drn andsurng, lmvnr`ng, d`g ad`dlng.
Weks f`mwjngln drnd nxpjmrns prmcnss gnskl` rmjns, tnce`kquns,
t nce`kquns, d`g prk`ckpjns mo lmmg gnskl`. Wen
cedptnr djsm nxpjmrns cmaam` prmcnss gnskl` pdttnr`s d`g cm`skgnrdtkm`s
c m`skgnrdtkm`s suce ds cmapjkd`cn,
nxncutkvn jndgnrsekp, d`g strdtnlkc djkl`an`t.

4.4.?  Xrmcnss Xnromrad`cn Andsurnan`t

Xrmcnss pnromrad`cn andsurnan`t  ks

 ks ten omradj, pjd``ng am`ktmrk`l mo prmcnss nxncutkm`
nxn cutkm` d`g ten
trdcfk`l mo rnsujts tm gntnrak`n ten
t en noonctkvn`nss d`g nookckn`cy mo ten prmcnss. Weks k`omradtkm` ks usng
tm adfn gnckskm`s omr kaprmvk`l mr rntkrk`l nxkstk`l
n xkstk`l prmcnssns d`g/mr k`trmguck`l `nw prmcnssns k` mrgnr
tm annt ten strdtnlkc
strdtn lkc mibnctkvns mo ten mrld`kzdtkm`. Wmpkcs cmvnrng k`cjugn ten kapmrtd`cn d`g in`nokts
mo pnromrad`cn andsurnan`t, fny prmcnss pnromrad`cn gnok`ktkm`s, am`ktmrk`l d`g cm`trmjjk`l
mpnrdtkm`s, djkl`an`t mo iusk`nss prmcnssns d`g n`tnrprksn pnromrad`cn, wedt tm andsurn, prmcnss d`g
andsurnan`t antemgs d`g ordanwmrfs, amgnjk`l d`g skaujdtkm`, gnckskm` suppmrt omr Xrmcnss Mw`nrs
d`g ad`dlnrs, d`g cm`skgnrdtkm`s omr succnss.

4.4.<  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Wrd`somradtkm`

Xrmcnss trd`somradtkm` napedskzns tedt ten IXA jkon cycjn, k`cjugk`l iusk`nss d`g/mr gklktdj
trd`somradtkm`, inlk`s wkte strdtnly d`g cdscdgns gmw` tm nxncutkm`.
n xncutkm`. Wen cedptnr djsm dggrnssns
ced`ln ad`dlnan`t dssmckdtng wkte tensn trd`somradtkm`s.
tr d`somradtkm`s. Xrmcnss ced`lns drn gkscussng k` ten
cm`tnxt mo ten IXA jkon cycjn orma pjd``k`l tm kapjnan`tdtkm`. _drkmus prmcnss kaprmvnan`t, rngnskl`,
d`g rnn`lk`nnrk`l antemgmjmlkns drn nxpjmrng, djm`l wkte ten
t en tdsfs dssmckdtng wkte cm`structkm`,
qudjkty cm`trmj, d`g ten k`trmguctkm` d`g nvdjudtkm` mo `nw prmcnssns. Wen tmpkc mo mrld`kzdtkm`dj
ced`ln ad`dlnan`t, k`cjugk`l ced`ln ad`dlnan`t inst prdctkcns omr trd`somradtkm` drn djsm
dggrnssng.

4.4.5  Wnce`mjmly d`g Wrd`somradtkm`

Wen tnce`mjmly d`g trd`somradtkm` f`mwjngln drnd cmvnrs n`tnrprksn

n`tnr prksn tnce`mjmlkns tedt suppmrt
mrld`kzdtkm`dj iusk`nss trd`somradtkm`. N`tnrprksn tnce`mjmlkns, k`cjugk`l IXA, n`dijn iusk`nss d`g
gklktdj trd`somradtkm`. IXA ks d tnce`mjmly-n`dijng d`g tnce`mjmly-suppmrtng ad`dlnan`t gksckpjk`n.
Wen snctkm` k`cjugns IXA tnce`mjmlkns dvdkjdijn tm suppmrt ten pjd``k`l, gnskl`, d`djysks, mpnrdtkm`,
d`g am`ktmrk`l mo iusk`nss prmcnssns. Wensn tnce`mjmlkns k`cjugn ten snt mo dppjkcdtkm` pdcfdlns,
gnvnjmpan`t tmmjs, k`ordstructurn tnce`mjmlkns, d`g gdtd d`g k`omradtkm` stmrns tedt prmvkgn suppmrt
s uppmrt tm
IXA Xrmonsskm`djs d`g wmrfnrs k` IXA-rnjdtng dctkvktkns. K`tnlrdtng Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t
Suktns (kIXAS), prmcnss rnpmsktmrkns, d`g cjmug-idsng pjdtomras omr amgnjk`l, d`djysks, gnskl`,
nxncutkm`, d`g am`ktmrk`l drn gkscussng. IXA std`gdrgs, antemgmjmlkns, d`g nanrlk`l trn`gs
t rn`gs drn djsm
cmvnrng. Ds mo _nrskm` 7, rmimtkc prmcnss dutmadtkm` (YXD), ijmcfcedk`, drtkokckdj k`tnjjkln`cn, adcek`n
jndr`k`l, d`g K`tnr`nt mo tek`ls (KmW) drn k`cjugng k` teks cedptnr.

38
 

4.4.;  Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Mrld`kzdtkm` d`g Cujturn

Wen prmcnss ad`dlnan`t mrld`kzdtkm`

mrld`kzdtkm` f`mwjngln drnd dggrnssns ten rmjns, rnspm`skikjktkns, d`g
rnpmrtk`l structurn tm suppmrt prmcnss-grkvn` mrld`kzdtkm`s.
mr ld`kzdtkm`s. Wen cedptnr k`cjugns d gkscusskm` mo wedt
gnok`ns d prmcnss-grkvn` n`tnrprksn, djm`l wkte cujturdj cm`skgnrdtkm`s d`g crmss-ou`ctkm`dj, tnda-idsng
pnromrad`cn. Wen kapmrtd`cn mo iusk`nss prmcnss lmvnr`d`cn ks nxpjmrng, djm`l wkte d vdrknty mo

lmvnr`d`cn structurns d`g ten `mtkm` mo d IXA Cn`tnr mo Nxcnjjn`cn (CmN). Ds mo _nrskm` 7, ten rmjn mo
cmjjdimrdtkm` k` IXA ks k`cjugng enrn d`g rnonrn`cng k` mtenr cedptnrs.

4.4.48  N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t

N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t  ks

 ks grkvn` iy ten `nng tm adxkakzn ten rnsujts mo iusk`nss prmcnssns
cm`skstn`t wkte wnjj-gnok`ng iusk`nss strdtnlkns d`g ou`ctkm`dj lmdjs idsng m` tensn strdtnlkns. Xrmcnss
 pmrtomjkm ad`dlnan`t  n`surns
 n`surns tedt ten prmcnss pmrtomjkm suppmrts cmrpmrdtn mr iusk`nss-u`kt strdtnlkns
d`g prmvkgns d antemg tm ad`dln d`g nvdjudtn k`ktkdtkvns. Wen N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t
f`mwjngln drnd kgn`tkokns tmmjs d`g antemgs tm dssnss prmcnss ad`dlnan`t
a d`dlnan`t adturkty jnvnjs, djm`l wkte
rnqukrng IXA prdctkcn drnds tedt
t edt cd` kaprmvn d IXA mrld`kzdtkm` stdtn. Snvnrdj iusk`nss prmcnss
ordanwmrfs drn gkscussng, djm`l wkte ten `mtkm` mo prmcnss k`tnlrdtkm` ‗ tedt ks, k`tnrdctkm` mo vdrkmus
prmcnssns wkte ndce mtenr d`g wkte amgnjs tedt tkn pnromrad`cn, lmdjs, tnce`mjmlkns, pnmpjn, d`g
cm`trmjs (imte ok`d`ckdj d`g mpnrdtkm`dj) tm iusk`nss strdtnly d`g pnromrad`cn mibnctkvns. Wen tmpkcs mo
prmcnss drcektncturn d`g inst prdctkcns k` N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t drn nxpjmrng.

Currn`t _nrskm` Cmaan`ts

Xjndsn sn`g cmaan`ts tm DIXAX termule mur wnisktn d`g jnt us f`mw ko tenrn drn d`y tmpkcs ymu
injknvn wn semujg k`cjugn mr ko ymu edvn gksdlrnnan`ts wkte ten dssmckdtkm`‛s pmk`t mo vknw. [mur
cmaan`ts wkjj in usng ds d omu`gdtkm` omr outurn vnrskm`s.
vnr skm`s.

Yndgnrs wem wmujg jkfn tm snn dggktkm`dj tmpkcs mr gkscusskm`s k` outurn vnrskm`s drn k`vktng tm sn`g djj
sullnstkm`s mr rncmaan`gdtkm`s omr ced`lns tm DIXAX dt 
dt www.dipap.mrl/pdln/onngidcf]CIMF.
www.dipap.mrl/pdln/onngidcf]CIMF.  

4.9  IXA Sfkjjs d`g Cmapntn`ckns (IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj)

Wen DIXAX IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj wds gnvnjmpng tm dggrnss ten

t en mvnrdjj `nng tm prmvkgn IXA
Xrmonsskm`djs d gnvnjmpan`tdj pdte tedt mutjk`ns ten sfkjjs, cmapntn`ckns, d`g nxpnrkn`cn jnvnjs omr
k`gkvkgudjs pursuk`l d cdrnnr k` Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t. Wen amgnj djsm semws emw tedt
gnvnjmpan`tdj pdte djkl`s IXA CIMF cm`tn`t f`mwjngln drnds wkte ten DIXAX IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm`s.

Wen IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj lrdpekc tedt omjjmws prmvkgns d cm`cnptudj u`gnrstd`gk`l mo ten
nxpnrkn`cn jnvnj rnqukrnan`ts ds m`n prmlrnssns orma n`try jnvnj (CIXD) tm jndgnrsekp jnvnj (CIXJ). Wen
CIXD rnqukrns nktenr d Idcenjmr‛s gnlrnn mr dt jndst m`n yndr mo wmrf nxpnrkn`cn tm in njklkijn. Wen CIXX
jnvnj rnqukrns d ak`kaua mo omur yndrs mo wmrf
wmr f nxpnrkn`cn d`g ks k`tn`gng omr k`gkvkgudjs wem cd`
gnam`strdtn prmbnct-mrkn`tng, IXA-rnjdtng kaprmvnan`ts. Wen CIXJ rnqukrns d ak`kaua mo tn` yndrs
mo nxpnrkn`cn d`g semujg k`cjugn n`tnrprksn-jnvnj iusk`nss prmcnss ced`ln prmbncts wkte dt jndst m`n
adbmr crmss-ou`ctkm`dj prmcnss.

34
 

Wen IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj Adtrkx ks kjjustrdtng k` ten omjjmwk`l tdijn ds d m`n-pdln suaadry. Wen oujj
amgnj ks tekrtnn` pdlns d`g cmvnrs ndce
n dce cdtnlmry mo sfkjj d`g cmapntn`cy k` gntdkj omr ndce IXA
Cnrtkokcdtkm` jnvnj. Wen oujj vnrskm` mo ten IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj ks dvdkjdijn k` Dppn`gkx D.

Oklurn 4.> IXA Cmapntn`cy Amgnj Adtrkx Suaadry

4.3   DIXAX IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm` Jnvnjs

IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm` and`s tedt d` k`gkvkgudj eds2

◍  Dceknvng dpprmprkdtn prmonsskm`dj nxpnrkn`cn d`g/mr ngucdtkm`
◍  Xdssng d rklmrmus nxdak`dtkm` mo 438 qunstkm`s
◍  Dlrnng tm dikgn iy d prmonsskm`dj cmgn mo cm`guct
◍  Cmaakttng tm adk`tdk`k`l d` dctkvn crngn`tkdj termule anntk`l cm`tk`uk`l prmonsskm`dj
gnvnjmpan`t rnqukrnan`ts
Wen DIXAX IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm` prmlrda ks u`kqun k` mur rdpkgjy ced`lk`l adrfntpjdcn.
adrfnt pjdcn. Wen IXA
Cnrtkokcdtkm`s wnrn gnvnjmpng iy d`g omr IXA prdctktkm`nrs. Weny drn ten okrst k`gnpn`gn`t, prmonsskm`dj
nxdak`dtkm`s d`g cnrtkokcdtkm` prmlrdas k` ten drnd mo IXA. Wen IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm`s edvn inn` gnskl`ng
tm cmapjy wkte k`tnr`dtkm`dj cnrtkokcdtkm` std`gdrgs d`g drn `mw ten
t en k`tnr`dtkm`djjy rncml`kzng
std`gdrgs omr IXA Xrmonsskm`djs. Wen IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm`s drn moonrng iy DIXAX termule mur cedptnrs
d`g dookjkdtns wmrjgwkgn, rnprnsn`tk`l ten jdrlnst qudjkokng cm`stktun`cy mo IXA prdctktkm`nrs tmgdy.
t mgdy.

Wenrn drn ternn IXA Cnrtkokcdtkm`s2 CIXD, CIXX, d`g CIXJ.

39
 

CIXD. Wen Cnrtkokng Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Dssmckdtn  cnrtkokcdtn ks omr `nw IXA
I XA prdctktkm`nrs. Wemsn wem edvn
cmapjntng (mr drn k` prmcnss mo
m o cmapjntk`l) d` u`gnrlrdgudtn gnlrnn mr wem edvn wm
wmrfng
rfng k` d Iusk`nss
Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t rmjn omr dt jndst m`n yndr drn n
njklkijn
jklkijn tm skt omr ten nxda. Wen nx
nxda
da gnam`strdtns
d` u`gnrstd`gk`l mo iusk`nss prmcnss kaprmvnan`t d`g trd`somradtkm` cm`cnpts dcrmss ten gksckpjk`ns
cmvnrng iy ten IXA CIMF Lukgn. Wen CIXD cnrtkokcdtkm` djjmws temsn `nw tm ten prmonsskm` tm
gnam`strdtn tenkr u`gnrstd`gk`l mo ten cm`cnpts, dpprmdcens, tnce`kquns,
t nce`kquns, d`g tnce`mjmlkns `nngng tm
succnng k` IXA d`g enjps tena std`g mut m ut dam`l tenkr pnnrs. Wen CIXD cnrtkokcdtn ks amrn ted` d`
dcdgnakc cnrtkokcdtkm` mr d cnrtkokcdtn
cnr tkokcdtn mo stugy. Kt ks k`gnpn`gn`t vnrkokcdtkm` tedt ten k`gkvkgudj eds d
smjkg jnvnj mo idskc cmapntn`cy k` Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t d`g ady edvn dppjkng ten cm`cnpts k`
gdy-tm-gdy wmrf nxpnrkn`cn.

CIXX. Wen Cnrtkokng Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Xrmonsskm`dj  cnrtkokcdtn

 cnrtkokcdtn ks omr k`gkvkgudjs wem drn nxpnrkn`cng
nxpnrkn `cng IXA
prdctktkm`nrs d`g rnqukrns d ak`kaua mo omur yndrs mo IXA wmrf. Kt ks d prn-rnquksktn
prn -rnquksktn omr pursuk`l ten
Cnrtkokng Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Jndgnr (CIXJ) cnrtkokcdtn.

CIXJ. Wen Cnrtkokng Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Jndgnr  cnrtkokcdtn

 cnrtkokcdtn ks omcusng m` prdctktkm`nrs
prdct ktkm`nrs k` jndgnrsekp d`g
rnqukrns d ak`kaua mo tn` yndrs mo nxpnrkn`cn. Wemsn snnfk`l teks jnvnj semujg edvn nxpnrkn`cn k`
n`tnrprksn-jnvnj iusk`nss prmcnss ced`ln tedt k`cjugns dt jndst m`n
m `n adbmr crmss-ou`ctkm`dj prmcnss.

Oklurn 4.? Cnrtkokcdtkm` Jnvnjs wkte Njklkikjkty Ynqukrnan`ts

33
 

9  K`trmguctkm`
K` teks cedptnr, ymu wkjj ok`g gnok`ktkm`s rnjdtng tm ten IXA CIMF Lukgn, d stdtnan`t mo purpmsn, emw
teks lukgn ks mrld`kzng, ten grkvnrs omr usk`l IXA, d`g d` nxpjd`dtkm` mo wenrn IXA okts k` ten
prmonsskm`dj spdcn.

9.4  \edt Ks d Imgy mo F`mwjngln=

D imgy mo f`mwjngln ks d cmjjnctkm` mo djj ten dvdkjdijn f`mwjngln m` d tmpkc

tm pkc mr djj ten puijkseng adtnrkdj
m` d suibnct. Weks gnok`ktkm` mo cmrpus (djsm cdjjng imgy mo f`mwjngln) cmans orma
iusk`nssgkctkm`dry.cma.

Omr ten purpmsns mo IXA, wn dgdpt ten gnok`ktkm` tm2  D cmjjnctkm` mo djj ten dvdkjdijn
dvdkjdijn f`mwjngln m` ten
t en suibnct. 
currn`tjy dccnptng prdctkcns mo d tmpkc, k`cjugk`l djj ten puijkseng adtnrkdj m` ten

9.9  \edt Ks ten IXA CIMF Lukgn=

Lukgn=

I usk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t Cmaam` Imgy mo F`mwjngln (IXA CIMF Lukgn) ks ten

Lukgn tm ten Iusk`nss
ljmidjjy rncml`kzng std`gdrg omr ten prdctkcn mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t. Wen IXA CIMF Lukgn 

gnscrkins iusk`nss prmcnss ad`dlnan`t f`mwjngln drnds, fny cm`cnpts, d`g ln`nrdjjy dccnptng inst
prdctkcns (sfkjjs d`g cmapntn`ckns) tm lukgn d` mrld`kzdtkm` m` d prmcnss-jng bmur`ny.

\en` d `nw tnra ks usng k` ten adrfnt, u`tkj kt ks gnok`ng d`g incmans d inst prdctkcn, kt wm`‛t in k`
ten IXA CIMF Lukgn. Smckdj IXA ks m`n nxdapjn mo suce tnrak`mjmly.
tn rak`mjmly. Xrmcnss ak`k`l ks d`mtenr
nxdapjn wenrn ten adrfntpjdcn (amstjy KW d`g IXA vn`gmrs) ks usk`l ten tnra gnok`ng ds omjjmws2
 prmcnss ak`k`l ks d prmcnss d`djysks antemg tedt dkas tm gkscmvnr, am`ktmr, d`g kaprmvn rndj prmcnssns
(prmcnssns `mt dssuang) iy nxtrdctk`l f`mwjngln ndskjy orma dvdkjdijn nvn`t jmls k` ten systnas mo
currn`t k`omradtkm` mo d` mrld`kzdtkm`. Wedt gnok`ktkm` dctudjjy gnscrkins d` nxkstk`l cdpdikjkty mo ad`y
IXA systnas tedt gm prmcnss ak`k`l, wekce ks skapjy d omra mo prmcnss gkscmvnry. Omr amrn k`omradtkm`
pjndsn rnonr tm2 
tm2 ettps2//angkua.cma/Hpngrmrmijngmipa/prmcnss-ak`k`l-pjdys-d`-nssn`tkdj-rmjn-k`-
gklktdj-trd`somradtkm`-35753;93?iin.. 
gklktdj-trd`somradtkm`-35753;93?iin

Incdusn ten tnra Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t (IXA) ks usng sm ornqun`tjy termulemut teks
puijkcdtkm`, wn k`cjugn ten gnok`ktkm`, ds dppjkng, enrnk`2

Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t (IXA) (IXA) ks ks d gksckpjk`ng ad`dlnan`t

ad`dlnan`t dpprmdce tm
kgn`tkoy, gnskl`, nxncutn, gmcuan`t, andsurn, am`ktmr, d`g cm`trmj imte
dutmadtng d`g `m`-dutmadtng iusk`nss prmcnssns tm dceknvn cm`skstn`t, tdrlntng
rnsujts djkl`ng wkte d` mrld`kzdtkm`‛s strdtnlkc
strdtnlkc lmdjs. IXA k`vmjvns
k`vm jvns ten gnjkinrdtn,
cmjjdimrdtkvn, d`g k`crndsk`ljy tnce`mjmly-dkgng gnok`ktkm`, kaprmvnan`t,
k``mvdtkm`, d`g ad`dlnan`t mo n`g-tm-n`g iusk`nss prmcnssns tedt grkvn iusk`nss
rnsujts, crndtn vdjun omr custmanrs, d`g n`dijn d` mrld`kzdtkm` tm annt kts
iusk`nss mibnctkvns wkte amrn dlkjkty.

37
 

9.9.4  Xurpmsn mo ten IXA CIMF Lukgn 

Lukgn 

Weks IXA CIMF Lukgn prmvkgns d idskc rnonrn`cn mo IXA

I XA inst prdctkcns omr IXA prdctktkm`nrs. Wen
prkadry purpmsn mo ten IXA CIMF Lukgn ks tm gnok`n ten prmonsskm` mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t
d`g tm kgn`tkoy d`g prmvkgn d` mvnrvknw mo ten f`mwjngln drnds tedt drn ln`nrdjjy rncml`kzng
rn cml`kzng d`g
dccnptng ds inst prdctkcn. Kt k`cjugns rmjns d`g mrld`kzdtkm`dj structurns ds wnjj ds prmvkskm`s tm stnnr d

prmcnss-grkvn` mrld`kzdtkm`. Wen lukgn prmvkgns d ln`nrdj mvnrvknw mo ndce f`mwjngln drnd d`g d jkst mo
cmaam` dctkvktkns d`g tdsfs dssmckdtng wkte ndce f`mwjngln drnd. Wen IXA CIMF Lukgn djjmws IXA
Xrmonsskm`djs tm k`crndsn tenkr cdpdikjktkns d`g tenrniy gnvnjmp dpprmprkdtn iusk`nss strdtnlkns,
suppmrtng iy n`dijk`l IXA tnce`mjmlkns, wekce jndgs tm iusk`nss succnss.

Weks lukgn ks djsm k`tn`gng ds d sprk`limdrg omr gkscusskm`s dam`l IXA Xrmonsskm`djs. Motn`, d gksckpjk`n
suce ds IXA ok`gs gkoonrn`t lrmups usk`l jd`ludln k` gkoonrn`t wdys, rnsujtk`l k` tnrak`mjmly mr
cm`ojkctk`l gnok`ktkm`s tedt cd` cm`ousn gkscusskm`s m` ten tmpkc. M`n purpmsn mo ten IXA CIMF Lukgn ks
tm n`cmurdln ten usn mo
m o d cmaam`, dlrnng-upm` vmcdiujdry omr ten IXA gksckpjk`n. Kt djsm prmvkgns jk`fs
d`g rnonrn`cns tm mtenr smurcns mo k`omradtkm` tedt drn pdrt mo ten irmdgnr IXA Cmaam` Imgy mo
F`mwjngln.

K` dggktkm`, ten IXA CIMF Lukgn rnojncts ten ou`gdan`tdj f`mwjngln rnqukrng mo d IXA Xrmonsskm`dj.
D`y dssnssan`t mr prmonsskm`dj cnrtkokcdtkm` k` ten oknjg rnqukrns d gnam`strdtng u`gnrstd`gk`l mo ten
cmrn IXA cm`cnpts mutjk`ng k` ten f`mwjngln drnds, ds wnjj ds ten dikjkty tm pnromra ten dctkvktkns
kgn`tkokng wktek` tena. Wen IXA CIMF Lukgn ks ten idsks omr gnvnjmpk`l nxdak`dtkm` qunstkm`s omr ten
nxda tedt k`gkvkgudjs aust pdss tm incman d Cnrtkokng
C nrtkokng Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Dssmckdtn (CIXD) d`g/mr
Cnrtkokng Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Xrmonsskm`dj (CIXX). Wensn nxdak`dtkm`s edvn inn` gnvnjmpng iy ten DIXAX
ds ten IXA CIMF Lukgn ks cm`structng d`g wkte ten dkg mo d prmonsskm`dj cnrtkokcdtkm` d`g jkcn`surn
tnstk`l cmapd`y. DIXAX omjjmws ten K`tnr`dtkm`dj Std`gdrg D@SK/KSM 4<897 d`g DCN (Danrkcd` Cmu`ckj
m` Ngucdtkm`) Ln`nrdj Ynqukrnan`ts omr Imgkns Mpnrdtk`l Cnrtkokcdtkm` mo Xnrsm`s
Xn rsm`s k` ten crndtkm` mo ten
cnrtkokcdtkm` d`g nxdak`dtkm` prmcnssns.

9.9.9  Mrld`kzdtkm` mo Snctkm`s

Wen IXA CIMF Lukgn ks mrld`kzng k` IXA f`mwjngln drnds mr cmrn drnds mr snctkm`s, ds mutjk`ng k`
Oklurn 9.4. Wensn IXA cmrn drnds drn snlan`tng k`tm d irmdgnr, mrld`kzdtkm`dj-mrkn`tng pnrspnctkvn
d`g d prmcnss pnrspnctkvn. IXA cmrn drnds rnojnct IXA cdpdikjktkns tedt ady in cm`skgnrng iy d`
mrld`kzdtkm` kapjnan`tk`l Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t.

IXA cm`cnpts drn cmvnrng k` ten

t en Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t cedptnr, wekce snts ten stdln omr djj mo
ten IXA cmrn drnds.

3>
 

Oklurn 9.4 Cmrn Drnds

Drn ds mo IXA d`g CIMF Mrld`kzdtkm`

9.3  \ey IXA Adttnrs

Wenrn drn ad`y rndsm`s wey IXA adttnrs

adttn rs tm iusk`nssns nvn` wen` sn`kmr jndgnrs ady `mt in ds
prmcnss mrkn`tng ds mtenrs. Wen rndsm`s drn usudjjy gnvnjmpng orma usk`l strdtnlkc d`djysks tnce`kquns
mr ordanwmrfs omr u`gnrstd`gk`l ten grkvnrs mo ced`ln.
c ed`ln. Wen twm typns mo grkvnrs drn k` ten cm`tnxt mo
ten mrld`kzdtkm` d`g cmaprksn d jktd`y mo grkvnrs imte k`tnr`dj d`g nxtnr`dj tm ten mrld`kzdtkm`.

 
9.7 Wen IXA Xrmonsskm`dj Spdcn
Iy prmonsskm`dj spdcn, wn and` djj ten k`tnr`dj d`g nxtnr`dj odctmrs tedt k`ojun`cn gnckskm`s surrmu`gk`l
iusk`nss prmcnss ad`dlnan`t. Omr IXA prdctktkm`nrs, ten IXA prmonsskm`dj
prm onsskm`dj spdcn rnprnsn`ts ten scmpn
mo f`mwjngln d`g cd` in d`djmlmus tm ten k`tnr`dj d`g nxtnr`dj grkvnrs. Wen IXA prmonsskm`dj spdcn ks
cmaprksng mo `k`n cmapm`n`ts, ds semw` k` Oklurn 9.9.

N`vkrm`an`t. K` Oklurn 9.9, ten imx m` ten jnot rnprnsn`ts ten nxtnr`dj n`vkrm`an`t, adgn up
Nxtnr`dj N`vkrm`an`t.
mo ten n`tnrprksn's rnjnvd`t n`vkrm`an`t, IXA prdctkcn
pr dctkcn k`ojun`cns, d`g IXA prmonsskm`dj gnvnjmpan`t
prmlrdas. Wen n`tnrprksn‛s rnjnvd`t n`vkrm`an`t  k`cjugns
 k`cjugns cmapntktmrs, k`gustry dssmckdtkm`s, d`g
rnlujdtmrs. IXA prdctkcn k`ojun`cnrs k`cjugn prmonsskm`dj dssmckdtkm`s, rujn-adfk`l k`stktutkm`s, d`g
tnce`mjmly vn`gmrs. IXA prmonsskm`dj gnvnjmpan`t prmlrdas k`cjugn cmaam` imgy mo f`mwjngln
puijkcdtkm`s, rnsndrce prmbncts, ngucdtkm` prmlrdas, d`g prmonsskm`dj cnrtkokcdtkm`. Wen DIXAX ks

3?
 

strm`ljy cmaakttng tm suppmrtk`l prmlrdas tedt prmamtn IXA prmonsskm`dj prdctkcns d`g prmonsskm`dj
gnvnjmpan`t.

N`vkrm`an`t.. Wen akggjn imx k` Oklurn 9.9 semws ten `nxt okvn cmapm`n`ts, wekce
N`tnrprksn (K`tnr`dj) N`vkrm`an`t
drn k`tnr`dj tm ten n`tnrprksn2 iusk`nss strdtnly d`g lmvnr`d`cn6
lmvnr`d`cn6 IXA prmonsskm`dj prdctkcns6
prdctkcns6 iusk`nss
prmcnssns6 dppjkcdtkm`s, gdtd, d`g KW pjdtomras6 d`g vdjuns, injknos, jndgnrsekp, d`g cujturn. Iusk`nss

strdtnly d`g lmvnr`d`cn rnonrs tm lukgnjk`ns omr ad`dlnan`t mom o d` mrld`kzdtkm`. IXA prmonsskm`dj
 prdctkcns ks ten ad`dlnan`t mo ten mrld`kzdtkm`'s
m rld`kzdtkm`'s iusk`nss prmcnssns  prmcnss
 (prmcnss ad`dlnan`t )).. Iusk`nss
 prmcnssns drn ten omradjkzng mpnrdtkm`dj std`gdrgs mo d` mrld`kzdtkm`, imte k`tnr`dj d`g nxtnr`dj.
n xtnr`dj.
pjdtomras drn tnce`mjmly usng tm suppmrt iusk`nss prmcnssns. _djuns, injknos,
 Dppjkcdtkm`s, gdtd, d`g KW pjdtomras
jndgnrsekp, d`g cujturn drn odctmrs u`kqun tm d` mrld`kzdtkm` tedt k`ojun`cn emw napjmynns d`g
ad`dlnan`t inedvn.

N`vkrm`an`t.. Wen imx m` ten rklet k` Oklurn 9.9 gnpkcts ten nxtn`gng n`tnrprksn,
Nxtn`gng N`tnrprksn N`vkrm`an`t
wkte k`ojun`cns imte k`tnr`dj d`g nxtnr`dj. Wensn drn iusk`nss prmcnssns tedt
t edt drn mutsmurcng. Djtemule
nxncutng k` d` nxtnr`dj n`vkrm`an`t, teny drn nxtn`skm`s mo ten n`tnrprksn‛s iusk`nss prmcnssns. 

Wen fny pmk`t ks tedt k`ojun`cns m` IXA Xrmonsskm`djs nxtn`g mutskgn ten
t en mrld`kzdtkm` d`g aust in

cm`skgnrng ds pdrt mo d emjkstkc vknw mo kts iusk`nss prmcnssns.

Oklurn 9.92 IXA Xrmonsskm`dj

Xrmonsskm`dj Spdcn

3<
 

3  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t

Cedptnr 3 gnjvns k`tm iusk`nss prmcnss ad`dlnan`t.

3.4  \edt Ks IXA=

Wen omjjmwk`l snctkm`s d`swnr ten qunstkm`, wedt ks IXA=

3.4.4  Scmpn mo IXA K`ktkdtkvns

IXA prmvkgns d and`s tm omcus m` rnsujts ds wnjj

w njj ds cmursns mo dctkm`. Oklurn 3.4 kjjustrdtns ten scmpn mo
IXA k`ktkdtkvns.

Oklurn 3.42 Scmpn mo IXA K`ktkdtkvns

K`ktkdtkvns cd` in jkaktng k` scmpn, suce ds d prmbnct tedt tdrlnts iusk`nss prmcnss kaprmvnan`t (IXK).
Mutcmans cd` in dceknvng iy dppjyk`l ten IXA jkon cycjn ds gnscrking k` teks lukgn mr
m r iy dppjyk`l mtenr
antemgmjmlkns jkfn Jnd` Ad`dlnan`t mr Skx Sklad.

Iusk`nss prmcnss kaprmvnan`t (IXK)

(IXK) ks
 ks d sk`lujdr k`ktkdtkvn mr prmbnct tm
kaprmvn ten djkl`an`t d`g pnromrad`cn mo d pdrtkcujdr prmcnss wkte ten
mrld`kzdtkm`dj strdtnly d`g custmanr nxpnctdtkm`s. IXK k`cjugns ten snjnctkm`,
d`djysks, gnskl`, d`g kapjnan`tdtkm` mo ten (kaprmvng) prmcnss.

IXA ks djsm d emjkstkc systna tedt cd` ln`nrdtn mutcmans mo k`ktkdtkvns mr prmbncts. Weks rnsujt, cdjjng
N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t (NXA), k`cjugns ten strdtnly, vdjuns d`g cujturn, structurns d`g rmjns,
d`g d wemjn snt mo n`g-tm-n`g
n `g-tm-n`g prmcnssns wkte tenkr dssmckdtng lmdjs d`g k`gkcdtmrs, KW, d`g pnmpjn. Wen
gnlrnn mo prmlrnss rndceng cd` in dssnssng ds d prmcnss ad`dlnan`t adturkty jnvnj.
jnvnj.

35
 

N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t  (NXA)  (NXA) ks ten dppjkcdtkm` mo IXA prk`ckpjns,

antemgs, d`g prmcnssns tm d` k`gkvkgudj n`tnrprksn. NXA (d) dssurns ten djkl`an`t
mo ten pmrtomjkm d`g drcektncturn mo n`g-tm-n`g
n`g-tm- n`g prmcnssns wkte ten mrld`kzdtkm`‛s
strdtnly d`g rnsmurcns d`g (i) prmvkgns d lmvnr`d`cn amgnj omr ten ad`dlnan`t
d`g nvdjudtkm` mo IXA k`ktkdtkvns.

IXA cd` djsm in snn` ds d cm`tk`umus rnok`nan`t , wekce cd` in dceknvng iy ten dppjkcdtkm` mo d gdy-tm-
gdy onngidcf cm`trmj systna tm kaprmvn ten qudjkty mo sk`ljn prmcnssns d`g ten N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss
Ad`dlnan`t systna.

Iusk`nss prmcnss cm`tk`umus kaprmvnan`t  ks  ks ten sustdk`ng dpprmdce tm

am`ktmr prmcnss pnromrad`cn tm n`surn prmcnssns drn amrn nookckn`t d`g noonctkvn
iy dppjyk`l d cm`currn`t d`g rnspm`skvn onngidcf cm`trmj systna.

3.4.9  Gnok`ktkm`

Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t ks gnok`ng injmw. Kt ks djsm d ad`dlnan`t gksckpjk`n tedt trndts iusk`nss
prmcnssns ds dssnts. Kt prnsuans tedt mrld`kzdtkm`dj mibnctkvns cd` in dceknvng termule ten gnok`ktkm`,
c rmss-
n`lk`nnrk`l, cm`trmj, d`g gngkcdtkm` tm cm`tk`umus kaprmvnan`t mo ten mrld`kzdtkm`‛s adbmr crmss
ou`ctkm`dj iusk`nss prmcnssns.

Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t (IXA) ks

(IXA)  ks d gksckpjk`ng ad`dlnan`t
ad`dlnan`t dpprmdce tm
kgn`tkoy, gnskl`, nxncutn, gmcuan`t, andsurn, am`ktmr, d`g cm`trmj imte
dutmadtng d`g `m`-dutmadtng iusk`nss prmcnssns tm dceknvn cm`skstn`t, tdrlntng
rnsujts djkl`ng wkte d` mrld`kzdtkm`‛s str dtnlkc
dtnlkc lmdjs. IXA k`vmjvns ten gnjkinrdtn,
cmjjdimrdtkvn d`g k`crndsk`ljy tnce`mjmly-dkgng gnok`ktkm`, kaprmvnan`t,
k``mvdtkm`, d`g ad`dlnan`t mo n`g-tm-n`g iusk`nss prmcnssns tedt grkvn iusk`nss
rnsujts, crndtn vdjun omr custmanrs, d`g n`dijn d` mrld`kzdtkm` tm annt kts
iusk`nss mibnctkvns wkte amrn dlkjkty.

3.4.3  Cmrn Xrk`ckpjns mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t

Wen omjjmwk`l drn cmrn prk`ckpjns mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t tedt drn cn`trdj tm ten prdctkcn d`g
semujg in orm`t mo ak`g termulemut m`n‛s IXA prdctkcn.
◍  Iusk`nss ced`ln ks d pnromrad`cn-grkvn` ad`dlnan`t gksckpjk`n
◍  Iusk`nss ced`ln aust k`vmjvn djj rnjnvd`t stdfnemjgnrs k`vmjvng k` ten prmcnss
◍  Iusk`nss prmcnss ced`ln aust in dpprmdceng orma ten mutskgn k` (custmanr-grkvn`)
◍  Iusk`nss prmcnssns aust in ad`dlng emjkstkcdjjy wktek` d`y mrld`kzdtkm`
◍  Iusk`nss ced`ln aust in jk`fng tm ten stdfnemjgnr crktnrkd
c rktnrkd
◍  Iusk`nss prmcnss ced`ln aust in djkl`ng tm ten cmrpmrdtn strdtnly d`g ten lmdjs mo ten
mpnrdtkm`dj pjd` antrkcs
◍  Wen mrld`kzdtkm` aust snlan`t ten prkadry, crmss-ou`ctkm`dj prmcnssns tedt gnjkvnr
gn jkvnr vdjun tm ten
custmanr
3;
 

◍  Iusk`nss ced`ln ks dimut pnmpjn ds auce ds prmcnss

◍  Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t ks d bmur`ny, `mt d gnstk`dtkm`
gn stk`dtkm`
◍  Iusk`nss prmcnssns aust in ad`dlng cm`tk`umusjy k` d jkon cycjn amgnj

3.4.7  Emw Mrld`kzdtkm`s Semujg Dpprmdce Iusk`nss Ced`ln

Bust ds strdtnlkc pjd``k`l semujg in d` d``udj cycjn k` d`y mrld`kzdtkm`,

m rld`kzdtkm`, sm semujg ten dpprmdce in tm
iusk`nss (prmcnss) ced`ln. \ekjn tenrn drn ad`y IXA jkon cycjns k` usn tmgdy, wedt‛s amrn kapmrtd`t ks
tedt IXA prdctktkm`nrs usn d jkon cycjn tedt omjjmws ten prk`ckpjns mo Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t.

3.4.>  Wen IXA Jkon Cycjn Ordanwmrf

Wen ad`dlnan`t prdctkcn mo IXA omjjmws d prmcnss mr jkon cycjn mo k`tnlrdtng IXA pedsng dctkvktkns.
Amst jkon cycjns cd` in suaadrkzng iy d` ktnrdtkvn, pedsng snt mo dctkvktkns tedt k`cjugn2

(4)  Djkl`an`t tm strdtnly d`g lmdjs

(9)  Drcektnct ced`lns
(3)  Gnvnjmp k`ktkdtkvns
(7)  Kapjnan`t ced`lns

(>)  Andsurn succnss

Cm`tk`umus kaprmvnan`t ks pdrt mo ten jdst pedsn. Ds d IXA
I XA prdctktkm`nr cdscdgns termule ten IXA jkon
cycjn, ds kjjustrdtng k` Oklurn 3.9, iusk`nss prmcnssns drn n`dijng mr cm`strdk`ng iy d vdrknty mo odctmrs
k`cjugk`l ten omur prkadry odctmrs mo vdjuns, injknos, jndgnrsekp, d`g cujturn.

Oklurn 3.9 Okvn Xedsns mo IXA Jkon

J kon Cycjn

3.4.>.4  Xedsn 42 Djkl`an`t tm Strdtnly

Strdtnly d`g Lmdjs
Lmdjs
Wen IXA jkon cycjn inlk`s wkte gnvnjmpk`l d prmcnss-grkvn` strdtnly d`g pjd` omr ten mrld`kzdtkm`. Weks
pedsn stdrts wkte d` u`gnrstd`gk`l mo mrld`kzdtkm`dj strdtnlkns d`g lmdjs tedt drn gnskl`ng tm n`surn d
cmapnjjk`l vdjun prmpmsktkm` omr custmanrs. Wen strdtnlkc pjd` prmvkgns structurn d`g gkrnctkm`
gkrnct km` omr
cm`tk`ung custmanr-cn`trkc prmcnss ad`dlnan`t. Kt jdys d omu`gdtkm` omr d emjkstkc IXA dpprmdce tm
n`surn ten djkl`an`t wkte mrld`kzdtkm`dj strdtnly d`g lmdjs wkte ten
t en k`tnlrdtkm` mo strdtnly, pnmpjn,
prmcnssns, d`g systnas dcrmss ou`ctkm`dj imu`gdrkns. Weks pedsn snts ten strdtnly d`g gkrnctkm` omr
djkl`k`l prmcnss d`g prmcnss cdpdikjkty tm ten mrld`kzdtkm`‛s strdtnly. Kt djsm kgn`tkokns d`g djkl`s
prmcnssns tm custmanr mibnctkvns. Crktkcdj tm teks pedsn ks gntnrak`k`l ten prmcnss k` omcus omr cced`ln
ed`ln
d`g ok`djjy tm djkl` temsn prmcnss antrkcs tm ten lmdjs mo ten mrld`kzdtkm`. D`ckjjdry dctkvktkns k`cjugn
78
 

kgn`tkoyk`l dpprmprkdtn IXA Cn`tnr mo Nxcnjjn`cn (CmN) mrld`kzdtkm`dj rmjns d`g rnspm`skikjktkns,
rn spm`skikjktkns,
nxncutkvn spm`smrsekp, d`g nxpnctng rnsmurcn cmaaktan`ts.

3.4.>.9  Xedsn 92 Drcektnct Ced`lns

Gurk`l pedsn 9, ten wmrf mo prmcnss amgnjk`l, prmcnss d`djysks, prmcnss gnskl`, d`g Xrmcnss
Xnromrad`cn Andsurnan`t mccurs. Xedsn 9 usns antemgmjmlkns gkscussng k` teks IXA CIMF Lukgn tm

kgn`tkoy currn`t adbmr, crmss-ou`ctkm`dj mrld`kzdtkm`dj prmcnssns k` ten cm`tnxt mo ten gnskrng lmdjs d`g
mibnctkvns. Xrdctktkm`nrs usn d`djysks tm dsskakjdtn k`omradtkm` orma strdtnlkc pjd`s, prmcnss amgnjs,
pnromrad`cn andsurnan`ts, ced`lns k` ten n`vkrm`an`t,
n `vkrm`an`t, d`g mtenr odctmrs k` mrgnr tm oujjy u`gnrstd`g
ten iusk`nss prmcnss prkmrktkns tm in kapjnan`tng k` ten mrld`kzdtkm`. Djj gnskl` dctkvktkns omcus m` emw
ten `nw rmjns wkjj gnjkvnr vdjun tm custmanrs.

3.4.>.3  Xedsn 32 Gnvnjmp K`ktkdtkvns

Xedsn 3 ks wenrn djj mo ten pjd`s drn gnvnjmpng omr kapjnan`tdtkm`. Wen lukgn gmns `mt cmvnr emw tm
gnvnjmp tensn k`ktkdtkvns, iut gmns lkvn d irkno gnscrkptkm` mo ten omjjmwk`l pjd`s.
◍  Xrmcnss trdk`k`l pjd`
◍  Ced`ln ad`dlnan`t pjd`
◍  Xrmbnct pjd`
◍  Wnce`mjmly ced`ln pjd`
◍  In`nokts rndjkzdtkm` pjd`

3.4.>.7  Xedsn 72 Kapjnan`t Ced`lns

Gurk`l pedsn 7 ten mrld`kzdtkm` kapjnan`ts djj mo ten pjd`s orma pedsn 3, cmmrgk`dtng d`g ad`dlng iy
ten prmlrda spm`smr d`g prmbnct ad`dlnr. Weks pedsn rnqukrns d structurng prmbnct kapjnan`tdtkm`
scengujn omr ndce tdsf d`g dctkvkty iy pedsn wkte
w kte gnpn`gn`ckns, prngncnssmrs, d`g sm m`. Wen
tnce`mjmly Lm-Jkvn ks pdrt mo teks pedsn, djm`l wkte tnce`mjmly
tnc e`mjmly d`g prmcnss stdikjkzdtkm`. Sk`cn ten IXA
CIMF Lukgn ks `mt prnscrkptkvn, kt gmns `mt cmvnr emw-tm tmpkcs jkfn kapjnan`tdtkm`.

3.4.>.>  Xedsn >2 Andsurn Succnss

Xedsn > k`cjugns rndjkzdtkm` mo in`nokts, wekce drn andsurng dldk`st prmbnctng in`nokts orma ten mrklk`dj
pjd`. Kt djsm kapjnan`ts ten pnrad`n`t N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t d`g lmvnr`d`cn amgnj omr ten
mrld`kzdtkm`. Kt k`cjugns cm`tk`umus andsurk`l d`g am`ktmrk`l mo iusk`nss prmcnssns d`g mo tnce`mjmly.
Djj iusk`nss prmcnss, ced`ln ad`dlnan`t, in`nokts rndjkzdtkm`, d`g tnce`mjmly pjd`s drn stmrng k` ten
prmcnss d`g gmcuan`t rnpmsktmrkns. D` m`lmk`l cm`tk`umus kaprmvnan`t pjd` ks kapjnan`tng wkte ten
Xrmcnss Mw`nr tdfk`l mvnr m`cn ten mvnrdjj k`ktkdtkvn rndcens prmbnct ccjmsurn.
jmsurn.

 Djkl`an`t mo F`mwjngln Drnds

Drnds tm IXA Jkon Cycjn Xedsns
Xedsn 42 @nw snctkm` tedt omcusns m` djkl`k`l Xrmcnss tm Strdtnly d`g Lmdjs
Xedsn 92 Xrmcnss Amgnjk`l, Xrmcnss D`djysks, Xrmcnss Gnskl`, Xrmcnss Xnromrad`cn Andsurnan`t,
Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Wrd`somradtkm`, Wnce`mjmly d`g Wrd`somradtkm`
Xedsn 32 Xrmcnss Wrd`somradtkm`, Xrmcnss Mrld`kzdtkm`
Xedsn 72 Weks ks `nw snctkm` idsng m`
m ` IXA Jkon Cycjn d`g cmvnrs Mrld`kzdtkm`dj Gnskl`, Bmi trdk`k`l,
Wnce`mjmly lm-jkvn d`g stdikjkzdtkm`

74
 

Xedsn >2 N`tnrprksn Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t

Cm`tk`umus prmcnss kaprmvnan`t ks d` dpprmdce k` wekce IXA prdctktkm`nrs

cm`tk`umusjy nvdjudtn ten pnromrad`cn mo ten iusk`nss prmcnssns, d`g ko ten rnsujts
 odjj injmw nxpnctdtkm`s,
nxpnctdtkm`s, stdrt ten IXA jkon cycjn
cycjn dldk`.

3.4.?  Wypns mo Xrmcnssns

Wenrn drn ternn gkoonrn`t typns mo n`g-tm-n`g iusk`nss prmcnssns2

◍  Xrkadry prmcnssns (motn` rnonrrng tm ds cmrn prmcnssns)
◍  Suppmrt prmcnssns
◍  Ad`dlnan`t prmcnssns
K` amst iusk`nssns, prkadry prmcnssns adfn up twn`ty
twn `ty pnrcn`t mo iusk`nss dctkvktkns, wekjn suppmrt
prmcnssns adfn up snvn`ty pnrcn`t, d`g ad`dlnan`t prmcnssns rnprnsn`t tn` pnrcn`t.

3.4.?.4  Xrkadry Xrmcnssns (98%)

Xrkadry prmcnssns drn n`g-tm-n`g, crmss-ou`ctkm`dj
crm ss-ou`ctkm`dj prmcnssns tedt gkrnctjy gnjkvnr vdjun tm custmanrs.
Xrkadry prmcnssns drn motn` rnonrrng tm ds cmrn prmcnssns, ds teny rnprnsn`t ten nssn`tkdj dctkvktkns d`
mrld`kzdtkm` pnromras tm oujokjj kts aksskm`. Wensn prmcnssns adfn up d vdjun cedk`, wenrn ndce stnp
dggs vdjun tm ten prncngk`l stnp ds andsurng iy kts cm`trkiutkm` tm ten crndtkm` mr gnjkvnry mo d prmguct
mr snrvkcn, ujtkadtnjy gnjkvnrk`l vdjun tm custmanrs.

_djun cedk`s drn cmaprksng mo wedt Akcednj Xmrtnr gnscrking ds ‚prkadry‑ dctkvktkns d`g ‚suppmrtk`l‑
dctkvktkns k` Cmapntktkvn Dgvd`tdln (4;5>). Wen n`tnrprksn-wkgn iusk`nss prmcnss vdjun cedk` ks d wdy mo
jmmfk`l dt ten cedk` mo dctkvktkns (prmcnssns) tedt prmvkgns vdjun tm ten custmanr. Ndce dctkvkty eds kts
mw` pnromrad`cn mibnctkvns jk`fng tm kts pdrn`t iusk`nss prmcnss. Xrkadry prmcnssns cd` amvn dcrmss
ou`ctkm`dj mrld`kzdtkm`s, dcrmss gnpdrtan`ts, mr nvn` intwnn` n`tnrprksns
n`tnrpr ksns d`g prmvkgn d cmapjntn n`g-
tm-n`g vknw mo vdjun crndtkm`. Xrkadry dctkvktkns drn temsn k`vmjvng k` ten peyskcdj crndtkm` mo ten
prmguct mr snrvkcn, adrfntk`l d`g trd`sonr tm ten iuynr, d`g dotnr-sdjn suppmrt. Xrkadry dctkvktkns drn
rnonrrng tm ds vdjun-dggk`l.

3.4.?.9  Suppmrt Xrmcnssns (<8%)

Suppmrt prmcnssns drn gnskl`ng tm suppmrt prkadry prmcnssns, motn` iy ad`dlk`l rnsmurcns d`g/mr
k`ordstructurn rnqukrng iy prkadry prmcnssns. Wen prkadry gkoonrn`cn intwnn` suppmrt d`g prkadry
prmcnssns ks tedt suppmrt prmcnssns gm `mt gkrnctjy gnjkvnr vdjun tm custmanrs, wekjn prkadry prmcnssns
gm. Cmaam` nxdapjns mo suppmrt prmcnssns k`cjugn k`omradtkm` tnce`mjmly ad`dlnan`t, odckjktkns mr
cdpdckty ad`dlnan`t, d`g euad` rnsmurcn ad`dlnan`t. Ndce mo tensn suppmrt prmcnssns ady k`vmjvn
d rnsmurcn jkon cycjn d`g drn motn` tkletjy dssmckdtng wkte ou`ctkm`dj drnds. Emwnvnr, suppmrt prmcnssns
cd` d`g motn` gm crmss-ou`ctkm`dj imu`gdrkns. Omr nxdapjn, cdpdckty ad`dlnan`t, ten prmcnss mo
ad`dlk`l cdpdckty, gmns `mt gkrnctjy gnjkvnr vdjun tm custmanrs, iut gmns suppmrt d` mrld`kzdtkm`'s
dikjkty tm gnjkvnr prmgucts d`g snrvkcns. Cdpdckty ad`dlnan`t motn` k`vmjvns d `uainr mo crmss-
ou`ctkm`dj dctkvktkns, orma pjd``k`l tm prmcurnan`t, n`lk`nnrk`l d`g gnskl`, cm`structkm`, d`g ten
79
 

prmcnss mo puttk`l cdpdckty k`tm prmguctkm`. Ndce mo tensn dctkvktkns cmujg

cm ujg k`cjugn crmss-ou`ctkm`dj tndas
wkte rnprnsn`tdtkvns orma ok`d`cn, prmcurnan`t, n`lk`nnrk`l,
n`lk`nnr k`l, ad`uodcturk`l, k`omradtkm` tnce`mjmly,
d`g mtenr ou`ctkm`dj mrld`kzdtkm`s.

Wen odct tedt suppmrt prmcnssns gm `mt gkrnctjy gnjkvnr vdjun tm custmanrs gmns `mt and` tedt teny drn
u`kapmrtd`t tm d` mrld`kzdtkm`. Suppmrt prmcnssns cd` in crktkcdj
cr ktkcdj d`g strdtnlkc tm mrld`kzdtkm`s ds teny

gkrnctjy k`ojun`cn ten dikjkty mo d` mrld`kzdtkm` tm noonctkvnjy nxncutn

n xncutn prkadry prmcnssns.

3.4.?.3  Ad`dlnan`t Xrmcnssns (48%)

Ad`dlnan`t prmcnssns drn usng tm andsurn, am`ktmr, d`g cm`trmj iusk`nss dctkvktkns. Ad`dlnan`t
prmcnssns n`surn tedt d prkadry mr suppmrtk`l prmcnss annts mpnrdtkm`dj, ok`d`ckdj, rnlujdtmry, d`g jnldj
lmdjs. Ad`dlnan`t prmcnssns gm `mt gkrnctjy dgg vdjun tm custmanrs,
c ustmanrs, iut drn `ncnssdry k` mrgnr tm
n`surn ten mrld`kzdtkm` mpnrdtns noonctkvnjy d`g nookckn`tjy.

3.4.<  Wypns mo Dctkvktkns

Wypns mo dctkvktkns tedt drn pdrt mo iusk`nss prmcnssns k`cjugn vdjun-dggk`l dctkvktkns, ed`gmoo dctkvktkns,
d`g cm`trmj dctkvktkns.

3.4.<.4  _djun Dggk`l

_djun-dggk`l dctkvktkns drn temsn tedt cm`trkiutn tm ten prmcnss mutput k` d pmsktkvn wdy. Omr nxdapjn,
cm`tdctk`l ten custmanr snvnrdj gdys dotnr snrvkck`l tenkr cdr tm cencf tedt teny drn sdtksokng dggs vdjun
tm ten Snrvkcn _nekcjn
_n ekcjn prmcnss, imte iy andsurk`l custmanr sdtksodctkm` d`g iy n`ed`ck`l ten cma
cmapd`y
pd`y
kadln ds d cdrk`l d`g cm`cnr`ng snrvkcn prmvkgnr.

3.4.<.9  Ed`gmoo
Ed`gmoo dctkvktkns pdss cm`trmj mo ten prmcnss tm d`mtenr gnpdrtan`t
gnpdrtan `t mr mrld`kzdtkm`. Wrd`sonrrk`l d
custmanr tm d`mtenr gnpdrtan`t dotnr gntnrak`k`l ten dpprmprkdtn lrmup tm rnsmjvn tenkr kssun ks d`
nxdapjn mo d ed`gmoo dctkvkty.

 
3.4.<.3 Cm`trmjs d`g Cm`trmj Dctkvktkns
Cm`trmj dctkvktkns dssurn tedt ten prmcnssns inedvn
in edvn wktek` gnskrng tmjnrd`cns. Cm`trmjs enjp n`surn
prmcnssns dceknvn gnskrng lmdjs d`g dgenrn tm std`gdrgs, jnldj, d`g/mr rnlujdtmry rnqukrnan`ts.
Cm`trmjs kgn`tkoy nxcnptkm`s d`g cd` trkllnr nxcnptkm`
nxcn ptkm` prmcnssns. Weny cd` nvn` kgn`tkoy gd`lnrmus
cm`gktkm`s sm teny cd` in dggrnssng termule k`tnrvn`tkm`.

D cm`trmj dctkvkty ks d spnckokc vdjkgkty cencfpmk`t k` d prmcnss. Cm`trmj dctkvktkns cd`

c d` prnvn`t, gntnct, mr
cmrrnct u`gnskrdijn cm`gktkm`s mr ced`ln ten ojmw mo
m o d prmcnss tm n`surn tedt prmcnss lmdjs drn ant.
Cm`trmj dctkvktkns typkcdjjy k`vmjvn ten dppjkcdtkm` mo rujns d`g andsurns mo cm`gktkm`s tedt wkjj cdjj omr
dutmadtng mr ad`udj k`tnrvn`tkm`.

Wen gnskl` d`g dppjkcdtkm` mo cm`trmj dctkvktkns eds inn` dppjkng nxtn`skvnjy tm ok`d`cn, dccmu`tk`l,
ad`uodcturk`l, mpnrdtkm`s, d`g vkrtudjjy djj kapmrtd`t dspncts mo d` n`tnrprksn. D fny njnan`t mo prmcnss
ad`dlnan`t ks ten kgn`tkokcdtkm` d`g gnok`ktkm` mo cmaputk`l ok`d`ckdj d`g mpnrdtkm`dj cm`trmjs.

73
 

Dceknvk`l succnssouj dgenrn`cn tm tensn cm`trmjs rnqukrns

r nqukrns ten gnskl`, tnstk`l, kapjnan`tdtkm`, d`g
am`ktmrk`l mo cm`trmj dctkvktkns.

^`gnrstd`gk`l ten `nng omr cm`trmjs, d`g temsn dctkvktkns wktek` ten prmcnss tedt suppmrt d`g n`omrcn
cm`trmjs, ks d` kapmrtd`t cm`trkiutkm` mo ten jmlkc d`g antemgs mo prmcnss ad`dlnan`t. Tuktn motn`,
ad`dlnan`t d`g dugktmrs gnskl` cm`trmjs tm dggrnss jnldj d`g rnlujdtmry
rn lujdtmry rnqukrnan`ts wktemut d

cmapjntn u`gnrstd`gk`l mo ten n`g-tm-n`g prmcnssns ink`l cm`trmjjng. \ktemut d prmcnss ad`dlnan`t
ordanwmrf, ten jkst mo pmtn`tkdj cm`trmjs gnskl`ng omr rksf
r ksf rnguctkm` cd` in nxcnsskvn d`g vnry gkookcujt, ko
`mt kapmsskijn, tm ad`dln.

3.4.5  IXA Ks d Ad`dlnan`t Gksckpjk`n

Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t, ds d ad`dlnan`t gksckpjk`n, cdrrkns wktek` kt ten

t en cm`cnpt mo lmvnr`d`cn.
Ln`nrkcdjjy gnok`ng, lmvnr`d`cn ks d structurng dpprmdce tm gnckskm` adfk`l d`g ten and`s iy wekce
gnckskm`s drn kapjnan`tng (mr `mt kapjnan`tng). \en` dppjkng tm iusk`nss prmcnssns, lmvnr`d`cn
kapjkns2
◍  Structurng gnckskm` adfk`l rnldrgk`l emw d` mrld`kzdtkm` ou`ctkm`s wkte rnspnct tm ten gnjkvnry
mo vdjun tm custmanrs
◍  D structurng dpprmdce tm kapjnan`tk`l ced`lns k` ten wdy d` mrld`kzdtkm` ou`ctkm`s wkte
rnspnct tm ten gnjkvnry mo vdjun tm custmanrs
Wen crmss-ou`ctkm`dj `dturn mo ad`dlk`l iusk`nss prmcnssns crndtns d cmapjntnjy `nw `nng omr
spnckdjkzng rmjns tm suppmrt n`tnrprksn lmvnr`d`cn. K` trdgktkm`dj, ou`ctkm`djjy-ad`dlng mrld`kzdtkm`s,
strdtnlkc k`tn`t ks puseng k`tm iusk`nss ou`ctkm`s dt d iusk`nss u`kt jnvnj, d`g structurng
st ructurng gnckskm` adfk`l
ks cm`strdk`ng wktek` tedt mrld`kzdtkm`dj skjm (snn Oklurn 3.3). Ds d rnsujt,
r nsujt, k`nookckn`ckns, pmmr
pnromrad`cn, d`g irndfgmw`s amst motn` mccur gurk`l ten ed`gmoos intwnn` ou`ctkm`dj mrld`kzdtkm`s.
Ldps ten` incman dppdrn`t incdusn ou`ctkm`dj ad`dlnrs drn
dr n andsurng d`g nvdjudtng omr tenkr
pnromrad`cn k` mptkakzk`l tenkr skjmng ou`ctkm`s, rdtenr ted` ten pnromrad`cn mo ten crmss-ou`ctkm`dj
prmcnssns. D vmkg k` rnspm`skikjkty omr mptkakzk`l ten ed`gmoos intwnn` ou`ctkm`s incmans prmijnadtkc.

77
 

Oklurn 3.3 Skjms

S kjms k` Ou`ctkm`djjy-Ad`dlng Mrld`kzdtkm`s

D Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t kapjnan`tdtkm` typkcdjjy k`trmgucns `nw rmjns k`tm ten mrld`kzdtkm`
wkte rnspm`skikjktkns omr ad`dlk`l prmcnssns n`g-tm-n`g dcrmss ou`ctkm`dj imu`gdrkns ds d rnangy tm
dggrnss ten kssun mo prmcnss k`nookckn`ckns, irndfgmw`s, d`g cmaau`kcdtkm` ldps intwnn` ou`ctkm`s.
Weks ks prnscrkptkvn k` IXA d`g ks crktkcdj k` u`gnrstd`gk`l ten jdinjs dttdceng
dttdc eng tm prmcnss-cn`trkc rmjns
d`g ten rmjn rnspm`skikjktkns dssmckdtng wkte ten prmcnssns. Wensn `nw rmjns d`g rnspm`skikjktkns nxkst
incdusn mo ten iusk`nss prmcnss mrkn`tdtkm` k`stndg mo ou`ctkm`dj rnsmurcn ad`dlnan`t.
a d`dlnan`t.

Kt ks cmaam` tedt d sk`ljn k`gkvkgudj rnprnsn`tk`l d sk`ljn pmsktkm` k` ten mrld`kzdtkm`dj ou`ctkm`dj
eknrdrcey wkjj edvn aujtkpjn rmjns2 m`n omr tenkr iusk`nss ou`ctkm` d`g d`mtenr k` ten ad`dlnan`t mo
ten crmss-ou`ctkm`dj iusk`nss prmcnssns.

\ekjn ten rmjn tktjns ady vdry intwnn`

intwnn ` cmapd`kns, omr teks gkscusskm` wn wkjj jmmf dt rmjns d`g

rnspm`skikjktkns mo ten2
◍  Xrmcnss Mw`nr
◍  Xrmcnss Jndgnr
◍  Xrmcnss Stnwdrg
◍  Xrmcnss D`djyst
◍  Xrmcnss Lmvnr`mr

3.4.5.4  Xrmcnss Mw`nr

Wen Xrmcnss Mw`nr ks d cn`tnrpkncn
c n`tnrpkncn rmjn k` d Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t kapjnan`tdtkm` d`g ks
dsskl`ng mvnrdjj rnspm`skikjkty omr ten n`g-tm-n`g ad`dlnan`t mo m`n mr amrn iusk`nss prmcnssns.
Spnckokcdjjy, teks and`s tedt ten Xrmcnss Mw`nr ks rnspm`skijn omr n`surk`l ten prmcnss annts
nstdijkseng pnromrad`cn nxpnctdtkm`s (omr imte noonctkvn`nss d`g nookckn`cy). Omr nxdapjn,
n xdapjn, k` Oklurn 3.7,

d pnromrad`cn tdrlnt cycjn

cyc jn tkan mo 488 gdys eds inn` snt omr d spnckokc iusk`nss prmcnss. Wen Xrmcnss

7>
 

Mw`nr ks rnspm`skijn omr n`surk`l tedt ten prmcnss ks gnskl`ng, gnpjmyng, am`ktmrng, d`g cm`trmjjng k` d
ad``nr tedt annts teks tdrlnt omr nvnry prmcnss k`std`cn.

Oklurn 3.7 Xrmcnss Mw`nr Dsskl`ng d Xrmcnss wkte 488 Gdy Wdrlnt Cycjn Wkan

K` mrgnr tm annt tensn rnspm`skikjktkns, d Xrmcnss Mw`nr typkcdjjy2

◍  N`ldlns d tnda mo stdfnemjgnrs tm gnok`n
gn ok`n iusk`nss prmcnss cm`tnxt d`g n`surn djkl`an`t wkte
strdtnlkc mibnctkvns
◍  N`ldlns d tnda mo stdfnemjgnrs d`g SANs tm n`surn iusk`nss prmcnss gnskl` annts nxpnctdtkm`s
wktek` kts gnok`ng mrld`kzdtkm`dj cm`tnxt
◍  Snrvns ds pmk`t mo cm`tdct omr prmcnss-rnjdtng qunstkm`s
◍  N`surns u`gnrstd`gk`l mo emw pnmpjn d`g systnas drn n`ldlng tm suppmrt prmcnss nxncutkm`
◍  Xjdys dctkvn stdfnemjgnr rmjn k` iusk`nss d`g tnce`mjmly k`ktkdtkvns tedt kapdct ten prmcnss
◍  Odckjktdtns iusk`nss prmcnss dgmptkm`
◍  Am`ktmrs d`g rnpmrts prmcnss pnromrad`cn gdtd
◍  Xrmpmsns d cmrrnctkvn cmursn mo dctkm` ko prmcnss pnromrad`cn ks `mt ds nxpnctng
◍  Nscdjdtns k`std`cns mo skl`kokcd`t prmcnss pnromrad`cn irndcens rnqukrk`l dttn`tkm`
◍  Jndgs d tnda tm dssnss, prkmrktkzn, d`g kapjnan`t rnqunsts omr prmcnss ced`ln
◍  Cmjjdimrdtns wkte mtenr Xrmcnss Mw`nrs tm n`surn djkl`an`t
\kte rnspnct tm mrld`kzdtkm`dj pmsktkm`k`l mo ten Xrmcnss Mw`nr rmjn, tenrn drn ou`gdan`tdjjy twm
dpprmdcens tm kapjnan`tdtkm`, ou`ctkm`djjy-djkl`ng  d`g
 d`g `m`-ou`ctkm`djjy djkl`ng  prmcnss
 ou`ctkm`djjy-djkl`ng   prmcnss mw`nrsekp.

Ou`ctkm`djjy-Djkl`ng Xrmcnss Mw`nrsekp

K` ten ou`ctkm`djjy-djkl`ng kapjnan`tdtkm` dpprmdce, Xrmcnss Mw`nrs rnpmrt tm endgs mo ou`ctkm`dj
mrld`kzdtkm`s. K` cdsns wenrn d iusk`nss prmcnss trd`scn`gs mrld`kzdtkm`dj
mr ld`kzdtkm`dj imu`gdrkns (amst gm), tenrn

drn twm mptkm`s omr ten rnspm`skikjktkns (d`g dccmu`tdikjkty) mo prmcnss mw`nrsekp2

7?
 

◍  D sk`ljn Xrmcnss Mw`nr ks dsskl`ng nvn` temule sman prmcnss pdrtkckpd`ts rnpmrt tm mtenr
ou`ctkm`dj mrld`kzdtkm`s
◍  Aujtkpjn Xrmcnss Mw`nrs drn dsskl`ng ten rnspm`skikjkty omr prmcnss mw`nrsekp

Oklurn 3.> Mrld`kzdtkm`dj Structurn k` Ou`ctkm`djjy-Djkl`ng Xrmcnss Mw`nrsekp

Wen prms mo dgmptk`l d ou`ctkm`djjy-djkl`ng prmcnss mw`nrsekp dpprmdce drn tedt kt ks jnss terndtn`k`l tm
ten nxkstk`l pmwnr structurn d`g amrn odakjkdr tm mpnrdtkm`s stdoo. Wenrnomrn, ou`ctkm`djjy-djkl`ng
prmcnss mw`nrsekp eds auce jnss ced`cn mo ink`l suaadrkjy rnbnctng dt k`trmguctkm` iy ten
mrld`kzdtkm`. Omr tensn rndsm`s, ad`y mrld`kzdtkm`s cemmsn tm dccnpt,
dccn pt, k` ten semrt tnra, tedt teks
dpprmdce ks jnss noonctkvn d`g vknw ou`ctkm`djjy-djkl`ng prmcnss mw`nrsekp ds d idiy stnp tm ten amrn
noonctkvn (iut edrgnr tm kapjnan`t) dpprmdce mo `m`-ou`ctkm`djjy
`m` -ou`ctkm`djjy djkl`ng prmcnss mw`nrsekp.

@m`-Ou`ctkm`djjy Djkl`ng Xrmcnss Mw`nrsekp

K` ten `m`-ou`ctkm`djjy djkl`ng kapjnan`tdtkm` dpprmdce, Xrmcnss Mw`nrs rnpmrt gkrnctjy tm ten endg mo
ten mrld`kzdtkm` (mr tm d` mrld`kzdtkm`dj structurn gkrnctjy u`gnr ten endg). K` teks cdsn, Xrmcnss
X rmcnss Mw`nrs

drn pnnrs tm ten

t en endgs mo ou`ctkm`dj mrld`kzdtkm`s k` ten mrld`kzdtkm`dj eknrdrcey.

Oklurn 3.? Mrld`kzdtkm`dj Structurn k` Ou`ctkm`djjy-Djkl`ng Xrmcnss Mw`nrsekp

7<
 

Wen prms mo teks dpprmdce drn tedt ten Xrmcnss Mw`nr ks k` d` dpprmprkdtn pmsktkm` k` ten mrld`kzdtkm`dj
eknrdrcey tm dggrnss crmss-ou`ctkm`dj ed`gmoo kssuns d`g tedt tenrn ks d cjndr gkstk`ctkm` intwnn` ten
rnspm`skikjktkns mo d Xrmcnss Mw`nr d`g temsn mo ou`ctkm`dj ad`dlnan`t.

Wen cedjjn`ln mo teks dpprmdce ks tedt kt skl`kokcd`tjy ced`lns ten trdgktkm`dj pmwnr structurn wktek` d`
mrld`kzdtkm`. Wenrn ks d ekle pmtn`tkdj omr k`ktkdj rnskstd`cn (typkcdjjy orma ou`ctkm`dj ad`dlnrs),

smantkans rnqukrk`l nxtrnan k`tnrvn`tkm` orma nxncutkvn jndgnrsekp tm lnt ten lmvnr`d`cn amgnj moo
ten lrmu`g.

Wenrn drn k`enrn`t wndf`nssns k` imte amgnjs. K` ou`ctkm`djjy-djkl`ng mw`nrsekp, tenrn ks d gd`lnr tedt
prmcnss pdrtkckpd`ts orma mtenr ou`ctkm`dj mrld`kzdtkm`s ady `mt rncml`kzn Xrmcnss Mw`nr dutemrkty
d`g scmpn mo ad`dlnan`t, d`g skakjdrjy tedt Xrmcnss Mw`nrs drn jnss jkfnjy tm tdfn rnspm`skikjkty omr
kssuns stnaak`l orma mtenr ou`ctkm`s. Wen wndf`nss k` ten sncm`g amgnj ks tedt Xrmcnss Mw`nrsekp ks
sedrng dcrmss ou`ctkm`s. Weks ks rndjjy `m gkoonrn`t ted` trdgktkm`dj ou`ctkm`dj ad`dlnan`t structurns
d`g k`trmgucns ten sdan emst mo prmijnas, spnckokcdjjy d jdcf mo
m o dutemrkty wkte rnspnct tm ad`dlnan`t
a d`dlnan`t
mo ten ed`gmoos intwnn` ou`ctkm`s.

3.4.5.9  Xrmcnss Jndgnr

Wen rmjn mo ten Xrmcnss Jndgnr ks pjdyng iy anainrs mo ten
t en mrld`kzdtkm`‛s nxncutkvn jndgnrsekp tnda
d`g ady mr ady `mt k`vmjvn rnprnsn`tdtkvns mo ten prmcnss mw`nrsekp ou`ctkm`.

K` mrld`kzdtkm`s wenrn d Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t gksckpjk`n nxksts, ten typkcdj rnspm`skikjktkns mo
ten Nxncutkvn Jndgnrsekp Wnda anainrs rnadk`
rna dk` k`tdct. Omr nxdapjn, jndgnrs stkjj nstdijkse strdtnlkc
gkrnctkm` d`g gnvnjmp ten mrld`kzdtkm`'s vkskm`, aksskm`, d`g cmrn vdjuns.

Oklurn 3.< Mrld`kzdtkm` Cedrt Semwk`l Xrmcnss Jndgnr

Dggktkm`dj rnspm`skikjktkns dssmckdtng wkte ten rmjn mo Xrmcnss Jndgnr aklet k`cjugn2

◍  Gnok`k`l ten vkskm` d`g strdtnly omr Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t d`g spm`smrk`l kts
kapjnan`tdtkm`
 
◍ N`surk`l
gkrnctkm` tedt prmcnss pnromrad`cn mibnctkvns drn nstdijkseng k` djkl`an`t wkte strdtnlkc
strdtn lkc

75
 

◍  Cm`okrak`l tedt prmcnss ced`ln rncmaan`gdtkm`s d`g prkmrktkzdtkm`s drn k` djkl`an`t wkte
strdtnlkc k`tn`t

3.4.5.3  Xrmcnss Stnwdrg

Wen rmjn mo Xrmcnss Stnwdrg ks pjdyng iy anainrs mo ten mrld`kzdtkm`‛s
mr ld`kzdtkm`‛s ou`ctkm`dj ad`dlnan`t ‗ tedt
ks, ten ad`dlnrs mo mpnrdtkm`s stdoo wem nxncutn dctkvktkns wktek` d` n`g-tm-n`g iusk`nss prmcnss.

Oklurn 3.5 Mrld`kzdtkm` Cedrt Semwk`l Xrmcnss Stnwdrg

K` mrld`kzdtkm`s wenrn d Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t gksckpjk`n ks kapjnan`tng, typkcdj

rnspm`skikjktkns mo ten Ou`ctkm`dj Ad`dlnan`t Wnda anainrs k`cjugn2

◍  Gnvnjmpk`l f`mwjngln d`g nxpnrtksn wktek` ten ou`ctkm`dj gksckpjk`n

◍  Dttrdctk`l d`g rntdk`k`l tmp tdjn`t wktek` ten ou`ctkm`dj gksckpjk`n
◍  Structurk`l d`g gnvnjmpk`l ou`ctkm`dj tnda rmjn gnscrkptkm`s d`g rnspm`skikjktkns
◍  Gnok`k`l d`g adk`tdk`k`l mpnrdtkm`dj-jnvnj prmcngurns
Wensn trdgktkm`dj Ou`ctkm`dj Ad`dlnr rnspm`skikjktkns rnadk` k`tdct wktek` mrld`kzdtkm`s wenrn d
Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t gksckpjk`n ks kapjnan`tng.

Dggktkm`dj rnspm`skikjktkns dssmckdtng wkte ten rmjn mo Xrmcnss Stnwdrg aklet k`cjugn2

◍  N`surk`l tedt mpnrdtkm`dj-jnvnj prmcngurns djkl` wkte rnqukrnan`ts mo mvnrdrcek`l iusk`nss

prmcnssns tedt ten ou`ctkm` suppmrts.
◍  N`surk`l tedt mpnrdtkm`s stdoo drn dwdrn mo nxpnctdtkm`s
n xpnctdtkm`s wkte rnspnct tm suppmrtk`l mvnrdrcek`l
iusk`nss prmcnssns. Omr nxdapjn, pnromrad`cn nxpnctdtkm`s, nxpnctng
n xpnctng qudjkty mo ten mutput(s)
prmgucng iy ten ou`ctkm`, nscdjdtkm` pdtes, d`g ckrcuastd`cns u`gnr wekce nscdjdtkm` ks
gnskrng.
7;
 

◍  Ldtenrk`l d`g suiakttk`l onngidcf d`g sullnstkm`s omr prmcnss kaprmvnan`t tm ten Xrmcnss
Xr mcnss
Mw`nr.
◍  Anainrsekp m` ten tnda (jng iy Xrmcnss Mw`nr) tedt dssnssns d`g prkmrktkzns prmcnss ced`ln
rnqunsts.
◍  Sedrk`l k`omradtkm` wkte ten Xrmcnss Mw`nr rnldrgk`l ou`ctkm`dj-jnvnj pnromrad`cn tedt ks
rnjnvd`t tm ten mvnrdrcek`l iusk`nss prmcnss.

3.4.5.7  Xrmcnss D`djyst

K` sadjj Iusk`nss Xrmcnss Ad`dlnan`t kapjnan`tdtkm`s, ten Xrmcnss D`djyst cd` edvn rnspm`skikjktkns
dcrmss djj pedsns mo ten Iusk`nss Xrmcnss jkon cycjn. K` jdrlnr kapjnan`tdtkm`s, Xrmcnss D`djysts aklet
spnckdjkzn k` m`n mr twm fny dspncts mo ten gksckpjk`n.

Oklurn 3.; Mrld`kzdtkm` Cedrt Semwk`l Xrmcnss D`djyst

D sdapjk`l mo typkcdj rnspm`skikjktkns k`cjugns2

◍  N`g-tm-n`g gnskl` mo ten mrld`kzdtkm`‛s iusk`nss prmcnssns (u`gnr gkrnctkm` mo ten Xrmcnss
Mw`nr d`g wkte k`put orma ou`ctkm`dj SANs)
◍  Adk`tn`d`cn mo ten prmcnss amgnj rnpmsktmry
◍  Cmjjdimrdtkm` wkte ten Xrmcnss Mw`nr d`g Stnwdrgs tm gkdl`msn prmijnas d`g prmpmsn
smjutkm`s
◍  Xnromrak`l d`djysns ds rnqunstng iy ten Xrmcnss Mw`nr d`g/mr Xrmcnss
X rmcnss Stnwdrgs (omr nxdapjn
pnromrad`cn d`djysks, kapdct d`djysks, d`g prmcnss
prmcn ss skaujdtkm`)
◍  Wypkcdjjy, anainrsekp m` ten tnda tedt dssnssns d`g prkmrktkzns rnqunsts omr prmcnss
pr mcnss ced`ln
◍  Wypkcdjjy, anainrsekp m` prmcnss ced`ln kapjnan`tdtkm` tndas

3.4.5.>  Xrmcnss Lmvnr`mr

Wen rmjn mo ten Xrmcnss Lmvnr`mr ks crktkcdj k` grkvk`l prmcnss adturdtkm` termule std`gdrgkzdtkm` k` ten
prdctkcn d`g usn mo IXA antemgmjmlkns
ant emgmjmlkns d`g tmmjs. Weks rmjn ks jnss omcusng m` ten cm`tn`t mo ten
mrld`kzdtkm`‛s prmcnssns ted` m` emw tedt cm`tn`t ks gmcuan`tng d`g ad`dlng.

Wen rmjn mo Xrmcnss Lmvnr`mr cd` in pjdyng iy ten sdan pnrsm` wem ks ten Xrmcnss Mw`nr k` sadjj IXA

kapjnan`tdtkm`s d`g wen` ten Xrmcnss Mw`nr ks ou`ctkm`djjy `nutrdj. Emwnvnr, k` kapjnan`tdtkm`s

>8